Toy Ship Assembly

7/29/2019 Toy Ship Assembly

1/31

By group 5

Angelica Agacita

Fruilene Isabel Panes

Lanmark Mabasa

Ian Nilo Andales


2/31

At the end of the activity the students are expected

to:

Apply the concept ofhand and motion economy as

well as the use oftherbligs in the studyAnalyze every step in the ship assembly process

Make an effective data sheet

Make use ofstopwatch time study


3/31

Toy ships

stopwatch


4/31

Make a data sheet containing left and right hand

chart, therbligs, and time of assembly including the

descriptions of every motion of the worker.

Prepare the parts of toy ship to be assembled.

Assign a worker to perform the experiment (the

toy assembly).


5/31

While the worker performs, do the time study andrecord the motions of the worker.

Fill the data sheet with the information gathered.

Compute the units that a worker can finish on a

day(8hrs).

Publish the results.


6/31

In using the left-right hand chart, it is very important to

take note every motion involve and take considerations

that these are operations. But there are some activities

that are not taken to account into the chart because these

types of operations might not be done by the same

operator(Aft, 2000).


7/31

There are different definitions of left-hand/right hand chart given by

varieties of authors in Methods Engineering. This chart is one on

which the motions made by one hand in relation to those made by

the other hand are recorded using standard process chart symbols

(Aft, 2000).

Left-hand/right-hand chart is for one operator only, treating each

hand as an activity; each hands activity is broken into elements and

is plotted to the column adjacent to the other hand (Meyers, 2002).

The principal purpose of the chart is to assist in finding a better way

of performing the task (Barnes).


8/31

Throughout the operations taken, the charts or set of data taken can

be used to improve productivity. There are factors or classification

as well, to be considered in the process of improving the

productivity of the worker. These are the use of the human body,

workplace arrangement and the design of tools and equipment.

The human body deals with the effectively use of the physical

attributes when it is required in a production situation. The second

factor deals with the most effective layout of the working area.

Lastly, the third classification deals with the appropriate design of

equipment for the ease of operation by the operator.


9/31

An ideal worker in the workstation must be productive as to

keeping a sufficient amount of work. There must not be an

idle time at all and everything has to be balance, the starting

and stopping times of the hands (based from Principle 2 of

motion economy principles). The motion of the hands has to

be fast and follows smoothly to the rhythm of the prescribed

method. The more identifiable the rhythm is, the easier the job

would be in harnessing the feeling and make the job more

productive.


10/31

Stopwatch time study was the first technique used to set

engineering time standards. However, Meyers (2002)

stressed that stopwatch time study may not be the best

technique for setting a particular time standards, but it may

be the agreed-on method to be used.


11/31

In measuring the time standard, you must take the step-

by-step procedure.1. select the job to study

2. Collect information about the job

3. Divide the job into elements

4. Do the actual time study

5. Extend the time study

6. Determine the number of cycles to be timed

7. Rate, level and normalize the operators performance

8. Apply allowances

9. Check for logic

10. Publish the time standard


12/31

One important attributes that a time study

technician must have is the positive attitude

towards using stopwatch, making allowances,

rating the performance, communicating to the

operator and setting the time standards.


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element 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Inserttop

base to

2nd

base

2.00 2.05 1.72 1.66 1.72 1.86 1.61 1.67 1.60 1.64

Insert

top-2nd

base to

the 1st

base

2.10 2.59 1.92 1.99 1.90 2.02 2.04 1.83 2.58 1.33

*the time is in sec


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SKILL (B1) 0.11

EFFORT (C1) 0.05

CONDITION (C) 0.02

CONSISTENCY (C) 0.01

TOTAL 0.19 or 19 %

100 % + 19 % = 119 %


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FATIGUE 480 seconds or 8 mins

PERSONAL 480 seconds or 8 mins

DELAY 480 seconds or 8 mins

ALLOWANCES IN % = (24 min / 480) x 100 % = 5 %


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TOTAL NORMAL TIME = 2.09 + 2. 42 = 4.5 seconds


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Total Mean (X)Range

(R)R/X

Normal

Time

Total

Normal

Time

Standard

Time

Output

Per Day

17.53 1.753 .45 .28 2.09

4.5 4.746076

Units

20.30 2.03 .76 .37 2.42


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20/31

Simo chart

LEFT THERBLIGS THERBLIGS RIGHT

DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION

reach for the second base TE TE reach for the top base

grasp the second base G G grasp the top base

carry the second base TL TL carry the top base

assemble the 2nd base to the top base A A assemble the top base second base

reach for the first base TE

Hhold the assembled parts

grasp the first base G

carry the first base TL

assemble the first base to the assembled parts A A assemble the parts


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reach for the second base TE TL Carry the toy to the bin

grasp the second base G RL Drop the toy ship

carry the second base TL TE Reach for the base

hold the 2nd base H

G Grasp the top base

TL Carry the top base

Assemble the second base to the top base A Aassemble the top base to the second

base

Reach for the first base TE

H Hold the assembled partsGrasp the first base G

Carry the first base TL

Assemble the first base to the assembled parts A A Assemble the parts


22/31

reach for the second base TE TL Carry the toy to the bin

grasp the second base G RL Drop the toy ship

carry the second base TL TE Reach for the base

hold the second base H

G Grasp the top base

TL Carry the top base

Assemble the second base to the top base A Aassemble the top base to the second

base

Reach for the first base TE

H Hold the assembled partsGrasp the first base G

Carry the first base TL

Assemble the first base to the assembled parts A A Assemble the parts


23/31

Therbligs Left Hand Right Hand

TE 6 3

G 6 3

TL 6 5

A 6 6

H 2 3


24/31

PRINCIPLE 3: motion of the arms should be made in

opposite and symmetrical directions and should be

made simultaneously.,

The two hands were able to complete the task and

its use were made effectively. It can be seen from

the simo chart that the hands were functioning

and the task were divided.


25/31

PRINCIPLE 8: work should be arranged to permit easy and

natural rhythm wherever possible.

PRINCIPLE 9: eye fixations should be as few and as close

together as possible.

The arrangement of the parts were made according to thedistribution of the task for the hands. The parts were

located in away that the operator can reach without

stretching or causing so much effort. With these the eye

fixations are few. Considering that there are only three

parts to be assembled and is easy to manage.


26/31

Principle 13:Drop deliveries should be used

whenever possible.

The bin was provided for the finished

products in order to separate it from the

other parts. One advantage of the drop

delivery is to protect the finished product

from damage.


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Principle 16: The height of the workplace and the chair

should preferably be arranged so that the alternate

sitting and standing are easily possible.

The chair and the working table were provided ina way that the worker is comfortable to use it. The

height does not permit the operator to work in a

restricted motions.


28/31

Principle 18: the hands should not be relieved of all works

that can be done advantageously by a jig, a fixture or a

foot-operated device.

The hand did most of the tasks and there were no

available machineries or fixtures or even a jig that

could help the operator. In a demanding point of

work, the worker will accumulate psychological and

physical stress

P i i l 1 T h d h ld b i ll l h i i


29/31

Principle 1: Two hands should begin as well as complete their motions

at the same time.

The two hand were able to begin at the same time but were not

able to complete the motions significantly.

Principle 2: two hands should not be idle at the same time except

during rest periods.

It can be seen from the simo chart that there was long holding of

the parts. Although, the hands were not idle but hold is an

ineffective therblig that needs to be eliminated.


30/31

Time study is now being used by the companies to

establish a time standard. By this, the company will know

the number of units that can be produced by a worker in a

certain period of time. Also, it is used to identify the

ineffective time that must be eliminated during

production. The time study is used to improve the

methods or procedures adopted in performance of various

jobs. This is very important for the company to improve

their production and increase their profit.


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It is also an important reminder that spending

significant amounts of physical energy unnecessarily

is not a productive way of working. Rhythm must be

followed where there is a moderate flow of the

workers performance because a slowing pace and

speeding up makes the operator less productive. It is

believed that the simpler motions are, the simpler the

job will be performed and it will follow that the jobs

will be more productive.

Documents

Toy Ship Assembly