Tower of Babel the Cultural History of Our Ancestors

7/23/2019 Tower of Babel the Cultural History of Our Ancestors

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Fis ining: Mc 203

Coyig © 202 by Bodi Hodg. All igs svd. No o is book

my b usd o oducd in ny mnn wsov wiou win

mission o ublis, xc in cs o bi quoions in icls

nd viws. Fo inomion wi:

Ms Books®, P.O. Box 726, Gn Fos, AR 72638

Ms Books® is division o Nw L Publising Gou, Inc.

ISBN: 978-0-8905-75-4Liby o Congss Numb: 20393890

Cov by Din Bogdus

Unlss owis nod, Sciu quoions om Nw King Jms

Vsion o Bibl.

Sciu o o lss vss in x dnod in oonos xco Gnsis :–9 nd Gnsis 0, wic ound in c 4.

Pls consid qusing coy o is volum b ucsd by you

locl liby sysm.

Printed in the United States o America

Pls visi ou wbsi o o g ils:

www.msbooks.n

Fo inomion gding uo inviws,

ls conc ubliciy dmn (870) 438-5288

®



Dedication

o my mily (wic I guss, includs vyon)! Bu

sciclly, I would lik o ddic is book o my wi

(Rn), nd cildn (Kyli, Clb, nd Lcy) s wll s

my ns (Jim nd Cyl Hodg).



Acknowledgments

D. Elizb Micll, Fos Smi, D. Russll Full, D.

Dougls Klly, D. Andw Snlling, Kn Hm,

oy Lcy, Dvid Wig, Sv Fzks,

im Cy, nd Sv Goldn.

Photo credits

T-top, B-bottom, L-left, R-right, C-CenterWikimedia Commons: p. 41, p. 55, p. 56, p. 57T, p. 57B, p. 60T, p. 60C, p. 60B, p. 61, p. 63T, p.

63B, p. 67, p. 105, p. 109T, p. 109B, p. 126, p. 141T, p. 141B, p. 156T, p. 156B, p. 159, p. 168,

p. 170B, p. 175T

Images from Wikimedia Commons are used under the CC-BY-SA-3.0 license or the GNU Free

Documentation License, Version 1.3.

Shutterstock.com: p. 63C, p. 64T, p. 64B

The Schøyen Collection, MS 2063; www.schoyencollection.com: p. 51

Historical Textbook and Atlas of Biblical Geography (1854) by Lyman Coleman: p. 178

Answers in Genesis: p. 21, p. 47

Answers magazine: p. 222

From the author: p. 94, p. 97, p. 107T, p. 107B



able o Contents

Inoducion .........................................................................................................

C : How Do You Ponounc Babel , Anywy? ..................................... 3

C 2: W Kinds o Scic Acks A T? .................................. 7

C 3: Is Tis Rlly Biblicl Auoiy Issu? ...................................... 25

C 4: T Biblicl Accoun ........................................................................ 29

C 5: Isn’ T Condicion Bwn Gnsis 0

(Wold Hving Mulil Lngugs) nd (Wold

Hving On Lngug)? ........................................................................... 33

C 6: Wy W Pol Disobdin? .............................................. 35

C 7: Wn Did Scing Occu? ................................................... 37C 8: W Did Scing Occu? .................................................. 43

C 9: Ws ow o Bbl Buil o No? ............................................ 49

C 0: W Ws Puos o ow o Bbl? .......................... 53

C : W Did ow Look Lik? .................................................. 59

C 2: Did All ~7,000 Lngugs ody Com Ou o Bbl? ............. 65

C 3: W Abou Ex-Biblicl bls o Nions nd

Gnlogis T Go Bck o No? ...................................................... 75

C 4: Ws Nimod in Cg o Focing Rbllion Pio o

Evns in Gnsis :–9?.................................................................. 85

C 5: Did Coninns Sli in Dys o Plg? .......................... 93

C 6: By W Mns Did Tos Scing omBbl vl? ............................................................................................03

C 7: W Did All Pol Go Iniilly? ....................................3



C 8: W Abou Asi, Amics, nd Ausli? ..................... 83

C 9: W No’s T Sons ils? .............................................. 9

C 20: Did Tos Lisd in Accoun o ow o

Bbl Hv O Cildn Ty L Bbl? ............................. 95

C 2: Did Pol Rlly Liv Tos G Ags om

Cion Wll Ps ow o Bbl? ............................................... 99

C 22: W Abou Dcs in Ags? ...........................................205

C 23: W Abou Ancso Wosi? ................................................ 23

C 24: A T Any Ex-Biblicl Accouns o Lngug Sli? ........................................................................................22

C 25: T Oigin o Wiing ..................................................................227

C 26: W Ws Oiginl Lngug . . . nd How Ws

Moss Abl o Rd Suc xs Wn H Wo Gnsis? ............... 23

C 27: Ws Pncos Rvsl o W Hnd Bbl?..........24

C 28: Wy Is Biblicl Auoiy So Imon on Tis Issu? .......... 245

C 29: Conclusion: Sing Cis Bbl? ..........................................249

Andix: D o Job ....................................................................................... 253



Inoducion

Gnsis – is und ck in ody’s culu. In mny css, w d o

cks on Gnsis nd 2 w ms md o dd millions o

ys o cion wk. W s cks on Fll o mnkind in Gnsis3 w is dnil o liy o Adm nd Ev nd oiginl sin nd

nd o Svio. W obsv u cks wi dnil o Sn’s

involvmn by climing is no liy.2

W s cks on Gnsis 4 nd 5 wi llgd gs in gnlogis,

nd ms o squz ousnds o ys ino m (vn oug is dos

no l cs o millions o ys).3 Gnsis 6–9 v com und ck

wi som climing Flood ws jus locl vn nd ining Flood

ock lys s vidnc o millions o ys.4

. A book ckls is subjc is Kn Hm’s Te Lie: Evolution/Millions of Years (Gn

Fos, AR: Ms Books, 202).

2. A book ddsss cks on Gnsis 3 is Bodi Hodg’s Te Fall of Satan (Gn

Fos, AR: Ms Books, 20).

3. T cs dl wi is in Te New Answers Book 2, Kn Hm, gn. d.(Gn Fos, AR: Ms Books, 2008): “How Old Is E?” by Bodi Hodg, “A

T Gs in Gnsis Gnlogis?” by Ly Pic nd Kn Hm, nd “Dosn’Egyin Conology Pov T Bibl Is Unlibl?” by D. Elizb Micll.

4. T numous books ckl is subjc om im-onod clssic TeGenesis Flood by Ds. Hny Mois nd Jon Wicomb o D. Andw Snlling’s -is Earth’s Catastrophic Past . Also, Te New Answers Books 1, 2, nd 3 v numb o

cs discussing s cks.



2 Tower of BaBel

And, o cous, Gnsis 0 nd und sv ck s wll. Scol-

s wi o w occud ow o Bbl s myology nd dny

i ws isoicl vn. And cism uns mn, uld by ls

bli in “ig nd low volvd cs.” Sdly, is s vn inld

mny cucs, cusing m o bliv voluiony ids insd o ly-ing on biblicl uoiy.5 Pol simly dny, on i own uoiy,

Gnsis 0 nd uswoy. Bu is book will xmin mny o

cks nd ls clims (o n cism, wic s bn dl wi o-

ougly lsw) suounding Gnsis 0 nd by using Bibl s

uoiy nd sysmiclly sonding o s cking qusions wi

solid nsws.

T qusions nswd in is book sious qusions v bn

oosd o os wo bliv Bibl is u, nd in mny css y qusions is uo s d ov nd ov gin. Join m s w div ino

Bibl nd look ino isoy nd ology in God-onoing sion o

u s cks. No only will you undsnd bi mo bou ow o

dnd uoiy o Wod o God in ody’s g, bu you my cully

ln lil bou yousl nd you ncsy s wll — w ll go bck o

Bbl, ll.

5. A book cllngs voluion nd cism is Kn Hm nd D. Cls W’s One

Race, One Blood (Gn Fos, AR: Ms Books, 200).



3

Chapter 1

How Do You PonouncBabel, Anywy?

Bo w vn g sd on m o issus, nd bo w xm-in cks on ccoun o ow o Bbl, w nd o ddss

vy common qusion. And i is d o bliv c on is subjc

is woy o suc discussion, bu, bliv i o no, is is on o mos-

skd qusions I g on subjc o Bbl: “How do you onounc i?” So

l’s k som im o look is musing qusion!

What Do Dictionaries Say?

Dnding uon w you in Englis-sking wold, you willobbly g on o wo nsws (nd w viions o s):

. bā-bəl

2. b-bəl

I’m going to call these two bay-bel (i.e., rhyming with table) and ba-bel

(i.e., rhyming with dabble), respectively, in an efort to make this easier.

Merriam-Webster Dictionary online gives both o these pronunciations.1

My printed version o Merriam-Webster Dictionary (as well as Torndike-Barnhart ) lists both o these as well. Dictionary.com listed both

. Merriam-Webster Dictionary, s.v. “Bbl,” ://www.mim-wbs.com/diciony/

bbl (ccssd Fbuy 8, 202).



4 Tower of BaBel

pronunciations under its entry or Babel as do most dictionaries that were

consulted.2

What about the Etymology o the Pronunciation?

T ymology o ow Biis Englis ivd bay-bel coms om

Old Englis nd sligly uly nsliion o Hbw, wic w will

discuss blow. I did u sc on oigin o Englis wod nd

is onunciion nd ound i ws in us in Old Englis, ccoding o

Oxford English Dictionary .3 Tis mks sns sinc Wycli lso ns-

ld Bibl ino Middl Englis om Lin Vulg; so wod Babel

ldy xisd in Englis nd d icul onunciion io o is.

As mny know, Old Englis ws Gmnic in is oigin. In c, i ws in

syl o Ws Gmnic , wic is w Non Gmnic lngugs(Nos) lso os. Tis is bcus Jus nd Angls (w w g

nm Englis/Englnd om) w wll sld in Biis Isls (wi i

Gmnic lngugs). L, Sxons conqud nd sd ougou

Biin (lso Gmnic), oug muc o iming nd dils wi

soudd in isoy s is ook Bions bck ino gnism.4

Old Englis cngd ino Middl Englis, lgly bcus Nomn

(Fnc/Lin) oos nd lngug, bginning in 066 wn Willim

Conquo’s Nomns ook ov wi Nomn conqus o Englnd.T ld lngug n gv is o mo modn oms o Englis nd

vn svl vins o Middl Englis. Modn Englis is sill sub-clssd

in Gmn lngug mily.

What about Foreign Pronunciations Tat Inuenced English?

Fo is son, i is lul o know ow Gmns onouncd Bbl.

T Gmn onunciion is in ou lymn sns baw-bul , wic is clos o

ou scond onunciion in Amicn Englis. So , I v no bn blo nd w vin Gmnic dilcs dvi om is onunciion.5

In Fnc lngug, i uns ou y sy “bw-bl’” wi sss on

bel . Tis is lmos idnicl o Hbw, s w will s in momn. o

doubl cck on Lin-bsd oos, I lookd Bbl in Snis, no

Lin-bsd lngug; i is ba-bael (no din scond syllbl) wi

so a s wll.

2. Dictionary.com, s.v. “Babel,” http://dictionary.reerence.com/browse/babel (accessed Feb-ruary 8, 2012).

3. Oxford English Dictionary , s.v. “Bbl,” (ccssd Ocob 8, 202).

4. Pgnism involvd svg, immol, olyisic, uncivil, nd on nimisic cics.

5. A ollowing link, lisn oug vs 9, (is onunciion is om Lu’s dy):www.smon-onlin.d/sc.l?lng=d&id=2747.



Tower of BaBel 5

So bo Gmn nd Fnc/Lin oos sy Babel wi so a lik

Hbw (no by-bl), nd is is clos o scond onunciion lisd in

Wbs’s (b-bl). So i sms Qun’s Englis is only on

s by-bl, nd cid ov o Ss (nd sumbly o om

nd cun Biis ossssions).English Great Vowel Shif

A som oin in Englis isoy, ws couion om so

a (b-bl o bw-bl) in Bbl o long a (by-bl), bcus i dos no

com om Gmn o Fnc (o Hbw o Gk). I is ossibl i is

du o ccns o vious lngug mily, bu is is byond sco o

is c. Aon Po o God’s Bibl Scool nd Collg oind ou in

cosondnc (nd gv us mission o ci im):English’s Great Vowel Shif (GVS) may explain the “long-a” pro-

nunciation o Babel, at least in part: in Old and Middle English, a

“long a” was pronounced roughly as <a>, as in ather. In the Great

Vowel Shif — which took place over a number o years with inter-

mediate pronunciations — vowel pronunciation (but not spelling)

shifed “up” in the mouth. Essentially, this meant that the old “long

a” ended up with the sound ormerly assigned to e, which is the “ay”

sound we now have in babe or cave.6 (Previously babe would have

been pronounced something like “BAHB-uh.”) Assuming Babel to

have been pronounced “BAHB-uhl” beore the GVS, afer the shif its

a would likely have acquired the ”ay” sound, making it “BAYB-uhl.”

As “big icu” oin, is isoy is vling. Som quickly ssum

ws n Amicn couion om bay-bel o ba-bel bcus o -

sumd infunc o wods lik babble o babbling .7 Bu is my no b

cs. T onunciion wi so a my simly v bn boug by Euon immigns sking Fnc o Gmnic lngugs. In c,

Unid Ss ws lgly domind by Wsn Euon sls om

lgly Gmnic lngug mily nions (Gmny, Blgium, Dnmk,

Nowy, Swdn, Ausi, Swizlnd, c.) nd Fnc u unil 970, nd, s

y lnd Englis, Amicn lngug dvid mo nd mo om

Biis Englis.8

6. C.W. Millwd, A Biography of the English Language, 2nd d. (Boson, MA: Wdswo,996).

7. My xinc s bn mos Amicns sy “b-bl,” loug cin gions

nd o vo sying “by-bl” sill.

8. “Immigration Explorer,” Te New York imes, www.nytimes.com/interactive/2009/03/10/

us/20090310-immigration-explorer.html.



6 Tower of BaBel

Fom , is uo ound Hbw onunciion in bo

Strong’s nd Te Hebrew-English Dictionary is baw-bel’ . T sss is on

scond syllbl wi so a sound. I is sm Hbw wod o bo

Bbl nd Bbylon, l mi. T Gk quivln is Babulwn (bb-

oo-lon’). T Gk yilds so a sound simil o scond onunci-ion (b-bl) in Merriam-Webster Dictionary , nd is Gk infunc my

b wy scond onunciion gind ouliy.

Wn on lisns in Hbw o Gnsis cs 09 nd ,0 w i

mnions Bbl in vs 0 nd vs 9, scivly, i is onouncd wy

Strong’s nd Te Hebrew-English Dictionary indic (bw-bl’).

Conclusion

Bo Englis onunciions di sligly om Hbw, bu “scond” onunciion (b-bl) is cully bi clos. In Amicn Englis,

w would nomlly sy i bay-bel o ba-bel , sinc Mim-Wbs is

on o imy sndds o Amicn Englis lngug. In Englnd

oug, bay-bel is Oxod sndd. o b u o Hbw, i is baw-

bel’ . Ps bs oin cn b md on is is ol sill

cd by lngug division occud Bbl, nd is is obviously

cs, o lss dg, wi wod Babel. And vns Bbl,

i ws obbly onouncd muliud o wys nd y w ll coc!Signicantly, man’s thoughts o rebellion have been in eect since the Fall

o mankind (Genesis 3). Babel was no dierent. God said to be ruitul and

multiply and to ll the earth (Genesis 9:1,11) but man’s rebellious heart was

again disobedient so soon afer the Flood that these men tried to dey God’s

command by building a tower so they would not be scattered (Genesis 11:412).

On ody, w g cug u in dils o soming lik ow o

onounc Babel, nd y w don’ fc du o bllion gins oly

God, is scing o lngugs nd ol occud. As w sudy Sciu,

w nd o k in mind big icu o sin, bllion . . . nd, o cous,

Cis’s scicil wok o sv us om God’s igous judgmn.

Bu l’s now un ou nion o sious oblm in ody’s culu

nd xmin som o cks ssocid wi ow o Bbl.

9. “Gnsis 0,” Hbw Audio Bibl, Acdmy o Ancin Lngugs, ://www.ol.og/Hbw/AudioBibl/0_Gnsis/0-Gn_0.m3.

0. “Gnsis ,” Ibid.. Gnsis 9:: So God blssd No nd is sons, nd sid o m: “B uiul nd muli-

ly, nd ll .”

2. Gnsis :4 And y sid, “Com, l us build ouslvs ciy, nd ow wos o is

in vns; l us mk nm o ouslvs, ls w b scd bod ov co wol .”

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Tower of Babel the Cultural History of Our Ancestors