Tollbooths & Highways

Devices, Media, & Bandwidth

By: Allan Johnson

Compare Networks by... What is flowing What different forms flow What rules govern flow Where does the flow occur

Examples of Networks

Utilities

Examples of Networks

Biological

Utilities

Examples of Networks

SocialBiological

Utilities

Examples of Networks

Transportation

SocialBiological

Utilities

Examples of Networks

Transportation

SocialBiological

Utilities

Communications

Communications

Pager/Cellular

PostalService

LANs/WANs

Telephone

TV/Radio

LANs & WANs Local Area Networks (LANs)

Operate locally Multi-user access @ high speeds

Wide Area Networks (WANs) Operate over larger areas Access over serial links @ low speeds

Local Area Networks What was the first type of computer

network called? Do you know the name of the first

device used to connect computers?

Hub

LAN Devices (Tollbooths) Connects PCs;

Repeats signalsHub

LAN segmentation; MAC addresses

Bridge

Switch

Router

Faster bridge; Full bandwidth

Path determination; Packet switching

WAN Devices (Tollbooths)

Modem Analog to Digital;

Remote LAN connections

Router Path determination;

Packet switching

Routers connect LANs & WANs

Routers are the “Tollbooths”

of theInformation

Superhighway

In Our Highway Analogy... What is flowing?

Traffic What different forms flow?

Cars, Trucks, Buses, etc. What rules govern flow?

Traffic Laws & Rules of Courtesy Where does the flow occur?

Streets

In Computer Networks... What is flowing?

Data What different forms flow?

Text, Video, Audio What rules govern flow?

Standards & Protocols Where does the flow occur?

Wires, Fiber, Atmosphere

LAN Media (Highways) Coaxial Cable Shielded & Unshielded Twisted Pair

(STP & UTP) Fiber Optics Wireless

Coaxial Cable

Used for Cable TV Almost obsolete as

a LAN media Types:

10Base2 10Base5

Category 5 UTP

Easy to Install Cheap & Reliable Types:

10BaseT 100BaseTX

Fiber Optics

Uses Light Very Fast! Types:

100Base-FX 1000Base-LX

Comparing Speed & Distance

Media Bandwidth Distance

10Base2 10-100Mbps 185m

10Base5 10-100Mbps 500m

10BaseT 10Mbps 100m

100BaseTX 100Mbps 100m

100Base-FX 100Mbps 2000m

1000Base-LX 1000Mbps 3000m

WAN Services The topic of Semester 4 For now, just know that the

following are WAN services... Modem ISDN Frame Relay T1/E1 T3 STS-1, STS-3, STS-48 (SONET)

When we say our Lab is capable of 100Mbps, what do we call that speed?

BandwidthDo we get the full 100Mbps?

No!What do we call what we actually get?

Throughput

Throughput Bandwidth Why?

PCs & ServersOther UsersRoutingTopology DesignType of DataTime of Day

Why is Bandwidth Important?

It is finite It can save money (How?) Key measure in design &

performance Demand increases constantly

Good Luck

On Your

First Test!!

That’s It For Chapter 1!!