Tourism Theory - Maslow

7/24/2019 Tourism Theory - Maslow

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TOURISM POLICY, PLANNING &DEVELOPMENT (HZL 5013)

MASLOW’S HUMAN NEEDS MODEL

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MASLOW’S HUMAN NEEDSMODEL

Abraham Maslow developed a theory of

personality

Self-Actualization

Esteem

Social

Safety

Physiological



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• P9%2-*:-;"* N#2

These are biological needs. They consist of needs foroxygen, food, water, and a relatively constant body

temperature. They are the strongest needs because ifa person were deprived of all needs, the physiologicalones would come rst in the person!s search forsatisfaction.

• S"<% N#2

"hen all physiological needs are satised and are nolonger controlling thoughts and behaviors, the needsfor security can become active. Adults have littleawareness of their security needs except in times ofemergency or periods of disorgani#ation in the socialstructure $such as widespread rioting%. &hildren oftendisplay the signs of insecurity and the need to besafe.



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• N#2 < L4, A=;-+ "+# >*+:-+:+22

"hen the needs for safety and for physiological well(being are satised, the next class of needs for love,a)ection and belongingness can emerge. Maslow

states that people see* to overcome feelings ofloneliness and alienation. This involves both giving andreceiving love, a)ection and the sense of belonging.

• N#2 <r E2

"hen the rst three classes of needs are satised, theneeds for esteem can become dominant. Theseinvolve needs for both self(esteem and for the esteema person gets from others. +umans have a need for astable, rmly based, high level of self(respect, and

respect from others. "hen these needs are satised,the person feels self(condent and valuable as aperson in the world. "hen these needs are frustrated,the person feels inferior, wea*, helpless and worthless.



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"hen all of the foregoing needs are satised, thenand only then are the needs for self(actuali#ationactivated. Maslow describes self(actuali#ation as aperson!s need to be and do that which the person was-born to do.- -A musician must ma*e music, an artistmust paint, and a poet must write.- These needsma*e themselves felt in signs of restlessness. The

person feels on edge, tense, lac*ing something, inshort, restless. f a person is hungry, unsafe, not lovedor accepted, or lac*ing self(esteem, it is very easy to*now what the person is restless about. t is notalways clear what a person wants when there is a

need for self(actuali#ation.



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The article referencesrma Ti**anen, 0Maslow1s hierarchy and foodtourism in inland ve cases4 5ritish ood

6ournal, 5radford 2778. 9ol. :7;, ss.;< pg.82:

Studies

Psychological

aspects

Consumer

behavior

Food

processing

industry

Tourism



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Abstract

• To explore sectors of food tourism in

inland using Maslow1s hierarchy of needs.

• =revious research concentrates on role offood as an attraction, as culturalphenomenon and as an experience

• ood from productional and motivational

viewpoints is reviewed brie>y



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[email protected]• 5ased on empirical data consists both

secondary data and an interview

• indings introduce sectors of foodtourism where needs and motivations arelin*ed with Maslow1s hierarchy of needs

• mplied that food tourism promoters could

emphasi#e the needs and motivationswhen mar*eting food tourism services



;

[email protected]

• ectors of food tourism in inland classiedby the hierarchy of needs are presented

• =ractical implications for food tourismpromoter

• Thus o)ering motivations for food tourism



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BTCDATEDC DC9C"

The ndings t neatly within Maslow1shierarchy of needs. Feeds and motivationslie behind all behaviour

• ood as tourist attraction which focuses on

"estern touris to well(developed "esterndestinations. ood in tourism as an attractionand impedient stresses the complications andimpediments experienced by the tourist in

the local culinary sphere in unfamiliardestinations.



::

BTCDATEDC DC9C"

'. oodstu)s as a tourist product component.Multiple factors in>uencing the foodstu) volumeand consumption structure as the tourist productcomponent

• ood experience in tourism. Guan and "ang$277'% introduced the conceptual model of touristexperience with two dimensions

H pea* tourist refer to the experience of theattractions that constitute the maIor

motivations for tourism.

( basic consumer needs on the Iourney such aseating, sleeping and transport which do notconstitute the maIor motivations for tourism



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BTCDATEDC DC9C"

/. The role of food in culture. Guan and"ang $277'% where food consumption isregarded as one of the most importantfactors in the destination mar*eting

development.8. Bin*ages between tourism and food

production. The relationships between

food production and tourism range fromthe con>ict over competition for land,labour and capital to a symbiosis whereboth sectors mutually benet from each

other $Telfer and "all, :;;/%



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FJFK

"hen physiological needs are themotivation for food tourism, food is then

seen as a tourist attraction . ood tourism related to safety needs

consist mainly of domestic andinternational food as well as health andsafety conferences, where participantsare mostly university researchers, healthoLcers, retailers etc



:'

&ont@FJFK

ood is becoming the focal points offestivals and specials events that attracts

tourists as well as local residents . =rovincial a la carte proIects have been

established to promote culinary foodtourism.

ood experts, such as coo*s, restaurantmanagers, food wholesale buyers etc., arebusiness tourists when they travel aroundthe world in order to see* new *inds ofculinary ideas and new food products



:

FJFK

"hen physiological needs are themotivation for food tourism, food is then

seen as a tourist attraction . ood tourism related to safety needs

consist mainly of domestic andinternational food as well as health andsafety conferences, where participantsare mostly university researchers, healthoLcers, retailers etc



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Tourism Theory - Maslow