Theory of Machines

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An awareness of the way machines operate is fundamental to nearly allengineering courses. Students need to understand the principles ofgears, cams, vibration and so on to give them a solid foundation of

knowledge about mechanical system behaviour. This knowledge will serve themthroughout their academic and future engineering careers.

TQ offers an outstanding selection of quality products to teach the principles andtheory of machines. The strong designs clearly demonstrate a comprehensiverange of basic and advanced principles used throughout engineering.

For maximum teaching efficiency, you’ll find the equipment is equally effectivewhether it’s used for classroom demonstrations, by students on their own or ingroups. This versatility is a great benefit when teaching different academiclevels. It’s easy to show basic principles to groups of students, while, for moreadvanced investigations, the straightforward controls, instrumentation andbuilt-in safety allow students to progress through experiments with theminimum of supervision.

With all products in this range, the designs focus on student learning andunderstanding. Operation is kept simple and all equipment needs only minimalinstallation and maintenance. This keeps running costs low and makes efficientuse of staff and student time.

All TQ equipment is built to exceptionally high safety standards. Even thoughsome of this range includes fast moving parts, our designers have developedingenious ways to make the equipment completely safe to use withoutcompromising its educational value. This all adds to the world-class status of TQ designs.

• TQ Education and Training Ltd • Bonsall Street • Long Eaton • Nottingham NG10 2AN • England

• T +44 115 972 2611 • F +44 115 973 1520 • E info@tq.com • W www.tq.com

• TQ is an ISO 9001 certified company and an Investor in People

• Integrated Learning Solutions

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Universal Vibration ApparatusFor a complete range of vibration experiments. The equipmentquickly and easily assembles on a mobile frame, which includes astorage cupboard and worktop. Ideal for group work, projects orclassroom demonstrations. The equipment is available as acomprehensive system (Universal Vibration Apparatus TM16)including all modules (TM16a to TM16p), or alternatively TQ cansupply the basic frame (TM16a) and modules individually.

Vibration experiments include:

Pendulum Experiments For simple and compound pendulums, centre ofpercussion and bifilar suspension experiments.

Mass-Spring Three varying open helical springs, loaded by variousmasses, which vibrate vertically. Measurements includeperiodic time and deflection.

Free and Forced Vibrations A beam pivots at one end, a spring supports it at theother. A pen at the free end traces vibrations sostudents can measure amplitude and frequency. TheExciter Motor and Speed Control unit (TM16f) allowsforced vibration investigations. Students can also varythe degree of damping.

Lateral Vibrations A beam pivots at one end, a bracket supports it at theother. This gives free lateral movement of the beam.For use with the Exciter Motor and Speed Control unit (TM16f)for lateral vibration experiments.

Undamped Vibration Absorber A central block carrying two spring steel cantilevers with steelmasses. Students adjust the masses along the cantilevers duringvibration to tune the system, transmitting all vibrations to theabsorber.

Free Torsional Vibrations For experiments on undamped torsional vibration of shafts. Aheavy steel flywheel provides adjustable vibrating inertia.

Damped Torsional Vibrations For experiments on damped torsional vibration of various shaftsusing a heavy steel flywheel. Lets students record a permanentamplitude against time chart of vibration.

Universal Vibration Apparatus (includes frame and all modules) TM16

Geared Systems TM18

Basic Frame TM16aPendulum Experiments TM16bMass Spring System TM16cFree and Forced Vibrations TM16dLateral Vibrations TM16eExciter Motor and Speed Control TM16fUndamped Vibration Absorber TM16gFree Torsional Oscillation TM16h/iDamped Torsional Oscillation TM16k

Geared Systems Robust, bench-mounting apparatus which allows studentsto safely perform a comprehensive range of experimentson geared systems. Students can practically investigate avariety of simple and compound gear trains. They can fullyanalyse each system, including the dynamic mechanicalefficiency and comparison of theoretical andexperimentally determined mass moments of inertia.

TM16a frame withTM16d mounted

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Governors Apparatus TM127

Cam Analysis Machine TM21

Gyroscope Apparatus An educational gyroscope to demonstrate the relationshipbetween gyroscopic torque, rotor speed and the rate ofprecession. Students can find out experimentally themoment of inertia of the gyroscope rotor and motorarmature. Fully guarded and interlocked for safety.

Centrifugal Force Apparatus TM105

Centrifugal Force Apparatus Displays the relationship between centrifugal force, massof a rotating body, distance from the axis and its angularvelocity. Fully guarded and interlocked for safety.

GovernorsApparatus Three interchangeable governors (Hartnell, Porter andProell) which show the effects of speed, mass and geometry on governor behaviour. Fully guarded andinterlocked for safety.

Cam Analysis Machine For practical study of the dynamic behaviour ofvarious cams and followers. Students can predictlift by analysing pen recorder traces and derivevelocities and accelerations for the follower.Clearly shows ‘follower bounce’, and is fullyguarded and interlocked for safety.

Gyroscope Apparatus TM104

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Balancing of Reciprocating Masses TM22

Balancing of ReciprocatingMasses A model engine on a spring showing primary or secondaryforces and couples. An oscilloscope (available separately) allowsstudents to look at waveforms and perform Fourier analysis.Students can also vary weights on one or more of the pistonsand crank handle.

Journal Bearing Demonstration TM25

Journal Bearing Demonstration Visually effective apparatus allowing students to examinejournal bearing performance in various test conditions. Showsoil film thickness, provides an amplified pressure profile anddemonstrates critical bearing whirl.

Whirling of Shafts TM1

Whirling of Shafts Consists of a shaft which takes up the natural whirlingphenomenon predicted by simple elastic theory. Students caninvestigate various modes of whirl for loaded and unloadedshafts of varying dimensions and with fixed or free ends.Guarded and interlocked for safety.

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Static and Dynamic Balancing TM102

Power Supply E66

Static and DynamicBalancingFor balancing a rotating mass system and verifying methodsof calculation, including independent analysis of static anddynamic balancing. Guarded and interlocked for safety.

Electronic Tachometer E64

Electronic Tachometer For rotational speed measurement on the Whirling of Shafts(TM1), Gyroscope (TM104), Centrifugal Force (TM105) andGovernors Apparatus (TM127). Powered from a low voltagesupply or a mains supply.

Power Supply Supplies a 12 volt d.c. 10 ampere output from a mains input.For use with the Static and Dynamic Balancing apparatus(TM102). Also for use with equipment from TQ’s ElectricalEngineering Principles range.

Speed Control Unit E67

Speed Control UnitFor use with the Gyroscope (TM104), Centrifugal Force(TM105) and Governors Apparatus (TM127) to control thespeed of their d.c. motors.

Stroboscope ST1

StroboscopeAccurate stroboscope for use with TQ’s Whirling of Shafts(TM1), Universal Vibration Apparatus (TM16), Balancing ofReciprocating Masses (TM22) and Journal BearingDemonstration (TM25). Also for general laboratory use.Displays flash rate in flashes per minute, Hertz, or milliseconds.

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Universal Mechanisms Kit RE300U

Universal Mechanisms KitHigh-quality, robust apparatus for clear, practical and cost-effective teaching of a full range of fundamental mechanicalprinciples. Applies to many introductory to intermediateengineering courses, including design and technology,engineering and mechanical science, and manufacturing. TheUniversal Mechanisms Kit consists of the whole range ofexperiments possible with this equipment and includescomprehensive instructions for a wide selection ofexperiments. The experiments are also available individually, oras packages (such as the Junior Mechanisms Kit or Statics Kit),for specific topic areas.

Junior Mechanisms Kit RE300J

Junior Mechanisms KitHigh-quality, robust apparatus for clear, practical and cost-effective teaching of fundamental mechanical principles. Foruse with many introductory engineering courses, such asdesign and technology, engineering and mechanical science.Includes comprehensive experiment instructions.

Centrifugal force, crank/slider

Geneva, ratchet and other mechanisms

Belts, chains and gears Friction on inclined plane

Pulleys and chain block

See also mechanisms products in the TASK range.

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Mounting Board and Brackets RE300/BOARDMounting Panel RE300/IFriction on an Inclined Plane Kit RE300/FRICTBelts and Gears Kit RE300/GEARScrew Jack RE300/M1Wedge RE300/M2Cam and Roller RE300/M3Geneva Motion RE300/M4Ratchet Mechanism RE300/M5Scotch Yoke RE300/M6Universal Coupling RE300/M7Quick Return Mechanism RE300/M9Crank Motion/Toggle RE300/M8Mechanisms Package RE300/MECHPotential and Kinetic Energy Kit RE300/PKEPulleys and Lifting Devices RE300/PULLEYStatics Kit RE300/STATIC

Mounting Board and BracketsSupports experiments in the Universal Mechanisms Kit (RE300U)and the Junior Mechanisms Kit (RE300J).

Mounting PanelFor mounting the experiments from TQ’s RE300 range.

Friction on an Inclined Plane KitFor a variety of experiments to introduce students to theconcept and principles of friction.

Belts and GearsAllow investigations of the working principles of both belt andgear drives.

Screw JackAn apparatus to allow investigation of the working principles ofa simple screw jack lifting device.

WedgeFor practical illustration of the working principles of a wedge.

Cam and RollerSimple hand-operated apparatus to demonstrate the action ofcams and followers.

Geneva MotionDemonstrates how the Geneva mechanism converts uniformcircular motion into intermittent indexed motion withaccurately locked location of the driven member.

Ratchet MechanismAllows students to investigate the principles, operation andapplications of a ratchet mechanism.

Scotch Yoke Demonstrates the conversion of circular to straight linereciprocating motion in a Scotch yoke mechanism.

Universal CouplingDemonstrates power transmission through shafts at an angle.

Quick Return MechanismClearly illustrates a quick return mechanism.

Crank Motion/ToggleLink mechanism to clearly illustrate crank motion and toggleaction.

Mechanisms PackageHigh-quality, robust apparatus for clear, practical and cost-effective teaching of the working principles of the screw jack,wedge, cam and roller, Geneva mechanism, ratchet, Scotchyoke, universal coupling, toggle, quick return mechanism andcentrifugal force.

Potential and Kinetic Energy KitIntroduces the concepts of potential and kinetic energy usinga spring balance, simple pendulum, the interchange ofpotential and kinetic energy, the flywheel and a simple crank.

Pulleys and Lifting DevicesShows the working principles of simple pulleys, pulley blocks,differential wheel and axle, and the Weston differential chainblock.

Statics KitFor introducing students to fundamental mechanical scienceprinciples, including centres of gravity, triangle of forces,parallelogram of forces, polygon of forces, principle ofmoments, beam balance, levers and beam reaction forces.

Beam forces Triangle of forces