Town of Madison, Virginia

Town Council

William L. Lamar, MayorNancy Knighting, Vice-Mayor

Alma Lu AyersLawrence Beasley

Adopted 2009

Planning Commission

Edward Eddins, ChairmanZane Byram, Vice-Chairman

James KoontzLori MorelockRon Taylor

Adopted .2009

Design and formatting by HBK Consulting

Table of Contents

Introduction 1Background . 1Purpose...................................................................................................... 1Authority 1

Historical Perspective... 2Town Structu re :'...................... .................. ......................... ............... .......... .. 4Regional Setting ;...................................................................................... 4Population........................................................................................................ 6Economy...... 7Employment 12Income 13Finance 13Natural Features 13Existing Land Use ...................................................•........................................ 14Transportation Systems 14Community Services 15

Education 15Library 15Health Services 15Public Safety 16Recreational Facilities 16Government Services and Benefit Offices 16

Community Facilities 17Utilities 17Solid Waste Disposal- Recycling Program 17

Historic District - Town of Madison 18Registered Historic Structures 18Historic Structure Analysis 19Historic Structure Inventory 21Goals, Objectives and Strategies 30

Land Use 31Historic District 32Urban Design 33Economy 35Housing ' 36Transportation 37Services 38

Future Land Use Plan 39Natural resources 39Historic Preservation 39Economic Development - Residential Development 39

Appendix A: Definitions of terms used in the Historic Structure Inventory .40Appendix B: Historic District .41Index 42

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Maps

Regional Setting ,.............................. 5Historic District.. 44

Graphs

Population Change............................................. 6Pie Chart Showing Non-TaxablefTaxable Property 11

Tables

1. Town Businesses 82. New Construction 103. Employment Percentages by Industries 124. Class of Worker 12

Prints

Madison Courthouse 21Courtesy of Henry A. Konat

Eagle House -- Samuel Carpenter Tavern 22Courtesy of Second Bank & Trust

Arcade 23Courtesy of Doris Blankenbaker

Kemper House --Madison Methodist Parsonage 26Courtesy of Second Bank & Trust

Piedmont Episcopal Church 29Courtesy of Piedmont Episcopal Church

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Introduction

A. Background

The Town of Madison is a village with historic charm. A small county seat in thePiedmont Region at the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains, Madison's mixture ofvillage style commerce, historic residences, and local government activities arefundamental to its economic and aesthetic character. The continuance of theseactivities, and the insistence that new activities not place undue strain on the fabricof life in the town is a heritage to be maintained for the future.

The State of Virginia's Historic Landmarks C'ommission has recognized theTown's historic character. The Town, characterized by detached dwellings withattractive yards and gardens, contains many buildings from the Federal, Greekrevival and Victorian eras. Over 45% of the Town's structures are 100+ years ofage.

With the Town located atop a ridge of Courthouse Mountain, its citizens areable to enjoy spectacular views of the Blue Ridge Mountains to the west andnorthwest.

The Town, which serves as the center of county government activities, is a safeand quiet community where citizens can comfortably walk to most activities. Manyareas of the Town have developed and maintained a delicate blend of residentialand compatible commercial uses. Other areas are entirely residential. Some arededicated to government activities. The Town's predominant service economy issupported by its status as a county seat and the needs of the surroundingagricultural community.

B. Purpose

The purpose of this plan is to state findings, goals, and objectives, thereby providinginformation to guide future decisions, not only with respect to land use, but also withrespect to planning for the provision of services, capital expenditures and financialconsiderations. These findings, goals and objectives are made with the knowledge of thenecessity of change and are at the same time mindful of the value of the Town's history.

c. AuthoritySection 15.2, Chapter 22, of the Code of Virginia, as amended, relates to planning,

sub-division of land and zoning. Section 15.2-2223 states that every governing body in thisstate shall adopt a Comprehensive Plan for the territory under its jurisdiction. Article 3 ofChapter 22 of Section 15.2 contains authority and direction for the matters to beconsidered in drawing and applying the Comprehensive Plan, the method of adoption ofthe Plan, and guidelines for amendment and review of a Comprehensive Plan. This Plan iscreated under that authority. Formal reviews are required every five years.

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Historical Perspective

On December 4, 1792, the General Assembly passed the act forming Madison Countyfrom Culpeper County, which became effective on May 1,1793. The new county wasnamed in honor of James Madison, then an opposition leader in Congress who had playeda major role in the adoption of the Federal Constitution.

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In June 1793, the gentlemen justices of the Madison County Court gave considerationto the establishmentofa permanent county courthouse. Favoring a site convenientlylocated. in the center of the county, the court decided to purchase a two-acre lot, which waspart ota 420-acre tract known as Finnell's Old Field. This field was situated on the ridge ofCourthouse Mountain, which runs southwestto northeast and which affords the Townspectacular views of the Blue Ridge Mountains to the west and northwest.

On January 6, 1800, in response to a petition signed one month earlier by one hundredcitizens of the county, the General Assembly established a town atthe courthouse on fifty(50) acres of land. Calling the new town Madison, after the new county of which it becamethe county seat, the Legislature ordered all oUhe fifty acres to be laid off in lots withconvenient streets. The Legislature also appointed seven (7) men, including two (2)county justices, as its first trustees. The trustees were empowered to make rules for theregular building of hou~es and to settle all boundary disputes. In 1801, the GeneralAssembly established within the Town of Madison the county's first post office.

In 1804, an English visitor to the Town noted that, "In addition to the public buildings onthe courthouse square and two taverns, there are ten or twelve houses in the village,among them the residence of a doctor, a lawyer, and a gentleman justice - but no parsonor parsonage." h

In 1818 the General Assembly passed two measures relating to the town, eachindicative of Madison's growing maturity as a community:

• The first extended the town's limits to include fifteen (15) acres of land on either side ofMain Street south of the courthouse and Carpenter's Tavern.

" •••• _. h

• The second provided for the popular election of town trustees, who were now requiredto meet at least once every six months and were authorized for the first time to passtown bylaws and to lay an annual tax on inhabitar'ts and their property not to exceedfifty dollars.

Between 1829 and 1830 the architectural character of the rural Town of Madisonchanged dramatically with the completion of the present brick courthouse building byformer University of Virginia workmen Malcolm F. Crawford and William B. Phillips andbuilder Richard Boulware.

Joseph Martin in his 1835 Gazetteer of Virginia gives a detailed description of thebuildings of the Town:

"The Village, besides the ordinary county buildings, contains 34 dwelling houses, 6mercantile stores, 2 taverns, 2 houses of public worship, of which one belongs to theEpiscopalians, and the other is free for all denominations. There are in the vicinity 5

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Canada, the Dominican Republic, England, France, Germany, Iceland, Japan, Norway,Scotland, and Sweden. Virginia residents representing many of Virginia's cities, towns,and counties are frequent visitors to the Town.

Town Structure

The Town of Madison (the only incorporated town in Madison County) is governed by amayor and a four (4) member council, all of whom shall be qualified voters of the Town andare elected for a four (4) year term from the Town at large. The Mayor is the chiefexecutive officer of the Town and votes only in tie-breaking situations. The Town Clerk,appointed by the Council, oversees the daily operations of the Town.

The Planning Commission is composed of five (6) members who serve staggeredfour-year terms. The Commission serves asan advisory body to the Council onmatters relating to zoning and development of land/buildings and is responsible fordrafting, reviewing and updating the Town's comprehensive plan.

Regional Setting

The Town of Madison is part of the Rappahannock Rapidan Planning District, a fivecounty area composed of Culpeper, Fauquier, Orange, Rappahannock, and Madisoncounties. The Town is centrally located within Madison County and is approximately 78miles southwest from Washington D.C, 50 miles west from Fredericksburg, 30 miles northof Charlottesville, and 80 miles northwest of Richmond.

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Town of Madison .Regional Relationship

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Population

• The 2000 census shows the population of the Town of Madison, Virginia to be 210, adecrease of 97 persons from the 1990census figure of 307. This large of adrop inpopulation should have meant a large number of vacant homes and apartments within theTown. But not so ---- the decrease in population was a paper one. The census statisticsshow that 116 households were included. But there were more than 140 households inexistence at the time of the 2000 census, which means more than 25 households were notcounted. It could be that a number of residents living in Town joined many others fromacross the country and refused to fill out the census bureau's long form.

• This 31% decrease in the Town population compares to an increase of 4.8% during thesame period for the County of Madison, as its population of 11,949 in 1990 increased to12,520 in 2000.

• The five county Rappahannock Rapidan Planning District during this period of 1990 to 2000had a population gain of 18,142 people.

POPULATION CHANGE

NUMBER

350

300 .

1970 1980 1990 2000YEAR

Of the reported 210 persons living in the Town in 2000

• 52.9% were female and 47.1% were male• 18.6% were under the age of 18• 54.7% were ages 18 to 64•. 26.7% were 65 or older• 71.9% were white and 28.1 % black.

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Economy

The economy of the Town of Madison, Virginia is based largely on its role asthe center for goods and services, government, and religious activities for theCounty. Government activities bring many people to the community on an almostdaily basis. The Town of Madison houses the following government activities:

Judicial:D Court House for the 16th Judicial Circuit CourtD General District CourtD Juvenile and Domestic Relations CourtD Juvenile Probation Office

County/State Government:D County Administration Building

County TreasurerCommissioner of the RevenueZoning OfficeBuilding Inspector

D Commonwealth's AttorneyD County Recreational DirectorD Economic Development DirectorD Sheriff/911 CenterD Social Services OfficeD Virginia Cooperative Extension Service.D Virginia Forestry Service

Town/State Government:D Town officeD Department of Motor Vehicles

The Town is also home to the following organizationsD Madison Chamber of CommerceD Habitat for HumanityD Skyline Head StartD Madison County Library, Inc.o Madison Historical Societyo Early Learning Centero First Friend Pre-schoolD Beth Car Baptist Churcho Piedmont Episcopal Churcho Madison United Methodist Church

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There are a number of professional offices, service operations, and merchantsin the Town to support the local community.

Table 1. Town Businesses

Business Merchant Professional ServiceAccountina Office 2Animal Clinic 2Antiaues 2Barber Shop 2Collectibles 2.Comouter 1Construction Co. 2Counselina Office 2Dental Office I 1Dry Cleaner 1Equioment Rental 2Feed Store 1Hair Stylists 4Home Imorovement Co. 2Insurance 2Investment MQmt 1LawOffice 7Laundromat 1Mail Order 1Medical Office 1Newsoaoer 1Pharmacv 1Quilt Shoo 1Restaurants " 4Securitv Company 1Survevor 1Theraoeutic MassaQe 2Title Comoany 1Utility Comoany 1Wood Stove 1

With an excellent County road network, much of the community shopping however isdone in the neighboring counties, such as Charlottesville and Albemarle County to thesouth, Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania County to the northeast, Orange to the east, andCulpeper to the north.

The Town is the home for several community churches that not only provide serviceson Sunday but also support numerous ongoing community activities. The three churcheslocated within the Town are historic structures. The fourth church structure, the

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Presbyterian Church built in 1852/3, is now privately owned. The congregation of thePresbyterian Church, in need of a larger structure plus adequate parking, built their newchurch north of Town on Route 29.

The Presbyterian Church was neither the first nor the last entity to move from the Townof Madison because of insufficient raw land on which to construct new buildings. One ofthe first businesses to move was the Virginia ABC Store, which in 1986 relocated to a newfacility on Route 29 north of Town.

This was to be the beginning of an exodus of businesses from the Town of Madison.Greystone TV and Appliance, constructed a 10,000 sq foot building on Route 29 to housetheir expanding operations plus rental space.

The Farm Bureau moved from its location on Main Street in Town to the newGreystone building on Route 29.

Prior to April 2000, the Madison Post Office was situated on South Main Street inTown. Due to an ever-increasing volume of mail and the need for more space, the PostOffice conducted a search within the Town of Madison for a location on which to constructa new building --- but to no avail. Instead, they purchased land on Business Route 29north of Town.

When the bank management of Jefferson National Bank (now Wachovia) decided toconsolidate its two locatibns - the main office located on Main Street and the drive throughlocation located on Washington Street --- they also were unable to find sufficient acreagewithin the Town for their new building. Much to the dismay of many of the Town's citizensand business proprietors who had the convenience of a bank within walking distance, thebank moved north of Town on Business Route 29 in June 1998. Its location is next to thenew Post Office.

The Madison County Volunteer Fire Department constructed their new million-dollarfacility across the street from the bank, north of Town. Their previous location was onChurch Street.

Pat's Floral formerly located on Washington Street also purchased property andlocated south of the post office on Business Route 29.

o Businesses that havemoved north of Town on Route 29:

• ABC Store moved to a new building north of Town on Route 29.It subsequently moved to the ne~ly constructed Shopping Plaza south of Town.

!• Greystone Appliances moved to an newly constructed building

• Farm Bureau moved to an newly constructed building

o Businesses that havemoved north of Town on Business Route 29:

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• Jefferson National Bank (now Wachovia Bank) moved both its main officeand drive-thru branch to a newly constructed building.

• Madison Post Office moved to a newly constructed building.

• Madison Volunteer Fire Dept moved to a newly constructed building.

o Businesses that have moved south of Town on Route 29:

• Eddins Ford moved to a newly constructed building

• Madison Land and Realty moved to an existing building. They are in theprocess of relocation to Route 29 north in a newly constructed building.

o Two of the above buildings are now owned by the County and housegovernment operations as follows:

• Former ABC store on South Main now houses the Madison CountyCommonwealth's Attorney;

• Former Jefferson National Bank's main office and adjacent large parking lot onMain Street now houses the Madison County Social Service Department.

Not only have these two properties been taken off the tax rolls ofthe town, but withMadison County's action of purchasing the bank building, the Town has been deniedthe benefits of having another bank purchase this property.

Table 2. New Construction

1981 -1990 1991 - 2000 2001 - 2005Detached House 6 3 -2 Unit Apartment BldQ 1 - -4 Unit Apartment BldQ - 1 -Commercial - - -Non-profit - 1 -

As the Town has no raw land to develop, new construction is limited. Currently, there arefewer than 20 vacant buildable lots in the Town. New construction may be delayed indefinitely asthere appear to be no sewer taps available. As of September 2006 there are 3 residential properties,1 commercial property, 3 residential lots and 1 commercial lot for sale.

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ffi:J County Owned

oNon-Profit/Church

oTaxable Property

Pie Chart Showing Non TaxablelTaxable Property Values

The combination of properties owned by the county, churches, and non-profitorganizations represent approximately 25% of the assessed value of the Town'stax base and are not subject to the Town's taxation.

The County's real estate holdings in the Town of Madison, none of whichare subject to the Town's taxation, are as follows:

o Arcade Building and adjacent large parking loto Commonwealth's Attorney Building***o Corner Park at Main Street and Church Streeto County Office Buildingo Kemper Mansiono Madison County Courthouse and Clerk's Officeo War Memorial Building and groundso Sheriff's Office - 911 Centero Social Services Building and adjacent parking lots***o 2 story brick home on 5 acres*** (Estes property)

*** Purchased by Madison County since 1988 and removed from the Town's tax rolls.

Also not on the Town's taxable roll are the following properties:

o Beth Car Baptist Church plus adjacent lot on Main Streeto Piedmont Episcopal Churcho Madison United Methodist Church plus adjacent lot on Main Streeto Madison County Library, Inc.

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Employment

Of those living in the households of the Town, the majority work outside theTown, and many of these work outside the County, commuting south toCharlottesville and Greene County, east to Orange County and Fredericksburg,and north to Culpeper with a few residents commuting to northern Virginia.

Of the reported 210 Town residents in the 2000 census figures, the number ofTown residents employed was 83 persons. (See page 6) The following chartidentifies the industries in which they were employed.

Table 3. Employment Percentages by Industries

Number PercentAQriculture 2 2.4

Profession/Momt 8 9.6Arts 1 1.2

Educational/SS 18 21.7Construction 13 15.7ManufacturinQ 8 9.6Transportation. 1 1.2

Retail Trade 15 18.2Fin/lns/RE 8 9.6

Other Services 3 3.6Public Admin 6 7.2

Table 4. Class of Worker

Number PercentPrivate Wage & Salary 59 71.1

WorkersGovernment Workers 20 24.1

Self Emploved Workers 4 4.8Total Employment 83 100%

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Income

According to the 2000 census figures, the Town of Madison's median householdincome was $32,188. This compares to $39,856 for Madison County and $53,847 for theState of Virginia.

Finance

As a Town, Madison remains part of Madison County. The County exercises thebroadest range of powers granted to local governments by the General Assembly, whilethe Town is granted only specific powers. Towns do not have to provide schools, solidwaste disposal, law enforcement, criminal justice or detention, and so forth.

Taxes paid by the residents of the Town of Madison to Madison County include realestate, personal property, and local utility (electric, telephone) taxes. The county alsoreceives sales tax and merchant's capital tax from the Town's businesses.

With the 1998 move of Jefferson National Bank (now Wachovia), the Town suffered theloss of this bank's franchise tax. This tax accounted for approximately 80% of the Town'sbudget.

To compensate for this loss, the Town Council approved and then implemented

(1) The real estate property tax(2) The Town's first meals tax in April 1999.(3) The first Town motor vehicle license (sticker) tax in May 1999

In 2000 the Town became a licensed agent for the Department of Motor Vehicles. Forfiscal year 2005-06, DMV receipts accounted for 54.3% of the Town's total receipts.

Additional revenues are received from an electric power franchise tax, utility pole tax,permits, and ABC profits.

Natural Features

The Town of Madison is located in the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains on a ridgeof Courthouse Mountain, which runs southwest to northeast. Situated as it is, the Townresidents enjoy spectacular views of the Blue Ridge Mountains to the west and northwest.

The Madison County Comprehensive Plan characterizes the Town's land slope asfollows: "There is a concentration of 25% and greater slopes along the fault ridge on whichthe Town of Madison stands." The highest elevation of the Town is 598 feet.

The Town's soils are primarily Lloyd loam and Louisburg sandy loam, both deep, welldrained soils. Lloyd loam is on top ridges; it occurs as areas, small or medium in size.The surface layer is friable and is easily tilled. Runoff is medium. The erosion hazard ismoderate. Slope and permeability are limited for some non-farm uses. The erosionhazard for the Louisburg sandy loam is severe and the runoff is medium. Rockoutcroppings are not uncommon.

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Existing Land Use

The Town of Madison, Virginia is located in a small, rural county characterized byforests and farms.

The Town is of a lineal nature, being 9/10 of a mile in length and only 1300 feet inwidth. Main Street, also known as Business Route 29, runs the entire length of the Townand has a mixture of residential and commercial, government and religious use besidesbeing designated as a historic district. There are eight side streets within the Town.Both School House Road and Washington Street are commercial in nature, while ChurchStreet has a mixture of residential, business and religious use. Ruth Road, Mud Road,Catherine Street, Thrift Road and Smith Road are all primarily residential in nature.

At the north end of Town, which is zoned residential, the homes sit atop small slopesand have expansive front lawns. The county office building and the health departmentbuilding are located in this residential area. The southern end of Town is home to theCommonwealth's Attorney Office, Head Start, a child development center, and an animalclinic, along with a number of residences.

The commercial area of Town begins just north of the Washington Street, SchoolHouse Road, Main Street intersection and continues southward to the Court House area,eastward on Washington Street towards Route 29, and westward along School HouseRoad.

Main Street, also known as Busines~ Route 29, is also Route 231 and, as such, is partof the Route 231 Virginia Scenic Byway, which runs from Route 33 in Orange Countynorthward to Route 522 in Rappahannock County.

Transportation Systems

An excellent road network serves both Madison County and the Town of Madison.

US Route 29, which was converted to a dual lane highway, extends south to Danvillenear the North Carolina state line and north to Washington, DC. This highway is of primaryimportance for Town residents who commute north to Culpeper, Warrenton, and northernVirginia, or south to Greene County and Charlottesville.

US Route 29's main flow of traffic bypasses the Town of Madison on the east side.VDOT's average daily traffic count for this highway at a location just north of the Town is17,000 vehicles a day as of 2005.

Main Street, also known as Business Route 29 and Route 231, which runs the lengthof the Town of Madison, has an average daily traffic count of 3200 vehicles a day as of2005. Of these 3200 vehicles five percent is truck traffic: 2 axles, 3+ axles, and trucks withtrailers.

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Community Services

(1) Education

• The schools are provided through the Madison County School system. The primary,middle and high schools are located on Route 29 south of the Town of Madison. Theelementary school is located on the north edge of Town.

• Located within an hour's drive from the Town of Madison are three 4 year institutionsoffering a full range of study: University of Virginia in Charlottesville, James MadisonUniversity in Harrisonburg, and University of Mary Washington in Fredericksburg. Alsowithin easy commuting distance are Germana Community College in Locust Grove andPiedmont Virginia Community College in Charlottesville.

(2) Library

• The Madison County Library, Inc., a nonprofit incorporated entity, is located on Main Streetwithin the Town. Established in 1937, the library moved to its present location on MainStreet in 1969. In 1988, an addition of 1948 square feet was added, which not only gavethe library much needed additional space for its book, video, and tape collection but also.provided access for handicapped patrons. In 2004 another addition was added, giving thelibrary an additional 3040 square feet. This new addition expanded the children's readingarea, increased the patron's computer area, added several new computers, andestablished a genealogy/local history room.

(3) Health Services

• The Virginia Health Department is now housed in a new facility located at the north end ofTown, behind the County Administration Building. This facility provides a full range ofpublic health and clinical services.

• A free clinic opened its door in August of 1999 and is housed in the Virginia HealthDepartment building. The clinic, which is open two evenings a week, is designed to helpuninsured and underinsured residents obtain medical treatment. The program will covervisits to doctors and dentists plus prescriptions.

• The Autumn Care nursing home, a 60 bed facility which provides 44 skilled nursing bedsand 16 assisted living beds, is located partially within the boundaries of the Town. A newwing of 14,000 square feet provides an additional 24 beds. With no hospital located ineither the Town or County of Madison, residents must travel to Culpeper or toCharlottesville for hospital care.

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(4) Public Safety

• The Madison County Sheriff's Office/911 Center is located on Church Street, in theTown of Madison. It maintains 24-hour service and is capable of responding toemergencies. Additionally there are several State Troopers assigned to MadisonCounty who can be called upon if necessary.

• The Madison County Fire Department, an all-volunteer unit, formerly located withinthe Town, is now located north of Town on Business Route 29. Havingoutgrown its former building it is now located in a newly constructed $1,000,000facility which can house all of their equipment plus allow for parking.

• The Madison County Rescue Squad is located north of Town on Business Route29. This organization, which in the past had been all-volunteer, has over the past

\ several years added two shifts of paid employees along with a paid coordinator.Volunteers still serve the overnight hours and weekends.

(5) Recreational Facilities .

• Although no recreational facilities are located within the Town, one site is locatedadjacent to the Town. Waverly Yowell Elementary School, located on the northedge of Town, has a softball diamond that is used by both organized leagues andby local youth and adults.

(6) Government Services and Benefits Offices

• Located within the Town of Madison are the offices for VA Cooperative Extension,Clerk's Office, Commonwealth's Attorney, Commissioner of Revenue, CountyTreasurer's Office, Social Services, County Zoning Office, Building Inspector,Health Department, County Recreation Authority, DMV, Sheriff's Office/911 Center,and the Town Office.

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Community Facilities

(1) Utilities

• Water & Sewer - The Town is served by a water and sewerage systemoperated by Rapidan Service Authority. Until 1993, the Town of Madisonowned the water and sewerage system. Currently there are no sewer tapsavailable for new construction.

• Electricity - Allegheny Power is the provider of electricity and has amaintenance facility on Washington Street in Town. Of great concern tomany of the residents are the poles and overhead lines used for thedistribution of both electricity and telephone service ---- they are not inkeeping with the Historic District. The Town's Subdivision Ordinancerequires where possible that all new subdivisions place their utilitiesu~e~rou~. '

• Telephone - Service is provided by Verizon, which maintains a facility onBusiness Route 29 just south of Town.

• Gas, Oil - Bottled gases and heating oil are provided by dealers both within 'and outside of the county.

• Cable TV - Service is offered by Comcast. The cable lines are locatedoverhead and use the same poles as the electric lines.

• Internet Access - DSL service is provided by Verizon. A local computer companyprovides dial up access.

(2) Solid Waste Disposal - Recycling Program

• LandfililTransfer Station - Citizens of the Town may take their trash to thelandfill/transfer station site or they may contract to have their trashcollected.

• Recycling - Town and County residents have been recycling since 1987.When the recycling program was first introduced, it allowed for only glass(clear, green, and brown), aluminum and newspapers to be recycled. Thecurrent program allows for the recycling of the three colors of glass,newspapers, mixed paper, cardboard, aluminum, metal cans and tires.Once a month for a period of one week, the recycling portable trailer islocated within the Town of Madison, allowing residents handy access to therecycling bins. At all other times, items can be taken to the landfill/transferstation site and placed in the proper bins to be recycled.

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Historic District - Town of Madison

REGISTERED HISTORIC STRUCTURES

• Madison County Courthouse - 1830

1. HABSI, 1958, Federal, Library of Congress, Washington DC2. Virginia Historic Landmarks Commission Survey File #256-23. National Register

• County Clerk's Office -• Virginia Historic Landmarks Commission Survey File #256-39

• The Arcade .Building• Virginia Historic Landmarks Commission Survey File #256-24

Piedmont Episcopal Church• Virginia Historic Landmarks Commission Survey File #256-22

• Kemper House - Madison Methodist Parsonage• Virginia Historic Landmarks Commission Survey File #256-33

• Madison Presbyterian Church• Virginia Historic Landmarks Commission Survey File,#256-30

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• Hunton House Hotel• Virginia Historic Landmarks Commission Survey File #256-12

• Eagle House - Samuel Carpenter Tavern• HABSI, 1958, Federal, Library of Congress, Washington, DC• Virginia Historic Landmarks Commission Survey File #256-1

• Thrift House• Virginia Historic Landmarks Commission Survey File #256-13

James Gibbs House - Henry Allison House• Virginia Historic Landmarks Commission Survey File #256-18

• Madison County Eagle Office• Virginia Historic Landmarks Commission Survey File #256-18

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Historic Structure Analysis

The Town of Madison's Historic District consists of properties located primarily along thelength of Main Street (Business Route 29 and Route 231). Main Street is part of the Route231 Virginia Scenic Byway, which extends from Route 33 at Gordonsville in Orange County toSperryville in Rappahannock County. This byway was originally part of the Blue RidgeTurnpike, established in 1857 with its headquarters located in the Town of Madison.

The earliest structure, which has survived intact in the Town, is the Eagle House. Thisstructure was erected in the late 1700s as a tavern. Builtof Flemish bond brick, the edifiCe isdistinguished by a corbeled brick cornice and a stepped parapet on its northern and southernends. The original bar is located in the basement. In early deeds (1800-1830) it is referred toas Carpenter's Tavern. By 1876 the property had been acquired by William Cave, whoconverted it to a private home. He added the south wing, which contains the Masonic Lodgeand office space.

Located adjacent to the tavern, the present Madison County Courthouse building wasconstructed on the site of the first county courthouse. It is the town's most prominent andarchitecturally distinguished landmark, completed in 1830 by Malcolm F. Crawford, William B.Phillips, and Richard Boulware. Crawford and Phillips had both worked under the supervisionof Thomas Jefferson at the University of Virginia, from which the form and many design detailsof the Madison Courthouse are derived. The three artisans produced a Jeffersonian RomanRevival temple-form structure with arcades built to the same proportions as those found on TheRange of the University of Virginia.

The Madison County Courthouse displays the outstanding quality of Phillips' workmanshipas a mason, with each brick carefully molded and laid between finely tooled mortar joints.Crawford's carpentry work is no less distinguished, most notably in his execution of theacademically correct Tuscan entablature. The handsome building, by continuing to serve asMadison County's courthouse, has become the foremost identifying symbol and landmark ofthe Town and County and its history.

Within two years of the completion of the courthouse, the county erected a new clerk'soffice, constructed of brick, from plans and specifications provided by Alexander D. Garrett,then proctor at the University of Virginia. It replaced a frame structure, which had stood on theeast side of Main Street across from the courthouse. The new Clerk's Office has remained incontinuous use to the present.

During the late 1830s and 1840s, a number of the town's residences were erected in theGreek revival style. The houses are typically wood-frame construction with their porches in theGreek revival style. All the Greek revival houses are set back from the streets and have largefront yards. The Greek revival dwellings on the north end of town are sited on hilltops and havevery expansive yards. .

In addition to residences, the Town of Madison has two churches that date to the lateantebellum period:

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• Presbyterian Church, which is now privately owned.

• Methodist Church.

Both buildings were completed in the Greek revival style between 1852 and 1853. Both areexecuted in a temple-form plan and have Greek style lintels and doorways that suggest theinfluence of a contemporary pattern book.

• Episcopal Church - On the basis of the brickwork and woodwork, the PiedmontEpiscopal Church building (1833-34) is attributed to the courthouse workmen, as theexceptionally well-executed brickwork of the building bears a striking similarity to WilliamPhillips' brickwork on the 1830 courthouse.

The town's most distinguished residences arose in the era of the Blue Ridge Turn-pike.Like the Presbyterian and Methodist churches, they show the spreading influence of the Greekrevival style as popularized in contemporary pattern books, most notably the works of AsherBenjamin. The porch designs of the following homes are all derived from Benjamin's PracticalHouse Camenter (1830).

• Kemper House (aka Thomas C. Welch House)

• George W. Harrison House

• Martha Garth House (the fonner Lutheran Parsonage)

Typical of most rural residences with Greek revival detailing, these village dwellings are nottemple forms with porticoes. Rather, they have a more conventional two-story, symmetricalfacade and central-passage plan with the porch serving as the most stylish feature.

More numerous in the Town of Madison>are the wood-frame, two story vernacular houses ofthe same period. While lacking Greek details, these plainer dwellings also have central-passage plans and symmetrical facades.

• Thomas W. Lewis House (now the home of the Madison County Library, Inc.)

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HISTORICTOWN STRUCTURE INVENTORY

1 North Main Street Madison County Courthouse VHLC Survey File 256-2Jeffersonian Roman Revival, 1829-30Brick, Flemish bond -- 2 stories -- pediment roof -- 4 bays1 story 4 bay arcade with Flemish bond brickwork

Builders were the former University of Virginia workmen:Malcolm Crawford, William Phillips, and Richard Boulware.

Madison County Courthouse

3 North Main Street Clerk's Office VHLC Survey File 256-39Late Federal, 1830-35Brick -- 1 story -- gable roof, 3 baysAlexander Garrett, an early Proctor of the University of Virginia,originally proposed the plans and dimensions for the Clerk's Office.

1 Court Square Eagle House VHLC Survey File 256-1Originally known as Samuel Carpenter TavernFederal, ca 1832Brick, Flemish bond -- 2 stories, raised basement, gable roof -- 5'baysStructure has a corbelled brick cornice and brick parapet ends.

21

EagleHouse

1 Washington Circle HenryAllison House VHLCSurvey File 256-18Detached House, 1825 -1880s, aka James Gibbs HouseWood frame -- 2 stories, gable roof -- 5 bays1 story, 2 bay porch with square posts

117North MainStreet G.N.Thrift Building VHLCSurvey File 256-13Greek Revival, 1830sBrick -- 2 stories, hipped roof - 3 baysBuilt as a store and office, it has Greek revival style lintels over its principal openings.

124North MainStreet TheArcade Building VHLCSurvey File 256-24Federal, 1830Brick, stretcher bond 2 stories, hipped roof -- 3 baysThe Arcade is one of Madison's oldest buildings. However, stylistically it wouldappear to date after the courthouse of 1829-1830. Extensively restored, thebuilding still retains its early appearance.

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-... c.. I

--_~~ .• ~I

-- -

The Arcade

128 North Main Street Old Kreider HouseAttached House. 1820sWood frame -- 1 story, gable roof, 2 dormers -- 6 bays

131 North Main Street Taylor House VHLC Survey File 256-15Detached House, Greek Revival, Federal, 1840Wood frame -- 2 stories, hipped roof -- 3 bays1 story, 1 bay center pedimented porch with fret frieze supported by columnsMost distinguishing feature is the front porch that has a Greek fret.

132 North Main Street The Family Store VHLC Survey File 256-26Store, 1896Wood frame - 1-1/2 stories, gable roof -- 4 bays1 story, 5 bay porch with shed roof supported by brackets, this is an excellent exampleof vernacular commercial architecture of the late 19th -early 20th centuries.

201 North Main Street Eagle Office VHLC Survey File 256-14

202 North Main Street Crisler House .VHLC Survey File 256-28Detached House. Federal, 1820-1830-aka George Eve HouseWood frame - 2 stories, raised basement, gable roof - 5 baysThe building has a stone foundation.

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205NorthMainStreet BleakThrift House VHLCSurveyFile256-13Detached House, Late Federal, Greek Revival, 1830s, Aka Bleak HouseBrick -- ,2 stories, raised basement, hipped roof - 3 bays1 story, 1 bay porch with square posts

206NorthMainStreet CloreBungalow VHLCSurveyFile256-29Detached House. Eastlake (modified), 1870-1880, aka Steamboat HouseWood frame -- 1 story, hipped roof - 6 bays .1-story, 6 bay porch with turned posts and brackets, turned balustrade, this building isdominated by a one story veranda which encompasses all four sides of the structure.The facade has three entrances all recessed and ornamented by Greek revivalfrontispieces. (This property is currently undergoing renovation)

211NorthMainStreet HuntonHouseHotel VHLCSurveyFile 256-12Greek Revival, Federal, 1800-1812, 1848, 19005.Brick, stretcher bond -- 2 stories, raised basement, flat roof -- 5 bays2 story, 6 bay porch with 2 tiers

212NorthMainStreet Church VHLCSurveyFile 256-30Former Presbyterian Church, Greek Revival, 1850-1853Stucco -- 1 story, gable and pedimented roof -- 1 bayStylistically, this building is an excellent example of ~reek Revival architecture adaptedto a small, rural church. Its entrance frontispiece is derived from Asher Benjamin'sPractical House Carpenter of 1830 and distinguishes the structure.

307NorthMainStreet CommercialRomanesque, 1890 .Brick, 6 course American bond -- 2 stories, gable roof -- 1 bay

311NorthMainStreet GeorgeH.LeitchHouseDetached House, Greek Revival, 1840Wood frame -- 2 stories, hipped roof - 3 bays1 story, 1 bay center porch with square postsMost distinguishing feature is its handsome Greek Revival doorway

315NorthMainStreet WilliamB.YagerHouse VHLCSurveyFile256-09Detached House, Queen Anne, 1840, 1880Wood frame -- 2 stories, gable roof -- 5 bays1 story, 2 bay porch with square posts, addition of a large gabled bay added in the 1880s

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Detached House319 North Main StreetGreek Revival, 1850Wood frame -- 2 stories, gable roof -- 2 bays1 story, 1 bay porch with turned postsGreek Revival style architrave surrounds an exterior end chimney, turned postsSuggest the front porch was added at a later date.

320 North Main Street Detached HouseItalianate, 1870Wood frame - 2 stories, gable roof -- 3 bays1-story, 5 bay porch with turned posts and brackets supporting shed roof

402 North Main Street Madison County Library aka Thomas W. Lewis HouseDetached House, Greek Revival, 1852-1859Wood frame -- 2 stories, hipped roof -- 3 bays1-story, 1 bay center porch with shed roof supported by postsLike most wood-frame dwellings found in Madison, it has weatherboarding, 6/6 hungsash and a transom-light doorway.

412 North Main Street Kemper Home VHLC Survey File 256-33Formerly Madison Methodist Parsonage - aka Thomas Welch HomeDetached House, Greek Revival, 1840-1850sWood frame -- 2 stories; raised basement, hipped roof -- 2 bays1-story, 1 bay center porch with Greek Ionic columns supporting roof with balustrade ThisGreek revival's more salient features include its Ionic porch, Asher Benjamin deriveddoorway, and window surrounds with corner blocks.Like its neighbor the Madison County Library, it has 6/6 hung sash and a single-transom doorway. Its bracketed porch extends the length of the facade.

25

Kemper Home

422North Main Street MarthaGarth HouseDetached House, Greek Revival, 1840-1855Wood frame -- 2 stories, gable roof -- 3 bays1-story, 1 bay center porch, pedimented Colonial RevivalThe former Lutheran Parsonage is a typical example of Madison's ca. 1840-1850vernacular housing. Its Greek Revival doorway is particularly distinguished and was mostprobably taken from Asher Benjamin's Practical House Carpenter of 1830.

425North MainStreet GeorgeW. Smith HouseDetached House, Greek Revival, 1851Wood frame -- 2 stories, gable roof - 4 bays1 story, 1 bay center porch with pediment roof supported by 4 square columns

108South Main Street Masonic HallItalianate, 1855Brick, Flemish bond - 2 stories, pediment roof - 2 baysSecond floor of the facade divided by Doric pilasters

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114South Main Street !BelfieldCave House aka Thomas Carpenter HouseDetached House, Greek Revival, 1840-1850Wood frame -- 2 stories, gable roof - 3 bays1 story, 1 bay center porch with columns supporting pediment

120South Main Street Detached HouseEastlake, 1880sWood frame - 2 stories, combination gable and hipped roof - 3 bays1 story, 2 bay porch with turned posts, brackets, and a spindle friezeThe roof is also bracketed and an original chimney has corbelled brickwork.

121South Main Street William T. Banks HomeCommercial Law Office, Detached House Eastlake, 1880Wood frame - 2 stories, gable roof - 5 bays1 story, 3 bay porch with turned posts, brackets, spindle frieze medallionThe structure is distinguished by a one story porch and bracketed eavesSawn ornamentation has been applied to the gable.

203South Main Street Miss Pattie's House aka Charles Gibbs HouseDetached House, Federal,1830sWood frame - 2 stories, hipped roof - 4 baysThis rambling structure contains timbers from the first Madison County Courthouse, a woodframe edifice tom down in 1829-1830.

306South Main Street John Richard Gooding HouseCommercial, Law and Dental Offices, Detached House, Queen Anne, 1890Wood frame - 2 stories, gable roof - 3 bays

311 South Main Street Commercial Real Estate OfficeDetached House, Greek Revival, Late Federal, 1835Wood frame - 2 stories, gable roof -- 3 bays1 story, 1 bay center porch with paneled posts

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316South MainStreet Eliza J. H.Banks HouseDetached House Italianate, 1833Wood frame -- 2 stories, gable roof - 5 bays1 story, 2 bay porch, sloping roof with square postsMost distinguishing features include a corbelled brick chimney, center gable andbracketed eaves.

320South MainStreet DetachedHouseand Outbuilding1859-60Wood frame - 1 story, gable roof -- 3 baysThe original 6/6 hung sash and transom suggest a date in the mid-19th century.

403South MainStreet DetachedHouseQueen Anne, modified, 1890Wood frame -,. 2 stories, gable and pedimented roof - 4 bays1 story, 3 bay porch with turned posts, its projecting side bay and porch are its mostdistinguishing architectural features.

411South MainStreet DetachedHouseQueen Anne, modified, 1890sWood frame -- 2 stories, gable roof - 6 bays1 story, 3 bay porch with Tuscan columnsIt has a projecting gable and a Colonial Revival style porch.

505South MainStreet Madison United Methodist ChurchGreek Revival, 1853Wood frame - 1 story, pedimented roof - 1 bayGreek Revival architraves surround the colored glass windows.

214Church Street Piedmont Episcopal Church VHLCSurvey File 256-22Jeffersonian Roman Revival,1833-34.Brick, Flemish bond -- 1 story, gable roof - 2 bays.The brickwork suggests the hand of William B. Phillips, the builder of the courthouse.

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Piedmont Episcopal Church

215 Church Street George W. Harrison HouseDetached House, Greek Revival, 1850sWood frame -- 2 stories, hipped roof -- 5 bays1 story, 1 bay center porch with pedimented roof, fret frieze, and fluted columns

411 Mud Road Beth Car Baptist ChurchRoman Revival, Doric, 1823Wood frame -- 1 story, pediment roof - 2 bays1 story, 2 bay porch w~thpedimented portico of Doric column support unpierced tympanum

101 Washington Street Early House aka James Clark HomeDetached House, Late Federal, 1840Wood frame -- 2 stories, hipped roof -- 4 baysThis residence has been altered for use as apartments.

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Goals

Objectives and Strategies

The Goals, Objectives, and Strategies of this Plan havebeen developed with the purpose of guiding and

accomplishing a coordinated, adjusted and harmoniousdevelopment of the

Town of Madison

Which will, in accordance with present and probable futureneeds and resources, best promote the health, safety,

morals, order, convenience, prosperity and general welfareof the inhabitants.

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~-------_._-------- ~~--.............I

Land Use

Goal:

To achieve a proper mix of land uses that meets the needs ofpresent and future residents and promotes harmony amongexisting development, future development and the naturalenvironment.

Objectives and Strategies:

• To ensure that future development does not adversely affect oroverburden the public facilities system, environment, and historiccharacter of the Town of Madison.

• To ensure that all western "view sheds" (1) within the historicdistrict of the Town and (2) at the entranceways to the Town areprotected from commercial, residential, and government high-risedevelopment.

• To promote and retain the overall feeling of residentialneighborhoods.

• To ensure the provision of adequate buffer zones betweenpotentially incompatible land uses.

i

• To ensure that the Town's historic district will be protected fromincompatible development.

• To promote architectural compatibility and aesthetic continuity foralterations to or construction near historic or architecturallysignificant structures.

• To ensure that an adequate supply of raw land exists for thecontrolled growth of residential, commercial, institutional andrecreationailiand uses through the use of boundary adjustmentsand/or annexations.

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J

Historic District

Goal:

To protect, preserve, and enhance the Historic District of the Townof Madison known as "Madison County Courthouse Historic District".

Objectives and Strategies:

• To maintain the Historic.District and Virginia scenic bywaydesignations of the Town.

• To discourage demolition of, or inappropriate alteration to e'xistinghistoric structures or structures of characteristic significance.

• To establish an Architectural Review Board that will administerzoning ordinances and regulations pertaining. to the Historic District.

• To establish an Historic Resources Committee. The Committee,besides serving as an advisory panel to the Town Council, willmaintain and update the Town's records of its Historic District andits historic structures, including a current Historic StructureInventory. Committee members, to be appointed by the TownCouncil, need not be residents of the Town but must have aninterest in the preservation of the Town's Historic District.

• To promote architectural compatibility and aesthetic continuity foralterations to or construction near historic structures or structures ofarchitectural significance.

• To pursue street lighting that is compatible with the historic natureof the Town.

• To pursue underground conduits for all existing utility wiring in theHistoric District.

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L__

Urban Design

Goal:

To continually promote a visually pleasing historic Town environment.

Objectives and Strategies:

• To coordinate the type, scale, and nature of developmentthroughout the Town by ordinances.

• To continue to promote a Main Street Revitalization program thatwill enhance and preserve the visual appearance of the Town.

• To maintain a zoning policy which encourages preservation ofhistoric structures and open areas.

• To discourage major grading which might change the character ofthe landscape, while encouraging the use of existing topographyand tree cover as planning elements in determining road layout,location, and buffering of different land uses, storm watermanagement systems and underground utility lines.

• To encourage property owners and developers to protect existinglandscaping and trees to support the Town's designation as a birdsanctuary.

• To promote the addition of new trees and shrubs duringdevelopment processes and replace the loss of existing tree coverwith n~w. /

• To require by ordinance landscaping of any development to provideattractive land use buffering, to prevent soil erosion and to replaceloss of existing tree cover.

• To recognize and to protect as a valuable component of the Town'sappearance those structures with a significant architectural orhistoric character and those properties that are aestheticallypleasing.

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• To pursue and encourage underground conduits for all existingutility and communication wiring in the Town.

• To require, to the greatest extent possible, that all new utility andcommunication wiring in the Town be placed underground.

• To discourage development of businesses which are likely to createlitter, constitute potential safety hazards or unreasonably increasenoise levels and traffic levels.

• To require that trash and garbage created by both commercial andresidential uses be confined at all times and promptly removed forboth health and aesthetic reasons.

• To encourage passage of an ordinance to control the amount oflight foot candles that spill onto adjoining properties within theTown.

• To encourage passage of a noise pollution ordinance regardingacceptable decibel levels.

• To promote and maintain recycling programs that will reuse asmuch material as possible.

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Economy

Goal:

To achieve a well balanced economic base for the community whichprovides a wide range of goods and services while protecting andmaintaining the Town's Historic District

Objectives and Strategies:

• To promote the identity of the Town as the center of retail trade forthe citizens of the Town and County.

• To ensure the provision of adequate public facilities for existing andfuture commercial sites.

• To ensure the continuance of neighborhood shops that provides theconvenience of local shopping for the Town's citizens.

• To promote opportunities for jobs and careers.

• To encourage clean, environmentally friendly commerce anddiscourage industries that do not adhere to these objectives.

• To ensure that an adequate supply of land exists for the controlledgrowth of new and expanding commercial activities through the useof boundary adjustments and/or annexations.

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Housing

Goal:

To encourage the provision of attractive, affordable and safe housingin a comfortable and friendly environment for all residents of the Townof Madison.

Objectives and Strategies:

• To promote a variety of housing types which are compatible withthe historic architecture of Main Street, recognizing the single familydwelling as the Town's predominant residential element.

• To promote and retain the overall feeling of residentialneighborhoods.

• To discourage high-rise residential development along the Town'swestern "view sheds".

• To encourage the passage of an ordinance relevant to therehabilitation and/or repair of deteriorated housing within the Town.

• To ensure that an adequate supply of raw land exists for thecontrolled growth of residential housing with emphasis on housingfor citizens of all ages.

• To protect residential developments from encroachment ofincompatible land uses.

• To promote energy conservation in the design, location andconstruction of new and rehabilitated housing.

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Transportation

Goal:

To facilitate ease of movement through and throughout the Town forpeople, goods and services, by providing an efficient transportationnetwork.

Objectives and Strategies:

• To promote the continuance of replacement and maintenance ofsidewalks, curbs, and gutters throughout the Town.

• To promote construction of sidewalks on Washington Street.

• To prevent further destruction to our historic structures andinfrastructure by working with VDOT to reduce through truck trafficin the Historic District.

• To work with VDOT to improve the speed limit signage located atthe Town's entrances

• To encourage VDOT to erect "no parking" signs on the east side ofMain Street

• To work with the Sheriff's Department to better enforce the lawfulspeed limit within the Town.

• To calm traffic, promote the use of paved crosswalks and otherdevices that would encourage harmonious pedestrian and vehiculartraffic within the Town.

• To support the development of commuter facilities convenient toRoute 29.

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Services

Goal:

To deliver effective services to enhance the welfare of the community.

Objectives:

• To maintain and upgrade street lighting.

• To maintain street gutters in a clean and safe manner.

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future Land Use Plan

Natural Resources:

The Town of Madison enjoys a western view of the Blue RidgeMountains afforded few towns. In order to protect this viewshed theTown should make sure its zoning ordinances and regulationsdiscourage any and all high-rise development, and cluster typebuildings on the western side of Main Street both in the Historic Districtand the entrances to the Town on Business Route 29.

Historic Preservation:

The very unique 19th century Historic District of the Town ofMadison must be protected, preserved and maintained.

To this end the establishment of a Review Board to administer thezoning ordinances and regulations that pertain to this historic districtshould be accomplished at the earliest opportunity. Authorization ofthis Board is found in the Code of Virginia, 1950, as amended, Title15.2-2306.

Likewise, the establishment of a Historic Resources Committeeshould be accomplished forthwith with the following objectives:

• Maintenance of the Town's records with regard to thehistoric district and its historic structures.

• Serve as an advisory committee to the Town Council andTown Planning Commission on matters pertaining to themaintenance and preservation of historic districts andhistoric structures.

It is most important that the Town continue to pursue the removal ofall overhead utility lines within the historic district. The numerous poleswith attached utility lines present an eyesore not in keeping with this19th century village currently celebrating its 206th birthday.

Economic Deve~opmentResidential' and Commercial Development

The Town of Madison currently has no available land for large scaledevelopment. As stated on page 10, there are fewer than 20 buildablelots within the Town of Madison. During the period of 2001-2005 nonew structures were built.

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Appendix A

Definitions of terms used in the Historic Structure Inventory

Architraves - The lowermost member of a classical entablature, restingoriginally upon columns. A molded or decorated band framing a panel oran opening, especialily a rectangular one, such as a door or window.

Bay - Any of a number of major vertical divisions of a large interior, wall,etc.

Corbel - Any bracket, especially one of brick or stone, usually of slightextent.

Hip Roof - The inclined projecting angle formed by the junction of asloping side and a sloping end, or of two adjacent sloping sides.

Pediment - A low gable or gable-like feature, typically triangular andoutlined with cornices.

Tympanum - The recessed, usually triangular, space enclosed betweenthe cornices of a pediment, often decorated with sculpture.

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DR.pt-}~A COpy OF THE -/

HISTORIC DISTRICTMAP WILL BE INSERTEDFOR PAGE NUMBER 41

41

2000 Census Figures, 6, 12ABC Store, 9,10Allegheny Power,. 17Allison, Henry (House), 18,22Appendix A

Definition of Terms, Historic Structure Inventory, 40Appendix B

Map of Historic District, 41Arcade Building, 18,22,23Architectural Review Board, 32, 39Authority, 1Autumn Care Nursing Home, 15Background, 1Banks, Eliza J.H. (House), 28Banks, William T. Home, 27Benjamin, Asher, 20, 24, 26

Practical House Carpenter, 24,26Beth Car Baptist Church, 29Blue Ridge Mountains, 1, 2, 13, 39Blue Ridge Turnpike, 3,19, 20Blue Ridge Turnpike Company, 3Building Inspector, 16Business Route 29, 9,10, 14,15,16, 17, 19,39Businesses, Town, 8

Moved north of Town on Business 29, 9Moved north of Town on Route 29, 10Moved south of Town on Route 29, 10

Cable TV, 17Carpenter, Thomas (House), 27Carpenter's Tavern, 18,21Carpenter, Samuel (Tavern), 18, 21Catherine Street, 14Cave, Belfield (House), 27Cave, William, 19,Chamber of Commerce, 7Charlottesville, 4,8, 12, 14, 15

Distance from, 4Child Development Center (Early Learning Center), 7Church (Historic), 28, 29Church Street, 9,11,14,16,28,29Clark, James Home, 29Clore Bungalow aka Steamboat House, 24Clore House, 24Code of Virginia, 1, 39Commercial (Historic Structure), 22, 23, 24, 27Commercial Development, 39Commercial Real Estate Office (Historic), 27Community Facilities, 17

Solid Waste Disposal - Recycling Program 17Utilities, 17

Community Services, 15Education, 15Government Services and Benefits Offices, 16

INDEX

Health Services, 15Library, 15, 20, 25Public Safety, 16Recreational Facilities, 16

Comprehensive Plan, 1,13Construction, New, 10Council, Town, iCounty Administration Building, 7, 15County Administrator, 16County Clerk's Office, 16, 21County Office Building, 11County Real Estate Holdings in Town, 11County Recreation Authority, 16County/State Govemment, 7County Treasurer's Office, 16County Zoning Office, 16Crisler House aka George Eve House, 23Detached House (Historic), 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29Detached House Outbuilding (Historic), 28 .Education, 15Eagle House, iii, 18, 19,21,22Earliest Structure, 19Early House aka James Clark Home, 29Economic Development, 39Economy, 7, 35

County/State Government, 7Goals, 30, 31, 32, 33, 35, 36, 37, 38Judicial,7Objectives and Strategies, 30Town Organizations, 7Town/State Government, 7

Eddins Ford, 10Education, 15Electricity, 17Elevation of Town, 13Employment,12

Percentages by Classification, 12Percentages by Industries, 12

Episcopal Church, 20, 28, 29Eve, George House (Crisler House), 23Existing Land Use, 14Federal Greek Revival, & Victorian, 1Finance, 13Finnell's Old Field, 2Fire Department - See Madison County Fire DepartmentFredericksburg, 3,4,8, 12, 15

Distance From, 4Future Land Use Plan, 39Garrett, Alexander, D, 19, 21Garth, Martha (House), 26Gas, Oil, 17Gazetter of Virginia, 1835, 2Germana Community College, 15

Gibbs, Charles (House), 27Gibbs, James (House), 18, 22Goals, 30, 31, 32, 33, 35, 36, 37, 38Gooding, John Richard (House), 27Government Services and Benefits Offices, 16Graph, Population Change, 6Greek Revival Style, 19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29Greene County, 12, 14Greystone TV and Appliance, 9Habitat for Humanity, 7Harrison, George, W. (House), 20, 29Harrisonburg, VA, 15Head Start, 7,14Health Department, 15, 16Historic District, ii, 17,18, 19,32,35,39Historic District Map, 41Historic Landmarks Commission, 1Historic Preservation, 39Historic Resources Committee, 32, 39Historic Structure Analysis, 19Historic Structure Inventory, 21Allison, Henry (James Gibbs),18, 21, 22Arcade, 22, 23Banks, Eliza J. H. (House), 28Banks, William T. (Home), 27Belfield Cave House (Thomas Carpenter House), 27Beth Car Baptist Church, 29Bleak Thrift House, 24Church (Presbyterian), 24Clerk's Office, 21Clore Bungalow aka Steamboat House, 24Commercial Real Estate Office, 27Crisler House aka George Eve House, 23Detached House, 25, 27, 28Detached House, Outbuilding, 28Eagle House, 21, 22Eagle Office, 23Early House aka James Clark Home, 29Family Store (Lohr), 23Garth, Martha (House), 26Gooding, John, Richard (House), 27Harrison, George, W. (House), 29Hunton House Hotel, 18, 24Kemper, Home, 25, 26Leitch, George H. (House), 24Madison County Courthouse, 21Madison County Library aka Thomas W. Lewis, 25Madison United Methodist Church, 28Masonic Hall, 26Miss Pattie's House aka Charles Gibbs House, 27Old Kreider House, 23Piedmont Episcopal Church, 28, 29Smith, George W. (House), 26Taylor House, 23Thrift, G. N. , 22Yager, William, B. (House), 24

1./.3

Historic Structures, Registered, 18Arcade Building, 18Carpenter, Samuel, (Tavern), 18Eagle House, 18Gibbs, James (House), 18Hunton House Hotel, 18Kemper House, 18Madison County Clerk's Office, 18Madison County Courthouse, 18Madison County Eagle, 18Madison Presbyterian Church, 18Piedmont Episcopal Church, 18Thrift House, 18

Historical Perspective, 2Historical Society, 3, 7Hoover Camp, 3Hoover, Herbert, 3Housing, 36Goals, 36Objectives and Strategies, 36

Hunton House Hotel, 18, 24Income, 13Income, Median Household, 13Internet Access, 17Introduction, 1Authority, 1Background, 1Purpose, 1

James Madison.University, 15Jefferson National Bank ... SEE WACHOVIAJefferson National Bank, 9, 10, 13Jefferson, Thomas, 19Jeffersonian Roman Revival, 19Judical,7Kemper, James, Lawson (1823-1895), 3Kemper Home (Kemper Mansion), 18, 20, 25LandfilllTransfer Station 17Land Use, 31Goals, 31Objectives, 31

Land Use, Existing, 14Land Use Plan, Future, 39Leitch, George H. (House), 24Lewis, Thomas, W. (House), 20, 25Library SEE MADISON COUNTY LIBRARYMadison County, 2,3,4,6,7,910,11,13,14,15,16,17,

19,20, 32, 35Madison County Courthouse, 2, 7, 11, 18,19,21,32Madison County Day, 3Madison County Eagle Office, 18, 23Madison County Library, 11,15, 20, 23Madison County Library, Inc, 11,15,20,25Madison County Post Office, 9Madison County Rescue Squad, 16Madison County Social Services Department, 10Madison County Volunteer Fire Department, 9, 10, 16

Madison Land and Realty, 10Madison Methodist Church, 7Madison Presbyterian Church,18Madison United Methodist Church, 20, 28Main Street, 2,9,10,11,14,15,19,21,22,23,24,25,26,

27,28,33,36,39Martin, Joseph, 2Masonic Hall (Lodge), 19,26Median Household Income, 13Merchants in Town, 8, 11, 20Methodist Church, 20Miss Pattie's House aka Charles Gibbs House, 27Mud Road, 14Natural Features, 13Natural Resources, 39New Contruction, Table of, 10Objectives and Strategies, 30,31,32, 33, 35, 36, 37,38Occupation Profile, 12Old Kreider House, 23Orange County, VA, 3, 4,8,12,19Organizations Located in Town, 7Phillips, William, B., 2, 19, 20, 21, 28Pictures, 21, 22, 23, 26, 29Arcade, 23Eagle House, 22Kemper Home, 26Madison County Courthouse, 21Piedmont Episcopal Church, 26

Piedmont Community College, 15, 28, 29Piedmond Episcopal Church, 18, 28, 29Planning Commission, I, 4, 39Population, 6Change (Graph), 6

Post Office, 9, 10Presbyterian Church, 9Pre-school, 7Property, 11County Holdings in Town, 11Non Profit Properties, 11Non Taxablerraxable, 11Pie Chart, 11

Professional Offices in Town, 8Public Safety, 16Purpose, 1Rapidan Service Authority (RSA), 17Rapphannock County, 19Raw Land, 9,31,36Recreational Facilities, 16Recycling, Portable Trailer, 17Recycling Program, 17Regional Setting, 4Residential Development, 39Richmond, VA, 4Distance from, 4

Route 231, 14, 19Route 231 (Virginia Scenic Byway), 14, 19

Route 522, 14Ruth Road, . 14Schoolhouse Road, 14 \.Schools, 15, 16Services, 38Services, In Town, 7,8Sheriffs Department, 37Sheriffs Office, f1, 16,Smith, George W.(House), 26Smith Road, 14Social Services, 16Social Services Department, 10Softball Diamond, 16Soils, Types of, 13Solid Waste Disposal - Recycling Program, 13, 17South Main Street, 9,26,27,28,Speed Limit, Enforcement of, 37State Troopers, 16Steamboat House, 24Street Lighting, 32,38Taxes, Paid by Town Residents, 13Taylor Home, 23Telephone, 17Thrift House, 18, 23Thrift Road, 14Town, Commercial Area, 14Town Council, i, 4,13,32,39Town Council Members, iTown of Madison, I, ii, 12,3,4,5,6,7,9,11,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,30,31,32,39Formation of Town, 2Goals, 30Growth of Town, 2Length & Width of Town, 14Objectives and Strategies, 30

Town Office, 16Town Organizations, 7Town Revenue, 13Meals Tax, 13Motor Vehicle Decal Tax, 13Real Estate Tax, 13

Town, County, State Governments in Town, 7County/State Listing of, 7Judicial, 7

Town Soil Types, 13Town Structure, 4-Town Subdivision Ordinance, 17Town Tax Base, 11Traffic Count, VDOT, 14Transportation, 37Goals, 37Objectives and Strategies, 37

Transportation Systems, 14Trash Removal, 34Trucks Through Town, 14, 37TV and Appliances, 9

Undeveloped Land, 39University of Virginia, 2, 15, 19,21Urban Design, 33

Goals, 33Objectives & Strategies, 33

US Route 29, 9, 10, 14,15 16, 17,37Importance to Town, 14

Utilities, 17Cable TV, 17Electricity, 17Gas I Oil, 17Telephone, 17Water I Sewer, 17

Utility Lines, 34, 39VDOT, 14,37VDOT, Traffic Count, 14Victorian, 1Virginia ABC Store, 9,10Virginia Cooperative Extension, 16Virginia Health Department, 15Virginia Historic Landmarks Commission Survey, 18Virginia Scenic Byway, 14, 19Wachovia Bank SEE JEFFERSON NA TIONAL BANK,

9, 10, 13War Memorial Building, 11Washington, DC, 4

Distance From, 4Washington Street, 9, 14, 17,24Water & Sewer (System), 17Waverly Yowell Elementary School, 16

Softball Diamond, 16Welch, Thomas C. (House), 20Yager, William, B. (House), 24