Toni Huber - A Critical Edition of the Guidebook to Lapchi (La Phyi Gnas Yig)

A Critical Edition o f the

Guidebook to Lapchi {La phyi gnas yig)

Toni HuberHumboldt University

Abstract: The holy mountain and meditation caves at La phyi, located on the Tibet-Nepal border, form one o f the principal sites associated with the life o f Tibet’s most famous Buddhist saint, Mi la ras pa (1040-1123). The present contribution is a description and critical edition o f the main Tibetan textual source concerning the history, geography, and ritual traditions o f La phyi, the so-called Guidebook to Lapchi (La phyi gnas yig). It is intended that this critical edition be read together with my previously published annotated English translation o f the Guidebook to Lapchi andfield studies o f the area. Since relatively few examples o f genuine native Tibetan literature - as opposed to Indian or Indie-inspired Buddhist sources and their commentaries - have appeared in the form o f a critical edition, the present contribution will hopefully be o f interest to students o f Tibetan language and culture. It should highlight at least two important but often underestimated methodological issues in the study o f descriptions ofplace, such as pilgrimage or historical sites: the difficulty o f establishing a workable Tibetan text for research purposes; and the desirability o f undertaking field research at sites being described in textual sources in conjunction with any philological work.

Introduction

La phyi is one of the principal holy places associated with the life of Tibet’s most famous Buddhist saint, Mi la ras pa (1040-1123). This remote Himalayan valley, located on the present Nepal-Tibet border just to the east of the district of Gnya’ nang, has a long and interesting history as both a retreat site for prominent Tibetan lamas and a place of popular pilgrimage. I have already studied la phyi in some detail and published the results of this research elsewhere.1 The present contribution

1 T. Huber, “A Guide to the La-phyi Mandala: History, Landscape and Ritual in South-Western Tibet,” in Mandala and Landscapes, ed. A. W. Macdonald (New Delhi: D. K. Printworld, 1997),

Journal o f the International Association o f Tibetan Studies, no. 2 (August 2006): 1-38. www.thdl.org?id=T2724.

1550-6363/2006/2/T2724.

© 2006 by Toni Huber, Tibetan and Himalayan Digital Library, and International Association o f Tibetan Studies.

Distributed under the THDL Digital Text License.

Huber: A Critical Edition o f the Guidebook to Lapchi (La phyi gnas yig) 2

is a critical edition of one of the main Tibetan textual sources concerning the history, geography and ritual traditions of La phyi. The abbreviated title for this text used by some Tibetan editors is Guidebook to Lapchi (La phyi gnas yig). I previously published a fully annotated English translation of the Guidebook to Lapchi but was unable to include my critical edition of the Tibetan text due to restrictions of length imposed by the publishers.2 The critical edition is therefore presented here for the first time as a compliment to my annotated English translation. Since relatively few examples of genuine native Tibetan literature (as opposed to Indian or Indic-inspired Buddhist sources and their commentaries) have appeared in the form of a critical edition, the present contribution will hopefully be of interest to students of Tibetan language and culture.

The Author o f the Guidebook to Lapchi and His Sources

According to its colophon, the Guidebook to Lapchi was composed by Bstan ’dzin chos kyi bio gros in 1901 (iron-ox year of the fifteenth sexagenary cycle), while he was residing at La phyi. The author was a Buddhist monk whose full ordination name was Dkon mchog bstan ’dzin chos kyi bio gros ’phrin las mam rgyal.3 He was the thirty-fourth hierarch (gdan rabs) to head the ’Bri gung pa school of Tibetan Buddhism since its establishment in the late twelfth century by ’Jig rten mgon po (1143-1217). He was also reckoned as the sixth incarnation in the Skyab mgon chung tshang lineage of ’Bri gung. The author’s composition of the Guidebook to Lapchi, a text concerning the history, geography and ritual traditions of a holy place in south-western Tibet, has to be seen within the wider context of his religious and scholarly interests as head of the ’Bri gung school.

Bstan ’dzin chos kyi bio gros was bom in 1869 into the aristocratic Lha klu family of Lhasa, in the home of the twelfth Dalai Lama ’Phrin las rgya mtsho (1856-75). He was installed on the seat (gdan sa) at ’Bri gung in 1871, and after studying under tutors such as Lo chen nges don rgya mtsho, he was ordained in the presence of the twelfth Dalai Lama himself. During his mid-twenties, Bstan ’dzin chos kyi bio gros set off upon a long journey across the Tibetan plateau, from Khams in the east, through far western Tibet Stod, and eventually to Ladakh where the ’Bri gung pa maintained monastic communities. During his stay there, he established the monastery of Phun tshogs gling in eastern Ladakh, and appointed the ninth Rtogs ldan incarnation, Dkon mchog bstan ’dzin dam chos ’gyur med,

233-286; T. Huber, “Guidebook to La-phyi,” in Religions o f Tibet in Practice, ed. D. Lopez (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997), 120-134; T. Huber, “When What You See is Not What You Get: Remarks on the Traditional Tibetan Presentation of Sacred Geography,” in Tantra and Popular Religion in Tibet, ed. G. Samuel, H. Gregor, and E. Stutchbury (New Delhi: Aditya Prakashan, 1994), 39-52.

2 The fully annotated version was published in Mandala and Landscapes, while a lightly edited version without the notes appeared in Religions o f Tibet in Practice.

3 This biographical sketch is based upon the following sources: Thub bstan bstan pa’i rgyal mtshan, Chos rje ’bri gung p a ’i gdan rabs mdor bsdus (Rewalsar: 1964); Khetsun Sangpo, Biographical Dictionary o f Tibet and Tibetan Buddhism, vol. 9 (Dharamsala: Library o f Tibetan Works and Archives, 1981); Bstan ’dzin chos kyi bio gros, Dpal ’khor lo sdom pa ’i sku yi gnas gangs ri ti se dang gsung gi gnas la phyi gangs ra gnyis kyi gnas yig (Delhi: Jayyed Press, 1983); L. Petech, Aristocracy and Government in Tibet 1728-1959 (Roma: IsMEO, 1973).

Journal o f the International Association o f Tibetan Studies 2 (August 2006) 3

aka. Thub bstan bstan pa’i nyi ma (1878-1944?), as chos rje of all the ’Bri gung pa monasteries in Mang yul la dwags. After this, he returned to western Tibet and made a pilgrimage to several well-known holy sites which were of highest significance for the history of his own ’Bri gung pa tradition, namely Mount Kailash (Gangs ti se), Lake Manasarovar (Mtsho ma pham), and finally La phyi. He reached the Mount Kailash region in 1896, and while there he researched and composed a comprehensive pilgrimage guide for the holy mountain and lake. Today, this work remains the standard Tibetan guide for the region and its famous pilgrimages.4

Bstan ’dzin chos kyi bio gros continued his journey of pilgrimage, research and writing by travelling to La phyi in 1901, where he composed the Guidebook to Lapchi. Subsequently, he returned to his parent monastery at ’Bri gung to practice and study, and to ordain his successor, the thirty-fifth hierarch, Skyab rje zhi ba’i bio gros (1886-1943). In addition to his texts concerning the aforementioned famous holy places, Bstan ’dzin chos kyi bio gros is also known to have written other works before he passed away in 1906, at the age of only thirty-seven.5

Judging from the content of his texts concerning the holy places he visited, Bstan ’dzin chos kyi bio gros must have been both a keen on-the-spot observer and a collector of local oral traditions. His Guidebook to Lapchi is typical of many examples of Tibetan guidebook literature, in that it is what I call synthetic, being a combination of many types of sources and styles into one more or less seamless whole. Thus, in addition to his personal research at La phyi itself, we find that the author compiled the Guidebook to Lapchi using a number of earlier written sources which are - for the most part - mentioned in his text. These include:

1. The The Black Treasury (Mdzod nag ma), a work by the third Karma pa Rang ’byung rdo rje (1284-1339) on the biography and songs of Mi la ras pa.

2. A guidebook (gnasyig) for La phyi and a very rare manuscript biography of Mi la ras pa both written by G.yung ston zhi byed ri pa, a contemporary of Bo dong chos rgyal phyogs las mam rgyal (1375-1450).

3. An edition of Mi la ras pa’s biography by Lha bu bya btang, on which I currently have no information.

4. A guidebook (lam yig) for La phyi by the sixth Zhwa dmar pa Chos kyi dbang phyug (1584-1630) written shortly before his death.6

4 See T. Huber and T. Rigzin, “A Tibetan Guide for Pilgrimage to Ti-se (Mount Kailash) and mTsho Ma-pham (Lake Manasarovar),” in Sacred Spaces and Powerful Places in Tibetan Culture: A Collection o f Essays, ed. T. Huber (Dharamsala: Library o f Tibetan Works and Archives, 1999), 125-53.

5 See, for example, Bstan ’dzin chos kyi bio gros, Sman bla ’i mdo mchog bdud rtsi thigs pa na ’gros klag mchog tu bkodpa (Bylakkuppe: 1985).

6 See the recent discussion o f this text in F.-K. Ehrhard, ‘“The Lands are Like a Wiped Golden Basin’: The Sixth Zhva-dmar-pa’s Journey to Nepal,” in Les habitants du Toit du monde, ed. S. Karmay and P. Sagant (Nanterre: Societe d’ethnologie, 1997), 125-138.


5. The autobiography of the A rigs la ma zhabs dkar rdo rje ’chang (1781-1850).7

6. Based upon the internal evidence, he also appears to have used various other works, including the ‘standard’ biography and songs of Mi la ras pa by Gtsang smyon he ru ka (1452-1507).8

Methodology

The colophon of the Guidebook to Lapchi indicates that the original 1901 manuscript copy of the text was deposited at La phyi in the monastery of Chos ra dge ’phel gling. Later, in 1908 (earth-ape year), printing blocks were carved based upon this original, and the text was printed at the hermitage of Za lung kun bzang rtse at La phyi. We assume that all extant versions of the Guidebook to Lapchi derive from either the 1901 manuscript or the 1908 xylograph.

My critical edition of the Guidebook to Lapchi is based upon the three versions of the Tibetan text known to me at present. These texts and their sigla are as follows:

1. D: An Elucidatory and Concise Analysis o f Stories Concerning the History o f Godavari, alias the Snowy Enclave o f Nomadic Lapchi, One o f the Twenty-four Power Places for Accomplishing the Secret Path {Gsang lam sgrub pa 7 gnas chen nyer bzhi 7 ya gyal gau da wa ri ’am/ ’brog la phyi gangs kyi ra ba 7 sngon byunggi tshul las tsam pa 7 gtam gyi rab tuphyed pa nyung ngu rnam gsal). This version was published together with the author’s well-known guidebook to Mount Kailash (gangs ti se), some prayers (gsol ’debs), and a verse eulogy to Mi la ras pa and his lineage written by Kong sprul bio gros mtha’ yas (1831- 1899), the whole collection being entitled Dpal ’khor lo sdom pa 7 sku yi gnas gangs ri ti se dang gsung gi gnas la phyi gangs ra gnyis kyi gnas yig (Delhi: Jayyed Press, 1983). Version D is a modem print comprising just over 73 folios (r/v) of handwritten headed Tibetan script (dbu can) set out in the traditional block-print format.

2. G: Gsang lam sgrub pa 7 gnas chen nyer bzhi ’iya gyal gau da wa ri ’am/ ’brog la phyi gangs kyi ra ba 7 sngon byunggi tshul las brtsams pa 7 gtam gyi rab tu byedpa nyung ngu rnam gsal. This version was published under the English title: An Account o f the Place o f Meditation Known as La-phyi in Western Tibet (Gangtok: Sherab Gyaltsen, 1983). It is a modem print comprising 73 pages of handwritten headed Tibetan script set out in Western book-style format. While it is substantially identical to D, G is lacking the extended verse colophon that covers the last four and a half folios of D and the final three folios of R (see below).

7 See now the translation in M. Ricard, et al., The Life o f Shabkar: The Autobiography o f a Tibetan Yogin (Albany: SUNY Press, 1994).

8 See, Gtsang smyon he ru ka, alias Rus pa’i rgyan can, Rnal ’byor gyi dbang phyug chen po mi la ras pa ’i rnam mgur (Xining: Mtsho sngon mi rigs dpe skrun khang, 1981).


3. R: An Elucidatory and Concise Analysis o f Successive Stories Concerning the History o f Godavari, alias the Snowy Enclave o f Nomadic Lapchi, One o f the Twenty-four Power Places for Accomplishing the Secret Path (Gnas chen nyer bzhi 7 ya gyal go da wa ri ’am/ ’brog la phyi gans kyi ra ba 7 sngon byung gi tshul las rim pa 7 gtam gyi rab tu phyedpa nyung du rnam gsal). This version has been published in romanized transcription on pp. 115-50 of Elena De Rossi Filibeck, Two Tibetan Guide Books to Ti se and La phyi, Monumenta Tibetica Historica, Abteilung 1, Band 4 (Bonn: VGH Wissenschaftsverlag, 1988). In a previous article, and in the preface to the above work, De Rossi Filibeck also gives two alternative titles for the text, both of which differ from the one in her edition given above.9 As this scholar states she knows of only one extant copy of the text we can take it that these three different titles (none of which agrees exactly with D and G) do not refer to three different versions, although it is difficult to know which of them is in fact the correct one for R without seeing the copy of the original text she used. According to De Rossi Filibeck, R is an edition based on a single copy of the text of “50 pages (recto/verso),” although it is unclear whether it is a xylographed or calligraphed copy. This text is preserved in the Rome collection of the late professor Guiseppe Tucci. It is stated to be difficult to read at times due to the quality of the paper. R is substantially identical to D and G in overall content, except that like D it possesses the extended verse colophon that G does not.

It is difficult to know with any degree of certainty if D, G and R are all independent witnesses, viz. possibly all copies (independently made) of the original 1908 xylograph (or handwritten copies of it). Certainly D, G and R share virtually no common omissions which would tend to indicate their status as independent witnesses. In general, G preserves the best readings, while D and R often agree against G, especially in the case of trivial variants. This suggests that G has been subject to editorial work that removed errors and non-standard forms from the original xylograph but which still survive in D and R. The work of this same possible editor may also be responsible for the omission of the extended colophon from G. These suggestions remain of course hypothetical, there may be other explanations to account for the relationship between the three versions.

It may be wondered why I have bothered to produce an edition of the text so soon after the publication of R. It is evident from the collation of the three versions that R is replete with omissions and spelling and grammatical errors. Whether this reflects the poor state of the Rome copy, or sub-standard editorial work it is difficult to be sure in all cases, although one suspects the latter, e.g., R reads du for ngu where a locative is superfluous, frequently confuses nga / da, pa / ba and po / bo

9 See, E. De Rossi Filibeck, “A Research Report on the Editing of Two Tibetan gnas-bsad,” in Tibetan Studies, ed. M. Brauen and P. Kvaeme (Zurich: 1978), 216, and E. De Rossi Filibeck, Two Tibetan Guide Books to Ti se and La phyi (Bonn: VGH Wissenschaftsverlag, 1988), 7.


to give inappropriate readings, and in direct quotes from other well-known texts, such as the The Hundred Thousand Songs o f Mila Repa (Mi la 7 mgur ’bum), R often reads incorrectly against both D, G and the original source itself. Whatever the source of these types of errors may be, it is clear that R is a highly unsatisfactory edition, and in order to facilitate a serviceable translation I produced my own critical edition of the relevant portions of the Guidebook to Lapchi. In the edition to follow, folio numbering follows that of D only.

This edition and my translation of the Guidebook to Lapchi cover ff. la-16b, 25b-27a, and 46a-69a of the original text, and include all the material concerning the central area of La phyi and associated sites to the west. This is equivalent to chapters 1, 2, 3, and the introduction to and second half of chapter 5 of the original. These three portions of the text read well together as continuous narrative, and therefore I have not hesitated to present it in this final form.

I have omitted chapter 4 and the first half of chapter 5 for several reasons. Chapter 4 deals mostly with the history of the ’Bri gung pa and the establishment of their meditation retreat sites in the Himalayan borderlands and western Tibet. In writing these sections, Bstan ’dzin chos kyi bio gros’ intent was not only to provide some historical background, but to glorify his sect and demonstrate its long-standing presence in the area. Very little of the material relates directly to La phyi and its environs, and that which does has been summarized in my published research on La phyi. Moreover, most of the material has already been made available in published Tibetan histories, especially the well-known The Blue Annals (Deb ther sngon po), and in an article by Luciano Petech.10 The remainder of chapter 5 constitutes the guidebook () proper for the area of Chu dbar which is located in a separate valley system to the east of La phyi. Although like many other Himalayan valleys its traditions are related to those at La phyi through the cult of Mi la ras pa, Chu dbar remains peripheral to the major pilgrimage site of the region which is the sacred mountain and valley at La phyi. During my research on Tibetan pilgrimage places and the native literature which is composed about them, it has become clear to me that ideally one needs to have a first hand encounter with the places which texts are describing in order to fully appreciate all the dimensions of these written sources. Although I undertook field research at La phyi, I was unable to conduct any field work in the Chu dbar area, and this is an additional reason why I have omitted this section from my presentation of the text.

10 L. Petech, “The ’Bri-gun-pa Sect in Western Tibet and Ladakh,” in Proceedings o f the Csoma de Koros Memorial Symposium Matrafured, Hungary 24-30 September 1976, ed. L. Ligeti (Budapest: Akademiai Kiado, 1978), 313-326.

Journal o f the International Association o f Tibetan Studies (August 2006) 7

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Notes

1 R omits

R

R

*51'i p . &r

5 R omits

6 G: #

7 G: *

8 D: ^

9 D: T'

11

1 D omits S'

R: 5

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14 c\R omits S'

’ R omits

) ^ D omits 5’

' G: 5"''

s D:

! R: q'7£rl'

’ R: I

L D: -(]Tr

! R:

i D; ^ G: a|'

1 R: *

‘ D,G,R:

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

R omits 5FT

R:

D,R: If*'

R: g w

D,R: ^

R: t

R: ^

R: omits

D omits T

R : l

R omits ^ T

G: #

G:

G: 5 ^

G: ^

R: q

R: ^

D,R: IF

D: F

G: 'F ’T

D: F

D: ^

G :t r

R: * # 1'^

D :ar

R:

52 R substitutes

# for

53 D,R:

54 R: F

55

56

’ G: « ï

D, R: qI” r

57 D, R: ^

58 D, R: ^

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

D omits T

R omits

R: ^

R: ^

D:

G: ?

R: ^

R omits

R omits q’

R: ^

R : ^

G: *

G: ^

72 D omits ^

73 D:

74

75

76

77

D omits

D:

R omits w

R: qSF


78 R:

79 G : f

so q .

81 D:

82 D: qtF1

83 R: q

84 G: r i

85 R: =i

86 R:

87 G omits *r

88 D, R: fft'

89 G : f

90 R: q'

91 R: qq'

92 R: fS'

93 G: *1'

94 R omits 5'

95 R: q:q

96 R: q '

97 D: I'

98 R: ^

99 R: f 3!'

100 R: !jq'

101 R:

102 D:

103 D:

104 D, R: qaT>'

105 R:

106 G:

107 R: q'

108 R: f*-

109 R: ^

110 R:

111 D: ql r

112 G omits i q ;§î

113 R: ^

114 R adds ^

115 D adds 5'

116 G: *

117 R: q'

118 G: ^

119 D:

120 R: ^

121 R: q5qT

122 R adds a V qs*>1K

123 R: *1%

124 D: qq, R: qsT

125 R: ^

126 G: *

127 . R: q'

128 R: f q'

129 R: I3)

130 D, R:

131 R: 5'

32 R: q'

33 R . o j ^

34 G omits "3%

35 G omits w

36 D omits ^

37 G gq l-

38 R

39 R *1(7] <T

40 R

41 R » ■

42 G

43 G Sq'

44 R

45 D omits aFl**'

46 G :*

47 R:

48 R: I 41'

49 D, R: W3i'

50 G: w

51 D, R: ^

52 q .

53 R: q '

54 R omits I

55 R:

56 G: t

57 R: t5ar

58 D, R: ^


159 D: qfT

160 G adds

161 R: q'

162 R: *

163 G omits

164 G . ^

165 R omits 5

166 G adds

167 D: ??

168 D: qq'

169 G: ^

170 R omits q'

171 D adds *1

172 R: qq£<T

173 D, G: q!*'

174 R: w

175 D: *8'

176 R: q'

177 G: i q'

178 R omits ^

179 G:

180 R: 3%

181 D omits qqT>'q'

182 R omits “’RF"

183 D omits I'

184 R . *r

185 R: ^

186 R: 211 D omits gq

187 G: & 212 R omits

PÎ0000

213 R:

189 R: & 214 D, R omit If

190 D, G: R: 215 R omits &cyTV 216 R:

191 R omits q ’217 G:

192 R substitutes *r __ C\218 G: $

193 R: §q'

194 R omits 219 G :$

195 R: i*1' 220 D: R: q’

196 R: 221 D omits ^

197 R:222 G:

198 D omits F

199 G omits qN223 D, R: ifY

200 R: q|^ ’ 224 D, R: **

201 R: I*1' 225 R: q3v’

202 R: w226 q . q-

203 R: q|j^ 227 R adds ^

204 R omits *w 228 R:

205 R: &229 D:

206 D: FS230 D. afe-

207 R: q'

208 R: ^ 231 R omits 3-

209 D omits 232 D:

233 D omits ^

210 R omits


234 D: t 255 D, R: <% 278 R- q '

235 G: If 256 D:279 R: qx:

280 p . a]-

236 R: 257 G omits °*281 R omits

237 R: 258 R: 282 R:

238 D, G: q' 259 R adds q 283 G: S'

239 R: # 260 D: 284 R: q '

240 D omits q* W 261 q . 285 R: #

286 R: 1'q^ - 262 R:

287 R: tpi'241 jj. qq- 263 G: q^ l

288 D, R:

242 G: ql q' 264 G. g .289 R* ai*

243 R omits *■' 265 G: ^ 290 D: R omits T

244 G, R: 266 D . g- 291 D:

C\ 292 D omits #rD omits ^ 267 D, R: IF

293 G: q q ’

246 R: F - 268 D, R: 294 R omits ap*1’

R: 269 q .295 R- q’ ’

248 R- 270 D, R: 5] 296 R: q ’

249 Q . W 271 G omits297 R: §*>'

C\ -v 298 R omits fF250 R adds q 272 G . | -

299 R:251 R: ! 273 G: ^ 300 R: f

252 D, G: qf q- 274 G: «T 301 R: q *r

253 qs,- 275 G* 302 D, R: !K

254 D, R: <4ft 276 G omits §303 D, G, R: &

277 D omits 1304 R - q |W


305 R adds *' 331 R adds y r . 357 G:

306 D. & 332 R: ‘W 358 R: q3T

307 R omits ¥ ' 333 R: 359 G: qg^

308 shad R adds f j H 334 R: 360 G, R: &'

309 D, R: I s5’ 335 q : a£»r 361 D, R:

310 G omits 336 D: q3s' 362 G: T'F

311 G: I s1 337 R omits 363 G: ^

312 R omits W 338 D, G, R: § 364 D:

313 G: S' 339 R omits I“! 365 G: ^

314 R: q|=i' 340 R: 366 D omits ÏF

315 R: q' 341 G: 367 R:

316 R: 342 D: SF 368 R: £3'

317 R: f* 343 D, R: 5F 369 R omits F'

318 R: qq ' 344 D, G, R: 1 370 R: F fï

319 R: §' 345 R omits q 371 G: q ’

320 D, R: 346 D omits , 372 R: '3'

321 G: adds R: T>qf 373 D:

322 D, R: 347 R: 374 R: 3

323 R: ^ 348 G: q^ ’ 375 R omits

324 D, R: *«• 349 R* 376 D* q!

325 D, R: qTl' 350 R: SPV 377 D:

326 D adds W 351 R: *,a r 378 D, R: ^T

327 G: q»' 352 R omits 379 R: 3*'

328 R omits 3T 353 G omits f 380 R omits Ç

329 D: ^«T, G: R: 354 ?: Is1, c.f. fol.66a, 7 381 R:

355 R: 382 G omits

330 G ; ^ 356 q- 383 D, R omit


384

385

386

387

388

389

390

391

392

393

394

D: 4 ^

D : ^

R: grr

G omits

R omits q'

D:

R:

R: *

R omits

R adds &

D omits


Glossary

Note: Glossary entries are organized in Tibetan alphabetical order All entries list the following information in this order: THDL Extended Wylie transliteration o f the term, THDL Phonetic rendering o f the term, English translation, Sanskrit and/or Chinese equivalent, dates when applicable, and type.

Ka

Wylie Phonetics English Sanskrit/Chinese Dates Type

karma pa Karmapa Lineage

kong sprul bio gros

m th a ’ y as

Kongtrül Lodrô Tayé 1831-99 Person

dkon mchog bstan

’dzin chos kyi bio gros

’phrin las rnam rgyal

Könchok Tendzin

Chökyi Lodrö Trinlé

Namgyel

Person

dkon mchog bstan

’dzin dam chos ’gyur

m ed

Könchok Tendzin

Damchö Gyurmé

Person

skyab mgon chung

tshang

Kyapgön Chungtsang Lineage

skyab rje zh i ba 7 bio

gros

Kyapjé Zhiwé Lodrö 1886-1943 Person

Kha


mkhas btsun bzangpo Khetsün Zangpo Khetsun Sangpo Author

Ga


gangs ti se Gang Tisé M ount Kailash Place

Cha


chu dbar Chuwar Place

chos kyi dbangphyug Chôkyi Wangchuk 1584-1630 Person

chos rje Chôjé Name

chos rje ’bri gungpa 7

gdan rabs mdor bsdus

Chôjé Drigungpé

Denrap Dordü

Text

chos ra dge ’phel

gling

Chôra Gempel Ling Monastery

Ja


j ig rten mgon po Jikten Gönpo 1143-1217 Person

Nya


g n y a ’ nang Ny al am Place

Ta


rtogs Idan Tokden Lineage

stod Tö far western Tibet Place


bstan ’dzin chos kyi

bio gros

Tendzin Chökyi

Lodrö

Author;

Person

Tha


thub bstan bstan pa 7

rgyal mtshan

Tupien Tenpé

Gyeltsen

Author

thub bstan bstan pa 7

nyi ma

Tupien Tenpé Nyima 1878-1944? Person

Da


deb ther sngon po Depter Ngönpo The Blue Annals Text

gdan rabs denrap hierarch Term

gdan sa densa seat Term

Na


gnas chen nyer bzhi 7

ya gyal go da wa ri

’am/_ ’brog la phyi

gans kyi ra ba 7 sngon

byung g i tshul las rim

p a 7 gtam gyi rab tu

p h ye d p a nyung du

rnam gsal

Nechen Nyerzhi

Yagyel Godawari am,

Drok Lapchi Genkyi

Rawe Ngonjunggi

Tsiille Rimpe Tamgyi

Raptu Chepa

Nyungdu Namsel

An Elucidatory and

Concise Analysis o f

Successive Stories

Concerning the H istory o f Godavari,

alias the Snowy

Enclave o f Nomadic

Lapchi, One o f the Twenty-four Power

Places fo r

Accom plishing the

Secret Path

Text

gnas y ig neyik guidebook Term

rnal 'byor gyi dbang

phyug chen po mi la

ras pa 7 rnam mgur

Nenjorgyi Wangchuk

Chenpo M ila Repe Namgur

Text

Pa


dpal ’khor lo sdom

pa 7 sku y i gnas gangs

ri ti se dang gsung gi

gnas la phyi gangs ra

gnyis kyi gnas y ig

Pel Korlo Dompé

Kuyi Né Gangri Tisé dang Sunggi Né

Lapchi Gangra Nyikyi

Neyik

Text

Pha


phun tshogs gling Piintsok Ling Monastery

’phrin las rgya mtsho Trinlé Gyatso 1856-75 Person

Ba


bo dong chos rgyal

phyogs las rnam rgyal

Bodong Chögyel

Choklé Namgyel

1375-1450 Person

dbu can uchen headed Tibetan script Term

’bri gung Drigung Monastery

’bri gung pa Drigungpa Organization


M a


m ang yu l la dwags Mangyül Ladak Place

m i la ras pa Mila Repa 1040-1123 Person

m i la 7 mgur ’bum Milé Gurbum The Hundred

Thousand Songs o f

Mila Repa

Text

sman bla 7 mdo

mchog bdud rtsi thigs

p a na ’gros klag

mchog tu bkod p a

Menlé Dochok Dütsi Tikpa N a Drô Lak Choktu Kôpa

Text

Tsa


gtsang smyon he ru ka Tsangnyön Heruka 1452-1507 Author;

Person

Tsha


mtsho ma pham Tso M apam Lake Manasarovar Place

Dza


m dzod nag ma Dzö Nakma The Black Treasury Text

Zha


zhwa dmar pa Zhamarpa Lineage

Za


za lung kun bzang rise Zalung Künzang Tse Monastery

Ya


g.yung ston zhi byed ri pa

Yungtôn Zhijé Ripa Person

Ra


rang ’byung rdo rje Rangjung Dorjé 1284-1339 Person

rus pa 7 rgyan can Ríipé Gyenchen Author

La


la phyi Lapchi Place

la phyi gnas y ig Lapchi Neyik Guidebook to Lapchi Text

lam y ig lamyik guidebook Term

lo chen nges don rgya mtsho

Lochen Ngedön

Gyatso

Person

Sa


gsang lam sgrub pa 7 gnas chen nyer bzhi 7

Sanglam Druppé Nechen Nyerzhi

An Elucidatory and Concise Analysis o f

Text


ya gyal gau dA wa ri


gangs kyi ra ba 7 sngon byung g i tshul

las tsam pa 7 gtarn gyi

rab tu phyed pa nyung

ngu rnam gsal

Yagyel Gaudawari

am, Drok Lapchi

Gangkyi Rawé

Ngonjunggi Tsiillé

Tsampé Tamgyi

Raptu Chepa

Nyungngu Namsel

Stories Concerning the History o f

Godavari, alias the

Snowy Enclave o f

Nomadic Lapchi, One o f the Twenty-four

Power P laces fo r

Accom plishing the

Secret Path

gsang lam sgrub pa 7

gnas chen nyer bzhi 7

ya gyal gau dA wa ri


gangs kyi ra ba 7

sngon byung g i tshul

las brtsams pa 7 gtam

gyi rab tu byed pa

nyung ngu rnam gsal

Sanglam Druppé

Nechen Nyerzhi

Yagyel Gaudawari

am, Drok Lapchi

Gangkyi Rawé

Ngonjunggi Tsiillé

Tsampé Tamgyi Raptu Jepa Nyungngu

Namsel

Text

gsol ’debs sondep prayer Term

Ha


lha klu Lhalu Clan

lha bu bya btang Lhabu Jatang Person

A


a rigs la ma zhabs

dkar rdo rje ’chang

Arik Lama Zhapkar

Dorjé Chang

1781-1850 Person

Non-Tibetan


Chi. Xining Place


Bibliography

Bstan ’dzin chos kyi bio gros. Dpal ’khor lo sdom pa 7 sku yi gnas gangs ri ti se dang gsung gi gnas la phyi gangs ra gnyis kyi gnas yig. Delhi: Jayyed Press, 1983.

--------- . Sman bla ’i mdo mchog bdud rtsi thigs pa na ’gros klag mchog tu bkodpa. Bylakkuppe: 1985.

De Rossi Filibeck, E. “A Research Report on the Editing of Two Tibetan gnas-bsad.” In Tibetan Studies, edited by M. Brauen and P. Kvaeme, 216. Zürich: 1978.

--------- . Two Tibetan Guide Books to Ti se and La phyi. Bonn: VGHWissenschaftsverlag, 1988.

Ehrhard, F.-K. “‘The Lands Are Like a Wiped Golden Basin’: The Sixth Zhva-dmar-pa’s Journey to Nepal.” In Les habitants du Toit du monde, edited by S. Karmay and P. Sagant, 125-138. Nanterre: Société d’ethnologie, 1997.

Gtsang smyon he ru ka (1452-1507), alias Rus pa’i rgyan can, Rnal ’byor gyi dbangphyug chen po mi la ras pa 7 rnam mgur. Xining: Mtsho sngon mi rigs dpe skrun khang, 1981.

Huber, T. “When What You See is Not What You Get: Remarks on the Traditional Tibetan Presentation of Sacred Geography.” In Tantra and Popular Religion in Tibet, edited by G. Samuel, H. Gregor, and E. Stutchbury, 39-52. New Delhi: Aditya Prakashan, 1994.

--------- . “A Guide to the La-phyi Mandala: History, Landscape and Ritual inSouth-Western Tibet.” In Mandala and Landscapes, edited by A. W. Macdonald, 233-286. New Delhi: D. K. Printworld, 1997.

--------- . “Guidebook to La-phyi.” In Religions o f Tibet in Practice, edited by D.Lopez, 120-134. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997.

Huber, T., and T. Rigzin. “A Tibetan Guide for Pilgrimage to Ti-se (Mount Kailash) and mTsho Ma-pham (Lake Manasarovar).” In Sacred Spaces and Powerful Places in Tibetan Culture: A Collection o f Essays, edited by T. Huber, 125-53. Dharamsala: Library of Tibetan Works and Archives, 1999.

Khetsun Sangpo. Biographical Dictionary o f Tibet and Tibetan Buddhism. Vol. 9. Dharamsala: Library of Tibetan Works and Archives, 1981.

Petech, L. Aristocracy and Government in Tibet 1728-1959. Roma: IsMEO, 1973.

--------- . “The ’Bri-gun-pa Sect in Western Tibet and Ladakh.” In Proceedings o fthe Csoma de Korös Memorial Symposium Mâtrafüred, Hungary 24-30 September 1976, edited by L. Ligeti, 313-326. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadö, 1978.


Ricard, M., et al. The Life o f Shabkar: The Autobiography o f a Tibetan Yogin. Albany: SUNY Press, 1994.

Thub bstan bstan pa’i rgyal mtshan. Chos rje ’bri gungpa 7 gdan rabs mdor bsdus. Rewalsar: 1964.

Documents

Toni Huber - A Critical Edition of the Guidebook to Lapchi (La Phyi Gnas Yig)