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TOLERANCE REFLECTED IN KAZUO ISHIGURO’S NEVER LET ME
GO (2005): A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH
PUBLICATION ARTICLE
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Getting the
Bachelor Degree of Education in English Department
by:
ANDRE RIDWAN SEPLAWAN
A320120139
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2016
iii
ii
iii
1
TOLERANCE REFLECTED IN KAZUO ISHIGURO’S NEVER LET ME
GO (2005): A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH
Andre Ridwan Seplawan
Dr. Phil Dewi Candraningrum
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini tentang toleransi dalam novel Never Let Me Go oleh Kazuo
Ishiguro (2005) yang dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan sosiologi. Tujuan dari
studi ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana kondisi toleransi untuk manusia
kloning yang mana telah memiliki perasaan untuk hidup. Dalam menganalisis
Never Let Me Go, peneliti menggunakan metode kualitatif dan pendekatan
sosiologi. Data utama penelitian ini adalah novel Never Let Me Go oleh Kazuo
Ishiguro. Data sekunder penelitian ini bahan-bahan dan referensi-referensi terpilih
yang berhubungan dengan pembelajaran. Metode pengumpulan data
menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis
deskriptif. Peneliti menarik kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini. Tidak ada toleransi
atau penangguhan untuk kehidupan manusia kloning. Manusia kloning diciptakan
untuk mendonorkan organ tubuhnya untuk manusia asli.
Kata kunci: Toleransi, Never let Me Go, Sosiologi
ABSTRACT
This research paper is about tolerance in Kazuo Ishiguro‟s Never Let Me
Go novel (2005) which is analyzed using Sociological Approach. The objective of
this study are to find out how the condition of tolerance to the human clones
which have a feeling for life. In analyzing Never Let Me Go, the researcher uses
qualitative method and sociological approach. The primary data of this research is
Never Let Me Go novel by Kazuo Ishiguro. The secondary data are some selected
references and material related to the study. The method of the data collection is
library research. The technique of data analysis is descriptive analysis. The
researcher draws the conclusion in this research. That there is no tolerance or
deferral for life of human clones. Human clones were created to donate the organ
of the body to the real human.
Keywords: Tolerance, Never Let Me Go, Sociological
2
1. INTRODUCTION
Never let me go (2005) is a science fiction novel. The novel was authored
by Kazuo Ishiguro. The book is published by Faber and Faber. This novel was
selected in the booker prize in 2005. in 2005, this novel received an award
from the National Book Critics Circle Award. Then in 2006, the novel was
awarded the Arthur C. Clarke Award. Never Let Me Go novel begin the story
of a school called Hailsham in about 1970. Hailsham is a boarding school that
educates students in a variety of ways. They taught a variety of subjects with a
fun learning system. However Hailsham generally about the same as other
boarding schools, but only one thing: all students are clones product.
There are four reasons why the researcher choose this novel to be
analyzed. First, the researcher choose this novel because the researcher was
curious about the material presented by the author. The author makes the story
of human clone. This is something new in the literature for the researcher. The
researcher very interested in the author's courage in making novel about human
clone, although not told about the process of creating human clones, the
scientific basis, the process of its use, who users, and similar technical issues as
it should be in a science fiction story. But the author tells the love life of a
human clone.
Second, this novel tells of life that must follow a predetermined path. No
protest and no rebellion because they are clones. They are created to die. After
leaving adolescence and witnessing the death of the other clones, they have to
make a donation. That's when one after the other vital organs in their bodies
were taken and transferred to another person's body. While their organs are
used for the original human who fought against death. Donations are mostly
done through three or four times, because after that, the clones will certainly
die.
Third, the researcher loved this novel because the characters and conflicts
that occur between the love of two characters who are friends with each other.
Kathy and Ruth are the characters in this novel. They were friends with each
other despite their many differences. Their relationship began to move away
3
when the presence of Tommy. That raises a love triangle between the three of
them. Ruth liked Tommy and want to be able to have Tommy. Kathy and
Tommy actually like each other but are too shy to express her feelings. Finally
make room for Ruth to come in and finally managed to win the love Tommy.
But as an adult Ruth apologized to Kathy on past mistakes. Ruth was very
sorry to have to separate the love Kathy and Tommy. This is the first step for
Kathy to improve relations that had stretched between him and Ruth and
Tommy, although she also was able to dodge her love to Tommy who come
back to grow.
Fourth, the researcher interested in the moral message conveyed in this
novel. Message of the novel is about the use of time in life as good as possible.
Take advantage of that time to the loved ones. You do not need to think of a
time when it will end. You only need to provide the best for the person you
love. So that you will not regret it after you will lose important people in your
life.
Before analyzing the novel, the researcher has read other papers that is
relevant with the analysis, especially about the approach and the object. The
first research was conducted by Taufik Wahyu Skripka (UMS, 2014) entitled
Kathy H's Struggle For Getting True Love In Kazuo Ishiguro's Never Let Me
Go Novel (2005) : An Individual Psychological Approach”. On that research,
the researcher found that Kazuo Ishiguro deliver message that struggle for
getting true love because it is important in everyone's life because it is
absolutely and the result shows that the most influential aspect in the struggle
for getting true love. The second research was conducted by Ririn Tri Jantini
(UMS, 2014) entitled “Lost Of The Emotional Side Of Kathy In Romanek’s
Never Let Me Go Movie (2010): A Psychoanalytic Approach”. the researcher
found that the main character has a psychological condition that is not good.
The third is Medista Ayu Ningsih (UMS, 2015) entitled“Protest Against
Human Trafficking In Paulo Coelho’s Eleven Minutes Novel (2003) : A
Sociological Approach”. The author illustrates a sociological phenomenon
which should make every effort to cope with the problem of life. The fourth
4
research was conducted by Anindya Nurul Kusuma Dewi (UMS, 2014) entitled
“The Need For Etiquette Reflected In Suzanne Enoch’s England’s Perfect Hero
Novel (2004): A Sociological Approach”. The researcher found a close
relationship between the story of the novel and the reality of English society in
the twenty first century, in which some people ignore the importance of
etiquette in social interaction.The last is Siti Nur Rohmah (UMS, 2014)
entitled“The Importance Of Equal Social Status In Choosing Spouse Reflected
In William S. Maugham’s Up At The Villa (1941): A Sociological
Approach.”Based on analysis it is quite obvious that there is a close relation
between this novel and the social reality in England in early middle twentieth
century.
Literature is about presentation of human life. Literare is reflection of the
social realities in their life. “Literature and sociology are not wholly distinct
disciplines but, on the contrary, complement each other in our understanding of
society (Laurenson and Swingewood, 1972: 13).It means literary and sociology
have a close relationship.
Sociology is essentially the scientific and objective study about people in
society; it is also astudy about some social institutions and social processes
(Swingewood and Laurenson 1972: 11). Sociology is related to the description
of the ways people adapt by themselves with the certain societies, the
description of socialization mechanism, the cultural study proces where the
individuals are allocated to receive some roles in that social structure.
Sociology is also related to the social changing process that happen gradually
or revolutionary with the some effects of that changing.
Tolerance: It is respect, acceptance and appreciation of the rich diversity
of our world's cultures, forms of expression and ways of being human.
Tolerance is harmony in difference. It is fostered by knowledge, openness,
communication and freedom of thought, conscience and belief. Tolerance is
being yourself without imposing your views on others. Tolerance is not giving
in or giving up. Tolerance is, above all, an active attitude prompted by
recognition of the universal human rights and fundamental freedoms of others.
5
The practice of tolerance doesn't mean toleration of social injustice or the
abandonment or weakening of one's conviction. Tolerance is not always a
positive concept. More traditional meanings of the word tolerance do not
include respect or acceptance. The tolerant person occupies neutral ground, a
place of complete impartiality where each person is permitted to decide for
himself. No judgments allowed. No "forcing" personal views. Each takes a
neutral posture towards another's convictions (Koukl, 2013).
2. RESEARCH METHOD
There are five elements in this research that should be taken into account
in analyzing Never Let Me Go (2005) as follows:
a. Type of the Study
In this study, the researcher uses the descriptive qualitative research. It is
library research while data source are using literary data. It purposes to
analyze the novel applying sociological approach.
b. Object of the Study
The object of the study is Never Let Me Go Novel by Kazuo Ishiguro and
published by Faber and Faber.
c. Type of the Data and the Data Source
The researcher defines the source of data into „primary data‟ and
„secondary data‟. The primary data is the text of Never Let Me Go itself,
while the secondary data are taken from the books, internet and other
materials that are relevant to support the analysis.
d. Technique of the Data Collection
In this study, technique of data collection is the library research. The
steps in this library research are as follows:
1. Reading the novel repeatedly
2. Taking notes of important information
3. Arranging the data into several parts based on its clarification
4. Analyzing the data
5. Drawing conclusion based on the analyzing data.
6
e. Technique of the Data Analysis
The technique used in analyzing data is descriptive qualitative analysis. It
focuses on the analysis of the structural elements of the novel and then
sociological analysis.
3. FINDING
a. Social Aspect
There are several social aspects in the English society. The English
society is divided into three social classes that are upper class, middle class,
and lower class. Never Let Me Go novel shows some social aspect or social
structure in the story.
In Never Let Me Go novel, Madame is identified as upper class in social
structure of Never Let Me Go novel. The fact shows when madame visit
Hailsham, the student of Hailsham amazed with the luxury style of
Madame. Madame visit Hailsham by personal car.
“She always wore a sharp grey suit, and unlike the gardeners,”
(NLMG, 2005: 24)
“The afternoon Madame's car was spotted coming across the
fields,” (NLMG, 2005: 25)
Middle class is a one of social structures in England during the beginning
of the twenty first century. Middle class is the class that relative growth.
They can be higher or lower depends on their economic value (Liveset,
2006: 466-467). School teacher, sales employer and lower middle level
supervisior ran among those in this social class. In Never Let Me Go novel,
there are several teacher in Hailsham such as Miss Geraldine, Miss Lucy,
Miss Emily, and Mr. Roger.
“Miss Geraldine was everyone's favourite guardian when we
were that age.” (NLMG, 2005: 14)
Lower class is identified as the lowest class in social structure. Being lower
class does not need a formal education to enchancing a job. Lower class
repeated cycles of unemployement, working multiple low level part time
jobs are common among this group (Thompson and Hickey, 2005). In Never
7
let Me Go, Keffers is identified as lower class because he is a gardener in
Cottage. He comes to Cottage just two or three times a week.
“He was this grumpy old guy who turned up two or three times a
week in his muddy van to look the place over.” (NLMG, 2005:
86)
b. Race and Ethnicity
In Never Let Me Go novel, Kazuo Ishiguro does not decribe clearly
about the race and ethnicity of the characters in the story. According to
Cook (2003: 27) “Ethnic group in England society had some ethnic group
such as White people (British, Irish, Schottish), Mixed (White and Black
Carribean, White and Black African, White and Asian), Black (Carribean,
African, other Black) and other ethnicity. Madame is described as French
or Belgian. French or Belgian people as upper class in social aspect of
English society.
“We called her “Madame” because she was French or Belgian–
there was a dispute as to which–and that was what the guardians
always called her.” (NLMG, 2005: 24)
c. Economic Aspect
In Never Let Me Go novel, several characters have self-economic sector.
Kazuo Ishiguro shows the economic condition of the character he creates.
Miss Geraldine, Miss Lucy, Miss Emily, and Mr. Roger are the guardians in
the Hailsham. Guardian is the same as teacher in real life. Teacher is one of
the economic aspect in the United Kingdom.
“Miss Emily, our head guardian, was older than the others.”
(NLMG, 2005: 29)
Education and economic performance is likely to each other linked.
Having a more educated labor allows a company to take advantage of new
economic performance, it can improve the performance. The economic
growth can lead to greater national and personal wealth, it can improve the
available resources and opportunities for education. In Never Let Me Go
novel, there are several students in Hailsham. The students of Hailsham
such as Kathy, Ruth, and Tommy.
“My name is Kathy H. I'm thirty-one years old, and I've been a
carer now for over eleven years.” (NLMG, 2005: 1)
8
Healthcare in the United Kingdom is one of the economic improvement.
The hospital is a measure of a country‟s economic. In Never Let Me Go
novel, Kazuo Ishiguro makes Kathy worked in the hospital after she
dropped out from Hailsham. Become a nurse is a very good job when at the
time in United Kingdom. Become a nurse must have the intelligence and
ability more than the other students of Hailsham.
“For the most part being a carer's suited me fine. You could
even say it's brought the best out of me.” (NLMG, 2005: 154)
d. Political Aspect
In Never Let Me Go novel, politic aspect from the government doesn‟t
show the act. Kazuo Ishiguro doesn‟t show the act of government political
because this story is a fiction novel or fiction literarure. In this story, there
are enermous control power of the guardians or teachers from Hailsham.
The students of Hailsham saw the control power from the guardians. They
always obedient to the commands of Haislaham guardians. Especially, Miss
Emily is the head guardian in the Hailsham. She is older than the others of
guardian in the Hailsham.
“Miss Emily, our head guardian, was older than the others. She
wasn't especially tall, but something about the way she carried
herself, always very straight with her head right up, made you
think she was.” (NLMG, 2005: 29)
A lot of aspiration from Hailsham students must be approved by Miss
Emily. She is someone who has full responsibility for all available
regulations in Hailsham. It can be seen when Roy J. will complain about
compensation of sale exchange ticket.
“Arguments went on between us for some time, and then one
day Roy J.–who was a year above us, and had had a number of
things taken by Madame–decided to go and see Miss Emily
about it.” (NLMG, 2005: 29)
There are other people who have great power in controlling the system of
Hailsham. She is Madame. Madame is the one comes from outside the
Hailsham. She has the rightful authority to take the best works from
Hailsham students. She included the best works of the Hailsham students in
the gallery.
9
“If for us the Gallery remained in a hazy realm, what was solid
enough fact was Madame's turning up usually twice–sometimes
three or four times–each year to select from our best work.”
(NLMG, 2005: 24)
e. Cultural Aspect
There are several important aspects of United Kingdom culture such as
literature, music, cinema, art, comedy, television, theatre, philosophy,
architecture, and education.In Never Let Me Go novel, Kathy is very
interesting to the music. Music is one of the important aspects in United
Kingdom culture. Kathy has a favorite song, the title is Song After Dark by
Judy Bridgewater.
“But I wanted to talk about my tape, Songs After Dark by Judy
Bridgewater.” (NLMG, 2005: 50)
Fashion is a practice of style, especially in clothing, accessories, makeup,
and everything that is used. Fashion is a habitual or characteristic of a
person in favorite style to wear something. Madame is one of the characters
who wear fancy style. She uses sharp grey suit when she come to Hailsham.
The upper class person represented by Madame.
“She always wore a sharp grey suit, and unlike the gardeners,
unlike the drivers who brought in our supplies–unlike virtually
anyone else who came in from outside.” (NLMG, 2005: 24)
In addition to the upper class person, the lower class is one of the kinds
of style. Usually, the lower class person is gardener, truck driver, bus driver,
van driver, farmer, and the others job in lower class. Keffers is a van driver
in Cottage. He uses dirty van when he come to Cottage, two or three times a
week.
“He was this grumpy old guy who turned up two or three times a
week in his muddy van to look the place over.” (NLMG, 2005:
86)
Football is one of the favorite sports in United Kingdom. In Never Let
Me Go novel, the Hailsham student love the game of football. They usually
play football in the south playing field.
“Then once, towards the end of an afternoon break, a group of
us were sitting on the grass quite close to the South Playing
Field where the boys, as usual, were playing their football.”
(NLMG, 2005: 15)
10
f. Religious Aspect
In Never Let Me Go novel, Kazuo Ishiguro doesn‟t show clearly about
religion aspect in this novel, but several characters say god in the dialogue.
They say that word to describe about the feeling. It can be seen in the
following dialogue.
“They think it's God-given. Until they came here, they knew
nothing of it. All they feel now is disappointment, because we
haven't given them everything possible.” (NLMG, 2005: 200)
The other part of this novel shown about religion aspect. Keffers is a
religious person. Keffers upset when Kathy, Ruth, Tommy, etc. read
pornographic magazines. He is a religious and very dislike not just porn, but
sex in general.
“These magazines, incidentally, used to drive old Keffers mad.
There was a rumour that he was religious and dead against not
just porn, but sex in general.” (NLMG, 2005: 98)
G. Science and Technology
United Kingdom is the leader of biotechnology in Europe. It comprises a
series of strategies and methods for the study and use of the genetic make-
up of organisms and the relevant biological functions (OCED, 1998: 77).
Biotechnology progress is marked by the presence of several technologies
such as genetical manipulation, recombinant DNA, stem cell development,
clone, etc.
In Never Let Me Go novel, Kathy, Ruth, Tommy, and the other students
are human clone. Human clone is one of the example of biotechnology.
Initially, all the students do not know that they are human cloning, but along
the time, they know that they are human clone. In Hailsham, the guardians
prefer to called the human clone as a „existed only to supply medical
science‟.
“Before that, all clones–or students, as we preferred to call you–
existed only to supply medical science.” (NLMG, 2005: 198)
Kathy gets something from Tommy in sale exchange. The cassette of
song After Dark by Judy Bridgewater is a gift from Tommy to Kathy,
bacause Kathy doesn‟t interesting to buy something in sale exchange. She
11
plays the cassette by tape in the bedroom when she still stay in Hailsham.
The tape and cassette are the technology.
“But I wanted to talk about my tape, Songs After Dark by Judy
Bridgewater.” (NLMG, 2005: 50)
4. DISCUSSION
Literature is a presentation to describe about something written and
spoken. Literature is reflection of the social realities in our life. Literature and
sociology are not wholly distinct disciplines but, on the contrary, complement
each other in our understanding of society (Laurenson and Swingewood, 1972:
13).
Sociology is essentially the scientific and objective study about people in
society; it is also study about some social institutions and social processes
(Swingewood and Laurenson, 1972: 11). The main purpose of any viable
sociology has function as an instrument to grasp the meaning of the authors
and to improve understanding of the society based on the phenomena as social
life (Swingewood and Laurenson, 1972: 16). It means literature and sociology
have a close relationship.
The researcher analyze some sociological aspects of the Never Let Me Go
novel. the sociological analysis is divided into social aspect, race and ethnicity,
economic aspect, political aspect, cultural aspect, religion aspect, science and
technology aspect. In Never Let Me Go novel, there is no the most dominant
aspect, each aspect has contribution in the story and each character.
There are several social aspect in the story. The social aspect in this
story is the same as the social aspect in English society. The social aspect
is divided into three classes, such as the upper class, the middle class, and
the lower class. The upper class is also called elite class. The upper class is
statistically very small and involves a group of peerage, gentry, and heredity
landowners. The middle class is the dominant class in this story because the
story tells about teachers and students in Hailsham. Middle class is the class
that relative growth. They can be higher or lower depends on their economic
value (Liveset, 2006: 466-467). School teacher, sales employer and lower
12
middle level supervisior ran among those in this social class. The third social
classes in Never Let Me Go novel is lower class. This class also called the
working class. Lower class isidentified as the lowest class in social structure.
According to Cook (2003: 27) “Ethnic group in England society had some
ethnic group such as White people (British, Irish, Schottish), Mixed (White and
Black Carribean, White and Black African, White and Asian), Black
(Carribean, African, other Black) and other ethnicity. Madame is described as
French or Belgian. French or Belgian people as upper class in social aspect of
English society.
The economic aspect in the Never Let Me Go novel shows the economic
of England in the beginning of the twenty first century. It can be seen by
describe of the economic condition from each character. Kazuo Ishiguro shows
the economic condition of the character he creates. Miss Geraldine, Miss Lucy,
Miss Emily, and Mr. Roger are the guardians in the Hailsham. Guardian same
as teacher in real life. Teacher is one of the economic aspect in the United
Kingdom.
The economic growth can lead to greater national and personal wealth, it
can improve the available resources and opportunities for education. Education
and economic performance is likely to each other linked. In Never Let Me Go
novel, there are several students of Hailsham. The students of Hailsham such as
Kathy, Ruth, and Tommy.
Healthcare in the United Kingdom is one of the economic improvement.
The hospital is a measure of a country‟s economic. In Never Let Me Go novel,
Kazuo Ishiguro makes Kathy worked in the hospital after she dropped out from
Hailsham.
The capital city of United Kingdom is London.The Queen is the head of
the state and the Prime Minister is the head of government. The government
system of United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The government is a
parliamentary democracy in a multiparty system (Burns, 2010: 259). In Never
Let Me Go novel, politic aspect from the government doesn‟t show the act.
13
Kazuo Ishiguro doesn‟t show the act of government political because this story
is a fiction novel or fiction literarure.
In this story, there are enermous control power of the guardians or teachers
from Hailsham. The students of Hailsham saw the control power from the
guardians. They always obedient to the commands of Haislaham guardians.
Especially, Miss Emily is the head guardian in the Hailsham. She is older than
the others of guardian in the Hailsham. A lot of aspiration from Hailsham
students must be approved by Miss Emily. She is someone who has full
responsibility for all available regulations in Hailsham. It can be seen when
Roy J. will complain about compensation of sale exchange ticket.
There are other people who have great power in controlling the system of
Hailsham. She is Madame. Madame is the one comes from outside the
Hailsham. She has the rightful authority to take the best works from Hailsham
students. She included the best works of the Hailsham students in the gallery.
There are several important aspects of United Kingdom culture such as
literature, music, cinema, art, comedy, television, theatre, philosophy,
architecture, and education. The United Kingdom is a multicultural society and
open mind. According to Higgins (2010: 1) “In Britain, the national culture has
changed along with the population and the world at large. Even though they
have a dynamic relationship with this present, their cultural activities are
shaped by their histories and traditions.” In Never Let Me Go novel, Kathy is
very interesting to the music. Music is one of the important aspects in United
Kingdom culture. Kathy has a favorite song, the title is Song After Dark by
Judy Bridgewater.
Fashion is a practice of style, especially in clothing, accessories, makeup,
and everything that is used. Fashion is a habitual or characteristic of a person in
favorite style to wear something. Madame is one of the characters who wear
fancy style. She uses sharp grey suit when she come to Hailsham. The upper
class person represented by Madame.
In addition to the upper class person, the lower class is one of the kinds of
style. Usually, the lower class person is gardener, truck driver, bus driver, van
14
driver, farmer, and the others job in lower class. Keffers is a van driver in
Cottage. He uses dirty van when he come to Cottage, two or three times a
week.
Football is one of the favorite sports in United Kingdom. In Never Let Me
Go novel, the Hailsham student love the game of football. They usually play
football in the south playing field.
The official religion of United Kingdom is Christianity, as practised by the
Church of United Kingdom. Christianity is the majority religion in United
Kingdom society. United Kingdom has multi faith in society. In Never Let Me
Go novel, Kazuo Ishiguro doesn‟t show clearly about religion aspect in this
novel, but several characters say god in the dialogue. They say that word to
describe about the feeling. It can be seen in the following dialogue.
In the other part of this novel shown about religion aspect. Keffers is a
religious person. Keffers upset when Kathy, Ruth, Tommy, etc. read
pornographic magazines. He is a religious and very dislike not just porn, but
sex in general.
United Kingdom is the leader of biotechnology in Europe. It is comprises a
series of strategies and methods for the study and use of the genetic make-up of
organisms and the relevant biological functions (OCED, 1998: 77).
Biotechnology progress is marked by the presence of several technologies such
as genetical manipulation, recombinant DNA, stem cell development, clone,
etc.
In Never Let Me Go novel, Kathy, Ruth, Tommy, and the other students
are human clone. Human clone is one of the example of biotechnology.
Initially, all the students do not know that they are human cloning, but along
the time, they know that they are human clone. In Hailsham, the guardians
prefer to called the human clone as a „existed only to supply medical science‟.
Kathy gets something from Tommy in sale exchange. The cassette of song
After Dark by Judy Bridgewater is a gift from Tommy to Kathy, bacause Kathy
doesn‟t interesting to buy something in sale exchange. She plays the cassette
15
by tape in the bedroom when she still stay in Hailsham. The tape and cassette
are the technology.
Finally, based on all aspects that are reflected in Never Let Me Go novel,
there is a correlation among the story of novel and the underlying theory. The
result from the rumours about Hailsham students and deferrals or tolerance
about donor time is not true because Miss Emily and Madame do not have the
power to determine the deferrals. There is a correlation among this novel and
the social background of English society in the beginning of the twenty first
century. It can be seen from the expositions of several aspects such as social
aspect, race and ethnicity, economic aspect, political aspect, cultural aspect,
religion aspect, science and technology aspect.
5. CONCLUSION
After analyzing Never Let Me Go novel, the researcher draws the
following conclusion. First, based on the structural analysis, Kazuo Ishiguro
delivers the moral message from this novel that everyone must do their best to
someone special before they lose it all. The author displays about love, pain,
and loss in this story. He makes three major character, there are Kathy, Ruth,
and Tommy to make the conflicts. That conflicts can help the readers to get a
moral message from this novel. Kathy, Tommy, and Ruth must donate their
body when they have grown but actully they have to love each other. The
rumour of deferral is not true, they have to keep doing that donation. There are
any triangle love in this novel between Kathy, Ruth, and Tommy but before
they do donate, Ruth has apologized to Kathy and Tommy. The author makes
character and characterization, setting, plot, point of view, theme, and style. It
makes easier the readers to imagine the situation and the feeling of each other.
Second, based on sociological analysis, it is evident that in Never Let Me
Go Novel, Kazuo Ishiguro reflects the social realities of English society at the
beginning of the twenty first century in which people concerns in the issue of
tolerance. Never Let Me Go novel shows the social structure in England is still
16
in three classes, there are upper class, middle class, and lower class. The
economic aspect in the Never Let Me Go novel shows the economic of
England in the beginning of the twenty first century. The capital city of United
Kingdom is London. The Queen is the head of state and the Prime Minister is
the head of government. There are several important aspects of United
Kingdom culture such as literature, music, cinema, art, comedy, television,
theatre, philosophy, architecture, and education.
REFERENCES
Burns, William E. 2010. A Brief History of Great Britain. New York: Facts on
File inc.
Cook, Len. 2003. Ethnic Group Statistic: A Guide for the Collection and
Classification of Ethnicity Data. Norwich: A National Statistic
Publication.
Koukl, Greg. 2013. “The Intolerance of Tolerance.” Accessed on February 27,
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