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Top Institute of the Country for best Solution of continous changeable Examination Pattern
SYLLABUS EXPLAINED
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UPSC/UPPCS
1. History
2. Indian Culture
3. Geography
4. Polity & Governance
5. Economy
6. General Science
7. Science & Technology
8. Ecology & EnvironmentPR
E. &
MA
INS
ON
LY
MA
INS
1. Indian Society Features &
Social Justice
2. International Relations
3. Internal Security
4. Ethics, Integrity & Aptitude
MICRO TOPICS LISTING
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HISTORY
1. PRE HISTORIC CULTURES IN INDIAPeriodization of Indian pre historySources of pre historyStone age� Paleolithic (2 million BC-10,000 BC)� Mesolithic (10,000 BC - 8,000 BC)� Paleolithic (8000 BC - 4000 BC)Chaclcolithic Age (4000 BC-1500 BC)Iron age (1500 BC - 200 BC)Impact of Iron
2. Pastoral and Farming Communitiesq Neolithic Phaseq Chalcolithic Phaseq Early Iron Phaseq Geographical Distribution and Characteristics
3. Indus Valley Civilizationq Major citiesq Town Planningq Harappan Tradeq Agricultureq Domestication of animalsq Craftsq Religionq Harappan Potteryq Weights and Measuresq Script and Languageq Imagesq Decline of Harappan Culture
4. Vedic Societyq Original Home of Aryansq Features of Aryan Cultureq Vedic Textsq Sources for Reconstruction Vedic Society and
Cultureq Geography of the Rig Vedic Period and
geographby of the later Vedic Phasesq Economic Conditionsq Political Organisation and Varna Systemq Religion and Thought
5. Pre Mauryan Periodq Formation of statesq The Sixteen Mahajanapadasq Republicsq Rise of urban centres
q Haryanka dynastyq Shishunaga dynastyq Nanda dynasty
6. The Mauryan Empireq Chandragupta and Bindusaraq Megasthenesq Ashoka and His Successorsq Ashok's Incriptions and Sitesq Ashok's Dhammaq Mauryan, Administration, Economy, Society and
Artq The Arthasastra
7. Post-Mauryan India (200-300AD)q Society: Evolution of Jatisq Sangam Texts-and Societyq Satavahansa and Other Indigenous Dynastiesq Foreign Dynastiesq Commercial Contacts with the Outside Worldq Schools of Art
8. Growth of Jainism and Buddhismq Jainismq Buddhism
9. Imperial Guptasq Sources of Gupta Ruleq Political history of Guptasq Fahienq Gupta Administrationq Gupta Cultureq Urban Centres in Gupta periodq Economic Conditions
10. Harshavardanaq Sources for Harsha's Periodq Early life of Harshaq Harsha's Administrationq Important Officials of the empireq Economy under Harshaq Societyq Religion
11. The Southern Dynastiesq The Shathavahanas (230 BC TO 225)
q The Pallavas (AD 330-796)
q The Chalukyas (AD 535-1190)
q The Pandyas of Madurai (AD 590-1323)
SECTION - ASYLLABUS EXPLAINED : PRE CUM MAINS
qqq
q
2 CENTRE FOR AMBITION
1. CENTRAL ASIAN POLITICS AND THE ADVANCE OF BABUR(TOWARDS INDIA)q The Timurids
q The Timurid-Uzbek and Uzbek-Iran Conflict andBabur
q Babur's Advance towards India
2. STRUGLE FOR EMPIRE IN NORTH-INDIA (AFGHANS,RAJPUTS AND MUGHALS)q Struggle between Ibrahim Lodi and Babur
q The Battle of Panipat
q Babur's problems after the Battle of Panipat
q Struggle with Rana Sanga
q Problems of the Eastern Areas and the Afghans
q Babur's Contribution and Significance of hisAdvent into India
3. STRUGGLE FOR EMPIRE IN NORTH INDIAq Humayun and the Afghans
q Early Activities of Humayun, and the Tussle withBhadur Shah
q The Gujarat Campaign
q The Bengal Campaign and Struggle with SherKhan
4. THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE NORTH INDIAN EMPIREq The Surs
q Sher Shah's Early Life
q Social and Political Background of Bihar and theRise of Sher Shah to Power.
q The Sur Empire (1540-56)
q Contributions of Sher Shah
5. CONSOLIDATION AND EXPANSION OF THE EMPIRE-AKBARq Conflict with the Afghans-Hemu
q Struggle with the Nobility: Bairam Khan's
q Regency : Revolt of Uzbek Nobles
q Early Expansion of the Empire (1560-76) - Malwa,Garh-Katanga, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Eastern India
q Relations with the Rajputs-Growth of a Compos-ite Ruling Class
q Rebellions, and Further Expansion of the Empirein the North West
6. STATE AND GOVERNMENT UNDER AKBARq Akbar's Concept of Suzerainty
q Structure of Government, Central and Provincialthe Vikalat, the Central Ministries, Provincial
q Government, District and Local Government
q The Working of Government - the Ruler LandRevenue System, the Dahsala System, theMansabdari
q System and the Army
7. AKBAR'S RELIGIOUS VIEWSq Relations with the Ulama and Social Reforms
q The Early Phase (1556-73)
q The Second Phase (1573-80) - the Ibadat Khana
q Debates-the Mahzar-Breach with Orthodox
q Ulama-Re-organisation of Madadd-i-MaashGrants
q Third or Final Phase - Din-i-Ilahi - State
q Policies and religious toleration
8. THE DECCAN AND THE MUGHALS (UPTO 1657)q The Deccani States upto 1595
q Mughal Advance towards the Deccan
q Mughal Conquest of Berar, Khandesh and Partsof Ahmadnagar
q Rise of Malik Ambar, and Frustration of
q Mughal Attempt at Consolidation (1601-27)
q Extinction of Ahmadnagar, Acceptance of Mughalq Suzerainty by Bijapur and Golconda
q Shah Jahan and the Deccan (1637-57)
q Cultural Contribution of the Deccani States
9. FOREIGN POLICY OF THE MUGHALSq Akbar and the Uzbeksq The Question of Qandahar and Relations with Iran
q Shah Jahan's Balkh Campaign
q Mughal-Persian Relations-the Last Phase
10. INDIA IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURYq Jahangir's Accession - his Early Difficultiesq Territorial Consolidation and Expansion of the
Empire - Mewar, East India and Kangra
q Nur Jahan, and the Nur Jahan 'Junta'q The Rebellions of Shah Jahan, and the coup
de main of Mahabat Khan
q Jahangir as a Ruler
q State and Religion in the First Half of theSeventeenth Century
q Shah Jahan-Consolidation and Expansion of theEmpire
q Evolution of the Mughal Ruling Class and theMansabdari System
11. AURANGZEB-RELIGIOUS POLICIES, NORTH INDIA AND THERAJPUTSq War of Successionq Religious Policy : First Phase (1658-79)
q Reforms and Puritanical Measures, Hindu
q Temples, Jizyah; Second Phase (1679-1707)
q Territorial Consolidation and Expansion ofEmpire-North India
q Popular Revolts - Jats, Satnamis, Afghans andSikhs
q Breach with Marwar and Mewar
12. CLIMAX AND CRISIS OF THE MUGHAL EMPIRE THEMARATHAS AND THE DECCANq Rise of the Marathas - Early Career of Shivaji
q Treaty of Purandar-the Agra Visit
q Shivaji's Swarajya - Administration andAchievements
q Aurangzeb and the Deccani States (1658-87)
q Marathas and the Deccan (1687-1707)q Assessment of Aurangzeb and the Jagirdari
Crisis
13. SOCIETY-STRUCTURE AND GROWTHq Rural Society
q Towns and Town Lifeq Artisans and Master-Craftsmen
q Women
q Servants and Slaves
q Standard of Livingq The Ruling Classes - Nobility, Rural Gentry
q The Middle Strata
q The Commercial Classes
14. ECONOMIC LIFE-PATTERNS AND PROSPECTSq Inland Trade
q Overseas Trade-Role of Foreign Trading
MEDIEVAL INDIA
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3
q Companies-Position of Indian MerchantsOver-land Trade
q The Mughal State and Commerce
q Trend of India's Economy and Prospects duringthe First Half of the Eighteenth Century
15. RELIGION, FINE ARTS, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYq Religion-Hindu Religion, Sikh Religion, Islam
q Fine Arts-Architecture, Painting, Language andLiterature, Music
q Science and Technology
16. NORTHERN INDIA IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURYq Bahadur Shah I, and the Beginning of the Struggle
q For Wizarat-Rajput Affairs-Marathas and theDeccan-Accentuation of the Party Struggle
q Struggle for 'New' Wizarat: Zulfiqar Khan andJahandar Shah (1712-13)
q The Saiyid Brothers' Struggle for 'New' Wizarat
q The Saiyid 'New' Wizarat
q The Wizarat of M. Amin Khan and Nizam-ul-Mulk
q Rise of Regional States, Beginning of ForeignInvasions of India (1725-48)
17. THE MARATHA BID FOR SUPREMACYq The Marathas and their Policy of Expansion
q The Marathas and Nizam-ul-Mulk
q The Maratha Advance into Gujarat and Malwa
q The Maratha Advance into Doab and Punjab.
q First Phase (1741-52) Second Phase (1752-61)
q Third Battle of Panipat
MODERN HISTORY
5. TOWARDS ACHIEVEMENT OF FREEDOM
q Popular struggles in the princely states
q 2nd World War and Nationalist response
6. PARTITION OF INDIA
q Rise of Communalism
q Wavell plan
q Cabinet Mission Plan
q Mountbatten Plan
7. DURING THE FREEDOM STRUGGLE
q Indian renaissance/socio-religious movement
q Civil Rebellions during British
q Tribal Movements during British period
q Peasant's movement during British period
q Working class Movement (1850-1900)
q Growth of communalism
q Left and communist trends in National Movement
q Press and Education during British period
q Role of women in Freedom Struggle
q Governor generals of India
q Viceroys of India
q Important persons
q Important news paper/journals
q Congress sessions
POST INDEPENDENCE INDIA
1. RE-ORGANISATION OF STATES
q Constitutional provisions related to Stateformation
q Factors that lead to merger
q Accession of the princely states
q Accession of States under France and Portuguese
q Accession of Sikkim
q Rehabilitation of the \Refugees
q Federal Crisis
q Regional aspirations, insurgencies and areas oftension
q Accommodation and national integration
2. LINGUISTIC REGIONALISM IN INDIA
q Constitutional position and language policy
q Language and regionalism
q Recent controversy due to rise of Hindi
3. TRIBAL ISSUE AND POLICY CONSOLIDATION
q Issues & Present Status
q Policy consolidation
4. ISSUE OF WOMEN AND EVOLUTION OF WOMENMOVEMENT
q Issues & challenges
q Women movements
q Government policy response and legislation
q Governmental schemes
5. PROBLEM OF CASTE AND SOCIAL CONSOLIDATION
q Caste practices in India
q Ambedkar Movement
q Constitutional Provisions
q Recent government initiatives for emancipationof Scheduled Castes
q Issues of manual Secavenging
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The wars during British conquest of India
Indian National Movement (1858-1905)Early Nationalists and Swadeshi Movement
Emergence of Gandhi-as a mass leaderKhilafat & Non-Cooperation Movement (NCM)
Revolutionary Terrorism phase II (1920's)Simon Commission and Nehru report
1. SCENARIO BEFORE 1857q Later Mughalsq Regional powers in 18th Centuryq The British conquest of Indiaqq British Administration before 1857
2. REVOLT OF 1857qqq Government of India Act 1909q Home rule league movement
3. THE STRUGGLE FOR SWARAJq Montague's statement - Aug 1917qqq Swaraj Partyqqq Civil Disobedience Movementq Round table conferenceq Poona pactq Government of India Act 1935q Tripuri Session-1939q August offer
q Individual Satyagarha 1940-41
UPSC Syllabus
4 6. Communalism & Social Consolidation
q Secularism
q Causes of Communalism in India
q Consequences of the communalism and socialconsolidation
7. Issue of Linguistic Minoritiesq Operational Inefficiency
q Government initiatives
8. Overview Of Economic Development SinceIndependenceq Planning in India
q Industry
q Service sector
q Agriculture
q Journey through Five Year Plans
q Land Reforms
q Post Green Revolution Agricultural Issues
9.
10.
q Agrarian Movements
q Achievements in Agriculture Since Independence
Industryq Industrial developments since independence
q Public sector since independence
q Sectoral Development
q Private Sector since Independence
Post Independence Policy of Science andTechnologyq India's Policy in the Field of the Science and
Technology
q Institutional Framework for Science andTechnology Development
q Science and Technology in Pre-Reform Period
q Impact of Economic Reform on the Science andTechnology in India.
q New Policy Intiatives in the S & T
q Agenda of the Skill Training
WORLD HISTORY1. Beginning of Modern Age
q Disintegration of the Feudal Systemq Renaissance
� Humanism� Art and Architecture� Literature� Science� Reformation etc.
q Explorations, Discovery, Tradeq Colonization-Rise of Nation Stateq The English Revolution
2. French Revolutionq Causesq The revolution in Franceq France under Napoleonq Impact of revolutionq Significance of revolution
3. Nationalism in Europeq Rise of the nation-state systemq Unification of Italyq Unification of Germany
4. Colonialism and Imperialsimq Colonialismq The age of Imperialism (1870-1914)q Imperialism in Asiaq Analysis of Colonialism
5. Emergence of USAq Foundation of American Coloniesq The Independence of United States of Americaq The American Revolutionary Warq What was the impact of American Revolution?q Political Effects of the Revolutionq How did the American Revolution influence the
French Revolution?q US Civil Warq Impact of Civil War on USAq Global Impact of US Civil Warq Impact on India
6. World War-Iq Major causes of the war
q Course of the war
q Analysis of major events of the war
q Consequences of World War Iq Aftermath of World War Iq League of Nations
7. Russian Revolutionq Major events in pre-revolution Russiaq Causesq Course of revolutionq Consequencesq Aftermath of the warq Post-Lenin Russia
8. Inter-War Years (1919 to 1939)q The Great Depressionq The Great Depression-an economic persectiveq Rise of Fascism in Italyq Rise of Nazism in Germanyq Soviet Union (USSR)
9. World War - IIq Foundations of the warq Course of the warq Aftermath of warq Analysis of the warq Decolonization phase
10. Development In Middle Eastq Democratic reforms in Middle Eastq Arab nationalismq Israel
11. Cold Warq Reasonsq Development of Cold War (1945-1953)q To what extent was there a thaw after 1953?q Nuclear Arms Race and the Cuban Missile Crisis
(1962)
12. Post Cold-War Worldq Global issues since 1991q Integration of Europeq European integration-a timelineq Rise of global Islamic terrorismq Rise of China
13. Communism, Socialism and Capitalismq Capitalism (concept, types, example)q Communism (concept, types, example)q Relevance of capitalism in present era
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UPSC Syllabus 5
2. INDIAN CULTURE1. Visual Art
q Sculptures of Harappan Civilisation
q Sculptures of Mauryan Age
q Post-Mauryan Period
q Jain Sculptures
q Buddhist Sculpture
q Gupta Sculpture
q Medieval School of Sculpture
q Modern Indian Sculpture
2. Architecture in Ancient India
q Harappan Period
q Mauryan Architecture
q Post-Mauryan Period Gupta Period
q Temples of Khajuraho
q Temples of Odisha
q Temples of Gwalior
q Temples of Gujarat
q Temples of Rajasthan
q Temples of Bengal
q Temples of Assam
q Temples of Himachal Pradesh
q Temples of Jammu and Kashmir
q Pallava Period
q Chola Period
q Pandya Temples
q Vijaynagar Period
q Nayaka Temples
q Temples of Kerala
q Vesara Style
q Hoysala Style
q Rashtrakuta Period
3. Indo-Islamic Architecture
q Imperial Style (Delhi Sultanat)
q Provincial Style
q Mughal Style
q Sikh Style of Architecture
q Rajput Architecture
q Salient features
4. Modern Architecture
q European Influence
q Indo-Saracenic Architecture
q Post-Independence Period
5. Indian Paintings
q Tradition of Mural Paintings in India
q Tradition of Miniature Paintings in India
q Paintings in the Deccan
q Rajput School of Painting
q Pahari School of Painting
q Miniature Painting is South India
q Regional Paintings
q Modern Paintings
q Contemporary Paintings
6. Pottery Tradition in India
q Ochre Coloured Pottery (OCP)
q Black and Red Ware (BRW)
q Painted Grey Ware (PGW)
q Northern Black Polished Ware (NBPW)
q Glazed and Unglazed Pottery
7. Music in India
q Main Pillars of Indian Music
q Forms of Indian Music
q Musical Instruments
q Institutions Related to Music
8. Dances in India
q Concept of Dance in India
q Concept of Ashta Nayika
q Eight Classical Dance Forms in India
q Folk Dances
q Modern Dance
9. Martial Arts in India
q Genesis of Martial Arts
q Forms of Traditional Martial Arts
10. Indian Theatre
q Classical Sanskrit Theatre
q Regional Theatre
q Modern Theatre
q Renaissance of Indian Theatre
11. Indian Puppetry
q String Puppets
q Shadow Puppets
q Rod Puppets
q Glove Puppets
q Modern Puppetry
q Tribal Puppetry
12. Indian Cinema
q Cinema in India
q History of Indian Cinema
q Classification of Indian Cinema Film Music of In-dia
13. Religions in India
q Pre-Vedic Religon
q Hinduism
q Buddhism
q Jainism
q Sikhism
q Islam
q Christianity
q Zoroastrianism
q Judaism
q Philosophy in India
14. Bhakti & Sufi Movements
q Bhakti Movement
q Vaishnava Acharyas Metaphysical Foundatio
q Other Saints of Bhakti Movement
q Maharashtra Dharma
q Sufism
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6
1. Geomorphologyq The origin of the Earth
l Early Theories
l Modern Theories-BBT
l Star Formation
l Formation of Planets
q The Evolution of the Earth
l Layered Structure (5 layers)
l Evolution of Lithosphere
l Evolution of Atmosphere
l Evolution of Hydroshphere
q Geological History of the Earth
q Earth
l Latiude and Longitude including importantParallels and Meridians
l Motions of the Earth-Rotation, Revolution andtheir effects
l Inclination of the Earth's Axis and its effects
l Local and Standard Time and the Interna-tional Date Line, Calendar
l Eclipses-Solar, Lunar
q Origin of Life
q Geological Time Scale
q Interior of the Earth
l Sources of Information
l Direct
l Indirect-Earth Quake Waves Volcanoes
l Crust
l Mantle
l Core
q Geology
l Minerals
l Major Elements of the Earth's Crust
n Minerals - Feldspar, Quartz, PyroxeneAmphibole, Mica, Olivine
n Physical Characteristics-Crystal Form,Color, Streak
n Transparency, Structure, Hardness,Specific Gravity
n Metallic minerals - precious Ferrous,Non Ferrous
n Non-metallic Minerals-Sulphur, Phos-phates, Cement
l Rocks (Aggregate of Minerals)
n Petrology
n Rocks & landforms
n Rocks & Soils
n 3 Family of Rocks
l Igneous
l Sedimentary
l Metamorphic
n Rock Cycle
q Earthquakes
l Waves: P. S. Body, Surface
l Shadow Zone
l Types of Earthquakes
l Effects
l Frequency
l Locating an Epicentre
q Volcano
l Types
n Shield
n Composite
n Caldera
n Flood Basalt
n Mid Ocean Ridge
l Landforms (intrusive)
n Batholiths
n Lacoliths
n Phacoliths
n Sills
n Dykes
q Geomorphic Processes
l Earth's Surface
n Exogenic Forces
n Endogenic Forces
n Gradation, Degradation & Agradation
l Geomorphic Process
n Endogenic Process
n Diastrophism
l Orogenic
l Epierogenic
l Earthquakes
l Plate movements
n Exogenic Forces
n Denudation Processes
l Weathering
l Mass movements
l Frosion Transportation and Deposition
q Distribution of Continents & Oceans
l Theories
n Continental Drift Theory
n Alfred Wegner 1912
n Laurasia, Gondwanaland
n Evidence in support of Continental DriftTheory
n Jigsaw Fit
n Rocks of Same age across oceans
n Tillite
n Placer Deposits
n Distribution of Fossils
n Forces of Drifting
n Pole Fleeing Force
n Tidal Force
n Post Drift Studies
n Convectional Current Theory
n Mapping of the Ocean Floor
l Continents - plate Tectonics
n Lithospheric Plates
n Major Plate
n Minor Plates
n Plate Boundaries
n Divergent
n Convergent
n Transform
n Rates of Plate Movements
n Force of plate movements
n Indian plate
n Movement from many years ago tillToday
q Landforms and their Evolution
l Causes
n Geomorphic Processes
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3. GEOGRAPHY
7
n Agents
l Geomorphic Agents
n Erosional or Destructional
n Depositional or Constructional
l Agents and their Impacts
n Wind, Running Water, Ground Water,Glaciers, Waves & Currents
l Winds
n One of the Two cominat agents in Hotdeserts
n Cause - Deflation Abrasion Impact
n Erosional landforms
n Pediments and Pedi Plains
n Playas
n Deflation Hollows and Caves
n Mushroom, Table & Pedestal Rocks
n Depositional Landforms
n Barchans
n Seif
n Parabolic
n Transverse
n Longitudinal
l Running Water
n Humid Regions
n 2 Components
n Overland Flow - Sheet
n Linear Flow-Strems
n Stages
n Youth Mature Old
n Erosional Landforms
n Valleys
n Rills
n Gullies
n Valleys-V Shape, Gorge (Hard Rocks),Canyon (Sedimentary)
n Potholes & Plunge pools
n Incised or entrenched meanders
n River Terraces-paired & unpaired
n Depositional Landforms
n Alluvial Fans
n Delta
n Fllod Plains, Natural Levees, Point Bars
n Meansders, Slip off bank, Under Cutbank
n Oxbow lake
n Braided Channels
l Ground Water (Karst Topography)
n Permeable Rocks
n Percolation
n Bedding Plains
n Limestone and Dolomite Regions
n Balkans, Adjacent to Adriatic regions
n Erosional Landforms
n Pools-Swallow Hole, Valley Sinks(Uvalas), Sinkholes, Collapse sinks(Dolines), Lapies, Ridges, LimestonePavements
n Caves-Altering bed of Rocks (Shalesandstone quartzite), Caves and Tunnels
n Depositional landforms
n Stalactites
n Stalagmites
n Pillar Columns
l Glaciers
n Erosional Landforms
n Cirque of Tarn Lakes
n Hors and Serrated Regions-Arete
n Glacial Valleys / Troughs - Fiords
n Depositional Landforms
n Glacial Tills
n Moraines
n Eskers
n Outwash Planes
n Drumlins
l Waves and Currents
n High Rocky Coasts & Low SedimentaryCoasts
n Erosional Landforms
n Clifs
n Terraces
n Caves
n Stacks
n Depositional Landforms
n Beaches and Dunes
n Bars Barriers Spits
l Weathering
n Factors
n Geological
n Climatic
n Topograhic
n Vegetative
n Major Processes
n Chemical
n Physical or Mechanical
n Biological
n Chemical-Forces Chemical Action
n Solution
n Carbonation
n Hydration
n Oxidation & Reduction
n Physical Forces Gravitational,Expansion, Water Pressure
n Unloading & Expansion
n Temperature Changes and Expansion
n Freezing, Thawing, & Frost Wedging
n Salt Weathering
n Biological Weathering
n Burrowing
n Wedging
n Plant Roots
n Effects of Weathering
n Exfoliation (Flaking)-Exfoliation Domes,Tors
n Significance of Weathering
n Soil Formation
n Biomes and Biodiversity
n Leaching/Enrichment
l Mass Movements
n Activating Causes
n Forms of movement-Heave Flow Slide
n 3 major Groups-Slow Movement, RapidMovements, land Slides
q Landforms across the world:
l Rivers and lakes
l Mountain and Peaks
l Plateaus
UPSC Syllabus
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8 2. Climatology
q Compositionl Gasesl Water Vapourl Dust Particles
q Structurel Exospherel Thermospherel Mesospherel Stratospherel Tropospherel Altitude vs Temperature
q Solar Radiation Heat Balance Temperaturel Insolationl Aphelion and Perihelionl Variability of Insolation at the surface of the
Earthn Day Season Yearn Rotation of Axis, Angle of Inclination of
sun rays, Length of the dayn Transparency of Atmosphere,
Configuration of land in terms of itsaspect.
q Heat Balancel Heating and cooling of atmosphere
n Conductionn Convectionn Advection
l Terrestrial Radiationl Heat Budget of the Planet Earthl Macro Budget
n Albedon Shortwave Radiationn Long wave Earth Radiation
l Variation in the net Heat Budget at theEarth's Surface
q Temperaturel Factors controlling T distributionl Distribution of T Month of January-Julyl Range of T Month of January-Julyl Inversion of Temperature
q Atmospheric Circulation and Weather Systemsl Atmospheric Pressurel Vertical Variation of pressurel Horizontal distribution of pressurel World Distribution of Sea Level Pressurel Factors affecting the velocity and direction
of the WINDn Pressure Gradient Forcen Frictional Forcen Coriolis Forcen Pressure and Wind (Cyclonic &
Anticyclone Circulation)q General Circulation of the Atmosphere-Pattern
of Planetary Windsl Latitudanal Variation of
Atmospheric Heatingl Emergence of Pressure Beltsl Migration of Belts Following apparent Path
of Sunl Distribution of continents & Oceansl Rotation of the Earth
q Circulationl Simplified Global Circulation-Hadley Cell,
Ferrel Celll Seasonal Wind
l Local Windl Land and Sea Breezesl Mountain and Vally windsl AIR MASS-frontsl Extra Tropical Cyclonel Thunderstorms
l Tornadoes
q Water in the Atmosphere
l Water Vapour
l Precipitation
l Humidity-Absolute and Relative
l Saturation-Dew Point
l Evaporation and Condensation
n Dew
n Frost
n Fog & Mist
l Clouds
n Types-Cirrus Cumulus Stratus Nimbus
n High-Cirrus Cirrostratus Cirrocumulus
n Middle-Altostratus Altocumulus
n Vertical Development-Cumulus andCumulonimbus
l Precipitation
n Rainfall Snowfall Sleet Hail Hailstones
l Types of Rainfall
n Conventional
n Orographic
n Cyclonic
l World Distribution of Rainfall
q World Climate
l The Hot, Wet Equatorial Climate
l The Tropical Monsoon and Tropical MarineClimates
l The Savanna or Sudan Climate
l The Hot Desert and Mid-Latitude DesertClimates
l The Warm Temperate Western Margin(Mediterranean) Climate
l The Temperate Continental (Steppe) Climate
l The Warm Temperate Eastern Margin (ChinaType) Climate
l The Cool Temperate Continental (Siberian)Climate
l The Cool Temerate Eastern Margin (Lauren-tian) Climate
l The Arctic or Polar Climate
3. Oceanographyq Water on the Surface of the Earth
l Hydrological Cycle
n Component
n Processes
q Oceans
l Relief of the Ocean floor
l 4 divisions of the ocean floor
n Continental Shelf
n Continental Slope
n Deep sea plain
n Oceanic deep and Trenches
l Minor relief features
n Mid oceanic ridges
n Seamount
n Submarine canyons
n Guy outs
n Atoll
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l Temperature of the Ocean Watern Verticaln Spatialn Factors affecting Temperature
distributionn Latituden Unequal distrivution of land & Watern Prevailing windn Ocean Currentsn Horizontal & Vertical Distributionn Thermoclinen 3 layers
l Salinity of the Ocean Watern Factors affecting salinityn Evaporation and precipitationn Wingn Ocean Currentsn Horizontals distribution of sailinityn Vertical Distribution of salinity
l Density of Ocean Watersq Movements of ocean Water
l Factors influencing Movementn Temperaturen Salinityn Densityn Sun MOON WINDS
l Motion-Horizontal & Vertical Currentsl Waves
n Motion of waves and water moleculesn Characxteristics of WAVEn Crest and Troughn Heightn Amplituden Periodn Lengthn Speedn Frequencyn Frequencyn Tides
l Relation between Gravitional Forces andTidesn Tidal Currentsn Types of Tidesn Based on Frequency-Semi Diurnal,
Diurnal, mixedn Based on SME Position-spring and Neap
Tidesn Importance of Tides
l Ocean Currentsn Influenced by 2 forcesn Primary Force that init iates the
movementn Heating of solar energyn Windn Gravityn Coriolis forcen Secondary force that influence the
currents to flown Characteristic-Drift-5 knots
n Types of ocean Currentsn Surface currents & Deep water Currents
based on Depthn Cold and Warm Currents based on
Temperature
n Major Ocean currents of the World
n Effects of Ocean Currents
4. Water Resourceq Underground water resource
q Surface water resources
q Inland water resources: Utilization of inlandwater resources
q Oceanic water resources: Main features of ocean
q Utilization of oceans by man
q Water consumption patterns
q Water pollution
q Conservation of water resources
q Techniques of water conservation
5. Biogeographyq Soil
l Soil Characteristics
l Factors Responsible for Soil Formation
l Stages of Soil Formation
l Soil Forming Processes
l Soil Profiles and Horizons
l Soil Profiles and Horizons
l Soil Classification
l Soil Erosion and Conservation
q Vegetation resourcesl Types of natural vegetation
l Forests
l Significance of forests
l Ceonomic significance, Ecological significance
l Cultural significance
l Factors of frorest development
l Extent of forest cover
l Classification of forests
l Grasslands
l Desert Vegetation
l Tundra Vegetation
l Economic utilization of forests
l Deforestation
n Deforestation in tropical forests
n Deforestation in temperate forests
n Rate and extent of deforestation
n Causes and factors of deforestation:Immediate causes of deforestation
n Indirect deforestation
n Underlying causes of deforestation
l Conservation of forests
n Forest conservation strategies
n Reforestation
n Monoculture plantation
n Afforestation
l Types of forestry
n Social forestry
n Agro-forestry
HUMAN GEOGRAPHY1. Demography
q Concept of human resources
q Population distribution
q Factors of population distribution-Physical factors
q Socio-cultural factors
q Damographic factors
q World population distribution
l Ecumene
UPSC Syllabus
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10���l Non-ecumene
q Continent-wise distribution of population
q Density of population
q Pattern of population density
q Population increase (growth) in the world
q Causes of rapid increase in population
q Present trend
q Future projections
q Determinants of population growth
q Natural increase
q Characteristics of population
l Age composition
l Population pyramids
l Sex composition
l Literacy
q Theories of population growth
l Malthusian theory
l Marxian theory
l Demographic transition theory
q Optimum population
l Over-population
l Under-population
q Population problems
l Population problems of developing countries
l Population problems of developed countries
l Population dilemma of Europe
q Population Policies: of China, of India
q Various types of rural settlements
q Relationship between house types with relief,climate and building materials
2.Urbanization
q Basic, Feature and Pattern's of India'sUrbanization
q Issues of Urbanization in India
l Rural Urban Migration
l Emergence of Slums
l Urban Transport
l Waste Disposal
l Water Supply, Drainage and Sanitation
l Electronic Waste
l Urban Poverty
l Real Estate (Regulation & Development) Bill,2013
q Way Forward to Tackle Issues Related to Urba-nization
l Inclusive Cities/Smart cities
l Recent government programmes: AMRUT
q Migration Displacement
q Importance of the Rehabilitation Policy
q Urban settlements: Types
q Urbanisation Process in India.
q Morphology of urban settlements
q Town planning and patterns of rural settlement
q Settlement types of the world
q Migration: Push factors and pull factors
q Emigration during colonial, Post-Independent andpost-liberalisation period
q Internal versus world migration
q Functional classification of cities
q Difference between boundaries and frontiers,their classification
q Rural urban fringe characteristics, their types andpatterns
q Cities-hierarchical classification, morphologicalclassification
3. Censusq Literacy
q Sex ratio
q Family Planning
q Old Age
q Age Structure
q Density
q Population growth
q Census terminology
ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY
1. Agricultureq Land resource
l Land-use
l Land capability classification
l Causes of Land Degradation
l Impact of Land Degradation
l Steps taken by GOI
l Sustainable Land Management
q Basic terms related to Agriculture
l Performance of the agriculture sector
l Types of farming in India
l Dry Zone farming
l Organic farming
l Cropping seasons in India
l Cropping Pattern in India
l Agriculture factors: Seeds; Fertilizers;Irrigation
l Land use pattern in India
l Institutional Factors as land reform
l Horticulture sector in India
l Agricultural revolutions
l Agricultural labours
l Price Policyfor Agriculture
l Agricultural marketing
l Agricultural Insurance
l Agricultural Census
l Major schemes in agricultural sector
l National Policy for farmers
l Impact of climate change on agriculture
l What is sustainable agriculture?
l Use of IT in agriculture
l Agriculture Issues and Challenges
q Productivity of Crops and conditions forgrowth
l Wheat
n Conditions of growth
n Varieties
n Types of cultivation
n International trade
l Rice
n Conditions of growth
n Varieties
n Methods of cultivation
n Production pattern
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n International trade
l Maize (Corn)
n Conditions of growth
n Production pattern
n International trade
l Oats
l Rye
l Beverages
n Tea
n Condition of growth
n Production pattern
n International trade
n Coffee
n Types of coffee
n Conditions of growth
n Production pattern
n International trade
n Cocoa
n Conditions of growth
n Production pattern
n International trade
l Tobacco
n Conditions of growth
n Production pattern
n International trade
l Fiber Crops
n Cotton
n Varieties of cotton
n Conditions of growth
n Production pattern
n International trade
l Jute
n Conditions of growth
n Production pattern
n International trade
n Substitutes of jute: Flax, Hemp
n Abaca, Henequeno
n Sisal
n Raw Silk
n Production pattern
n International trade
n Natural Rubber
n Other sources of rubber
n Plantations is South-east Asia
n Production pattern
n International trade
n Sugarcane
n Conditions of growth
n Production Pattern
n International trade
n Sugarbeet-Conditions of growth
n Production pattern
n Sugar industry
n Sugar consumption
n International trade
2. Mineral resourceq Types of minerals: Metallic minerals
q Non-metallic mineral
q Distribution of minerals and mining regions
q Distribution, production and international tradeof Metallic minerals: Ferrous metals: Iron ore
q Ferro-alloys and non-ferrous
q Manganese
q Chromium
q Nickel
q Tungsten
q Antimony
q Copper
q Bauxite and Aluminium
q Zinc; Lead
q Tin
q Precious metals: Gold
q Silver
q Platinum
q Mineral Chemicals
l Mica
l Potash
l Phosphate
l Nitrates
l Sulphur
q Conservation of mineral resources
3. Energy resources
q Classification of energy
q Production of conventional energy
q General trends of energy production and con-sumption
q Reserves and sources of energy
q Coal
l Nature and origin of coal
l Constituents and kinds of coal
l Coal fields and coal production
l By products of coal
l Conservation of Coal Petroleum
q Petroleum
l Nature and properties of petroleum
l Origin and recovery
l Exploration
l Petroleum refining
l Petroleum reserves
l Producing areas
l Consumption of petroleum
l International trade
l OPEC and its role in oil trade
q Natural gas: Reserves and Production
q Hydro-electricity
l Advantages of hydro-electricity
l Ideal conditions for generation of hydro-elec-tricity
l Distribution of potential hydro- power
l Hydro-electric power generation
q Atomic (nuclear) energy
l Atomic; source minerals: Uranium
l World distribution of uranium
l Production of uranium
l Thorium
l Production of atomic (nuclear) energy
l Nuclear energy: the energy of future
q Alternative (non-conventional) sources of energy
l Solar energy
l Wind energy
l Geothermal power
l Tidal energy
l Wave energy
l Biomass energy
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UPSC Syllabus
12���q Alternate Energy Sources
l Hydrogen as a Fuel for Future or Hydrogenas an Alternative Energy Source
l Microbial Fuel Cell
l Energy Context with Resepect to IndianScenario
l Energy Plantation
q Energy crisis
4. Industry
q Industrial development
q Iron And Steel Industry
q Industrial development
q Iron and Steel Industry
l Process of iron and steel production
l Location of iron and steel industry
l Early localization
l Development of iron manufacture
l Distribution of iron and steel industry
l Global steel production
l International trade
l Growth potential of the steel industry
q Textile Industry
l Cotton textile industry : Location of theindustry
l Recent trends in localization
l Distribution and production of cotton textiles
l Woolen textile industry: Location of theindustry
l Silk textile industry : Raw silk manufacture
l Silk textile manufacturing
l Synthetic (arti f icial) si lk industry:Distribution of man-made fibre and fabrics.
q Engineering Industries
l Machine tools and machines : Areas ofproduction
l Industrial machinery: Textile machinery
l Other industrial machinery
l Agricultural machinery
l Manufacturing of transport equipment
l Automobile industry
l Railway car and locomotive industry
l Shipbuilding
l Recent trends
l Aircrafts industry
q Chemical Industry
l Classes of chemicals: Branches of chemicalindustry
l Heavy chemical industry
l Production of acids and alkalies
l Rise of chemical industry
l Fertilizer industry: Nitrogen fertilizers
l Phosphate fertilizers
l Potash fertilizers
l Explosives
l Glass industry: Production of glass
q Agro-industries
l Synthetic rubber industry
l Pulp and paper industry : Essentialconditions for pulp production
l Production of paper and paper board
l Newsprint
l International trade
l Salient features of pulp and paper industry
q Cement industry
l Distribution of cement industry
l Recent trends: Main global competitors
q Petroleum refining industry: Localization
l Site selection of petroleum refineries
l History of oil refineries
l World pattern of oil refining
l Petroleum products
q Industrial Regions
l Characteristics of industrial regions
l Delimitation of an industrial region
l Principal industrial regions of the world
l Industrial regions of Anglo America-USA,Canada, Western Europeand CentralBritain, Germany, Belgium, Netherlands,France, Italy, Eastern Europe, Poland,Former USSR
l Eastern Asia- Japan, China, the ‘Dragons’,India, High tech patterns.
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
1. Recent developments in Transport Sectorq Long term irrigation fund
q Sports Sector Gets the Infrastructure Status
q Railways India Development Fund
q National Infrastructure Investment Fund
q Defence Innovation Fund
q Merger of Railway Budget with General Budget
q Non-Fare Revenue Policies in Indian Railways
q Rail Safety Fund
q Flexi Fare Method in Railway
q Rail Cadre Management
q TRI-NETRA IN RAILWAYS
q National Rail Plan 2030
q Draft Policy on Suburban Tracks
q India’s First Caterpillar Train
q Mission 41k
q Green corridor concept
q Made in India ‘Medha’ train
q Antyodaya Express
q Station Redevelopment Project
q Smart Railway Station
q Yatri Mitra Seva
q National Highways Interconnectivity
q Vehicle Fleet Modernization Programme
q Transit Oriented Development Policy
q Logistic Efficiency Enhancement Programme
q Indian Bridge Management System
q Road Connectivit y project for Left WingExtremism (LWE) Affected Areas
q North East Road Network Connectivity Project
q TIR Convention
q National Road Safety Policy
q Sagarmala
q Urja Ganga Gas line Project
q TARANG
q E-trans
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CENTRE FOR AMBITION
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q Deep (Discovery of Efficient Electricity Price)
q GARV II APP
q Trading of Energy Saving Certificates
q 24X7 POWERS FOR ALL
q Draft National Electricity Plan
q Habitat Commitment Index
q Airsewa Portal
2. Recent developments in Industrial Sectorq Delhi-Mumbai-Industrial Corridor
q Amritsar-Kolkata corridor
q Chennai-Bangalore Industrial Corridor
q Bengaluru-Mumbai Economic Corridor
q Visakhapatnam-Chennai Industrial Corridor
q East Coast Economic Corridor
q Apex Corridor Developmental Authority
q Star Rating of Mines
q TAMRA PORTAL
q Mining Surveillance System
q COAL MITRA
q M-SIPS for Electronic Sector
q Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act orRERA
q Indian Enterprise Development Service
q Trade Receivables Discounting System
q SME Business Environment Index
q Medipark
q ZED Scheme
q Startup Mentorship Circle
q FAME
3. Recent developments in agriculture fieldq AADHAR Based Biometric Authentication in PDS:
Pros and Cons
q Volatility in Pulse Prices
l Arvind Subramanian Committee on PulseCrises
l Government Raises Buffer Stock of Pulses
l PUSA Arhar 16 to Bridge the Demand-Sup-ply Gap
q Agro Irradiation Centers
q Options Trading in Agricultural Produce
q Agricultural Marketing and Farm FriendlyReforms Index
q National Food Security Act
q Digitization and Agriculture
q Direct Benefit Transfer in Fertilized Sector
q Aquaponic Farm
q Gift Milk Scheme
q Draft Regulation on Fortification of Foods
q Law Commission Recommendation on Food Laws
q Concept of Modern Terminal Markets
q Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries
l e-Pashuhaat Portal
l Schemes of Bio-Tech Kisan and CattleGenomics
l Rashtriya Gokul Mission
l Mission Fingerling
q Terms in Brief
l Krishi Puruskar for Small Farmers
l Ornamental Fishing
l Agricultural Science Congress RubSis
l Ethanol Blending
l National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources
l Amendments to the NABARD Act, 1981
l Revenue Insurance Scheme for PlantationCrops
l Best Horticulture Award
l Neem Coating of Urea
q Soil Health Card Scheme
q Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana
q Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yogana
q PM Krishi Sinchi Yogana
q National Agriculture Market
4. Places in newsq Majuli Island
q Ashalim Project
q Loktak Lake
q Barren Island
q Rio de Janeiro
q Gotthard Base Tunnel
q Panama Canal
q Akodara
q Genetic Garden of Halophytes
q Maharashtra
q Morocco
q Sankhuwasabha
q Andhra Pradesh
q Hambantota Port
q Tirunelveli
q Palmyra
q Sabarimala Circuit
q Libya, Sudan, Somalia, Syria, Iraq, Yemen andIran
q Tembhli
q Mahanadi and Tributaries
q Agartala Rail Link
q Mekadatu Project on Kaveri
q Yettinahole Project
q Country’s first Water Metro Project
q Indus basin: Shahpur Kandi Dam Project
q Ghatampur Thermal Power Project
q Deepest Rail Project
q Lost Continent
q Zealandia
q World’s First Polluted River Discovered ByScientists
q Pre-historic camping site found in Ladakh
q Report on Palaeo Channel of North West India
q Cyclones in News
POLITY1. Historical Evolution & Features
q Importance of Constitution
q Historical evolution of the Constitution
q Constitent Assembly
q Objectives of the Constitution
q Salient Features of Indian Constitution
q Unitary features
q Federal features
q Parliamentary form of government
q Presidential form of government
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UPSC Syllabus
4. POLITY & GOVERNANCE
14���q Parliamentary vs. Presidential system of
government
2. Preamble
q Preamble
l Basic features
l Value premises of constitution
l Terminologies as:
l Democratic
l Sovereign
l Socialist
l Secular
l Republic
l Justice
l Equality
l Liberty
l Fraternity
l Integrity
3. Citizenship
q Basic constitutional features
q Methodology of getting citizenship
q Modes of Losing the Citizenship of India
q Concept of dual citizenship
q Citizenship provisions in J&K
q Special privileges enjoyed by citizens
4. Fundamental Rights
q Significance of Fundamental Rights
q Right to Equality
q Right to Freedom
q Right against Exploitation
q Right to Freedom of Religion
q Cultural and Educational Rights
q Right to Constitutional Remedies
q Difference between procedure established by lawand due process of law
q Writs and their uses
q Restrictive limitations on fundamental rights
5. DPSP
q Basic features
q Directives
q Economic and Social DPSP
q Gandhian DPSP
q Administrative DPSP
q DPSP related to International Peace
q Implementation of DPSP
q Fundamental Rights and the Directive Principlesof State Policy Controversy
6. Fundamental Duties
q Features
q Link of Fundamental Rights and FundamentalDuties
7. Other Principles
q Process of law making in India
q Role of Constitutional and extra constitutionalbodies in law making
q Basic structure: How it evolves?
q Different types of majorities required in IndianConstitution
q DPSP Fundamental Rights
q Doctrines Terminologies
8. Separation of Powersq Features in American and UK Constitution
q Checks and balances provisions in IndianConstitution
q Judicial Rev iew
q Concept of Separation of Powers
9. Comparison of the Indian constitutional schemewith that of other countriesq It should cover Comparison of USA, UK, India
and neighbours
10. Union & Statesq State Reorganization Commission (brief)
q Components of Indian territory
q Process of formation of new states
q Zonal Council
q Union territories
q Special provisions for states
11. Funcitions and responsibilities of the Union andthe Statesq Regulating functions of Government
q Development functions of government
q Problems in implementation
q Problems in implementation
q Recommendations for improvement
q Interrelationship between union, state and localgovernment in implemen-tation of roles
q Constitutional provisions related to financialdevolution
q Issues of financial devolution
12. Issues and challenges pertaining to the federalstructureq Administrative relations
q Legislative relations
q Financial relations
q Misuse of Article 356
q Issues related to concurrent list
q Issues related to appointment of Governor
q Issues related to state formation
q Poor devolution of finances
q Reserving bill for Presidential approval
q Central sponsored schemes and issues
q Special package for different states
q Issues between Centre and State after 1990reforms
q Foreign policy and Centre and State Relations
13. The Presidentq Importance of President
q Qualification
q Election Procedure
q Advantages and disadvantages of singletransferable form of voting
q Presidents Term of Office and emoluments
q Executive Powers
q Legislative Powers
q Emergency Powers
q Financial Powers
q Miscellaneous Powers
q Judicial powers
q Presidents Impeachment
q President as nominal head
q Issues
q Ordinance making power
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q Passage of bills
q Misuse of emergency provisions
q Pardon power
q Coalition government
14. Vice Presidentq Office of the Vice-President
q Functions
15. Prime Ministerq Appointment of PM
q Functions of PM
q Role of PM with respect to
q COM
q President
q Lok Sabha
q Political Party
q Coalition Government
16. Council of Ministersq Division of Com
q Role of Com
q Role of Cabinet
q Responsibilities of the Ministers
17. Attorney General of Indiaq Qualification
q Functions
q Powers with respect to parliament
18. Parliamentq Composition of Rajya Sabhaq Composition of Lok Sabhaq Composition of Legislative assembly and
Legislative Councilq Qualification and disqualification of MPs and
MLAsq Vacation of seatsq Sessions of parliamentq Law making procedureq Officers of Parliament and state legislatureq Parliament Proceedingsq Motions and resolutions in Parliamentq Powers and Privilegesq Financial proceedingsq Comparison of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabhaq Comparison of Legislative assembly and Council.q Women reservation in Parliament and issuesq Lowering of Parliamentary powersq Parliamentary committees and their workingq Judicial activism and Parliamentq Delegated legislation and issues
19. The Union Judiciaryq Integrated judicial system
q Supreme Court
q Composition
q Independence of Supreme Court
q Jurisdiction of SC
q Judicial Review
q High Court
q Composition
q Terms and removal
q Jurisdiction
q Other powers
q Lower Judiciary
q Appointment
q Powers
q The role of the Supreme Court of India asguardian of the Constitution and protector ofFundamental Rights
q Judicial Review
q PIL
q Judicial Activism
q Judiciary appointment
q Collegiums System
q NJAC Controversy
q National Court of Appeal
q Judicial Accountability
q Issues of Corruption in Judiciary
20. Ministries and Departments of the Governmentq Functioning of Ministries
q Central Secretariat
q Cabinet Secretary
q Field organizations
q Reforms needed
q International methodology
21. Panchayatsq Provisions of 73 rd AA and 74 th AA
q Role and functions of different tiers
q Municipal Councils
q Nagar Panchayats
q The steps taken towards women’s empowerment
q Role of State Election commission
q Role of State Finance Commission
q Smart City Mission & Municipal Governance
22. Dispute redressal mechanism and institutionsq What is Dispute redressal mechanism?
q Need of Dispute redressal mechanism
q Administrative tribunal and issues
q Fast Track Courts and issues
q Gram Nyalayas and issues
q Parivarik Mahila Lok Adalats and issues
q Family Courts and Issues
q Lok Adalat and issues
q NALSA and issues
q Dispute redressal for Weaker section
q Arbitration Mechanism
q International Arbitary Centre
q Commercial Court
23. Comptroller And Auditor-General of Indiaq Appointment
q Functions
q Role of CAG in good governance
24. The Governorq Appointment, term of office, qualification, etc
q Powers
q Discretionary powers
q Ordinance making power
25. CMq Appointment
q Powers and responsibilities
q Relationship between the Governor and the ChiefMinister
q Relationship between Com and the ChiefMinister
26. The Advocate-General for the Stateq Appointment
q
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Functions
UPSC Syllabus
16 q Officers of State Legislature
q Powers, Privileges and Immunities of StateLegislatures and their Members
q Legislative procedure
q Governor’s assent to Bills
q Procedure in Financial Matters/Budget
27. State legislatureq The composition of Vidhan Sabha and Vidhan
Parishad
q Qualifications of the Members of Legislature
q Powers and Functions of State Legislature
q Relationship between both the Houses
GOVERNANCE
1. Need and importance of Government Policies
q Growth and development
q Human development and human capitalformation
q Equality (interpersonal and interregional) andsocial justice
q Unity and integrity
q Trust between state and citizens
2. Effective Implementation
q What is effective implementation? Best outcomesin view of given time, resources and constraints
q Analysis of different important schemes
3. Government Intervention
q Good Governance-Role of inst itutions,bureaucrats and other stakeholders
q Transparency and accountability
q Optimum use of resources-Right targeting,plugging leakages and wasteful expenditure, useof available knowledge, research and innovation
q Monitoring and evaluation-Outcome budget, zerobase budgeting input-output analysis, cost-benefit analysis
q Setting up institutions and regulatory norms taskforces, steering committees and reviewcommittees.
4. Development process and industry
q Difference between Growth and Development
q Main Constraints of development
q main Stake holders in development process
q Self Help Groups
q Meaning
q Importance
q Objectives
q Institutional Structure and organization
q Funding
q Micro Finance
q Meaning and importance
q Objectives
q Structure and Organization
q Advantages
q Micro Finance in India
q Non-Government Organizations
q What are NGOs?
q Difference between Non GovernmentOrganizations (NGOs) and International NonGovernment Organizations (INGOs)
q United Nations Criteria for INGO and NGO
q NGOs and development projects
q NGOs and Community development
q NGOs involved in relief and rehabilitation
q NGOs involved in disaster management
q NGOs and advocacy
5. Important aspects of governance, transparencyand accountabilityq Citizen centric governance
q Features of good governance
q Legislative accountability
q Administrative accountability
q Judicial accountability
q Ombudsman
q Whistleblowers concept
q Anti corruption machinery
q Role of citizens
q Role of media
q Social audit
q Systematic reforms
6. e-Governanceq Introduction
q Applications
q Models
q Successes
q Limitations
q Future prospects
7. Citizens Chartersq Citizens Charters
q Introduction
q Models
q Features
q CC in India
q Issues in CC implementation
q Reform needed
8. Role of civil services in a democracyq Concept of civil services
q Need for civil services
q Different role of civil services
q Law making
q Policy formulation
q Policy implementation
q Policy evaluation
q Civil services as protector of democracy
q To protect minorities (religious and linguistic)
q To promote Inclusive and sustainable growth
9. Pressure groups and formal/informal associationsand their role in the Polityq What are pressure groups?
q Types
q The Significance of pressure groups in India
q Differentiate between a pressure group and apolitical party
q Evaluation of pressure groups role
10. Appointment to various Constitutional posts,powers, functions and responsibilities of variousConstitutional Bodiesq Appointment of CAG (procedure of appointment)
– composition of CAG
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CENTRE FOR AMBITION
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q Functions and responsibilities of CAG
q Powers and privileges of CAG (provided byconstitution and different ACTs of Parliament.)
q Appointment of ECI (procedure of appointment)–composition of ECI
q Functions and responsibilities of ECI
q Powers and privileges of ECI (provided byconstitution and different ACTs of Parliament)
q Appointment to UPSC (procedure ofappointment)- composition of UPSC
q Functions and responsibilities of UPSC
q Powers and privileges of UPSC (provided byconstitution and different ACTs of Parliament).
q Appointment to Finance commission (procedureof appointment)-composition of Financecommission
q Functions and responsibilities of Financecommission
q Powers and privileges of Finance commission(provided by constitution and different ACTs ofParliament).
q National commission for SCs and Sts.
11. Statutory, regulatory and various quasi-judicialbodiesq SEBI
q CVC
q CBI
q Planning Commission
q NDC
q Zonal Council
q TRAI
q IRDA
q National Human Rights Commission
q State Human Rights Commission
q Central Information Commission
q State Information Commission
q National Consumer Disputes RedressedCommission
q Tribunal
q Medical Council of India
q Pension Fund Regulatory and DevelopmentAuthority
q Biodiversity Authority of India
q Press Council of India
q Forward Markets Commission
q Inland Waterways Authority of India
q RBI
12. Elections in Indiaq Salient features of the Representation of People
Act, 1950
q Salient features of Representation of Peoples Act,1951
q Elector al reforms
q Criminalization of politics
q Negative or neutral voting
q State funding of Elections
q Irregularities in polling
13. Political Parties in Indiaq Political parties in India
q Party reforms
q Problems in the working of parties
q Casteism and politics
q Reforms in Party system in India
q Strengthening of Anti-defection Measures
14. Role of Pressure Groupsq Types of pressure groups
q Role of pressure group in developing countries
q Functions of pressure groups in India
q Pressure groups methods
q Pressure groups and Democracy
q Criticism of pressure groups
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
1. Billsq Representation of People (Amendment) Bill 2010
q Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery of Financial and otherSubsidies, Benefits and Services) Act, 2016
q Admiralty (Jurisdiction and Settlement ofMaritime Claims) Bill, 2016
q The Anti-Hijacking Act, 2016
q Panchayats (Extension to the Scheduled Areas)Act, 1996
q Lokpal & Lokayukta (Amendment) Act, 2016
q Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Bill, 2016
q Whistleblowers Amendment Bill
2. Union & State Governmentq Imposition of President Rule: An Analysis
q Frequent promulgation of Ordinance
q Provisions related to Removal of Governors
q Politicization of the post of Governor
q Relevance of Rajya Sabha
q Frequent disruption of Parliament and its impact
q Anti-Defection Law
q Issue related to Office of Profit
q Special privileges to MPs and its implication
q Freebies Politics in India
q Political Parties and RTI
q Basics of Separation of Power in India
3. Judiciary
q Issue related to appointment of Judges
q Proposal for National Court of Appeal
q Concept of defamation in India
q Contempt of Court
q What are contempt proceedings?
q Public Interest Litigation
q Advocates (Amendment) Bill, 2017 Controversy
q Issue of Judicial over-reach
q National Litigation Policy
q All India Judicial Services
q Judicial reforms
q Future challenges may be faced by IndianJudiciary
q Administrative Tribunals
4. Local Government
q Nagland Reservation in Urban bodies: Issue
q Education qualification made mandatory forcontesting Local Government Elections
q Reforms needed in Municipalities in Sync withUrban development Mission
q 14 th Finance Commission and LocalGovernments
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UPSC Syllabus
18���5. Elections
q Simultaneous Elections: feasibility and benefitsq Introduction of NOTA in elections
q Bill on Right To Recall Legislators
q Benefits of recognition as a National party
q Provision of Compulsory Votingq State funding in elections
q Corporate funding laws
q Election Commission Proposal for counteringbribe-for-votes
q About Paper Trail Units
q Issues related to the working of Political Parties
q Voting rights to NRI
q Role of civil society in free and fair electionq Women voices in elections
q Law Commission Report on Electoral Reforms
6. Organisations/Bodiesq 14 th Finance Commission: Analysis
q 7th Pay Commission Report and Repercussionsq AFSPA and Second ARC
q Inter-State River Water Dispute
q Role of Niti Aayog
q Significance of Public Accounts Committeeq Autonomy of CBI
q Analysis of functioning of CAG
q Right to Information
q Accountability and transparency in NGOsq Need of Indian Skill Development Service
7. Initiatives for Transparency & Accountabilityq Saving life and Good Samaritan Law
q Pro-Active Governance and TimelyImplementation (PRAGATI)
q Right Based Approach in Policy Making
q Direct Benefit transfer
q Issues related to Making Aadhaar Mandatoryq Reforms needed in Indian Bureaucracy
q Performance appraisal system in bureaucracy
q Curb on VIP culture
8. Schemeq Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yogana (PMJDY)
q Swatchh Bharat Mission
q National Skill Development Mission
q National Food Security Act, 2013
q Sansad Adarsh Gram Yojana
q Smart City Mission
q Namami Gange
9. Reports & Policiesq Niti aayog’s report on rationalization of Centrally
Sponsored Schemes
q Law Commission’s 268 th Report on Bail Reforms
q Law Commission Report on Hate Speech
q Model Land Leasing Law prepared by NITI Aayog
q Standing Committee Report on waterconservation
q Report on Working Group on Migration
10. Miscellaneousq Liquor ban on highways: critical analysis
q SC Makes National Anthem Mandatory
q National Water Framework Bill
q Regionalism: Demand for smaller states
q Directly Elected Mayor
q Special category status to state: Meaning anddemand
q Analysis of Singer Verdict
q Debate on the issue of Lobbying in India
q Media Role and Censorship issue
q Fundamental Duties – Awareness Campaigns isthe Duty of Centre
q National Anthem – Mandatory in Cinema Halls –Article 51(a)
q Prevention of Insults to National Honor Act, 1971
q Triple Talaq Issu
q Uniform Civil Code
q MGNREGA : Right to work
q Making AADHAR Mandatory ViolatesFundamental Rights
BASIC ECONOMY1. Indian Economy and issues relating to planning
q Indian Economy in Pre-independence Period
q Economy on Eve of Independence
q Challenges
q Features
q Post-Independence India
q Issues
q Agriculture and its development so far
q Industry
q Services
q Phases of Economic Development in India
q Nehruvian Socialist Economy
q Economic Reforms
q Planning
q Objectives
q Technical details
q Planning History
q Analysis of each plan
2. Resource Mobilizationq Types of resources: Physical capital and finance
capital
q Need for resource mobilization-Police State andDemocratic Welfare State
q Sources of resource mobilization: Public Sectorand Private Sector
q Savings and investment over the five year plan
q Budgetary resources: Tax and Non tax
q Role of Public Debt in resource mobilization andeffects: Market borrowing, loans, grants, etc.
q Role of fiscal and monetary policies in resourcemobilization
q Role of foreign investment in resourcemobilization, desirability and consequences
q Multilateral agencies and resource mobilization
3. Inclusive growth and issues arising from itq Meaning and concept of Inclusion
q India’s experience
q Social sector initiatives and inclusion process
q Ground reality and working of flagship schemes
q India’s growth story in this context
q Why India’s growth is not inclusive?
q Rural economy based growth
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CENTRE FOR AMBITION
5. ECONOMY
19
q Need of Sustainable agriculture food security andresilience for growth.
q Public distribution schemes: Way to inclusivegrowth.
q Financial inclusion as an instrument of inclusivegrowth.
q Poverty Alleviation and Employment Generationas a strategy for inclusive growth
q Social sector development as an instrument forinclusive growth.
q Public private partnership for inclusive growth
q Industrial Integration for inclusive growth
q Sectoral and regional diversification as a tool forinclusive growth.
4. Government Budgetingq Budget terminology
q Types of budgetq Features of outcome budgeting
q Merger of Railway and General Budget
q Benefits of budgeting
q Flaws in budgeting processq Budget analysis
5. Investment modelsq Measures of Investment
q Capital and investment
q Factors affecting investmentq Classification of Investment
q FDI
q Angel Investors and Start-ups
q Investment Modelsq Role of State
q PPP (Public-Private Partnership)
q Savings and Investment Trends
6. Fiscal policyq Fiscal Policy in Indiaq Important Budgetary Terms and Fiscal Concept
q Government Revenues & Spending Deficits
q Balance Sheet
7. Taxationq Taxation Meaning
q Principles of Taxation
q Objectives of Taxation
q Taxation for Mobilization of Resources
q Tax System in India
q Subsidiesq Tax Reforms
q GST
8. Monetary policy in Indiaq Instruments of Monetary Policy
q Monetary policy in pre-reform Era (1948-1991)q Monetary Policy in Post-Reform Era (Since-1991)
q Urjit Patel Committee Report
q Monetary Policy Committee and InflationTargeting
9. Financial Systemq Money Market in India
q Capital Market in India
q Indian Capital Market Regulatory Frameworkq Primary Market Reforms in India
q Secondary Market Reforms in India
10. Bankingq Indian Banking System
q Functions of Commercial Banks
q Challenges Faced by Commercial Banks in India
q Nationalization of Banks in India
q Banking Reforms in India
q New Bank License Criteria
q Small Finance Banks and Payment BanksCriteria
q Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC)
q Terminologies/Concepts Related to Banking inIndia
q Financial Inclusion
q NPAs
q Bills related to Banking
11. Foreign trade & International Organisationsq International Trade
q Trade Policy
q Balance of Payments
q Foreign Capital
q Impact of Globalization on Indian Economy
q International Monetary Fund
q WTO
q World Bank Group
q AIIB and NDB
AGRICULTURE
1. Role of Agriculture in Indian Economy
2. Land resourceq Land-use
q Land capability classification
q Causes of Land Degradation
q Impact of Land Degradation
q Steps taken by GOI
q Sustainable Land Management
3. Land Reformsq Objectives of Land Reforms in India
q Progress of Land Reforms in India
q Progress of C eiling Legislation
q NITI Aayog Report on Land Leasing
4. Agriculture Financeq Features of Agricultural Finance
q Criteria for Agricultural Credit
q Need for Agricultural Finance
q Sources of Agricultural Finance
q Problems of Agricultural Finance
q Measures taken to improve credit flow toagriculture
q Co-operative Credit Societies in India
5. Agricultural Credit Institutionsq Commercial Bank
q Lead Bank Scheme
q Multi Agency Approach
q Regional Rural Banks
q National Bank for Agriculture and RuralDevelopment (NABARD)
q Reserve Bank of India
q Kisan Credit Card Scheme
q Self Help Group (SHG) Bank Linkage Programme
q Rural Infrastructure Development Fund (RIDF)
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UPSC Syllabus
20 �q Government Policy For Agricultural Credit
q Farmers Service Societies (FSS)
6. Crop Insurance in India
q Historical Background
q Issues Related to Crop Insurance
q Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yogana
q Comparison with Earlier Crop InsuranceSchemes
q Challenges
7. Agriculture Marketing
q Process of Agricultural Marketing in India
q Structure of Agricultural Marketing in India
q Importance of Proper Agriculture Marketing
q Government Measures to Improve AgriculturalMarketing in India
q Analysis of APMC Act
8. Subsidies
q Objectives of subsidies
q Transfer of resources from gainers from economicpolicies to losers from economic policies
q Farm Subsidies
q Fertiliser subsidies
q Subsidy on power
q Subsidy on power
q Subsidy on irrigation
q Rationale of Minimum Support Price
q Impact of MSP on inflation
q Public Distribution System: Objectives,functioning, limitations, revamping, evolutionfrom universal PDS to targeted PDS, TargetedPDS, a critical analysis of cost and benefit of PDS
q Buffer Stock policy and government ’sintervention in food market to keep prices underreasonable limits to help consumers
q Food Security bill, questions of resourcemobilization for the FSB, criticism of the FSB
q Important questions on the future of subsidies
9. Agricultural Revolutions in India
q Green Revolution
q White Revolution-Operation Flood
q Yellow Revolution
q Blue Revolution
q Golden Fiber Revolution: Jute
10. Food Processing
q Processed Foods Scenario with respect to SpecificSectors
q Policy Initiatives
q Infrastructure Development in Food ProcessingSector
q Issues in Food Processing Sector
q FDI Policy in Food Processing
q Notable Trends in the Indian Food ProcessingSector
q Strategies Adopted in Budget
q New foreign and domestic investment
q Sector-specific government polices
INDUSTRY
1. Industrial policy and industrial development : MainIssuesq Mahalanobis strategy and India’s industrial
policy-Discussing Industrial policy resolution1948 and 1956 critically
q New Economic Policy and Industrial policy underthe policy of liberalization, privatization andglobalization
q Phases of Industrial development
2. Main features of Industrial development in Indiaq Roles of private sector and public sector,
Investment in the industrial sector, employment,productivity, profit etc.
q Strategies for disinvestment and privatization
q Role of Small, Medium and Micro enterprises,Government Policy, main problems, effects ofglobalization
q New Manufacturing policy
q Industrial corridors
q SEZs- Main issues like land use, relocation ofsame industries that exist, exports earnings vsloss of tax income
q Industrial sickness, institutional mechanism tosupport the sick industries, exit policy issues
q Main constraints in the industrial developmentof India
q Effects of globalization on industries, Sub-primecrisis and sovereign debt crisis on Industry inIndia
q Industrial Finance in India: Role of developmentbanking, commercial banking, venture capital,angel capital in industrializat ion and promotionof entrepreneurship
q Make in India achievements
TRANSPORTq Transport
q Importance and development of transport
q Means of transport
q Transport costs and economic distance
q Operating costs in transport
q Relative importance of means of transport:Railways, Roads, Pipeline, Oceans, Air Transport
q Government’s transport policy
q Transport patterns in the world: Oceanictransport
q Ocean transport routes
q Inland waterways
q Main regions of inland waterways
q Railways: Factors affecting the railroads
q Distribution of railroads in the world
q Factors influencing air transport
q Pipeline Transport
q Petroleum (oil) Pipelines
q Gas Pipelines
q Transport cost and specialization
q Transport and trade in the modern era
q Transport costs and scale economies
q Falling transport costs increase trade betweenneighbours
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CENTRE FOR AMBITION
21
q Failing transport costs lead to concentrationwithin countries
q Negative externalities of transport
q Important Issues
l Ownership and financing
l Pricing of Public utilities
l Infrastructure as avenues for investment
l Project delays-reasons and measures toovercome
l Public Private Partnership and related issues
l Operation and Maintenance of roads,railways, irrigation and power projects-Mainproblems and solutions
l Impact of Infrastructure-Economic Impacts,impact on social development,Environmental impacts
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
1. Finance
q Changes in Budget process in India
q Public Debt Management Cell
q IBBI and INSOLVENCY RULES
q Demonetization and its impact
q Goods and Services Tax
q Digital Payments scenario
q Task Force Releases draft Bill to establish aFinancial Data Management Center
q Task Force report on Financial Redress AgencyReleased
q Law Commission submits report on Income Taxrelated to Minors
q Consumer get free hand on paying service charge
q Monetary Policy Committee Review
q Report of Working Group on development ofCorporate Bond Market in India
q Concept of municipal bonds
q Lower Taxes, higher compliance: implication oneconomy
2. Banking
q Bank Consolidation: Pros and Cons
q Concept of willful defaulter
q Concept of bad bank
q Shadow banking
q Non Performing Assets
q Debate on RBI autonomy
q INDRADHANUSH Analysis
q MCLR regime
q Unified Payment Interface
q India’s Post payment bank
q Issue of Balance Sheet Syndrome
q Differentiated Bank Licenses
3. Industry
q Standing Committee submits report on IndustrialPolicy
q Draft National Food Processing Policy Released
q Initiatives for Fund for start-ups
q Companies need to look beyond CSR
q Merger of telecoms
q National Company Law Tribunal
q Initiatives to support MSME sector
q Model Shop and Establishment Bill, 2016
q National Capital Goods Policy
q H1B visa rules and IT sector
q Ease of doing business initiatives in Realty sector
q Coal linkage policy
q Ministry releases Draft Labor Code on SocialSecurity
q Analysis of Competition Commission of India
4. Agricultureq NITI Aayog report on Agriculture
q Agricultural Index by NITI Aayog
q Defects in Procurement Policy
q Reforming trade in agriculture products
q Report on incentivising production of pulsesreleased by Ministry of Finance
q Draft Model APMC Act, 2016 released
5. Infrastructureq Sagarmala project
q Inland waterways in India
q Safety issues in Railways
q Draft Policy of providing New Suburban RailSystems released
q NITI Aayog releases report on the impact of socialservice obligations by Railways
q Indian Railway Tourism Policy
q Aviation Sector and Regional ConnectivityScheme
q Air Service Agreement
q HELP
q Ministry of Power releases guidelines on Cross-border trading of electricity
q Supreme Court bans sale of vehicles notcompliant with BS IV standards
q Multi-Modal Transport System
6. External Sectorq Model Bilateral investment treaty
q Phasing out of FIPB
q FDI status and issues
q Permanent residency status to foreign investors
q Dispute Settlement Mechanism in WTO
q Increase in International Trade Dispute
q FTP 2015-20
q Reforms in IMF quota
7. Committeesq FSLRC – Financial Sector Legislative Reforms
Commission : Analysis
q Nachiket Mor Committee Report
q P J Nayak Committee
q Vijay Kelkar Committee on PPP
q Parthasarathi Shome committee on GAAR
q Urjit Patel Committee Report on Monetary Policy
q Mahapatra Committee (NBFC LoanRestructuring)
q Usha Thorat Committee
q Debroy Committee on Railways
q N.K. Singh Panel Report on FRBM
q Shanta Kumar Committee
q Ratan Watal Committee on Digital Payments
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UPSC Syllabus
22 �8. Miscellaneous
q Unemployment survey
q India’s first International Arbitration Centreinaugu rated
q Ponzi scheme and Issues
q Fat tax : Concept analysis
q National Student Start Up Policy
6. GENERAL SCIENCEBIOLOGY
1. Chemical Building Blocks of Life
2. History and Origin of Life
3. Cellsq Cell Structure
q Membranes
q Cell-Cell Interactions
q Energy and Metabolism
q Respiration
q Photosynthesis
q How Cells Divide
q Sexual Reproduction
4. Geneticsq Inheritance
q DNA, The Genetic Material
q Gene Expression
q Gene Regulation
q Mutation
q Recombinant DNA Technology
5. Classification of Living Thingsq Classification and Domains of Life
q General Biology/Classification of Living Things/Viruses
q Prokaryotes
q Eukaryotes
q Protists
q Plants
q Fungi
q Animals
6. Evolutionq Evolution of Life
q Animal Evolution
q Human Evolution
7. Tissuesq Epithelial tissue
q Connective tissue
q Muscle tissue
8. Economic Zoologyq Beneficial animals: Corals-Earthworm-
Vermiculture-Beneficial insects Prawns-Lobsters-Crabs-Pearl oysters-Fishes-Guano-Aquarium-Vivarium
q Harmful animals: Disease causing organismsVectors-Poisonous organisms-Foulingorganisms-Pests
9. Endocrine System
q Hypothalamus
q Pineal body (epiphysis)
q Pituitary gland (hypophysis)
q Thyroid
q Adrenal glands
q Reproductive glands
10. Respiration
q External and Internal Respiration
q Respiratory system in Plants
q Respiratory System in Insects
q Respiratory System in Humans and Animals
11. The Transport System in Organisms
q Transport system in a Cell
q Transport System in Plants
q Transport System in Animals
q Blood Vascular System
q The Lymphatic System
12. Skeletal and Muscular Systems
q Bone and Skeleton System (Osteology)
q Ligaments (Syndesmology)
q Muscular System (Myology)
q Vertebrates
13. Reproduction
q Asexual Reproduction in Plants
q Asexual Reproduction in Animals
q Sexual Reproduction in Plants
q Sexual Reproduction in Animals
q Sexual Reproduction in Humans
14. Excretion, Osmoregulation and Thermoregulation
q Excretory products
q Excretion in plants
q Excretion in Animals
q Osmoregulation, ADH and formation of Urine inAnimals
q Physiological and Behavioural Adjustments
15. Nutrition
q Classification by Source of Energy and Carbon
q Plant Nutrition
q Animal Nutrition
q Human Diet
q The Digestive System
INSTITUTIONS & POLICYq India’s policy in the field of the science and
technology
q The S & T policy resolution in 1958
q S & T policy of the 1983
q S & T policy of the 2003
q S & T policy 2013
q Institutional structure
q Department of Science & Technology
q CSIR
q Survey of India
q Science and Engineering Research Council
q Technology Development Board
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CENTRE FOR AMBITION
23
q National Accreditation Board For Testing AndCalibration Laboratories
q Science and technology as a source of HumanResource Development
q Awards related to Science
q New Initiatives Aligned with the National Agenda
q India and World collaboration in Science projects
q Technology Vision Document 2035
q National Biotechnology Development Strategy2015-2020
q National Intellectual Property Rights Policy
q Organ donation rules in India
q Policy on Synthetic Biology
ECHNOLOGY
1. Genetics and biotechnologyq Industrial genetics
q Protoplast and cell fusion technologies
q Genetic engineering
q DNA sequencing
q Nucleic acid probes
q Genomics and proteomics
q Antisense and RNA interface
q Potential laboratory biohazards of geneticengineering
q Bioprocess/fermentation technology
2. Biological fuel generationq Global warming and the significance of fossils
fuels
q Photosynthesis: the ultimate energy source
q Biofuels from biomass
q Bioethanol from biomass
q Biodiesel
q Methane
q Hydrogen
3. Environmental Biotechnologyq Microbial Ecology Environmental Biotechnology
q Waste water and sewage treatment
q Land filling technologies
q Composting
q Detect and monitoring of pollutants
q Microbes and the geological environment
q Environmental sustainabi l i t y and cleantechnology
4. Plant and Forest Biotechnologyq Plant biotechnology
q Forest biotechnology
5. Animal and Insect Biotechnologyq Genetic manipulation and transgenic animals
q Genetically engineered hormone and vaccines
q Animal o rgans for human patients
q Genetically modified insects
6. Food and beverage biotechnologyq Food and beverage fermentationsq Microorganisms as foodq Enzymes and food processingq Amino acids, vitamins and sweetenersq Organic acids and polysaccharidesq Public a acceptance and safety of new
biotechnology foodsq Biotechnology and medicineq Pharmaceuticals and biopharmaceu-ticalsq Antibioticsq Vaccines and monoclonal antibodiesq Biopharmaceuticals/therapeutic proteinsq Pharmacokineticsq Molecular biology and human diseaseq Diagnostics in developing countriesq Gene therapyq Systems biology and medicineq Stem cell biotechnology
7. Protection of biotechnological inventionsq Patent protection Trade secretsq Plant breeders’ rights
8. Recent initiatives in Health & Biotechnologyq Recent initiatives in Health & Biotechnologyq Diseases in Newsq India Declared Maternal and Neonatal Tetanus’
H5N1 and Yaws Freeq IPV Injectionq Mission Indradhanushq New TB Drug Regimenq E-Cigarettesq Digital Biopiracyq Kendrapara Sheepq DNA Tagging of Convictsq U.K. Grants Gene Editing Licenseq Genetically Modified Mosquitoq Designer Babies’ OR Three Parents Babiesq U.K. Grants Gene Editing Licenseq National Biotechnology Development Strategy
2015-2020.
SPACEq Types of orbits
q Launch Vehicle
q Satellite communication in India
q INSAT Satellite application
q Remote sensing applications
q Cryogenic rockets
q Global Positioning System
q Galileo
q GLONASS
q IRNSS
q GAGAN
q Chandrayaan-1 & II
q Mars Orbitor Mission
q Space Organisations
q Space race/Space junk
q Recent updates
q South Asia Satellite: Significance
q Neutrino Observatory
q Solar Mission-ADITYA
q Gravitational Waves
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UPSC Syllabus
7. SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
24 q FAST (Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical
radio Telescope)
q Spitzer Space Telescope
q Giant Microwave Radio Telescope
q Chandra X-ray Observatory
q James Webb Space Telescope
q ARIES/Devasthal Telescope
q Multi Application Solar Telescope
q Thirty Metre Telescope
q RESOURCESAT-2A
q ASTROSAT
q Sunspot
q Magnetars
q Neutron stars
q Air-breathing propulsion system
q Space Junk
q Graveyard Orbit
q India, NASA Join hands for Astrobiology Mission
q Neutrino Observatory
q Indian Space Vision-2025
DEFENCEq Missile System and classification
q On the basis of type
q On the basis of launch vehicle
q On the basis of Range
q On the basis of propulsion system
q India’s Missile System
l Agni l Prithvi
l Trishul l Nag
l Dhanush l Astra
l Prahaar
q BrahMos Missile System
q Indian Submarines and Naval Ships
q Light Combat Aircraft
q Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
q Stealth technology
q Chemical Weapon
q Biological Weapon
NUCLEAR ENERGYq Types of nuclear reactions
q Nuclear Power Reactor
q N-Power Policy of India
q Advantages of Nuclear Energy
q Disadvantages of Nuclear Energy
q Non-energy applications of Nuclear energy
q Impact of Radiation
q Issue of Radioactive Waste
q Institutions involved in Nuclear
q Inst itutions involved in Nuclear energyDevelopment, AERB
q Safety standards in Nuclear Power plants
q Nuclear & Radiological Disasters
IT, ELECTRONICS & TELECOMq Computers
q Generation of computers
q Computer terminologies
q Supercomputer and its applications
q Information technology
q Components of IT
q IT enabled services
q Application of IT
q Display technologies
q Cathode ray
q LCD
q LED
q Plasma Monitors
q Telecommunications
q Mobile generations
q Smartphone
q Important Concepts
q Government initiatives
q Digital India Initiative
q MeghRaj
q E-Kranti
q Contemporary debates
q Net Neutrality
q Internet of Things
q Big Data Initiative and Privacy
q Cyber crime and security
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN IT & TELECOM
q Cyber Swachhta Kendra
q Bharat QR
q Digital Transaction Methodologies
q Smart Credit Cards
q Bharat Net Project
q Wi-Fi Technology
q Block Chain Technology and Bitcoins
q Digital Terrestrial Television TransmissionSystem
q Disaster Management Network
q PARAM ISHAN – PARAM-ISHAN
NANO-SCIENCE & NANO TECHNOLOGIES
q What is Nanoscience and Nanotechnology?
q Origination of Nanoscience and Technology
q Basics of Nanoscience
q Nanomaterials
q Applications of nanotechnology
q Nano medicine
q Semiconductors and computing
q
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CENTRE FOR AMBITION
25
q Textiles
q Sustainable energy
q Environment
q Transport
q Space
q Agriculture
q Adverse Health and Environmental Impacts ofNanotechnology
q Social and Ethical Impacts:
q Nano-science and nano-technology in India
ROBOTICS
q What is Robotics?
q Machine vs Computer vs Robots
q Parts of a Robot
q Controller
q Manipulator
q End Effector
q Sensor
q Classification of Robots
q Rolling Robots
q Walking Robots
q Autonomous Robots
q Artificial Intelligence
q Advantages and Disadvantages of Robot
q Applications of Robotics
q Industrial Sector
q Aerospace
q Healthcare Delivery
q Outer Space
q Exploration
q Military Robots
q Disaster Areas
q Entertainment
q Agriculture
q Domestic work
8. ECOLOGY & ENVIRONMENTECOLOGY AND BIODIVERSITY
1. Ecologyq Types of Ecologyq Ecological Hierarchyq Scope of Ecologyq Habitat & Ecological Nicheq Deep vs. Shallow Ecologyq Ecological Principlesq Ecological Community
l Structure and Characterist ic of aCommunity
l Stratificationl Ecotonesl Ecological Dominancel Seasonal and Diurnal Fluctuationl Periodicityl Turnoverl Interdependencel Ecological Successionl Types and Process of Successionl Climax Community
q Range of Tolerance, Maximum Rangeq Difference between Ecology, Environment and
Ecosystem
2. Ecosystem and its dynamicsq Ecosystem Definitionsq Functions and Properties of Ecosystemq The Structure/Components of Ecosystem
l Abiotic Componentsl Biotic Components
q Ecosystem Dynamicsl Flow of Energy in Ecosysteml Trophic Levelsl Food Chainl Types & Significance of Food Chainl Food Webl Models for Energy Flowl Ecological Productivityl Ecological Pyramidl Biomagnifications
l Biological Controll Organic Farming
3. Biogeochemical Cyclesq Parts of a Bio Geochemical Cycleq Types of Biogeochemical Cycle
l Carbon Cyclel Nitrogen Cyclel Phosphorus Cyclel Sulphur Cycle
4. Biomes : Forest, Grassland, Mountain and DesertEcosystemsq Biomeq Grasslandsq Tundraq Desertsq Thar desertq Mountain biome
5. Aquatic Life Zones: Ocean, Rivers, Lakes, andWetlandsq Aquatic ecosystemsq Basic facts about the oceanq Importance of the oceanq Zones of the oceanq Marine lifeq Coral reefsq Coral reefs in Indiaq Conserving coral reefsq Mangrovesq Mangroves in Indiaq Freshwater in Indiaq Importance of lakesq National Lake Conservation Planq Wetlands and their importanceq Ramsar Conventionq Ramsar Sitesq Monteux Recordq Extent and distribution of wetlands in Indiaq Conserving the wetlands of India
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UPSC Syllabus
26 �6. Biodiversity Basic
q Biodiversity
q Important Kinds of biodiversity
q Degree of diversity in an ecosystem
q Endemic species
q Keystone species
q Indicator species
q Invasive species
q Allopatric and sympatric speciation
q Bioinformatics
q Biodiversity distribution
q Megadivers Countries
q Uses and values of biodiversity
q State of global biodiversity
q Threats to biodiversity
q Biodiversity Hotspots
q Eco-regions
q Role of traditional knowledge in biodiversity
q Biopiracy
q Extinction of species
q Mass extinction
q IUCN’s classification scheme
q IUCN Red-List of Threatened Species
q Level of biodiversity in India
q Biogeographic classification of India
7. Biodiversity Conservationq Ex-situ aid in-situ conservation
q Seed banks
q Zoos in biodiversity conservation
q Botanical gardens
q Protected areas
q State of Protected areas in the world
q UNESCO Man and the Biosphere Program (MAB)
q Characteristics of biosphere reserves
q International agreements for biodiversityconservation
q Convention on Biological Diversity
q Cartagena Protocol
q Nagoya Protocol
q Aichi Biodiversity Targets
q Important Costal and Marine Biodiversity Areasof India
q Important Bird Areas (IBAs) of India
q Global Tiger Initiative
q Project Tiger
q Project Elephant
q Indian Rhino Vision
q Recovery Programme for Critically EndangeredSpecies
q Use of indigenous knowledge for conservingbiodiversity
q Seed Village
8. Effect of Human Activities on Environmentq Effect of Modern Agriculture of Environment
q Effect of Housing on Environment
q Effect of Power Generation on Environment
q Effect of River Valley Projects (Water ResourceProjects) on Environment
q Effect of Mining on Environment
q Effect of Transportat ion Activi t ies onEnvironment
q Effect of Tourism on “Environment
9. Water Resource degradationq Water Cycle (Hydrological Cycle)
q Availability and Quality Aspects (groundwaterdepletion)
q Water-borne and Water-induced Diseases
q Fluoride Problem in Drinking Water
q Arsenic Problem in Drinking Water
10. Minerals & Environmental Degradationq Mining and Environment
q Sensitivity of Select Ecosystems to Mining
q Impact of Mining
q Indirect Impact of Mining
q International Laws on Mining
q Main Act or Statue to regulate the impact ofIndian Mining Sector
q Sustainable Mining
11. Deforestationq Causes of Deforestation
q Implications of Deforestation for Climate Change
q Consequences of Deforestation on the Wildlifeof India
q Impact of Deforestation on Indian Monsoon
q Impact of Deforestation on People
q Deforestation Leads to Water and Soil ResourcesLoss and Flooding
q Economical Impacts
q Strategies for Reducing De4forestation
q Government Programmes for Conservation ofForests
q Legislations for Conservation of Forests usingPeople Participation
q Steps for Improving People Participation in ForestResource Management
q Use of Local Traditional Methods
12. Waste Managementq Solid Waste
q Hazardous Waste
q E-Waste
q Bio Medical Waste
q Plastic Waste
q Methods for Waste Management
q Effects of Poor Waste Disposal
q Landfill
13. Sustaniable Developmentq Principles of Sustainability
q Measurement of Sustainability or SustainableEthics of Equitable Utilisation of NaturalResource
q Sustainable Lifestyle (Role of an individual insustainable, development)
q Challenges to Sustainable Development
q International Efforts to Achieve Sustainability
14. Environmental Pollutionq Air Pollution
q Sources of Air Pollution
q Effects of Air Pollution
q Classification of Air Pollution
q Control Measures of Air Pollution
q Ari Pollution Disasters
q Long Range Transport of Gaseous Air Pollutants
q National Ambient Air Quality Standards
q Water Pollution
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CENTRE FOR AMBITION
27
q Sources of Water Pollution
q Types of Water Pollutants
q Effects of Water Pollution
q Water Quality Standards
q Control of Water Pollution
q Thermal Pollution
q Sources of Thermal Pollution
q “Effects of Thermal Pollution
q Control of Thermal Pollution
q Soil Pollution or Land Degradation
q Sources of Soil Pollution
q Control Measures
q Noise Pollution
q Air-borne Diseases
q Toxic Substances: Toxicant, Toxicity andToxicology
q Factors affecting toxicity
q Carcinogens
15. Solid Waste Managementq Sources of Solid Waste
q Effect of Solid Waste
q Control Measures of Solid Waste
q Solid Waste Management Rules
q Hazardous Waste Management (HWM)
16. Coastal Ecosystem Managementq Mangroves
q Salient features of Mangroves
q Importance of Mangroves
q Mangroves in India
q Mangroves under threats
q Legal and Regulatory Approaches for Protection
q Estuaries
q Importance of estuaries
q Threats to estuaries
q Coral Reefs
q Geographical Conditions Required
q Uses of Coral Reefs
q Conservation of coral reef
q Steps for Coastal Ecosystem Management
17. Recent developmentsq Air Pollution
q Report on Air Pollution
q Bharat Stage Emission Standards
q Polluters Pay Model
q Household Air Pollution
q Open Waste Burning and its Impact
q Graded Response Action Plan on Pollution
q UN Sets Limits on Global Airline Emissions
q Waste Management
q Biodegradable Plastics
q Green Train Corridors
q Oil Spill
q Solid Waste Management-Buffer Zone
q Other News
q Report of Parliamentary Committee on ForestFires
q Urban Forestry Scheme
q Draft Notification to Regulate Pet Shops
q Ban on Import of Animal Skin
q River linking Project and Impact on Environment
q Algal Bloom Issue
q Illegal Salt Mining and its Impact
q India’s Wetland Report, 2016
q Deep Sea Mining
q Mass Coral Bleaching
q Ganga River Pollution
18. Environmental Impact Assessmentq Government Body which Executes EIA
q Environmental Effects Analysed under EIA
q Process of EIA
q EIA Ruling 1984
19. Environmental Lawsq Environmental Laws: Provisions in the Indian
Constitution towards Environmental Protection
q Salient Features of Air (Prevention and Controlof Pollution) Act, 1881*
q Salient Features of Water (Prevention andControl of Pollution) Act, 1974
q Salient features of Forest Conservation Act, 1980
q Salient Features of Wildlife Protection Act, 1972
q Salient Features of Environment (Protection), Act,1986
q Role of Government in Environmental Protection
20. Environment related Institutions andOrganizationsq Pollution Control Boards
q National Green Tribunal
q Forest Survey of India
q National Board for Wildlife
21. Schemesq Ecomark Scheme
q National Afforestation Program
q National River Conservation Plan
q National Mission for Clean Ganga
q National Ari Quality Index (AQI)
q National
q Action
q Programme to Combat Desertification
q UJALA Scheme
q Bharat Stage Norms
22. International Environmental Governanceq UNEP
q UNDP
q Centre for Biological Diversity
q WWF for Nature
q IUCH-Red List
q Birdlife International
q International Conventions/Protocols & theirObjectives
23. Basics of Climate Changeq Green House Effect and Global Warming
q Global Climate Change: International Efforts toControl Global Warming or Global ClimateChange
q Ozone Layer Depletion or Ozone Hole
q Acid Rain
q El Nino
q La Nina
24. Urbanization and climateq Pollution in metros and climate change
q Real estate boom and environment degradation
q Urban Heat Island
q Polythene bags and pollution
q Methane generation from waste
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UPSC Syllabus
28���q Mosquito-borne diseases
q Ozone depletion and human health
27. Recent developments
q Carbon Neutrality Concept
q Climate Change Indicators: WMO report
q IPCC 5 th Assessment Report
q Paris Agreement
q Marrakech Climate Change Conference
q International Solar Alliance (ISA)
q Kyoto Protocol (2 nd Commitment 2013-20)
q Kigali Agreement
q Climate Change Performance Index
25. Impact of agriculture on climate
q Agriculture increases Carbon Dioxide Emissions
q Monoculture practice impacts biodiversity
q Pollution due to use of chemical fertilizers
q Soil-related effects
q Fertilizer’s Effect on the Environment
q Impact of livestock on environment
q Impact of use of Pesticides on EnvironmentImpact of GM crop on environment
q Emission of Methane from agricultural practices
q Sustainable Agriculture Techniques
26. Global Warming & Health
q Health impacts of global warming
RECENT DEVELOPMENT
1. Wildlifeq Man-Animal Conflicts in India
q Poaching activities in India
q Controlling wildlife crimes using sniffer dogs
q Draft on animal cruelty
q Formation of Tiger Reserves: Critical Analysis
q International treaties for wildlife conservation
q Use of drones for wildlife conservation
2. Combating Pollutionq Indoor Air Pollution and its impact
q Impact of Particulate Matter
q Smog and its impact
q Plastic Pollution
q Light Pollution
q Oil Spill
q Solid Waste Management
q E-waste Management Rules 2016
q Groundwater contamination
q Bharat Stage Norm
q What is Polluters Pay Model?
3. Climate Changeq Paris Agreement
q Marrakech Climate Change Conference
q Kigali Agreement
q Kyoto Protocol (2 nd Commitment)
q International Solar Alliance
q Programmes and Policies Initiated for MitigatingClimate Change
q Carbon Neutrality Concept
q Concept of Green Bond
q Green Climate Fund
q Carbon Tax Feasibility in India
q Concept of Green Building
q Climate Change and Cities
q Ethical issue involved in climate change
q Climate change and its impact on Health
4. Renewable Energyq National Solar Mission
q Status of Hydro Power energy in India
q Status of Wind Energy in India
q Green Transportation
Initatives for Environmental Conservationq Ganga River Pollution
q Compensatory Afforestation Fund Act
q Draft National Wildlife Action Plan
q Draft Wetland Management Rules
q Initiatives to enhance green cover
q Policy on Promotion of City Compost
q Living status to Rivers
q National Hydrology Project
6. Environmental Institutionsq Pollution Control Board: Analysis
q National Green Tribunal: Analysis
q Forest Survey of India
q Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee
q Traditional Knowledge Digital Library
q TSR Subramanian Panel Report
7. Miscellaneous Issuesq Algal bloom Issue
q Melting of Antarctic and its impact
q River linking project and its impact
q Public participat ion for environmentalconservation
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1. Salient features of Indian society
q Feature of India Society
q Changes within Indian society and theirrepercussions
q Causes of changes
q Indian society today
2. Diversity of India
q What is diversity?
q Types of diversities in India
q Can diversity be equated with difference?
q The unity in diversity-a reality or a chimera
q Some examples
q Manner of reconciliation
3. Role of women's organizations
q Women's organizations in Indian history
q Types of women's organizations
q Level of penetration
q Women's organization-a ray of hope few casestudies
q Problems faced by women's organizations
q Is a larger vocal role possible and ways to achievethe same
q Role of SHGs, Micro finance Institutions
4. Poverty and development issues
q Poverty
q Concept of development
q Sen vs Bhawati model
q Crisis of development
q Certain case studies
q Government's initiatives and the five year plans
q Role of civil society organizations
5. Effects of globalization on India society
q What is the meaning of globalization
q Kinds of impact of globalization- economic,political, developmental and socio-cultural
q Is the impact solely positive or negative
6. Social empowerment
q Meaning and concept of social empowerment
q Why do we need social empowerment?
q Specific sections for whom social empowermentis the life blood
q Social empowerment through the five year plans
q Government's initiatives for empowerment
q Empowerment in reality and India's experience
q Other approaches/players/tools for socialempowerment and some case studies on thesame
7. Communalism
q Meaning and concept of communalism
q Historicity of communalism
q Recent incidents
q Role of third parties in inciting/ perpetrating
q Communalism under the law
q Can communalism eradicated from the Indiansociety completely
8. Secularismq Meaning and concept of secularism
q Secularism through the vantage point of IndiaConstitution
q Comparisons of models Indian & Western
q Gandhi ji on religion
q Indian Philosophy on secularism
q Threats on the secular spirit
q Is the Indian democracy mature enough tohandle the gravity of secularism
9. Regionalismq Meaning and concept of regionalism
q Theories on regionalism
q Regionalism in its various manifestations
q Role of various players
q Recent incidents causing a wave of flurry
q Possible ways to tackle the same
SECTION - BSYLLABUS EXPLAINED : MAINS
1. INDIAN SOCIETY T URES AND SOCIAL JUSTICE INDIAN SOCIETY
SOCIAL JUSTICE
1. Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of thepopulation by the Centre and Statesq Constitutional arrangement
q Women welfare
q Child welfare
q SC/ST welfare
q OBC welfare
q Old age welfare
q Legislations
q Issues
q Reforms needed
2. Services relating to Health, Education, HumanResourcesq Education Structure in India
q Primary, secondary and higher education
q Initiatives taken by GOI in education
q Issues
q Reforms needed
q Recommendations of committees
q Future prospects in education sector
q Skill development
q Health indicators
q Health structure in India
q Private and Public health structure
q Issues
q Reforms needed
q NITI Aayog Report
q
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UPSC Syllabus
30���q Reforms needed
q SDGs and India
3. Issues relating to poverty and hungerq Poverty definition by different committees
q Poverty data in India
q Causes of poverty
q Poverty and unemployment
q Poverty and social conflict
q Impact of LPG on poverty
q Linkage between poverty and development
q Rural poverty
q Urban poverty
q Feminization of poverty
q Poverty alleviation measures
q Problems in implementation of Poverty alleviationprogrammes
q Poverty and Hunger
q Food security programmes and issues
q Hunger and health
q Impact of hunger and poverty on economicdevelopment of the nation
q Controversy related to poverty data estimation
4. The Scheduled And Tribal Areasq 5th Schedule Areas
q 6th Schedule Areas
q Composition of autonomous councils
q Role and functions of councils
q Role of Governor with respect to tribal areas
WELFARE SCHEMES
1. Start-up and Skill Development
q Start Up India Scheme
q Stand up India Scheme
q National Student Startup Policy
q National Skill Development Mission
q Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yogana
q Deen Dayal Antyodaya Yohana
q Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen KaushalyaYojana
q Skill Development Initiative Scheme
q Self-Employment & Talent Utilisation (SETU)
q Atal Innovation Mission
2. Vulnerable Sector
q Social Security
q Atal Pension Yojana
q Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yogana
q Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana
q Minorities
q Nai Roshni Scheme
q USTAAD Scheme (Upgrading the Skills andTraining in Tradi tional Arts/Crafts forDevelopment)
q Nai Manzil Scheme
q Wopmen and Child Development
q Beti Bachao Beti Padhao
q Sukanya Samriddhi Yogana
q Digital Gudda Guddi Board
q Sabla
q Ujjawala Scheme
q Janani Suraksha Yojana
q Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram
q SC/ST
q Vanbandhu Kalyan Yojana
q Pradhan Mantri Adarsh Gram Yojana
q Disability
q Accessible India Campaign (Sugamya BharatAbhiyan)
3. Helath
q National Health Mission
q National Ayush Mission
q Swasthya Rakshan Program
q Jan Aushadhi Scheme
q Mission Indradhanush
q NFHS-4 survey
4. Educationq Padhe Bharat Badhe Bharatq Mid Day Meal Schemeq Ishan Udayq GIAN (Global Initiative of Academic Networks)q Rashtriya Avishkar Abhiyanq SWAYAM (Study Webs of Active-Learning for
Young Aspiring MINDS)
5. Rural & Urban Developmentq Sansad Adarsh Gram Yojanaq Gram Uday Se Bharat Uday Abhiyanq Shyama Prasad Mukharjee Rurban Missionq Deendayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojanaq Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojanaq Swachch Bharat Abhiyanq Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana-Graminq Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana-Urbanq Housing for all by 2022q Smart Cities Missionq Hriday-NMational Heritage City Development
and Augmentation Yojanaq Amrut (Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban
Transformation)
6. Miscellaneous Schemesq Jeevan Pramanq Digilockerq Bharatnet Project (National Optical Fiber
Network)q INSPIRE (Innovation in Science Pursuit for
Inspired Research)q SAKAARq Digital Indiaq Namami Gange Project (Integrated Ganga
Conservation Mission Project)q Ganga Gram Yojanaq Jal Kranti Abhiyanq Khelo Indiaq One Rank One Pension Schemeq PRAGATI (Pro-Active Governance and Timely
Implementation)q Indian Community Welfare Fund (ICWF)
7. Inclusive growthq Measurement Criteriaq Government initiatives for inclusive growthq Basic Amenities : Housing/Drinking Waters/
Sanitations
q Sustainable Development
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8. Rural Developmentq Rural development and poverty alleviation
q Review of the Existing Programmes
q Development Administration
q Panchayati Raj
q Agriculture and Rural Development
9. Social Sector Billsq The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of
Children) Act.
q Surrogacy (Regulation) Bill, 2016
q Child Labor (Prohibition and Amendment) Bill,2016
q Maternity Benefit Bill, 2016
q Pre-Conception & Pre-Natal Diagnost icTechniques (PNDT) act.
q Mental Health Care Bill, 2013
q Protection of Children from Sexual Offenses(POCSO)
q Anti Trafficking Bill with Stringent Penalty
q HIV and AIDS (Prevention and Control) Bill-2014-Amendments
q Domestic Violence Act, 2005-SC Widens Ambit
q Rights of Persons with Disabilities Bill, 2014 withmore Benefits
q Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Bill,2016
q The Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes(Prevention of Atrocities) Amendment Act.
SOCIAL ISSUES IN NEWS
1. Secularism, Regionalism & Communalismq Secularism and Anti-Conversion
q Regionalism: Demand for smaller states
q Repercussions of making Hindi compulsory
q Socio-Economic Caste Census, 2011.
2. Issues related to Womenq Maternity benefit Amendment Bill
q Altruistic surrogacy in India
q Status of widows
q Acid Attacks
q SC banned Women Sterilization in India
q Issue of Sex ratio
q Issue of Triple Talaq
q Female Foeticide and Infanticide
q Reservation for Women in Legislature
q Women in Combat Duties
q Women in panchayats
q Women participation in Economy
q Challenges faced by Working Women
q Draft National Policy for Women, 2016
3. Issues related to Childrenq Protection of Children from Sexual Offenses
q Issue of malnutrition in India
q Amendments proposed in Childe Labour Act
q Plight of street children
q Adoption Regulations, 2017
q National Child Policy
q Out of school children: Issues and Steps needed
q Cradle Baby Scheme
q Juvenile Justice System
q Child Marriages In India
q Draft bill on child abduction
q National Action Plan for Children, 2016
q Report on the Protection of Children (Inter-Country Removal and Retention) Bill, 2016
4. Social issuesq Social stigma attached with HIV
q Issues related to Transgender and TransgenderPersons Bill, 2015
q Euthanasia Issue: An Analysis
q Right to Privacy and Aadhaar
q Mental Health Care Bill
q Anti-Trafficking Bill, 2016
q Challenge of ageing with dignity
q Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act
q Maintenance of Welfare of Parents and SeniorCitizens Act
q Manual Scavenging
q Mob lynching and Rule of Law
q Issue related to Undertrials
q Issues related to Sanitation
q Sharp reality of displacement
q Moral Policing
q Income inequality in India
q Forest Rights Act: Analysis
5. Health & Educationq Issue of poor infrastructure in schools
q No Detention Policy
q New Policy on Education
q Lancent Report on Healthcare Spending
q New Health Policy, 2017
q Technology Adaptation in Health Care
q Food Fortification
6. Government initiatives in social sectorq Progress Panchayat initiative
q National Sex Offender Registry
q Slum Re-development
q Issue of farmer suicide in India
q Anthropological Survey of India
q National Commission for Socially andEducationally Backward Classes
q T.V.S.N. Prasad Report on Pellet Guns
q Uniform Civil Code
q Concept of Open Prison
2. INTERNA TIONAL RELA TIONSINDIA AND NEIGHBOURS
1. India-Nepal Relationsq Background of Relation
q Political
q Economic
q The Issue of Water and Hydropower Cooperation
q Social
q Psychological
q The Recent Visit of Prime Minister Narendra Modi
q Recommendations to Improve Relations
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UPSC Syllabus
32���2. India and Bhutan
q Economy: A broad Overview
q India, Bhutan and China: Issues
q The Recent Landmark visit by Indian PrimeMinister
3. Indo-Afghan Bilateral Relationsq A Long History of Bilateral Relations
q The India-Afghanistan Development Partnership
q Strategic factors undergirding India’s Partnershipwith Afghanistan
q Afghanistan after NATO Withdrawal
q Options for India
4. India-Bangladesh Relationsq Development Partnership
q India-Bangladesh Relations in line with ‘LookEast’ Policy
q Recent Boundary Agreements and their analysis
5. India-Maldives Relationsq Geostrategic Importance of Maldives
q Development Cooperation
q Security Risks
6. India-Sri Lanka Relationsq Commercial Relations
q Developmental Cooperation
q Fishermen Risks
7. India-Myanmar Relationsq Relation through ages
q Recent Change in policy
q China Role
8. Indo-Pak Relationsq Major Crisis
q Water Dispute
q Current Internal Scenario
q Impact on India
q Developments in Last One Year
9. Indo-Chine Relationsq Economic Relation
q China India Water Related Issue
q “String of Pearls Strategy”
q China’s Maritime Silk Route Implications forIndia
10. South China Sea Disputeq Main Disputes
q Resources as a Driver of Competition
q Attempts for Resolution
q India and South China Dispute
11. Security Challenges in the Indian Ocean Regionq The Pivot to Asia-US Policy Shift
q South China Sea-Issues of Mistrust
q Piracy off the Coast of Somalia
q Neighborhood Issues and Terrorism
q Energy Routes
q Fisheries and Livelihood Issues
q Declaration of India Ocean as Zone of Peace
q India and Asian Nations relations
INDIA & ASIAN NATIONS RELATIONS
1. CIS Countries of Central Asiaq India-Turkmenistan
q India-Kazakhstan
q India Tajikistan
q China And Central Asia
q International North-South Transport Corridor
q Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
2. India-Mongoliaq India-Mongolia Bilateral Cooperation
q Deal on Uranium Supply
q Visit
3. India-UAE Relationsq Political and economic relation
q Oil Economic Relation
4. India - IRANq Iran Nuclear Deal and India
q India Iran Relations
q US-Geopoli t ical and Geo-EconomicConsideration in Iran
5. India - ISRAELq Israel and Palestine
q India – Israel Relations
6. India-Saudi Arabiaq Areas of Cooperation
q Challenges in relations
7. Asia-Pacific Regionq Zones of Activity
q Regional Groupings
q Geopolitics of Asia Pacific
8. India-South East Asiaq Steps in Indo-ASEAN Relations
q India-ASEAN Security Co-operation
9. Indo-Japan Bilateral Relationshipq Economy Centric Relationship
q Contemporary Perspective
10. India-South Koreaq India South Korea Relations
q Economic Partnership in Recent Years
11. India-Vietnamq Economic Cooperation
q Strategic Cooperation
q China’s Response
q India’s Response
INDIA & ASIAN NATIONS RELATIONS
1. Indian Diasporaq Role played by Indian Diaspora
q Issue of safety of Indians abroad
q Schemes for Welfare of Overseas Indian
q
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INDIA & OTHER NATION & INSTITUTIONS
1. India and Africa
q Historical Connections
q Gandhi’s Role
q Nehru’s Role
q Strengthening of Ties
q South-south Engagement
q Current Dynamics
q Economic Cooperation
q Human resources development and capacitybuilding
q Energy Cooperation
q Military Security Co-operation
q Trade Policy under Modi
q Afro-Indian Trade
q Indian investment in Africa
q African investment in India
q Development cooperation and assistance
2. Indo-Australia Relationship
q Immigration Issue and Indian Diaspora
q Economic Relationship
q Issue of Nuclear Cooperation
q 26 India-Russia Bilateral Relationship
q Shanghai Co-operation Organization
q Warming Relationship between Pakistan andRussia
3. France
q Strategic Partnership
q Prime Minister’s Recent Visit to France
q 28 Germany
q Indian-Germany Economic Relations
4. United Kingdom
q Ties in Current Context
q Scotland’s Referendum
q India & BREXIT
5. India-USA Relations
q Area of Co-operations: Strategic Consultations
q Area of Co-operation : Counter terrorism andInternal Security
q Area of Co-operation: Trade and Economic
q Area of Co-operation : Energy and ClimateChange
q Area of Co-operation : Science & Technology (S& T) and Space
q Area of Co-operation : People to People Ties
q Area of Co-operation : Defiance Cooperation
q Intellectual Property Issues
q India and International Organisation
6. The World Trade Organizationq Representation in the WTO and Economic
Groupings
q How the WTO takes Decisions
q The WTO Secretariat and Budget
q How Countries Join the WTO
q Assisting Developing and Transition Economics
q Specialized Help for Export Promotion
q The WTO’s Part in Global Economic Policy-making
q Nairobi Package adopted at 10 th WTO MinisterialConference
q WTO reportsrise in protectionism
7. International Monetary Fundq International Monetary Fund (IMF)
q India gets more Voting Rights in IMF Reforms
8. Nuclear Security Summitq The fourth Nuclear Security Summit: 2016
q Threats of Nuclear Terrorism
q Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR)
q Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)
q Recent Support for NSG Membership for India
q Why is India seeking to become a member ofNSG ?
q Argument in favour for India Joining NSG
9. BRICSq Economic Environment in BRICS Countries
q Last BRICS Summit in Goa, India
q BRICS-BIMSTEC Outreach Summit
10. BIMSTECq Convention on Mutual Legal Assistance in
Criminal Matters
11. IBSAq IBSA Potential
q Need for Revitalizing IBSA
q India’s Policy Options
q Technological Collaboration
12. SAARC
q Indo-Pak Conflict
q Problem of Resource Development
q Prospects For SAARC
13. Relevance of Non-Alignment in present Indiaq What is NAM?
q Relevance in Present era
14. India-ASEAN Economic Cooperationq Singapore
q Vietnam
q Indonesia
q India ASEAN FTA in Service
3. INTERNAL SECURITY1. Internal Security Challenges
q Internal Security Challenges
q Social Diversity as Issues of Security Threat
q Challenges from within
q Neighbours as Issue of Security Threat
q Non-State Actors as Issue of Security Threat
q Global Indices and Measurement of Vulnerabilityof a State Towards such Non-State Actors
q Law and Order Vs. Internal Security
2. Terrorism Threat to Indiaq Terrorism Threat to India
q Changing face of Terrorism
q Terror Threats Faced by India
q Broader Framework to Deal with Terrorism
q Drawbacks in Intelligence Infrastructure
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UPSC Syllabus
34 3. Organized Crime
q Types of Organized Crime
q Problems in controlling organized crimes
q Combating organized crimes
q Linkage of Terrorism and Organized Crime inIndia
4. Linkage between Development and Spread ofExtremismq Stated Purpose of the Naxal Movement
q Why naxalism got huge support from commonman?
q Why naxalism is biggest threat to internalsecurity?
5. Insurgency in North-Eastq Issues & Conflicts
q Assam Insurgency
6. Security Challenges in Border Areasq Challenges to Border Management
q Issue Faced in Border Management
q Community Part icipat ion for BorderManagement
7. Basics of Cyber Securityq Types of Cyber Crimes
q Impact and Steps needed
q Recent Incident: Ransomware
q The National Cyber Security Policy of India 2013
8. Cyber Warfareq Factors Contributing/Aggravating Rise of Cyber
Attack
q Recent Initiatives for Tackling Cyber Warfare
9. Social Media and Internal Security Threatq Regulation of Social Media in India for Internal
Security
q Challenges in Monitoring Social Media
q Steps Needed
10. Money Launderingq Meaning of Money Laundering
q Harmful Effects of Money Laundering
q Steps taken by the Government
11. Black Money in Indiaq Parallel Economy in India
q What are the various measures taken byGovernment to curb Black Money?
q Impact of demonetisation on black money
q Criticisms
12. Police Reforms in Indiaq The Organisational Structure
q Duties and Responsibilities of the Police
q Centre’s Role in Policing
q Traditional Security Challenges
q Non-Traditional Security Challenges (NTS)
q Recommendations for Police Reforms
q Police we Want in 21 st Century
13. Various Security Forces and their Mandateq Assam Rifles
q Border Security Force (BSF)
q Indo-Tibetan Border Police
q Central Industrial Security Force (CISF)
q Central Reserve Police Force
q National Security Guard
q Issues with Paramilitary Forces
4. ETHICS, INTEGRITY A PTITUDE1. Ethics Basic Introduction
q Dimensions of Ethics
q Essence of Ethics
q Approaches of ethical Study as IndianPerspective and Western Perspective
q Basic concept of ethics morality and value
q Ethics in public life
q Ethics in Economic Life
q Freedom and Discipline
q Duties and Rights
q Virtue Ethics
q Consequences of Ethics in Human Actions
q Values and Ethics in Government: Legislature,Executive and judiciary
q Contrib ution of Family in Value Education
q Contribution of Society in Inculcating Values
q Role of Educational Institutions in InculcatingValues
2. Human Valuesq Human value & Socialization
q Individual Personality and Value
q Values and Skill
q Fundamental and Instrumental Values
q Democratic Values
q Role of ethical value in governance and society
q Significance of value in civil services
q Aesthetic values
q Values in work life and professional ethics
3. Aptitude and foundational values of civil servicesq Essential Aptitude for civil servants
q Fundational Values of Civil Services
q Neutrality
q Anonymity
q Civil Services Accountability
q Integrity
q Humility
q Adaptability
q Magnanimity
q Perseverance
q Impartiality and Non-Partisanship
q Tolerance and compassion for the weaker section
q Contribution to society
4. India & World Thinkersq Indian Thinkers
l Mahatama Gandhi
l Dr. S. Radhakrishna
l Rabin dranath Tagore
l Swami Dayanand Saraswati
l Mahadeva Govinda Ranade
l Sri Aurobindo
l Swami Vivekananda
l Sardar Patel
l Buddha Bhim Rao Ambedkar
l Raja Ram Mohan Roy
l Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj
l Mother Teresa
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l Amitabha Chowdhury
l Aruna Roy
l T. N. Seshan
l E. Sreedharan
q Administrative Thinkers
l Max Weberl Elton Mayol Peter Druckerl Chestar Barnardl Mary Parker Folletl World Thinkersl Platol Aristotlel Socratesl Jeremy Benthaml JS Milll Thomas Hobbesl John Lockel Jean Jacques Rousseaul John Rawlsl Immanuel Kantl Carol Gilliganl Jean Paul Sartrel Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegell Confuciusl Rene Descartesl Karl Marxl Adam Smithl Thomas Aquinasl David Humel Democritusl Galileol Friedrich Nietzschel Montesquieul Voltairel Thomas Jeffersonl Indian & World Leadersl Benjamin Franklinl Martin Luther Kingl Dalai Lamal Nelson Mandelal Mahatma Gandhil Siddhartha Gautamal Aung San Suu Kyil Swami Vivekanandal Albert Einsteinl Abraham Lincolnl Mother Teresal J L Nehrul Lee Kuan Yewl Henry Fordl Abdul Kalaml Muhammad Yunusl Wangari Maathail Kofi Annanl Lech Walesal Desmond Tutul Isaac Newtonl Elie Wiesell King Ashokal Sun Yat Sen
5. Attitudeq Components of Attitude
l Affective component
l Cognitive component
l Behavioral Component
l Functions of Attitude
l Adjustive Function
l Ego-Defensive Function
l Value-Expressive Function
l Knowledge Function
l Attitude Formation Model
l Impact of Beliefs and Values
l Group Influences
l Social Influence
l Persuasion Tactics
l Tools of Persuasion
l Moral Attitude formation
l Politica l Attitude formation
6. Emotional Intelligenceq Theories Associated with Emotional Intelligence
q Can E motional Intelligence be Developed?
q Components of Emotional Competencies
l The Self-Awareness Cluster: UnderstandingFeelings and Accurate Self-Assessment
l The Social Awareness Cluster: ReadingPeople and Groups Accurately
l The Relationship Management Cluster:Inducing Desirable Responses in Others
q Importance of Emotional Intell igence atWorkplace
q Importance of Emotional Intelligence in CivilServices
7. Values & Ethics in Public Administrationq Ethical Concerns in Public Institution
q Ethical Dilemmas in Public and PrivateInstitutions
q Laws, Rules and Regulations as Source of EthicalGuidance
q Accountabi l i ty and Ethical GovernanceStrengthening of Ethical and Moral Values inGovernance
q Moral Judgments in International Relations
q Ethical Relation in Funding
q International Relations and concept of MoralResponsibility
q Ethics In working of international organizations
q What is Corporate Governance?
q Models of Corporate Social Responsibility
q Steps taken by World Bank for Good CorporateGovernance
q Norms�for Corporate Government in India
q Concept of business ethics
8. Probity in Governanceq Concept of Public Service
q Philosophical basis of Governance and Probity
q Information Sharing, Transparency and Right toInformation
q Flaws in RTI and recommendations forimprovement
q Importance of Vigilant Citizens
q Information sharing and participation
q Importance of Code of ethics
q Code of Ethics in Professions
q Code of Conduct for Ministers; for Legislators;for Civil Servants; for Regulators and for theJudiciary
q Components of a Citizen Charter
q Steps in formulation of a Citizen’s Charter
q Concept of Work Culture
q The Indian Approach to Work
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UPSC Syllabus
36���q Methods of improving Work Culture
q Quality of Service Delivery
q Utilisation of Public Funds
q Problems in Fund Release and Utilization
q Parliamentary Control on Expenditure
q Corruption in India: extent, dimension, andresponse
q Corruption as a social evil
q Probity in public life Corrupt practice among civilservants and official misconduct
q Exposing corruption: Civil Society initiatives androle of Whistleblower Act.
q Tackling corruption: Role of Government andinstitutions of governance
q Controlling corruption: Various approaches an defficacy
APPLIED ETHICS
1. Euthanasis Issue
q Social and ethical angle
q Different arguments related to Euthanasia
q Conclusion
2. Surrogacy
q Case study
q Issues
q Ethical Issues
q Concept of ethical surrogacy
q Conclusion
3. Ethics & Sports
q Importance of sports
q Ethical Issue: Need for sportsmanship
q Ethical Issue: Doping
q Ethical Issue: Discrimination and SexualHarassment
q Ethical Issue: Sports as a Business
q Steps needed
4. Media Ethics
q Role of Media
q Ethical Issues faced by Reporters
q Trial by Media
q Media Prejudice
q Ethical Dilemma faced by Photo Journalists
q Digital Media Ethics
q Paid News
5. Business Ethics
q Principles of Business Ethics
q Dimensions related to Business Ethics inOrganisation
q Business Ethics and Corporate Governance
q Journey from Philanthropy to Corporate SocialResponsibility
q Issues related to Corporate Social Responsibility
q Issues in implementation of Business Ethics
6. Ethics Related to Economic Sanctions
q Why Economic Sanctions placed?
q Ethics in Economic Sanctions
q Conclusion
7. Refugees & Ethics
q Why Migration occurs?
q Case study of Syria
q Dilemmas related to Refugee crisis
q Steps needed
8. Ethical Dilemmas of Globalization
q What is Globalisation
q Free trade in Globalised world
q Issues with Newly developed trade patterns
q Criticism against global regime
q Way forward
9. Ethics of War
q Ethics and War theories
q Evils of war
10. Environmental Ethics
q Linkage between Ethics and Environment
q Theories related to Environmental ethics
q Role of individual
11. Ethical Issues in Biotechnology
q Issues related to Stem Cell
q Issues related to cloning
q Issues related to designer babies
12. Animal Ethics
q Introduction
q Issues of conducting research on animals
q Issue of keeping animals as pets
q Issue of Cruelty against animals
q Conclusion
13. Food Adulteration and Ethics
q Ethical dimension
q Ethical issue related to food additive
14. Abortion: Ethical or Unethical
q Law of abortion in India
q Recent Supreme Court verdict
q Ethical Issue: Health of Women vs. fetus
q Justification for abortion
q Argument against abortion
q Abortion and women rights
q Abortion and father rights
15. Honour Killing
q Honour killing is unethical
q Role of khap pachayat
16. Marital Rape
q Why Marital Rape should not be criminalized”
q Why Marital Rape should be criminalized?
q What are the hurdles?
17. Ethical Issue Involved in Child Labour
q Rights of Children
q Child labour and company
q Solution
q Role of Consumer
18. Ethical Issue Involved in Treating Juvenile asAdult
q Juvenile justice system
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CENTRE FOR AMBITION
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q Negative implications
19. Ethics and Old Age
q Ethical issues
q Issues faced
q Importance of autonomy
20. Ethics in Public and Private Relationships
q Ethical values in Private relationships
q Ethical principles in Public relationships
q Linkage between Private relationships
q Linkage between Private relationships and Publicrelationships
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UPSC Syllabus
