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The Toyota Corolla is one of a line ofsubcompactandcompact
carsmanufactured by
theJapaneseautomakerToyota, which has become very popular
throughout the world since the
nameplate was first introduced in 1966. In 1997, the Corolla
became thebest selling nameplate in the
world, surpassing theVolkswagen Beetle.[2]
Over 39 million Corollas have been sold as of 2012 .[3]
The
series has undergone several major redesigns.
The name"corolla"is part of Toyota's naming tradition of using
the nameCrownfor primary models. The
Corolla has always been exclusive in Japan toToyota Corolla
Storelocations, and manufactured in
Japan with a twin, called theToyota Sprinteruntil 2000.
Early models were mostlyrear-wheel drive, while later models
have beenfront-wheel drivebased. Its
traditional competitors have been theNissan Sunny, introduced
the same year as the Corolla in Japan
and the laterHonda Civic. The Corolla's chassis designation code
is "E", as described in Toyota's chassis
and engine codes.
Using the Corolla chassis
2003 Corolla RunX.
In Japan, the Corolla has always been exclusive to Japanese
retail sales chain called Toyota Corolla
Store, which was previously established in 1961, called Toyota
Public Store, selling theToyota Publica.
Abadge engineeredversion called theSprinterwas introduced around
the same time as the Corolla in
Japan, and sold at a different Toyota Japan dealership sales
channel called in 1966 Toyota Auto Store.
There have also been several models over the years, including
the Corolla Ceres(and similar Sprinter
Marino) hardtop,Corolla LevinandSprinter Truenosports coups and
hatchbacks, and the Corolla FX
hatchback, which became the Corolla RunX, while
theSprinterbecame theAllex, with the introduction
of the ZZE128 Corolla. The RunX and Allex was replaced by the
Aurisin 2006 (known only as Corolla in
markets outside of Japan). A luxury version of the Auris
installed with V6 engines was briefly sold at
Japanese Toyota dealerships Toyota Store and Toyopet Store
locations as theBlade, which was
discontinued in 2012.
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Acompact MPVnamed the Corolla Verso has also been released in
European markets. Its Japanese
counterpart is theCorolla Spacio, which has been discontinued as
of the 10th generation. The Corolla
Rumionis also sold in the US-market as theScion xB.
TheCorolla Matrix, better known just as the Matrix, shares the
E120 and E140 platforms, and is
considered the hatchback/sport wagoncounterpart of the North
American Corolla sedan, as the
European/Australasian Corolla hatchback is not sold there.
Toyota frequently combines the sales figures
of the Corolla sedan and Matrix. ThePontiac Vibe, which is
theGeneral Motorsbadged version of the
Matrix, also shares the Corolla platform. The Pontiac Vibe was
exported from Fremont, California to the
Japanese market where it was sold as the Toyota Voltz.[6]
Over many years, there have beenrebadgedversions of the Corolla,
sold byGeneral Motors, including
the 1980s'Holden NovaofAustralia, and the
Sprinter-basedChevrolet Nova,Chevrolet Prizm, andGeo
Prizm(in the United States). The Corolla liftback (TE72)
ofToyota Australiawas badged as simply theT-
18. The five-door liftback was sold with the Corolla Seca name
in Australia and the nameplate survived
on successive five-door models.
TheDaihatsu Charmantwas produced with the E30 through E70
series.[edit]Using the Corolla name
TheTercelwas a front wheel drive car, first introduced in 1980
at Japanese Toyota dealerships
called Toyota Corolla Store, and was called the Corolla Tercel
then, and later given its own name in
1984. The Tercel platform was also used for theCorolla
IIhatchback in Japan.
[edit]History
In May 1970, the E20 was restyled with a more rounded body and
the 1400 cc T and 1600 cc
2TOHVengines were added to the range. The now mutually exclusive
Corolla and Sprinter names were
used to differentiate between two slightly different treatments
of sheet metal and trim. The Corolla Levin
and Sprinter Trueno names were introduced as the enhanced
performance version of the Corolla andSprinter respectively when
adouble overhead camshaftversion of the2Tengine was introduced in
March
1972 (TE27).
In Australia, only the 3K powered 2 door KE20 was available as
Sedan and Wagon / Panelvan. The
brakes were single system with no booster, solid discs on the
front and rear drums. Front sway bar but no
rear sway bar. Parts are not compatible with later models.
In NZ, 4 door KE20 was available.
[edit]Third generation (E30, E40, E50, E60)
Main article:Toyota Corolla (E30)
Third-generation Toyota Corolla
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April 1974 brought rounder, bigger and heavier Corollas and
Sprinters. The range was rounded out with
the addition of a two-doorliftback. The Corollas were given E30
codes while the Sprinters were given E40
codes. A face-lift in March 1976 saw most Corolla E30 models
replaced by equivalent E50 models and
most Sprinter E40 models were replaced by equivalent E60 models.
The E30 Corolla was fitted with
retracting front seat belts.
In Australia, KE3x was available as 4 door sedan, 2 door sedan,
2 door panlevan (KE36) and 4 door
wagon (KE38). All had 3K engines and K40 manual gearbox or 3
speed Auto. Sprinters were not
available. Later KE5x models were available as 4 door sedan or 2
door coupe (A true pillarless design)
with 4K engine. The KE55 was 50 kg heavier due to the addition
of side impract protection in the doors,
but due to a change in the body metal and seam sealing they are
prone to rust. Later KE55 also used
plastic ended bumper bars as apposed to the all chrome bumpers
of the previous models, but included a
rear sway bar for the first time.
[edit]Fourth generation (E70)
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