TOP TEN DEADLIEST Earthquakes and

Volcanoes By: Bridghid Kelly, Elahni Martinez, Andral Scarlett

What are Earthquakes and Volcanoes

Earthquake: An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. (Wikipedia)

Volcanoes: A volcano is an opening, or rupture, in a planet's surface or crust, which allows hot magma, volcanic ash and gases to escape from below the surface. (Wikipedia)

EARTHQUAKES

Tenth Deadliest Earthquake:Chimbote, Peru

Occurrence: May 31, 1970 Magnitude: 7.9 Epicenter: 15 miles away from city, in

Pacific. Damage: Many of the people in this

village; approximately 70,000 died and about 800,000 left homeless. The Huascaran mountain, destroyed whole villages.

Ninth Deadliest Earthquake: Messina, Italy

Occurrence: December 28, 1908 Magnitude: 7.5 Depth: 40 feet Casualties: 80,000 Damage: Thousands were killed and

dozens of towns destroyed. Many transported to the north, relocating and fleeing their country.

Eight Deadliest Earthquake: Kashmir, Pakistan

Occurrence: October 8, 2005 Magnitude: 7.6 Casualties: 79,000 Damage: Other than killing thousands,

the earthquake left even more people homeless. Also, all the damage done made it hard for crews to rescue the injured.

Seventh Deadliest Earthquake:Sichuan Province, China

Occurrence: August 30, 2008 Magnitude: 7.9 Casualties: 87,000 Damage: This earthquake destroyed

millions of buildings. Among these many buildings were schools. Any child in a school that collapsed was crushed, an estimated total of 10,000 children.

Sixth Deadliest Earthquake: Turkmenistan

Occurrence: October, 1948 Magnitude: 7.3 Casualties: 1110,000 Damage: thousands of nurses and other

medical personnel flooded from Moscow and other cities. Many people lost lives and homes and villages were perished.

Fifth Deadliest Earthquake Kanto, Japan

Occurrence: September 1, 1923 Magnitude: 7.9 Depth: 40 feet ( 12 m.) Casualties: 143,000 Damage: 90% of the Yokohama’s

buildings were reportedly damaged or ruined, two-fifths of Tokyo's population was destroyed.

Fourth Deadliest Earthquake Haiyuan, China

Occurrence: December 16, 1920 Magnitude:7.8 Casualties: 200,000 Damage: This earthquake sent rivers

flowing of their usual courses, which, in turn, caused landslides in many different places.

Third Deadliest Earthquake:Indian Ocean Tsunami

Occurrence: December 26, 2004 Magnitude: 9.2 Casualties: 227,898 Damage: The epicenter being in the

Indian Ocean, the earthquake sent waves as high as fifty feet towards coasts.

Second Deadliest Earthquake:Tangshan, China

Occurrence: July 28, 1976 Magnitude: 7.8 Casualties: 700,000 Damage: In cities that only felt the

tremor of that quake 85% of the buildings collapsed. Needless to say anybody who was in a building where the earthquake did take place were buried under the ruins of buildings.

First Deadliest Earthquake:Shaanxi, China

Occurrence: January 23, 1556 Magnitude: 8.0 Casualties: 830,000 Damage: From the massive strength, and

landslides an area of about 500 miles was taken out.

Pictures of Earthquakes

VOLCANOES

Tenth Deadliest Volcano:Mount Vesuvius, Italy

Occurrence of Eruption: August 24 AD 79 Casualties: 3,360 Duration: 19 hours Damage: Destroyed the Roman cities;

Herculaneum and Pompeii.

Ninth Deadliest Volcano:Mount Vesuvius, Italy

Occurrence of Eruption: December 1631 Casualties: 3,500 Damage: this eruption took on almost

3,500 residents and their village settlements.

Eighth Deadliest Volcano:Galunggung, Indonesia

Occurrence of Eruption: 1882 Casualties: 4,011 Damage: thousands of lives were lost.

Many houses were damaged, and it brought the great horrors of acid rain the this country.

Seventh Deadliest Volcano:Kelut, Indonesia

Occurrence of Eruption: 1919 Casualties: 5,110 Damage: killed about 5,000 people. Lives

have been lost and many items that were built by the people, for the people had been destroyed. Great mudslides also occurred.

Sixth Deadliest Volcano:Laki, Iceland

Occurrence of Eruption: June 8,1783 Casualties: 9,350 Damage: Ravaged the livestock, flooded

the plains, pushed the populace to their doom by famine

Fifth Deadliest Volcano:Mount Unzen, Japan

Occurrence of Eruption : 1792 Casualties: 14,300 Damage: this eruption triggered

megatsunami which killed thousands of people.

Fourth Deadliest Volcano:Mount Ruiz, Colombia

Occurrence of Eruption: October 1985 Casualties: 25,000 Volcanic Explosive Index: 3 Damage: a great mudslide occurred and

ruined thousands of homes. Many families had been separated. Thousands lost lives.

Third Deadliest Volcano:Mount Pelee, Martinique

Occurrence of Eruption: April 25 - May 1902

Casualties: 30,000 Damage: a dark black cloud covered the

whole entire city, also claiming many other vitcums due to its sheer heat.

Second Deadliest Volcano:Krakatoa Volcanic Island, Indonesia

Occurrence of Eruption: August 1883 Casualties: 36,417 Damage: Destroyed the whole entire city

of Merak. Two-thirds of their country had been wiped out.

Volcanic Explosive Index: 6

First Deadliest Volcano: Mount Tambora, Indonesia

Occurrence of Eruption: April 1815 Casualties: 92,000 Volcanic Explosive Index: 7 Damage: much destruction of the crops

and their famine in the Northern Hemisphere,

Pictures of Volcanoes