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© 2015 Brian N. Larson Topic: Peer review Page 1 Topic: Peer review This topic page includes introductory information, a list of readings, and questions to guide your reading and prepare you for class discussion; it may also include an individual or group assignment, which may or may not be graded. Introduction Many times during this semester, you will be called on to provide a peer review to a classmate on a project or part of a project. You will also receive a peer review on each such project. Peer review provides two very different pedagogical benefits: 1. Getting feedback from another audience on your communications is a good way to improve your project. 2. Learning how to review someone else’s communication and give constructive feedback on it is excellent training for being able to review your own communications and edit them yourself. The act of reviewing many communications by many other authors can help you to distance yourself from the texts 1 you review, so that when you look over your own communications, you can approach them with some detachment. Readings for this topic Read the following entries in Alred, Brusaw and Oliu (2015; “ABO”). “revision” (including the Digital Tip: Incorporating Tracked Changes on p. 504) “proofreading” Breuch, L.K. (2010). Peer review tutorial. (Available in the resources tab on TSquare.) Reading questions While reading ABO, consider the following thoughts: ABO describes three stages of proofreading, “Firststage,” “Secondstage,” and “Finalstage” review. Larson has problems with this on two levels. First, it suggests there are three stages, when in fact there may be one or five (or any other number of) stages. Second, it places the “Survey of your overall goals: audience needs and purpose” in the final stage. But Larson strongly suggests the following process for proofreading your own papers and those of others: o First: Look at whether the text is structured so as to meet the needs of the audience in this rhetorical situation. “Don’t sweat the small stuff” means not to worry about the details. If the text fails overall to achieve its purpose, no amount of editing of grammar, usage, and punctuation will fix it; and as it would need to be revised significantly, the copyediting could be wasted if edited text is later deleted or completely rewritten. o Second: Look at the midlevel organization (if the document is written in prose). Does every paragraph have an apparent purpose? Does it provide support for that purpose? If the document is in another mode (video, let’s say), do its larger parts 1 Construing that term broadly to include multimodal texts.

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©  2015  Brian  N.  Larson   Topic:  Peer  review   Page  1  

Topic:  Peer  review  This  topic  page  includes  introductory  information,  a  list  of  readings,  and  questions  to  guide  your  reading  and  prepare  you  for  class  discussion;  it  may  also  include  an  individual  or  group  assignment,  which  may  or  may  not  be  graded.  

Introduction  Many  times  during  this  semester,  you  will  be  called  on  to  provide  a  peer  review  to  a  classmate  on  a  project  or  part  of  a  project.  You  will  also  receive  a  peer  review  on  each  such  project.  Peer  review  provides  two  very  different  pedagogical  benefits:  

1. Getting  feedback  from  another  audience  on  your  communications  is  a  good  way  to  improve  your  project.  

2. Learning  how  to  review  someone  else’s  communication  and  give  constructive  feedback  on  it  is  excellent  training  for  being  able  to  review  your  own  communications  and  edit  them  yourself.  The  act  of  reviewing  many  communications  by  many  other  authors  can  help  you  to  distance  yourself  from  the  texts1  you  review,  so  that  when  you  look  over  your  own  communications,  you  can  approach  them  with  some  detachment.  

Readings  for  this  topic  Read  the  following  entries  in  Alred,  Brusaw  and  Oliu  (2015;  “ABO”).    

• “revision”  (including  the  Digital  Tip:  Incorporating  Tracked  Changes  on  p.  504)  • “proofreading”  

 Breuch,  L.K.  (2010).  Peer  review  tutorial.  (Available  in  the  resources  tab  on  T-­‐Square.)  

Reading  questions  While  reading  ABO,  consider  the  following  thoughts:  

• ABO  describes  three  stages  of  proofreading,  “First-­‐stage,”  “Second-­‐stage,”  and  “Final-­‐stage”  review.  Larson  has  problems  with  this  on  two  levels.  First,  it  suggests  there  are  three  stages,  when  in  fact  there  may  be  one  or  five  (or  any  other  number  of)  stages.  Second,  it  places  the  “Survey  of  your  overall  goals:  audience  needs  and  purpose”  in  the  final  stage.  But  Larson  strongly  suggests  the  following  process  for  proofreading  your  own  papers  and  those  of  others:  

o First:  Look  at  whether  the  text  is  structured  so  as  to  meet  the  needs  of  the  audience  in  this  rhetorical  situation.  “Don’t  sweat  the  small  stuff”  means  not  to  worry  about  the  details.  If  the  text  fails  overall  to  achieve  its  purpose,  no  amount  of  editing  of  grammar,  usage,  and  punctuation  will  fix  it;  and  as  it  would  need  to  be  revised  significantly,  the  copyediting  could  be  wasted  if  edited  text  is  later  deleted  or  completely  rewritten.  

o Second:  Look  at  the  mid-­‐level  organization  (if  the  document  is  written  in  prose).  Does  every  paragraph  have  an  apparent  purpose?  Does  it  provide  support  for  that  purpose?  If  the  document  is  in  another  mode  (video,  let’s  say),  do  its  larger  parts  

                                                                                                               1  Construing  that  term  broadly  to  include  multimodal  texts.  

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©  2015  Brian  N.  Larson   Topic:  Peer  review   Page  2  

contribute  to  the  overall  message—do  they  advance  the  author’s  purpose  in  the  rhetorical  situation?  

o Third:  Look  at  the  details.  If  the  higher-­‐level  issues  (rhetorical  purpose,  organization,  paragraph  structure,  etc.)  are  well-­‐addressed,  then  invest  time  in  correcting  typos  or  identifying  minor  stylistic  problems.  

• For  this  class,  you  should  know  how  to  proofread  a  document  using  Microsoft  Word’s  comment  and  track-­‐changes  functions  and  using  markup  features  of  a  software  package  that  can  read  and  edit  PDF  files.  If  you  do  not  know  how  to  do  these  things,  you  should  do  a  web  search  to  find  instructions  appropriate  for  the  software  on  your  computer.  

 When  reading  the  Breuch  guidelines  for  peer  review,  keep  in  mind  the  following:  

• You  may  be  reviewing  a  text  from  another  student  that  is  not  in  Microsoft  Word,  so  don’t  always  expect  to  be  able  to  use  Word’s  features  for  peer  review.  

• Some  of  the  menu  selections  in  this  essay  are  outdated  and  don’t  work  with  newer  versions  of  Word  or  versions  on  Windows  vs.  Mac.  You  can  always  find  instructions  for  your  software  by  doing  a  web  search.  

Classroom  activities  for  this  topic  None.  

Assignments  for  this  topic  None.  

Works  cited  Alred,  G.  J.,  Brusaw,  C.  T.,  &  Oliu,  W.  E.  (2015).  Handbook  of  Technical  Writing  (11th  edition).  

Boston:  Bedford/St.  Martin’s.