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Safety aspects to consider when designing a transit rail station
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GAPP ARCHITECTS AND URBAN DESIGNERSSTATION DESIGN – Safety + Security
4th Annual railway safety and security summit
EARLY DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR RAILWAY STATIONS IN REGARD TO SAFETY AND SECURITY
TOM STEER27 JULY 2011
GAPP ARCHITECTS AND URBAN DESIGNERSSTATION DESIGN – Safety + Security
INTRODUCTION
• Station sizing and evacuation• Client initial design parameters (LOS)
• References and standards
• Design, evaluation and confirmation
• Queueing and run-off
• Station areas – passive security and protection• Secure perimeters
• Windows and doors
• Master key systems
• Architectural finishes• Floor finishes – slip resistance
• Floor finishes – accomodation of visually and mobility impaired persons
• Floor slope - platform
GAPP ARCHITECTS AND URBAN DESIGNERSSTATION DESIGN – Safety + Security
STATION SIZING AND EVACUATION
• Client initial design parameters• Design year Level Of Service (LOS –
J.J.Fruin)
• Design year patronage/ridership figures
• Design year Headways & dwell times (rolling stock)
54
1267 840
216
1050 402
PLATFORM A
PLATFORM B
GAPP ARCHITECTS AND URBAN DESIGNERSSTATION DESIGN – Safety + Security
STATION SIZING AND EVACUATION
• References and standards• International
• UK: HMRI-Railway stations safety principles & guidance part 2 section B Stations
• UK: LUL - Station-planning-standards-and-guidelines Ed 6 2007
• USA: NFPA 130 (2000 edition)
• USA: Transit Capacity and Quality of Service Manual—2nd Edition
• Local
• SANS 10400 (2011) – Application of the national building regulations
• PRASA/METRORAIL NGS Norms, Guidelines and Standards for station design
GAPP ARCHITECTS AND URBAN DESIGNERSSTATION DESIGN – Safety + Security
STATION SIZING AND EVACUATION
• Design, evaluation and confirmation
CLIENT
TEAM
INITIAL ANALYSIS
AND SKETCH DESIGN BY
ARCHITECTS
INCLUSION IN DESIGN
STATION SIZING
ENGINEERING CONSULTANT
SIZING RECOMMENDATIONS
SIZING REPORT
TRANSFER LINK
Continuous review and
feedback until final design
NORMAL AND EVACUATION CONDITIONS
PLATFORM VERTICAL
CIRCULATION
PLATFORM WIDTH
TICKET GATESPLATFORM VERTICAL
CIRCULATION
PLATFORM WIDTH
TICKET GATESPLATFORM VERTICAL
CIRCULATION
PLATFORM WIDTH
TRANSFER LINK
TICKET GATESPLATFORM VERTICAL
CIRCULATION
PLATFORM WIDTH
Design check
QUEUEING AND RUN – OFF AREAS
PLATFORM VERTICAL
CIRCULATION
PLATFORM WIDTH
TICKET GATESPLATFORM VERTICAL
CIRCULATION
PLATFORM WIDTH
TRANSFER LINK
TICKET GATESPLATFORM VERTICAL
CIRCULATION
PLATFORM WIDTH
NORMAL AND EVACUATION CONDITIONS
TRANSFER LINK
TICKET GATESPLATFORM VERTICAL
CIRCULATION
PLATFORM WIDTH
GAPP ARCHITECTS AND URBAN DESIGNERSSTATION DESIGN – Safety + Security
STATION SIZING AND EVACUATION
• Queueing and run-off design
GAPP ARCHITECTS AND URBAN DESIGNERSSTATION DESIGN – Safety + Security
STATION OPERATIONAL AREAS
• Secure perimeters
Site
GAPP ARCHITECTS AND URBAN DESIGNERSSTATION DESIGN – Safety + Security
STATION OPERATIONAL AREAS
• Secure perimetersOperational areas
SECURITY ZONE
Control room
Ticket office
GAPP ARCHITECTS AND URBAN DESIGNERSSTATION DESIGN – Safety + Security
STATION OPERATIONAL AREAS
• Windows and doors
Determine appropriate level of security
GAPP ARCHITECTS AND URBAN DESIGNERSSTATION DESIGN – Safety + Security
STATION OPERATIONAL AREAS
• Master key systems
GAPP ARCHITECTS AND URBAN DESIGNERSSTATION DESIGN – Safety + Security
ARCHITECTURAL FINISHES
• Floor finishes – slip resistance• Assessment
• Selection
• Testing
• Floor slope – platform
APPLICABLE STANDARDS*SLIP RESISTANCE EN 13036-4 (pendulum test)
CoFSLIP RISK
0.00-0.24
HIGH
0.25-0.35
MODERATE
0.36-0.64
LOW
0.65+
EXTREMELY LOW
Two results are given for dry and wet conditionsCoF=Coefficient of Friction
GAPP ARCHITECTS AND URBAN DESIGNERSSTATION DESIGN – Safety + Security
ARCHITECTURAL FINISHES
• Floor finishes – accommodation of visually and mobility impaired persons• International
• UK: DfT – Guidance on the use of tactile paving surfaces
• AUSTRALIA: AS-NZS 1428.4-2002 – tactile indicators
• Local
• SANS 784-2008 - Design for Access and Mobility
• SANS 10400 (2011) Part S
GAPP ARCHITECTS AND URBAN DESIGNERSSTATION DESIGN – Safety + Security
END
