Toxic Substances And Explosive Hazards

Toxic Substances And Explosive HazardsGroup MembersMuhammad Kashif Khan (29)Muhammad Rizwan Ullah (30)Riaz Ali (31) Ismail Khan (32)

Toxic SubstancesA toxic substance is one that has a negative effect on the health of a person or animalRoutes of entry:Ingestion (entry through the mouth)Injection (entry through a needle/syringe)Absorption (passage through skin)Inhalation (entry through the nose)

Effects of Toxic SubstancesThe various effects and exposure times can be categorized as :Acute Effects/ExposuresChronic Effects/ExposuresEffects of Airborne toxics IrritantsAsphyxiantsNarcotics/AnestheticsEffects of Carcinogens

Explosive Hazards Many chemical and toxic substances used in modern industry are flammable or combustible ,which may lead to explosionExplosive related conceptsFlammable substance: flash point < 100FCombustible substance: flash point >100FFlash pointAuto-ignition temperature Volatility:Evaporation capability Of a substance

General Safety Precautions Prohibit SmokingSmoking should be prohibited in any areas of a plant where explosive and combustible materials are present.Eliminating Potential sources of ignition is a standard safety precaution. Eliminate Static ElectricityStatic electricity occurs when dissimilar materials come into contact and then separate Use Spark-resistant tools Sparks from tools used in settings where explosive and combustible materials are present represent a threat .Wooden, leather-faced and rubber-covered tools may help prevent sparks.

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