TR010006 Glossary of Terms - Planning Inspectorate · TR010006 Glossary of Terms Planning Act 2008 Infrastructure Planning (Applications: Prescribed Forms and ... operating and maintenance

M20 Junction 10a TR010006

Glossary of Terms

Planning Act 2008

Infrastructure Planning (Applications: Prescribed Forms and Procedure)

Regulations 2009

Volume 9.5 November 2016

Date: November 2016

M20 Junction 10a

TR010006

Glossary of Terms

Planning Act 2008

Infrastructure Planning (Applications: Prescribed Forms and Procedure)

Regulations 2009

Volume 9.5

Glossary of TermsM20 Junction 10a TR010006

HA514442-MMGJV-GEN-SMW-RE-Z-9501 Revision 01

Revision Date Originator Checker Approver Description

01 November 16 Mott MacDonald

Sweco

Highways England Mott MacDonald

Sweco

Draft for discussion

Issue and revision record

This document is issued for the party which commissioned it

and for specific purposes connected with the above-captioned

project only. It should not be relied upon by any other party or

used for any other purpose.

We accept no responsibility for the consequences of this

document being relied upon by any other party, or being used

for any other purpose, or containing any error or omission

which is due to an error or omission in data supplied to us by

other parties

This document contains confidential information and

proprietary intellectual property. It should not be shown to

other parties without consent from us and from the party

which commissioned it.



Chapter Title Page

Issue and revision record 5

Content 6

1. Glossary of Terms 7

Content


7


TermTermTermTerm DefinitionDefinitionDefinitionDefinition AbbreviationAbbreviationAbbreviationAbbreviation

Advanced WorksAdvanced WorksAdvanced WorksAdvanced Works The construction activities that are required in

preparation for the construction phase of a project.

Advanced works may include, for example, the

clearance of vegetation or the relocation of utilities.

Agricultural Impact Agricultural Impact Agricultural Impact Agricultural Impact

AssessmentAssessmentAssessmentAssessment

An Agricultural Impact Assessment (AgIA) provides

an assessment on the viability of farms as a result

of a development. Husbandry and severance effects

for individual farms are the primary consideration

within an AgIA, although other effects, such as an

increase in flooding, may also need to be assessed.

AgIA

Agricultural Land Agricultural Land Agricultural Land Agricultural Land

ClassifiClassifiClassifiClassificationcationcationcation

Agricultural Land Classification provides a means of

assessing the quality of farmland. Its assessment is

based on physical limitations of the land, such as

climate, site characteristics (e.g. gradient) and soil.

The assessment gives an indication of the versatility

and expected yield of the land. The system

classifies agricultural land in five grades. The best

and most versatile land is classified as 1, 2 and 3a.

The Agricultural Land Classification was developed

by the former Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and

Food (MAFF) in 1988 and revised in 1996.

ALC

Air Pollution Information Air Pollution Information Air Pollution Information Air Pollution Information

SystemSystemSystemSystem

Database and information on pollutants and their

impacts on habitats and species.

APIS

Air Quality Management Air Quality Management Air Quality Management Air Quality Management

AreaAreaAreaArea

Any parts of a Local Authority’s area where the air

quality objectives are not being achieved, or are not

likely to be achieved within the relevant period must

be identified and declared an AQMA.

AQMA

Air Quality StrategyAir Quality StrategyAir Quality StrategyAir Quality Strategy Establishes the UK framework for air quality

improvements. The Environment Agency is required

to have regard to the Strategy in exercising its

pollution control functions. Local authorities are also

required to work towards the Strategy’s objectives

prescribed in regulations for that purpose.

AQS

Air Quality ThresholdsAir Quality ThresholdsAir Quality ThresholdsAir Quality Thresholds A blanket term used to cover both the UK Air Quality

Objectives and EU Limit Values, and to provide a

road metric to compare outcomes of air quality

modelling and monitoring.

Air Quality ObjectivesAir Quality ObjectivesAir Quality ObjectivesAir Quality Objectives Objectives are policy targets often expressed as a

maximum ambient concentration not to be

exceeded, either without exception or with a

permitted number of exceedances, within a

specified timescale.

1 Glossary of Terms


8


Alternative OptionsAlternative OptionsAlternative OptionsAlternative Options Different design possibilities considered during

project development that have potential to fulfil the

Project Objectives.

Ambient NoiseAmbient NoiseAmbient NoiseAmbient Noise The total sound in a given situation at a given time

usually composed of sound from many sources, near

and far.

AmenityAmenityAmenityAmenity The relative pleasantness of a journey.

AppraisalAppraisalAppraisalAppraisal A process (with methodologies that differ to those of

Environmental Impact Assessment) that looks at the

worth of a course of action.

Appraisal Summary Appraisal Summary Appraisal Summary Appraisal Summary

TableTableTableTable

A summary for decision makers containing key

economic, environmental, and other information

drawn from existing documentation, such as the cist

benefit analysis and Environmental Statement

prepared for transportation schemes. Refer to “A

New Deal for Trunk Roads in England: Understanding

the new approach to appraisal”.

AST

Appropriate AssessmentAppropriate AssessmentAppropriate AssessmentAppropriate Assessment An Appropriate Assessment is required where a

project may have significant effects on a site by

affecting its function to support protected habitats

or species. Its purpose is to assess the implications

of the proposal in respect to the site’s ‘conservation

objectives’. The assessment is undertaken by the

competent authority, in this case the Secretary of

State.

Area ManagerArea ManagerArea ManagerArea Manager Highways England Customer Services staff member

responsible for a specific Area.

Area of Outstanding Area of Outstanding Area of Outstanding Area of Outstanding

Natural BeautyNatural BeautyNatural BeautyNatural Beauty

An area designated by the Countryside Agency under

the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act

1949, to conserve and enhance the natural beauty of

the landscape, mainly through planning controls.

AONB

AssessmentAssessmentAssessmentAssessment A process by which information about effects of a

proposed plan, project or intervention is collected,

assessed, and used to inform decision-making.

Asset InventoryAsset InventoryAsset InventoryAsset Inventory Inventory of the environmental assets pertaining to

the highway estate.

AAAA----WeightingWeightingWeightingWeighting The unit used to define a weighted sound pressure

level, which correlates well with the subjective

response to sound. The ‘A’ weighting follows the

frequency response of the human ear, which is less

sensitive to low and very high frequencies than it is

to those in the range 500Hz to 4kHz.

Baseline conditionsBaseline conditionsBaseline conditionsBaseline conditions The environment as it appears (or would appear)

immediately prior to the implementation of the

project together with any known or foreseeable


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future changes that will take place before

completion of the project.

Base YearBase YearBase YearBase Year Reflects the year over which the traffic data has

been collected and the corresponding traffic model

has been validated for.

Benefit Cost RatioBenefit Cost RatioBenefit Cost RatioBenefit Cost Ratio The Benefit Cost Ratio is a representation of the

amount of benefit being bought for every £1 of cost

to the public purse - the higher the BCR the greater

the benefit for every £1 spent.

BCR

Biodiversity Action PlanBiodiversity Action PlanBiodiversity Action PlanBiodiversity Action Plan Plans that provide actions for targets for the

conservation and enhancement of endangered

and/or declining species and habitats. Can cover UK,

regional or local areas: or the interests of the

overseeing organisation.

BAP

Biodiversity Opportunity Biodiversity Opportunity Biodiversity Opportunity Biodiversity Opportunity

AreasAreasAreasAreas

Means of indicating where significant gains can be

made for biodiversity.

BOA

BiodiversityBiodiversityBiodiversityBiodiversity The biological diversity of the earth’s living

resources. The total range of variability among

systems and organisms at the following levels of

organisation: bioregional, landscape, ecosystem,

habitat, communities, species, populations,

individuals, genes, and the structural and functional

relationships within and between these different

levels.

Birds DirectiveBirds DirectiveBirds DirectiveBirds Directive EC Directive on the Conservation of Wild Birds (Birds

Directive 1979) as amended (79/409/EEC).

Book of ReferenceBook of ReferenceBook of ReferenceBook of Reference Identifies all parties who own or occupy land and/or

have an interest in or right over the land affected by

the scheme, and/or who may be entitled to make a

‘relevant claim’ as defined in Section 57 of the

Planning Act 2008.

BoR

Code of Construction Code of Construction Code of Construction Code of Construction

PracticePracticePracticePractice

A document setting out measures and standards to

be implemented throughout construction of the

scheme included in Appendix 20.2 of the

Environmental Statement.

ConcentrationsConcentrationsConcentrationsConcentrations Mass of pollutant per volume of air after leaving the

exhaust and mixed with the ambient air.

Concentrations are outputs from an air quality

model and are compared to air quality thresholds.

Conservation AreaConservation AreaConservation AreaConservation Area An area designated by the Local Planning Authority

under the Town and Country Planning (Listed

Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 as

possessing special architectural or historical interest.

The Local Planning Authority will seek to preserve

and enhance the character and appearance of these

areas.


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Construction Construction Construction Construction

Environmental Environmental Environmental Environmental

Management PlanManagement PlanManagement PlanManagement Plan

A CEMP includes the specific measures that will be

taken to control and manage the environmental

impacts whilst the project is under construction that

may otherwise occur for each of the environmental

topics, such as noise, air quality, water resources

and ecology. In addition, a description of the

planned works and the general site arrangements

should be included in the CEMP. The Principal

Contractor will be responsible for ensuring the

measures specified within the CEMP are

implemented.

CEMP

ConsultantConsultantConsultantConsultant A person or firm contracted by the Overseeing

Organisation to provide professional advice and

services.

Consultation ReportConsultation ReportConsultation ReportConsultation Report A report forming part of the DCO application,

reporting on the statutory consultation held from 14

January to 17 March 2016 and 31 March to 5 May

2016.

ContractorContractorContractorContractor A person or firm contracted by the Overseeing

Organisation to undertake works on its behalf.

Core CodesCore CodesCore CodesCore Codes Codes that have been assigned to Environmental

Functions and Environmental Elements in order to

standardise the Environmental Database.

Core DatasetsCore DatasetsCore DatasetsCore Datasets The column headings within the Environmental

Database, that cover the various core datasets.

Core Environmental Core Environmental Core Environmental Core Environmental

DutiesDutiesDutiesDuties

Mandatory duties to be carried out by the Designer

or Managing Agent.

Core Performance Core Performance Core Performance Core Performance

RequirementsRequirementsRequirementsRequirements

Mandatory contractual requirements stated within

construction contracts for highway works.

County Wildlife SitesCounty Wildlife SitesCounty Wildlife SitesCounty Wildlife Sites Sites considered to be of value for wildlife in a

county context.

CWSs

Cumulative AssessmentCumulative AssessmentCumulative AssessmentCumulative Assessment An assessment on how the effects of the proposed

scheme would combine and interact with the effects

of other developments. It considers the

accumulation of, and interrelationship between

effects which might affect the environment,

economy, or community as a whole, even though

they may be acceptable when considered on an

individual basis with mitigation measures in place.

Cumulative ICumulative ICumulative ICumulative Impactmpactmpactmpact The following definition is widely accepted –

“Impacts that result from incremental changes

caused by other past, present or reasonably

foreseeable actions together with the project. “For

the purposes of the DMRB Volume 11 guidance, a

cumulative impact may arise as the result of: a) the

combined impact of a number of different


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environmental topic-specific impacts from a single

environmental impact assessment project on a

single receptor/resource; and b) the combined

impact of a number of different projects within the

vicinity (in combination with the environmental

impact assessment project) on a single

receptor/resource.

Design Build FinanceDesign Build FinanceDesign Build FinanceDesign Build Finance

OperateOperateOperateOperate

Design, build, finance and operate is a form of

project financing, wherein a private entity receives a

concession from the private or public sector to

finance, design, construct, and operate a facility

stated in the concession contract. This enables the

project proponent to recover its investment,

operating and maintenance expenses in the project.

DBFO

Decision MakersDecision MakersDecision MakersDecision Makers Regional Planning Bodies/Government Offices in the

regions and other stakeholders e.g. statutory bodies.

Department for Department for Department for Department for

Environment, Food and Environment, Food and Environment, Food and Environment, Food and

Rural AffairsRural AffairsRural AffairsRural Affairs

The UK Government department tasked with issues

such as the environment, rural development, the

countryside, wildlife, animal welfare and sustainable

development.

DEFRA

DesDesDesDesign Manual for ign Manual for ign Manual for ign Manual for

Roads and BridgesRoads and BridgesRoads and BridgesRoads and Bridges

A set of documents published by Highways England

that provide a comprehensive manual system which

accommodates all current standards, advice notes

and other published documents relating to the

design, assessment, and operation of trunk roads

(including motorways).

DMRB

Design YearDesign YearDesign YearDesign Year 15 years after the opening year.

DesignerDesignerDesignerDesigner The organisation commissioned to undertake the

various stages of scheme preparation and

supervision of construction. This includes specialist

sub-consultants brought in to advise on specific

areas of assessment and mitigation.

Desire LineDesire LineDesire LineDesire Line Preferred routes for Non-Motorised Users (NMUs),

often representing the shortest or most convenient

route between an origin and destination.

Desirable Desirable Desirable Desirable MMMMitigationitigationitigationitigation A measure considered to be environmentally

beneficial but that cannot usually be achieved using

statutory powers. For example, third party

agreement may be required.

Detailed AssessmentDetailed AssessmentDetailed AssessmentDetailed Assessment Method applied to gain an in-depth appreciation of

the beneficial and adverse consequences of the

project and to inform project decisions. Detailed

Assessments are likely to require detailed field

surveys and/or quantified modelling techniques.

Determination DecisionDetermination DecisionDetermination DecisionDetermination Decision Formal judgement as to whether a project requires

statutory Environmental Impact Assessment or not.


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DoDoDoDo----NothingNothingNothingNothing The ‘Do-Nothing’ forecasting scenario is simply the

existing network without modification in the

Opening / Design Year.

DoDoDoDo----MinimumMinimumMinimumMinimum The ‘Do-Minimum’ forecast scenario in the Opening

/ Design Year is the base road and traffic network

against which alternative improvements can be

assessed. In many cases, the definition of the ‘Do-

Minimum’ is straightforward; it is simply the ‘Do-

Nothing’ scenario. However, one or more of the

following four cases may arise, in which the ‘Do-

Minimum’ differs from the ‘Do-Nothing’: The case

where works will be carried out regardless of

whether or not the ‘Do-Something’ scheme is built.

The case where the existing network may be

improved to form a ‘Do-Minimum’ scheme which

can be tested as an alternative to carrying out major

‘Do-Something’ improvements. The case where

traffic conditions can be improved without

significant capital expenditure. The case where the

area covered by the modelled network includes road

proposals other than the one under immediate

consideration.

DM

DoDoDoDo----SomethingSomethingSomethingSomething The ‘Do-Something’ forecast scenario is the road

proposal under consideration in the Opening /

Design Year.

DS

Driver StressDriver StressDriver StressDriver Stress The adverse mental and physiological effects

experienced by a driver traversing a road network.

EffectEffectEffectEffect Term used to express the consequence of an impact

(expressed as the ‘significance of effect’), which is

determined by correlating the magnitude of the

impact to the importance, or sensitivity, of the

receptor or resource in accordance with defined

significance criteria. For example, land clearing

during construction results in habitat loss (impact),

the effect of which is the significance of the habitat

loss on the ecological resource.

EmissionsEmissionsEmissionsEmissions Mass of a pollutant per time per vehicle at the point

of exhaust and are used as inputs into an air quality

model.

EnhancementEnhancementEnhancementEnhancement A measure that is over and above what is required to

mitigate the adverse effects of a project.

Environment AgencyEnvironment AgencyEnvironment AgencyEnvironment Agency The Environment Agency is responsible for

environmental protection and regulation in England

and plays a central role in implementing the

government’s environmental strategy. The

Environment Agency is the main body responsible

EA


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for managing the regulation of major industry and

waste, treatment of contaminated land, water

quality and resources, fisheries, inland river, estuary

and harbour navigations, and conservation and

ecology. They are also responsible for managing the

risk of flooding from main rivers, reservoirs,

estuaries, and the sea.



A method and a process by which information about

environmental effects is collected, assessed, and

used to inform decision-making. Assessment

processes include Strategic Environmental

Assessment, Assessment of Implications on

European Sites and Environmental Impact

Assessment.

Environmental AssetsEnvironmental AssetsEnvironmental AssetsEnvironmental Assets Environmental features and elements pertaining to

the highway estate.

Environmental Base Environmental Base Environmental Base Environmental Base

YearYearYearYear

An additional traffic model run for either the current

year or previous year for use in environmental

modelling, where the traffic model base year is at

least 2 years before the current year.

Environmental DatabaseEnvironmental DatabaseEnvironmental DatabaseEnvironmental Database The record of environmental assets both within and,

where relevant, adjacent to the highway estate. The

term is used to cover both Highways England

database and the Managing Agency database.

Environmental ElementsEnvironmental ElementsEnvironmental ElementsEnvironmental Elements Non-landscape features of the highway estate that

have environmental functions.

E

Environmental FunctionEnvironmental FunctionEnvironmental FunctionEnvironmental Function The intended purpose of features within the

highway estate in environmental terms.

EF

Environmental Impact Environmental Impact Environmental Impact Environmental Impact


A statutory process by which certain planned

projects musts be assessed before a formal decision

to proceed can be made. Involves the collection and

consideration of environmental information, which

fulfils the assessment requirements of Directive

85/337/EEC (as amended), including the publication

of an Environmental Statement.

EIA



An Environmental Management Plan (EMP) provides

the framework for recording environmental risks,

commitments and other environmental constraints

and clearly identifies the structures and processes

that will be used to manage and control these

aspects. The EMP also seeks to ensure compliance

with relevant environmental legislation, government

policy objectives and scheme specific environmental

objectives. It also provides the mechanism for

monitoring, reviewing and auditing environmental

performance and compliance.

EMP


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ObjectivesObjectivesObjectivesObjectives

Highways England’s objectives for achieving the aims

of their Environmental Strategic Plan.


StatementStatementStatementStatement

Information gathered and submitted to a relevant

competent authority in compliance with EC Directive

97/11 on the environmental effects of a project.

ES

Environmental StrategEnvironmental StrategEnvironmental StrategEnvironmental Strategic ic ic ic

PlanPlanPlanPlan

Highways England’s strategy for achieving

sustainable development within the trunk road and

motorway network in support of the Government’s

integrated transport and land use planning policies.

ESP

Environmentally Environmentally Environmentally Environmentally

Sensitive AreasSensitive AreasSensitive AreasSensitive Areas

Special landscape, wildlife, or historic areas

designated by DEFRA which can be protected or

enhanced by supporting traditional agricultural

practices.

ESAs

Essential mitigationEssential mitigationEssential mitigationEssential mitigation Mitigation which the Overseeing Organisation has

the statutory power to achieve.

European PrEuropean PrEuropean PrEuropean Protected otected otected otected

SpeciesSpeciesSpeciesSpecies

Defined in English legislation as species listed in

Annex IV to the Habitats Directive whose natural

range includes any area in GB.

EPS

EvaluationEvaluationEvaluationEvaluation The determination of the significance of effects.

Evaluation involves making judgements as to the

value of the receptor/resource that is being affected

and the consequences of the effect on the

receptor/resource based on the magnitude of the

impact.

Examining AuthorityExamining AuthorityExamining AuthorityExamining Authority The person(s) appointed by the Secretary of State

(SoS) to assess the DCO application and make a

recommendation to the SoS.

ExA

Farm / Individual Farm / Individual Farm / Individual Farm / Individual Farm Farm Farm Farm

HHHHoldings /oldings /oldings /oldings / Farm Farm Farm Farm

BBBBusinessusinessusinessusiness

An area of land that consists of one or more land

parcels or group of fields that are managed by a

named person or named business entity as an

owner, tenant or in any other commercial

agricultural capacity, for the production of food,

forage or fibre.

Flood Risk AssessmentFlood Risk AssessmentFlood Risk AssessmentFlood Risk Assessment An assessment of the likelihood of flooding in a

particular area so that development needs and

mitigation measures can be carefully considered.

FRA

Free FlowFree FlowFree FlowFree Flow Traffic maintaining a constant driving style without

periods of excessive breaking and acceleration. On

motorways this is for speeds above 50mph.

Forecast (Traffic)Forecast (Traffic)Forecast (Traffic)Forecast (Traffic) A model describing a future set of traffic conditions

e.g. Do-Minimum, Do-Something, etc.

Grade Separated Grade Separated Grade Separated Grade Separated

JunctionJunctionJunctionJunction

Roads crossing the carriageway pass at a different

level, so as not to disrupt the flow of traffic. Slip

roads connect the carriageway to the junction.

Green CorridorGreen CorridorGreen CorridorGreen Corridor A natural area supporting nature conservation and

biodiversity, linking urban habitats to the


15


countryside in addition to providing space for active

sports, gentle recreation and a network of footpaths

and cycle routes. (Adapted from the ABC Local Plan).

Habitat DirectiveHabitat DirectiveHabitat DirectiveHabitat Directive EC Directive on the Conservation of Natural Habitats

and of Wild Flora and Fauna (Habitats Directive

1982) as amended (92/43/EEC).

Handover Handover Handover Handover



The Construction Environmental Management Plan

(CEMP) which is refined at the end of the

construction period and containing essential

environmental information needed by the body

responsible for the future maintenance and

operation of the asset.

HEMP

Heavy Duty VehicleHeavy Duty VehicleHeavy Duty VehicleHeavy Duty Vehiclessss As HGVs with the inclusion of buses and coaches. HDVs

Heavy Goods VehiclesHeavy Goods VehiclesHeavy Goods VehiclesHeavy Goods Vehicles Vehicles over 3.5 tonnes and includes rigid and

articulated lorries.

HGVs

Historic EnglandHistoric EnglandHistoric EnglandHistoric England The public body that looks after England's historic

environment, championing historic places and

helping people understand their value and care for

them.

Historic EnviHistoric EnviHistoric EnviHistoric Environmentronmentronmentronment All aspects of the environment resulting from the

interaction between people and places through

time, including all surviving physical remains of past

human activity, whether visible, buried or

submerged, and landscaped and planted or

managed flora.

Historic Environment Historic Environment Historic Environment Historic Environment

RecordRecordRecordRecord

Holds information on archaeology and the historic

built environment.

HER

ImpactImpactImpactImpact Change that is caused by an action; for example,

land clearing (action) during construction which

results in habitat loss (impact).

Indices Indices Indices Indices of Deprivationof Deprivationof Deprivationof Deprivation Statistics on relative deprivation in small areas in

England.

Interim Advice NotesInterim Advice NotesInterim Advice NotesInterim Advice Notes Advice notes issued by Highways England containing

specific guidance to be used in connection with

works on motorways and trunk roads in England and

to be read together with the DMRB and Manual of

Contract Documents for Highways Works.

IANs

Journey TimeJourney TimeJourney TimeJourney Time The time taken by vehicles or NMUs to complete a

journey between an origin and destination.

LLLLA10A10A10A10 IndexIndexIndexIndex LA10 descriptor is the A-weighted sound pressure

level in dB that is exceeded for 10% of the

measurement period. This is the standard index used

within the UK to describe traffic noise.

LLLLA90A90A90A90 IndexIndexIndexIndex The background noise level is commonly quoted

using the LA90 index. This is the A-weighted sound


16


pressure level in dB that is exceeded for 90% of the

measurement period.

LLLLAeq, TAeq, TAeq, TAeq, T IndexIndexIndexIndex The equivalent continuous level LAeq, T is the level of a

notional steady A-weighted sound, which at a given

position and over a defined period of time (T) would

have the same A-weighted acoustic energy as the

fluctuating noise.

LLLLAmaxAmaxAmaxAmax IndexIndexIndexIndex The maximum A-weighted sound pressure level

measured during a given time period.

LLLLnight, outsidenight, outsidenight, outsidenight, outside IndexIndexIndexIndex Is the equivalent continuous sound level LAeq, 8 hours

for the period 23:00 to 07:00 assessed outside a

dwelling and is free-field. Free-field means a sound

level which is measured or calculated without any

reflections from nearby surfaces.

Landscape ElementLandscape ElementLandscape ElementLandscape Element Landscape features found within the highway estate,

which can encompass both hard landscape features

and elements the soft estate.

LE

Landscape Management Landscape Management Landscape Management Landscape Management

PlanPlanPlanPlan

A plan prepared by the Contractor showing all

landscape features and management proposals for

them.

Local Nature ReserveLocal Nature ReserveLocal Nature ReserveLocal Nature Reserve Nature reserves established and usually managed by

District/Local Authorities.

LNR

Limit ValuesLimit ValuesLimit ValuesLimit Values Limit Values are legally mandated concentrations as

described in the Air Quality Directive and are to be

achieved by the specified date.

Limits of DeviationLimits of DeviationLimits of DeviationLimits of Deviation Area within which the location of works can change LoD

Link SpeedLink SpeedLink SpeedLink Speed The speed on an individual road, nominally defined

between 2 junctions.

Listed BuildingsListed BuildingsListed BuildingsListed Buildings A building which is considered by the Secretary of

State (for Culture, Media and Sport) to be of special

architectural or historic interest in accordance with

the regime set out in the Town and Country Planning

(Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990.

Lowest Observed Lowest Observed Lowest Observed Lowest Observed

Adverse Effect LevelAdverse Effect LevelAdverse Effect LevelAdverse Effect Level

This the level of noise above which adverse effects

on health and quality of life can be detected.

LOAEL

Lower Super Output Lower Super Output Lower Super Output Lower Super Output

AreaAreaAreaArea

Super Output Areas are geographic areas for the

collection and publication of small area statistics.

They are used on the Neighbourhood Statistics site

and across National Statistics. There are currently

two layers of SOA; Lower Layer Super Output Area

(LSOA) and Middle Layer Super Output Area (MSOA).

Managing AgentManaging AgentManaging AgentManaging Agent A person or firm appointed to manage a specific

network or route.

MA

MitigationMitigationMitigationMitigation Measures intended to avoid, reduce and, where

possible, remedy significant adverse environmental

effects.


17


MonitoringMonitoringMonitoringMonitoring A continuing assessment of the performance of the

project, including mitigation measures. This

determines if effects occur as predicted or if

operations remain within acceptable limits, and

if mitigation measures are as effective as

predicted.

Motorway Signage 1Motorway Signage 1Motorway Signage 1Motorway Signage 1 A motorway signal known as ‘Motorway Signal 1’. A

post mounted central reservation matrix, gantry

mounted matrix over each lane, or post mounted

entry slip road matrix. Gantry and entry slip road

signals are capable of displaying mandatory signals.

MS1

Motorway Signage 4Motorway Signage 4Motorway Signage 4Motorway Signage 4 A motorway signal known as ‘Motorway Signal 4’

These are either configured as 2x12 or 4x15

character message signs and are normally cantilever

mounted, they can be configured to include the

ability to display matrix signals and to show

pictograms.

MS4

National Character National Character National Character National Character

AreasAreasAreasAreas

A natural subdivision of England based on a

combination of landscape, biodiversity, geodiversity

and economic activity. The NCAs are defined by

Natural England, the UK government’s advisors on

the natural environment.

NCAs

National Nature ReserveNational Nature ReserveNational Nature ReserveNational Nature Reserve Sites owned or leased and managed by Natural

England and established under the National Parks

and Access to the Countryside Act 1949.

NNR

National Planning Policy National Planning Policy National Planning Policy National Planning Policy

FrameworkFrameworkFrameworkFramework

Sets out the Government’s planning policies for

England.

NPPF

National Planning Policy National Planning Policy National Planning Policy National Planning Policy

GuidanceGuidanceGuidanceGuidance

Guidance relating to the National Planning Policy

Framework.

NPPG

Nationally Significant Nationally Significant Nationally Significant Nationally Significant

Infrastructure ProjectInfrastructure ProjectInfrastructure ProjectInfrastructure Project

Nationally Significant Infrastructure Project, further

defined within section one of the Case for the

Scheme.

NSIP

Native PlantingNative PlantingNative PlantingNative Planting Planting containing species native to the British Isles

including, where appropriate, naturalised or

introduced species such as Sycamore.

Natural EnglandNatural EnglandNatural EnglandNatural England Natural England are responsible for: Helping land

managers and farmers protect wildlife and

landscapes; Advising on the protection of the marine

environment in inshore waters (0 to 12 nautical

miles); Improving public access to the coastline.

Managing 140 National Nature Reserves and

supporting National Trails; Providing planning advice

and wildlife licences through the planning system;

Managing programmes that help restore or recreate

wildlife habitats; Conserving and enhancing the

NE


18


landscape; Providing evidence to help make

decisions affecting the natural environment.

Nature ConservationNature ConservationNature ConservationNature Conservation The conservation of habitats and species which are

endangered and/or declining. Usually includes the

protection through legislation or designation of

species, habitats, and sites of nature conservation

importance.

New Approach to New Approach to New Approach to New Approach to

AppraisalAppraisalAppraisalAppraisal

A framework to appraise and inform the

prioritisation of new trunk road investment

proposals. The approach includes identification and

assessment of problems, as well as the identification

of options.

NATA

Nitrate Sensitive AreaNitrate Sensitive AreaNitrate Sensitive AreaNitrate Sensitive Area Groundwater resources that can yield viable drinking

water if agricultural practices are sustainable.

NSA

NONONONO2222 Nitrogen Dioxide.

NONONONOxxxx Oxides of Nitrogen – which encompasses all nitrogen

species although mainly NO and NO2.

Node PointNode PointNode PointNode Point A traffic model network is made up of nodes and

links. A Node Point is inserted where there is a

change to a link, for example at a junction, merge,

diverge or pelican crossing .

NonNonNonNon----Motorised UserMotorised UserMotorised UserMotorised User Pedestrians, cyclists, equestrians (the term non-

motorised users is often shortened to NMUs).

NMU

NonNonNonNon----Technical SummaryTechnical SummaryTechnical SummaryTechnical Summary Information for the non-specialist reader to enable

them to understand the main predicted

environmental effects of the proposal without

reference to the main Environmental Statement.

NTS

Online WideningOnline WideningOnline WideningOnline Widening The widening of an existing carriageway, making use

of temporary traffic management measures to

segregate construction activity and ongoing traffic

movement.

Opening YearOpening YearOpening YearOpening Year The estimated year that the scheme would become

operational.

Open SpaceOpen SpaceOpen SpaceOpen Space Any land laid out as a public garden, or used for the

purposes of public recreation, or land being a

disused burial ground

OperationOperationOperationOperation The functioning of a project on completion of

construction.

Outline Construction Outline Construction Outline Construction Outline Construction


ManageManageManageManagement Planment Planment Planment Plan

A CEMP at outline stage which will later be refined

and expanded into a full CEMP as more information

becomes available and there is more certainty in

terms of the proposed layout, construction methods,

programme and the likely environmental effects.

Outline

CEMP/OCEMP

Overseeing OrganisationOverseeing OrganisationOverseeing OrganisationOverseeing Organisation The organisation responsible for the project i.e.,

Highways England (an agency of the Department for

Transport); Transport Wales (part of the Welsh


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Assembly Government); Transport Scotland (an

agency of the Scottish Government); or in Northen

Ireland, the Roads Agency of the Department for

Regional Development.

Peak PeriodPeak PeriodPeak PeriodPeak Period The period representing a specific time of the day

associated with a particular driving experience and

associated traffic characteristics. For the purpose of

air quality the peak periods cover 4 times of the

weekday and weekend:

AM (7:00 – 10:00): morning rush hour and

commute.

IP (10:00 – 16:00): day time traffic.

PM (16:00 – 19:00): evening rush hours and

commute.

OP (19:00 – 7:00): overnight traffic.

PlanPlanPlanPlan A document setting out the intention or intentions

of the Overseeing Organisation.

Planning and Policy Planning and Policy Planning and Policy Planning and Policy

FeatureFeatureFeatureFeature

Features pertaining to, or situated in close proximity

to, the highway estate that have a specific

designation or land use.

Planning Policy Planning Policy Planning Policy Planning Policy


Notes provided by the Government to provide

guidance for various components of development

projects.

PPG

PMPMPMPM10101010 Particulate matter with a diameter of 10 microns or

less.

Preferred optionPreferred optionPreferred optionPreferred option The chosen design option that most successfully

achieves the project objectives and becomes subject

to further design and assessment.

ProgrammeProgrammeProgrammeProgramme A series of steps that have been identified by the

Overseeing Organisation, or series of projects that

are linked by dependency.

ProjectProjectProjectProject One, or more, aspect of a programme or plan that

has been identified by the Overseeing Organisation

and which usually involves a direct physical

intervention.

Project BriefProject BriefProject BriefProject Brief Defines the objective of the whole project and is the

basis for the project design. The Project Brief is

issued to the Overseeing Organisation by the

Executive Agency of the Department for Transport;

the Welsh Assembly Government; the Scottish

Government; or, the Northern Ireland Department

for Regional Development.

Project ManagerProject ManagerProject ManagerProject Manager Highways England staff member responsible for

managing a specific project, area, or contract.


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Project OProject OProject OProject Objectivesbjectivesbjectivesbjectives The objectives of the project, set by the Overseeing

Organisation and including those set out in the

Project Brief.

Public Rights of WayPublic Rights of WayPublic Rights of WayPublic Rights of Way Paths on which the public have a legally protected

right to pass and re-pass.

PRoW

QueueQueueQueueQueue Stationary traffic either along a section of road or at

a junction. The length and duration of any queuing

traffic is likely to vary over the peak periods and for

each road link.

Q NodeQ NodeQ NodeQ Node To model delays to mainline traffic at a merge a

dummy ‘Q’ node is inserted downstream of the

merge (up to 2 km).

Ramsar SiteRamsar SiteRamsar SiteRamsar Site Wetland of international importance, designated for

its waterfowl, plant and/or animal communities.

ReceptorReceptorReceptorReceptor A defined individual environmental feature that has

the potential to be affected by a project.

Regional Development Regional Development Regional Development Regional Development

AgencyAgencyAgencyAgency

English agencies set up to encourage regional

economic and business development.

RDA

Regional Planning Regional Planning Regional Planning Regional Planning

ConferenceConferenceConferenceConference

A group of local authorities working in partnership

with the English Government Offices for the

Regional Development Agencies to prepare and

consult on Regional Planning Guidance.

RPC

Regional Planning Regional Planning Regional Planning Regional Planning


English planning guidance drawn up by Regional

Planning Conferences to provide a framework for

the preparation of development plans by local

planning authorities.

RPG

Registered Park and Registered Park and Registered Park and Registered Park and

GardenGardenGardenGarden

A park or garden that has been registered under

Historic England’s 'Register of Historic Parks and

Gardens of special historic interest in England' due

to its high level of historic interest.

ResourceResourceResourceResource A defined but generally collective environmental

feature usually associated with soil, water, air,

climatic factors, landscape, material assets, including

the architectural and archaeological heritage, that

has potential to be affected by a project.

River Quality ObjectiveRiver Quality ObjectiveRiver Quality ObjectiveRiver Quality Objective The level of water quality that a river should achieve

in order for it to be suitable for its agreed uses.

RQO

Roadside Nature Roadside Nature Roadside Nature Roadside Nature

ReserveReserveReserveReserve

Roadside verges, which have been specially

designated because they contain a scarce or

declining habitat such as, ancient woodland or chalk

grassland.

RNR

Route Management Route Management Route Management Route Management

StrategyStrategyStrategyStrategy

A long-term plan prepared for Highways England

defining strategic objectives for a route and

identifying improvements or modifications required

to achieve them


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Route ManagerRoute ManagerRoute ManagerRoute Manager Highways England Customer Services staff member

responsible for a specific route within the network.

SATURNSATURNSATURNSATURN Highway traffic assignment software suite

Scheduled AncientScheduled AncientScheduled AncientScheduled Ancient

MonumentMonumentMonumentMonument

A historic building or site that is included in the

‘Schedule of Monuments’ kept by the Secretary of

State for Culture, Media and Sport under the regime

set out in the Ancient Monuments and

Archaeological Areas Act 1979.

SAM

Scheme MasterplanScheme MasterplanScheme MasterplanScheme Masterplan A drawing at an appropriate scale illustrating the

scheme proposals and the environmental mitigation

proposals.

ScopingScopingScopingScoping The process of identifying the issues to be addressed

by the EIA process. It is a method of ensuring that an

assessment focuses on the important issues and

avoids those that are considered to be not

significant.

ScreeningScreeningScreeningScreening The formal process undertaken to determine

whether it is necessary to carry out a statutory EIA

and publish an Environmental Statement in

accordance with the EIA Regulations.

Significant Observed Significant Observed Significant Observed Significant Observed

Adverse Effect LevelAdverse Effect LevelAdverse Effect LevelAdverse Effect Level

This is the level of noise above which significant

adverse effects on health and quality of life occur.

SOAEL

Site of Special Scientific Site of Special Scientific Site of Special Scientific Site of Special Scientific

InterestInterestInterestInterest

A conservation designation denoting a protected

area in the United Kingdom, designated due to

special interest in its flora, fauna, geological or

physiographical features. They are protected by law

to conserve their wildlife or geology.

SSSI

Site Waste Management Site Waste Management Site Waste Management Site Waste Management

PlanPlanPlanPlan

A plan encouraging the effective management of

materials, ensuring waste is considered at all stages

of a project - from design through to completion.

Although no longer a regulatory requirement in

England, SWMPs are still considered to be good

practice.

SWMP

Soft EstateSoft EstateSoft EstateSoft Estate A standard highway term for areas of the highway

network which are not used for the highway or

infrastructure. It is essentially the landscape within

the highway boundary.

Special Areas of Special Areas of Special Areas of Special Areas of

ConservationConservationConservationConservation

Conservation areas designated under the EC

Habitats Directive.

SAC

SpecialSpecialSpecialSpecial Landscape AreaLandscape AreaLandscape AreaLandscape Area Areas of special landscape value designated by the

County Council.

SLA

Special Protection AreaSpecial Protection AreaSpecial Protection AreaSpecial Protection Area Sites identified under the EC Directive for the

Conservation of Wild Birds.

SPA

StakeholderStakeholderStakeholderStakeholder An organisation or individual with a particular

interest in the project.

STATS19STATS19STATS19STATS19 National Road Collision Data


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Statutory Environmental Statutory Environmental Statutory Environmental Statutory Environmental

BodiesBodiesBodiesBodies

In England and Wales, “statutory environmental

bodies” means:

• Any principal council as defined in

subsection (1) of section 270 of the Local

Government Act 1982 for the area where

the land is situated;

• Where the land is situated in England;

Natural England and English Heritage, and

the Countryside Council for Wales and the

National Assembly for Wales where, in the

opinion of the Secretary of State, the land is

sufficiently near to Wales to be of interest to

them;

• Where the land is situated in Wales; the

Countryside Council for Wales, and Natural

England and English Heritage where, in the

opinion of the National Assembly for Wales,

the land is sufficiently near to England to be

of interest to the organisation;

• The Environment Agency; and

• Any other public authority which has

environmental responsibilities and which the

Secretary of State or the National Assembly

for Wales considers likely to have an interest

in the project.

SEBs

Strategic Environmental Strategic Environmental Strategic Environmental Strategic Environmental


A formal, systematic, and comprehensive process for

assessing the environmental effects of a proposed

plan or programme, or additionally in Scotland and

Wales, strategies, in accordance with the SEA

Regulations.

SEA

Study areaStudy areaStudy areaStudy area The spatial area within which environmental effects

are assessed (i.e. extending a distance from the

project footprint in which significant environmental

effects are anticipated to occur). This may vary

between the topic areas.

Sustainable Sustainable Sustainable Sustainable

DevelopmentDevelopmentDevelopmentDevelopment

The concept encompassing development which

meets the needs of the present generation without

compromising the needs of future generations.

TEMProTEMProTEMProTEMPro Trip Ends Model Presentation Programme Software

The ApplicantThe ApplicantThe ApplicantThe Applicant Highways England, in its capacity as Strategic Roads

Company.


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The GEH statisticThe GEH statisticThe GEH statisticThe GEH statistic The GEH statistic is used to represent goodness-of-fit

of a model. The GEH formula is named after its

inventor, Geoffrey E. Havers.

GEH

The SchemeThe SchemeThe SchemeThe Scheme The M20 Junction 10a scheme.

ToolkitToolkitToolkitToolkit A series of specific initiatives and methodologies

developed by Highways England to be applied to

appropriate problems or locations in order to

achieve improvements.

Topic reportTopic reportTopic reportTopic report Document produced to report the findings of the EIA

of an individual topic area that may or may not

contain raw data.

TRADSTRADSTRADSTRADS Highways England Traffic Flow Data System

Trans European Trans European Trans European Trans European

Transport NetworkTransport NetworkTransport NetworkTransport Network

A network of roads identified by the European Union

as key to the efficient operation of businesses across

and within country borders.

Tree Preservation Tree Preservation Tree Preservation Tree Preservation

OrdersOrdersOrdersOrders

An order issued by a local authority to protect trees

from unlawful damage or destruction.

TPOs

Trip MatricesTrip MatricesTrip MatricesTrip Matrices The traffic modelled area is sub divided into zones to

reflect the various types of trip generators within the

model area i.e. residential, business. The journeys

between these zones form a trip matrix. There will

be different trip matrices for the different time

periods, user classes, journey purposes and forecast

years.

Unitary Development Unitary Development Unitary Development Unitary Development

PlanPlanPlanPlan

A form of development plan for local authority areas

that contains policies equivalent to those in both a

structure plan and local plan.

UDP

VISSIMVISSIMVISSIMVISSIM Microscopic multi-modal traffic flow simulation

software package.

WebTAGWebTAGWebTAGWebTAG Web based Traffic Appraisal Guidance

Written SchemWritten SchemWritten SchemWritten Scheme of e of e of e of

InvestigationInvestigationInvestigationInvestigation

A method statement for archaeological works for a

site.

WSI

Zone of Zone of Zone of Zone of Visual Visual Visual Visual InfluenceInfluenceInfluenceInfluence The Zone of Visual Influence (ZVI) also known as the

Zone of Theoretical Visibility (ZTV) is a computer-

generated tool to identify the likely (or theoretical)

extent of visibility of a development.

ZVI

Zone of Theoretical Zone of Theoretical Zone of Theoretical Zone of Theoretical

VisibilityVisibilityVisibilityVisibility

A Zone of Theoretical Visibility (ZTV) also known as a

Zone of Visual Influence (ZVI) is a computer-

generated tool to identify the likely (or theoretical)

extent of visibility of a development.

ZTV