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Li ht B A l M thLi ht B A l M thLight Brown Apple MothLight Brown Apple MothEpiphyasEpiphyas postvittanapostvittana ––EpiphyasEpiphyas postvittanapostvittana
TortricidaeTortricidaeThe California ExperienceThe California Experience
Tom SmithTom SmithCalifornia Department of California Department of pp
Forestry and Fire ProtectionForestry and Fire ProtectionForest Pest ManagementForest Pest Management
Life StagesLife Stages
ADULT
EGGS
LARVA
PUPAPUPA
BackgroundBackgroundBackgroundBackground Generalist Defoliator Generalist Defoliator
Native to AustraliaNative to AustraliaNative to AustraliaNative to Australia Multiple Generations Multiple Generations
Per YearPer YearPer YearPer Year Established in New Established in New
Zealand, New Zealand, New e d, Newe d, NewCaledonia, United Caledonia, United Kingdom and HawaiiKingdom and Hawaii
USDA Class A USDA Class A Quarantined PestQuarantined Pest
FRUIT
DAMAGE
Hosts (Selected Agricultural)Hosts (Selected Agricultural)Hosts (Selected Agricultural)Hosts (Selected Agricultural) KiwiKiwi AppleApple LicheeLichee MangoMango OliveOlive
ApricotApricot AlmondAlmond BlackberryBlackberry OliveOlive
PeachPeach PearPear
PlPl
BlackberryBlackberry BlueberryBlueberry BroccoliBroccoli
C bbC bb PlumPlum PotatoPotato PumpkinPumpkin
CabbageCabbage CarrotCarrot CeleryCelery
RadishRadish StrawberryStrawberry TomatoTomato
CitrusCitrus CornCorn GrapeGrape TomatoTomato GrapeGrape
Hosts (Selected Forests)Hosts (Selected Forests)Hosts (Selected Forests)Hosts (Selected Forests) AstersAsters AldersAlders Black LocustBlack Locust CedarCedar PoplarPoplarpp CypressCypress Douglas FirDouglas Fir FirsFirs HollyHolly LupinesLupines ManzanitaManzanita ManzanitaManzanita OakOak PinesPines RedwoodsRedwoods RedwoodsRedwoods
Dieback On A Monterey Pine In New Zealand
BackgroundBackgroundBackgroundBackground
In 2006 Traps WereIn 2006 Traps Were In 2006 Traps Were In 2006 Traps Were Set Around Set Around California LookingCalifornia LookingCalifornia Looking California Looking For The Light For The Light Brown Apple MothBrown Apple MothBrown Apple Moth Brown Apple Moth And None Were And None Were FoundFoundFoundFound
BackgroundBackgroundBackgroundBackground In March 2007 A In March 2007 A
RetiredRetiredRetired Retired Entomology Entomology Professor From Professor From The University Of The University Of California Found 2 California Found 2 I di id l I AI di id l I AIndividuals In A Individuals In A Light Trap In His Light Trap In His Back Yard InBack Yard InBack Yard In Back Yard In Berkeley, CA (The Berkeley, CA (The 11stst Report In North Report In North ppAmerica)America)
BackgroundBackgroundBackgroundBackground
Subsequent TrapSubsequent Trap Subsequent Trap Subsequent Trap Catches Found Catches Found Moths Throughout Moths Throughout The Central Coast The Central Coast Including Areas That Including Areas That H d B T dH d B T dHad Been Trapped Had Been Trapped The Previous YearThe Previous Year
Trap CatchesTrap CatchesTrap CatchesTrap Catches Trap Catches Found Trap Catches Found pp
Moths Throughout Moths Throughout The Central Coast The Central Coast Of CaliforniaOf CaliforniaOf CaliforniaOf California
Nursery Stock Was Nursery Stock Was Found InfestedFound InfestedFound InfestedFound Infested
Rapid Spread Rapid Spread Thought To Be By Thought To Be By Movement Via The Movement Via The Nursery TradeNursery Trade
BackgroundBackgroundBackgroundBackground The Governor And The Governor And
The State Department The State Department Of Food And Of Food And Agriculture DeclareAgriculture DeclareAgriculture Declare Agriculture Declare An EmergencyAn Emergency
A Task Force OfA Task Force Of A Task Force Of A Task Force Of Experts From Experts From Australia, New Australia, New Z l d A d Th UCZ l d A d Th UCZealand And The UC Zealand And The UC System Recommend System Recommend EradicationEradicationd c od c o
ConcernsConcerns
Huge Host Range And Potential Spread AndHuge Host Range And Potential Spread AndHuge Host Range And Potential Spread And Huge Host Range And Potential Spread And Impacts Throughout The USAImpacts Throughout The USA
ConcernsConcernsConcernsConcerns
Economic ImpactsEconomic Impacts Economic Impacts Economic Impacts Due To Quarantines Due To Quarantines Within The State, Within The State, Between States And Between States And With Other Nations With Other Nations (C d M i(C d M i(Canada, Mexico, (Canada, Mexico, The European The European Union)Union)Union)Union)
ConcernsConcernsConcernsConcerns
Potential IncreasedPotential Increased Potential Increased Potential Increased Use And Misuse Of Use And Misuse Of Pesticides By Pesticides By Homeowners On The Homeowners On The Fruits, Vegetables and Fruits, Vegetables and O t l I Th iO t l I Th iOrnamentals In Their Ornamentals In Their YardsYards
ConcernsConcernsConcernsConcerns
SeveralSeveral Several Several Rare And Rare And Endangered Endangered Plant Plant Genera Are Genera Are O ThO ThOn The On The Known Host Known Host ListListListList
ConcernsConcernsConcernsConcerns
Rare And EndangeredRare And Endangered Rare And Endangered Rare And Endangered Insects Could Be Insects Could Be Displaced Or Lose Displaced Or Lose Their Food Sources Their Food Sources That Are Among The That Are Among The K H t GK H t GKnown Host Genera Known Host Genera For The Light Brown For The Light Brown Apple MothApple MothApple MothApple Moth
ConcernsConcernsConcernsConcerns
Salmon SpeciesSalmon Species Salmon Species Salmon Species May Be Further May Be Further Impacted By The Impacted By The Increased Water Increased Water Temperatures Temperatures C d BC d BCaused By Caused By Defoliation Of Defoliation Of Riparian SpeciesRiparian SpeciesRiparian SpeciesRiparian Species
ConcernsConcernsConcernsConcerns Timber Industry Timber Industry yy
Concerns:Concerns: All California Timber All California Timber
Species On The Species On The Known Host ListKnown Host List
California TimberCalifornia Timber California Timber California Timber Lands Already Lands Already Suffering From Other Suffering From Other Exotic Pests (SOD And Exotic Pests (SOD And Pitch Canker)Pitch Canker)
ConcernsConcernsConcernsConcerns
Potential For IncreasedPotential For IncreasedPotential For Increased Potential For Increased Wildfire Fuel Loads, Wildfire Fuel Loads, Ladder Fuels and Spot Ladder Fuels and Spot Over FiresOver Fires
Control OptionsControl OptionsControl OptionsControl Options Do NothingDo Nothing
A i l S Wi h Ch i l P i idA i l S Wi h Ch i l P i id Aerial Spray With Chemical PesticidesAerial Spray With Chemical Pesticides Aerial Spray With BtAerial Spray With Bt
A i l S With Ph Di tiA i l S With Ph Di ti Aerial Spray With Pheromone DisruptionAerial Spray With Pheromone Disruption Ground SpraysGround Sprays
Twist Tie TechnologyTwist Tie Technology Twist Tie TechnologyTwist Tie Technology Attract And Kill MethodAttract And Kill Method Mass Release Of Sterile MothsMass Release Of Sterile Moths Mass Release Of Sterile MothsMass Release Of Sterile Moths Augmentation Release Of Native Egg ParasitoidsAugmentation Release Of Native Egg Parasitoids Search For Parasites/Predators In AustraliaSearch For Parasites/Predators In Australia Search For Parasites/Predators In AustraliaSearch For Parasites/Predators In Australia
Twist TiesTwist TiesTwist TiesTwist Ties Used In Used In
Isolated Sites Isolated Sites With Few Moth With Few Moth CatchesCatchesCatchesCatches
Ties Ties ImpregnatedImpregnatedImpregnated Impregnated With With PheromonePheromone
Large Number Large Number Needed Per SiteNeeded Per Site
Population ReductionPopulation ReductionPopulation ReductionPopulation Reduction
Mass TrappingMass Trapping Mass Trapping Mass Trapping To Locate High To Locate High Populations OfPopulations OfPopulations Of Populations Of The MothsThe MothsJudicious Use OfJudicious Use Of Judicious Use Of Judicious Use Of BtBtA A d KillA A d Kill Attract And Kill Attract And Kill MethodMethod
Aerial SpraysAerial SpraysAerial SpraysAerial Sprays Begun In Santa Cruz Begun In Santa Cruz
And MontereyAnd MontereyAnd Monterey And Monterey Counties In 2007 Using Counties In 2007 Using Mating Disruption Mating Disruption Pheromone FlakesPheromone FlakesPheromone FlakesPheromone Flakes
The World Comes To The World Comes To An End! An End! (Establishment Of The(Establishment Of The(Establishment Of The (Establishment Of The “Stop The Spray” “Stop The Spray” Campaign)Campaign)
Misinformation From Misinformation From Activists, The Internet Activists, The Internet And The MediaAnd The Media
Stop The Spray!Stop The Spray!Stop The Spray!Stop The Spray!
Stop The Spray!Stop The Spray!Stop The Spray!Stop The Spray!
The AntiThe Anti--Spray Folks Make NumerousSpray Folks Make Numerous The AntiThe Anti--Spray Folks Make Numerous Spray Folks Make Numerous Allegations:Allegations:Health ProblemsHealth Problems Health ProblemsHealth Problems
Bird KillsBird Kills Cancer and AutismCancer and Autism Death of BeesDeath of Bees Death of Monarch ButterfliesDeath of Monarch Butterflies
Other ClaimsOther ClaimsOther ClaimsOther Claims
State Officials Are In The Pay Of TheState Officials Are In The Pay Of The State Officials Are In The Pay Of The State Officials Are In The Pay Of The Chemical CompaniesChemical CompaniesThe Inert Ingredients Are The Real ThreatThe Inert Ingredients Are The Real Threat The Inert Ingredients Are The Real ThreatThe Inert Ingredients Are The Real Threat
Experimentation Of Untried Chemicals On Experimentation Of Untried Chemicals On H B iH B iHuman BeingsHuman Beings
International Conspiracy!International Conspiracy! People Demand Alternatives To The People Demand Alternatives To The
Spraying Of Aerial “Pesticides”Spraying Of Aerial “Pesticides”p y gp y g
Media Adds To The ConcernMedia Adds To The ConcernMedia Adds To The ConcernMedia Adds To The Concern
Newspapers And Newspapers And TV Report AntiTV Report Anti--Spray Spray Allegations As Allegations As The Truth AndThe Truth AndThe Truth And The Truth And Will Not Retract Will Not Retract MisinformationMisinformationMisinformationMisinformation
Distrust Of ScientistsDistrust Of ScientistsDistrust Of ScientistsDistrust Of Scientists State And Federal State And Federal
Scientists Are All Scientists Are All Lying And In League Lying And In League With The Agricultural With The Agricultural And ChemicalAnd ChemicalAnd Chemical And Chemical CompaniesCompanies
Scientists Are HidingScientists Are Hiding Scientists Are Hiding Scientists Are Hiding The TruthThe Truth
Yet Scientists Who Yet Scientists Who Agree With Protesters Agree With Protesters Are “Highly Are “Highly Respected”Respected”RespectedRespected
PoliticsPoliticsPoliticsPolitics Politicians Get Politicians Get
InvolvedInvolved Legislative HearingsLegislative Hearings Bills Proposed To Ban Bills Proposed To Ban
Any Treatment Any Treatment G B k DG B k D Governor Backs Down Governor Backs Down On Aerial SpraysOn Aerial Sprays
Counties DeclareCounties Declare Counties Declare Counties Declare Themselves To Be Themselves To Be Pesticide Free ZonesPesticide Free Zones
Courts InvolvedCourts InvolvedCourts InvolvedCourts Involved Courts In Courts In
SeveralSeveralSeveral Several Counties Order Counties Order A Stop ToA Stop ToA Stop To A Stop To Aerial Aerial Treatments Treatments Pending The Pending The Completion Of Completion Of AAAn An Environmental Environmental Impact ReportImpact ReportImpact ReportImpact Report
Change In PlansChange In PlansChange In PlansChange In Plans
The State DepartmentThe State Department The State Department The State Department Of Food And Of Food And Agriculture Moves Agriculture Moves Ahead With Twist Tie Ahead With Twist Tie Treatments, Sterile Treatments, Sterile M th R l A dM th R l A dMoth Release And Moth Release And Augmentation Of Augmentation Of Native Egg ParasitesNative Egg ParasitesNative Egg ParasitesNative Egg Parasites
Present SituationPresent SituationPresent SituationPresent Situation
Most Of TheMost Of The Most Of The Most Of The Public Is SatisfiedPublic Is Satisfied
Some Are Some Are Continuing In Continuing In Their Efforts To Their Efforts To Stop Any Stop Any Treatment Of Any Treatment Of Any SortSortSortSort
Present Present SituationSituation
Light Light BrownBrownBrown Brown Apple Apple Moth Moth Continues Continues To Spread To Spread IIIn In CaliforniaCalifornia
National Risk HighNational Risk Highgg
Moral To The StoryMoral To The StoryMoral To The StoryMoral To The Story
Be PreparedBe Prepared Be Prepared Be Prepared For A BacklashFor A Backlash
Educate The Educate The Public And The Public And The MediaMedia
Reach Out To Reach Out To Everyone And Everyone And Keep Them Keep Them InformedInformed