Towards Mass Production - TGZ Bitterfeld-Wolfen GmbH · 2018. 3. 7. · Towards Mass Production: Flexible Organic Photovoltaics Based on Vacuum-Deposited Small Molecules Benedikt

Towards Mass Production:

Flexible Organic Photovoltaics

Based on Vacuum-Deposited

Small Molecules

Benedikt Gburek, 7th November 2013

7th November 2013 © Heliatek GmbH www.heliatek.com

Overview

Towards Mass Production of Organic Solar Films 2

1. About Us

2. Technology

3. Efficiency and Lifetime

4. Manufacturing

5. Key Benefits

6. Markets and Applications


About Us

Technology leader in Organic PV

7th November 2013 © Heliatek GmbH www.heliatek.com Towards Mass Production of Organic Solar Films 4

About Heliatek

Started in 2006 as joint spin-off from TU Dresden and University Ulm with seed funding by HTGF

Investors: BASF, Bosch, Wellington, RWE, e-Capital, TGFS, HTGF (S 28M€)

Focus 2006-2009: Technology Platform (Efficiency, Lifetime, Modules on Glass)

Focus since 2010: Transfer to PET, vacuum R2R deposition

Current headcount: 75


Our 4 Core Competencies Unique in-house feedback loop for continuous improvement

II

III IV

I

Stack architecture

Physics lab in Dresden with 14 physicists specialized in organic electronics

R2R production

First production site in Dresden with 23 engineers and operators

Materials development

Chemistry lab in Ulm with 11 chemists specialized in

organic materials

OPV business development

Experienced management and solar specialists for

market entry


Awards

Dr. Pfeiffer (CTO), together with Prof. Leo and Dr. Blochwitz-Nimoth, won the 2011 Deutscher Zukunftspreis, the German President's Award for Technology and Innovation, for their achievements in organic electronics.

Heliatek wins 2012 Materials Award for its breakthrough solar cell technology at IDTechEx Printed Electronics.

Heliatek takes Silver at Ecosummit Award 2012 for being one of the most promising startups in the cleantech sector.

Heliatek is for the third time in a row Global Cleantech 100 company selected by Cleantech Group in collaboration with the UK’s Guardian News and Media

Excerpt of 2011 and 2012 Awards

Technology



Vacuum deposition of small molecules

Oligomers enable the use of well defined, high purity materials

- They have defined lengths

- No need of extended solvating side-groups

- Purification by gradient sublimation

No need for solvents (chlorinated, potentially toxic)

Oligomers enable the preparation of optimized multilayer devices

- Ideally suited for preparing tandem cells

- Avoid interface degradation by adding dedicated (doped) interlayers

Established, reliable method for large scale manufacturing (e.g. OLED)

Linear sources up to 2 m wide are available for homogeneous deposition

Oligomers vs. Polymers: The right choice

S

S

S

S

O

O

F

O O

S

S

S

S

O

O

F

O O

S

S

S

S

O

O

F

O O

S

S

S

S

S

N

N N

N

Oligomers Polymers


TCO front electrode

-

+

p

n

p

n

Organic vacuum deposited layers:

Total thickness 250 nm

Only 1 gram organic material

per m²

Plastic substrate

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +

Organic absorber 1

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +

Organic absorber 2

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Metal back electrode

Physics: Tandem Devices Patented, highly efficient tandem cells

d

Optical

Engineering:

Absorber layers

are placed in

the respective

interference

maxima.

Heliatek designs and optically engineers tandem cells:


TCO front electrode

-

+

p

n

p

n

Organic vacuum deposited layers:

Total thickness 250 nm

Only 1 gram organic material

per m²

Plastic substrate

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +

Organic absorber 1

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + +

Organic absorber 2

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Metal back electrode

Physics: Tandem Devices Patented, highly efficient tandem cells

d Tandem Cell Technology:

• Optimum harvesting of

complete sun spectrum

• Doubled photovoltage

Heliatek designs and optically engineers tandem cells:


Efficiency and Lifetime


12 % Efficiency – new world Record for OPV

12% PCE December 2012

Measured by SGS at standard test conditions (December 2012)


12 % Efficiency – new world Record for OPV Measured by SGS at standard test conditions (December 2012)

Heliatek’s patented p-i-n tandem cell

• Proprietary absorbers developed and synthesized by Heliatek and

University Ulm

• 5th OPV record efficiency in sequence

Po

we

r c

on

ve

rsio

n e

ffic

ien

cy


142 cm²-Module on Glass

Efficiency on active area: 9,8 %

Record efficiencies thanks to minimum upscaling losses

7 Cells in Series Active Area

122 cm² Total Area 142 cm²

VOC 18.7 V 18.7 V

VOC per cell 2.67 V 2.67 V

JSC mA/cm² 0.77 0.66

FF 68 % 68 %

Efficiency 9.8 % 8.4 %


Efficiency Development for Cells >1 cm² on PET Closing the gap between cells on glass and PET substrate

Rapid progress in transferring our technology from glass to PET film

FF for samples on glass has been reproduced

Mainly optical losses due to increased surface reflection and lower optical quality of ITO

Eff

icie

nc

y [

%]


Lifetime: Stable Oligomer Cells


Still > 95 % efficiency after 1,800 hrs both in light soaking test and at 85 °C

Extrapolated light soaking lifetime T80: 13,600 h (equals approx. 24 yrs.)

Extrapolated heat lifetime T80: 12,200 h

Even the 9.8 %-cell can stand 1,000 h at 85 °C with less than 5 % degradation

Glass-glass encapsulation

No

rma

lize

d e

ffic

ien

cy [

%]

Time [hrs]

Aging tests performed on 8.3% record cell

1,000 h required for IEC


Manufacturing


Unique R2R vacuum production Precise and homogeneous production process for little upscaling losses


Unique R2R vacuum production Precise and homogeneous production process for little upscaling losses

Roll-to-roll process

• Continuous process

• 500 m long rolls

• 0.30 m wide web

Vapor deposition

• Linear sources

• Homogeneous deposition

• Multi-layer stack

• Low temperature (120 °C)

Laser structuring

• Precise process

• Ultra narrow scribes

• Minimum area losses


Key Benefits


Key Benefit #1: Ease of integration

Robust, ultra-thin and ultra-light solar films allow for easy integration

The future is light

500 g/m²

12 kg/m²

17 kg/m²

Crystalline modules Thin film modules Heliatek modules


Our solar films can be tailored to your design requirements:

Key Benefit #2: New Solar Aesthetics The freedom of possibilities

Custom-designed dimensions

Homogeneous surface

Numerous colors

Flexible

Less than 1 mm thick solar films

Adjustable transparency levels


Key Benefit #3: Superior Harvesting Factor SmoleculesTM with a big impact

Superior low light characteristics

put others in the shade:

Perfect for less sunny, northern regions or

façades/applications with poor orientation.

Perfect for hot, southern regions or

applications with little ventilation.

High temperature resistance

to stay cool under pressure:


Key Benefit #4: The TRULY green solar technology

Extremely short energy payback time (< 6 months)

Only 1 gram organic material per m²

Low energy used in production thanks to low process temperatures

Toxic-free manufacturing process

Only organic materials, no heavy metals in cells

Produced with abundant materials, without risk of shortages

Easy disposal at end of life cycle

Consistently green solar energy


Market & Applications


B2B Business Model Adding functionality to traditional applications

i-DIS

TRIB

UTO

R

Solar film

Consumer

Application

=

• Electronics

• Marine

• Camping

• Energy-2-Go

• Home Interior

+

i-Distributor

B2

B•

2C

Mo

de

l

Irobot from Leonard

OPV

Application

PA

RTN

ER

Solar film

Manufacturer =

• Glass

• Concrete

• Metal

• Membranes

• Polycarbonate

+

Partner material

B2

B•

2B

Mo

de

l

Material

OPV


Summary

OPV offers unique features for BIPV

low weight, flexible, easy to integrate

new aesthetics

superior high temperature and low light performance

truly green

real transparency

Heliatek

has established a first small scale production line

is looking for investors for a 100MW line


Coworkers and People Involved in

Heliatek’s Network

Universität Ulm, Abteilung organische Chemie II:

P. Bäuerle, E. Reinold, A. Mishra et al.

Institut für Angewandte Photophysik (TU Dresden):

M. Riede, L. Müller-Messkamp, K. Leo et al.

BASF SE:

P. Erk et al.

Bosch GmbH:

W. Volz et al.

Novaled AG, Dresden:

A. Werner, J. Blochwitz-Niemoth et al.

FHR Anlagenbau

3D Micromac, Chemnitz

Fraunhofer COMEDD

Fraunhofer IWS

Fraunhofer FEP

Institut für Polymerforschung (IPF), Dresden

Creaphys GmbH, Dresden


Acknowledgement


Research and development work, as well as the installation of production technology, has been funded by:

The Sächsische Aufbaubank (SAB)

The BMBF (German Secretary for Education and Science)

The BMWi (Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology)

The European Fund for Regional Development (EFRE)

Our investors:

BASF VC

Bosch

RWE Innogy

Wellington Partners

SIB

TGFS

GP Bullhound

BMBF: Contract Nr. 13N9716, 13N9869; SAB: Contract Nr. 71070 (UFOS)/Bewilligung Nr. 4014-7654 (GA)


Heliatek Team

Thank you

for your attention www.heliatek.com


Benedikt Gburek, Ph.D.

Development Engineer New Electrodes

Heliatek GmbH

Treidlerstraße 3

01139 Dresden, Germany

T (+49-351) 213 034-477

F (+49-351) 213 034-40

[email protected]


Documents

Towards Mass Production - TGZ Bitterfeld-Wolfen GmbH · 2018. 3. 7. · Towards Mass Production: Flexible Organic Photovoltaics Based on Vacuum-Deposited Small Molecules Benedikt