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Tokyo-NoKoGen 2015 presents
A new system to exterminate termites
using Engineered E. coli and pseudo egg
1
Tokyo University of
Agriculture and Technology
Tokyo-NoKoGen
・ 10 Undergraduate members
・ All members belong to
the department of Biotechnology
and Life Science
2
・Introduction
Outline
・ExTermite coli
・Engineered E. coli
・Pseudo egg
・confirm G3DH function
in the termites’ gut extracts
・Biosafety
・Human practice
・Achievement
Kyoko Uchiumi
Kentaro Hiraka
3
Outline
Shunichi Kobayashi
Kinuko Ueno
Kentaro Hiraka
Outline
・Introduction
・Biosafety
・Human practice
・Achievement
Kinuko Ueno
Kyoko Uchiumi
・ExTermite coli
・Engineered E. coli
・Pseudo egg
・confirm G3DH function
in the termites’ gut extracts
4
Outline
Shunichi Kobayashi
Tumble-down house…
5 5
Introduction
6 6
Introduction
Tumble-down house…
Termite
5 mm http://blog.livedoor.jp/antroom/archives/51515962.html
It was caused by Termites!!
Termites eat woods, papers…
all of the things containing cellulose
7
Introduction
New Extermination System
8
Introduction
・ Easy to use
ExTermite Coli has three features…
Human body
Termite
・ Exterminate termites
・ Harmless to human body
9
Introduction
Our strategy
Our strategy
2. Carry engineered E. coli
by pseudo egg
1. Engineered E. coli
Toxin
3. Carry ExTermite Coli
into termites' bodies
4. Exterminate termites
10
Outline
・Introduction
・Biosafety
・Human practice
・Achievement
Kinuko Ueno
Kyoko Uchiumi
・ExTermite coli
・Engineered E. coli
・Pseudo egg
・Confirm G3DH function
in the termites’ gut extracts
11
Outline
Shunichi Kobayashi
Kentaro Hiraka
Our strategy
1. Engineered E. coli
12
Our strategy
Cellulose Glucose Digestion
Trehalose
Storage
Glucose
Used as
Energy source Trehalase
Engineered E.coli
3,3’ –diketotrehalose
(3,3’-DKT)
Termites
Human
Glycogen Glucose
Energy source Glycogen
phosphorylase Storage
Not inhibited!!
13
Engineered E. coli
Cellulose Glucose Digestion
Trehalose
Storage
Glucose
Used as
Energy source
3,3’ –DKT
Termites
( G3DH )
Glucoside 3-dehydrogenase
Trehalose
14
Engineered E. coli
Trehalase
Engineered E.coli
Inhibit
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Tre
hala
se a
cti
vit
y (×
10
-2 U
/mL
)
Measurement of inhibitory activity toward trehalase
3,3’-DKT concentration (mM)
Trehalase
3,3’-DKT
inhibits trehalase ! 3,3’-diketotrehalose
(3,3’-DKT)
Measure
Inhibitory Activity of
3,3’-DKT
15
Engineered E. coli
0 0.1 1
Pconstitutive(low)
G3DH α OtsA RBS
Pconstitutive(low)
RBS OtsB
Double terminator T0 terminator
γ β RBS
Evaluation of New biobrick coding OtsA, OtsB, G3DH
Trehalose
3,3’-DKT
UDP-Glucose
Glucose-6 phosphate or
Trehalose-6-
phosphate OtsA OtsB G3DH
16
Engineered E. coli
Production of 3,3’-DKT by new biobrick
Evaluation of our biobrick
UDP-Glucose
Glucose-6 phosphate or
Trehalose-6-
phosphate Trehalose
3,3’-dkT
OtsA OtsB G3DH
SDS-PAGE
63
48
35
28
①Ladder
③G3DH-OtsBA
54 kDa (OtsA)
30 kDa (OtsB)
②empty vector
63 kDa (G3DH)
TLC ①glucose
②trehalose
Trehalose was
produced!
③G3DH-OtsBA
④Negative Control
① ② ③ ① ② ③ ④
17
Engineered E. coli
2. Carry engineered E. coli
by pseudo egg
18
Our strategy
Our strategy
・Carry egg and pile them up , and groom it
To distribute engineered E. Coli…
Focused on characteristic of termite
・Groom each other
carry
19
Pseudo egg
Termites recognize
eggs by….
10% (w/v) CaCl2
φ:0.5 mm
E. coli in LB media
&
2% (w/v) Sodium Alginate
Pheromone
( β-glucosidase
and (or)
Lysozyme )
Pseudo Egg
Pheromone β-glucosidase, lysozyme
Size 0.5 mm
0.5 cm
20
Pseudo egg
Pseudo Egg
Count the number of pseudo eggs
transported by termites
0.5 cm
Pseudo egg Formosan subterranean termite
(Coptotermes formosanus)
21
Pseudo egg
Provided by ASANTE Inc.
: Pest extermination company
Pseudo egg
0
20
40
60
80
100
Th
e p
erc
en
tag
e o
f th
e n
um
ber
of
mo
ve
d p
se
ud
o e
gg
Count the number of
moved pseudo egg
Pseudo eggs were
recognized and carried
22
Pseudo egg
Pseudo Egg
Our strategy
1.
2.
3.
4.
The application of the in vivo
experiments using recombinant E. coli is
pending.
3. Carry ExTermite Coli
into termites' bodies
23
Our strategy
Outline
Shunichi Kobayashi
・Introduction
・ExTermite coli
・Engineered E. coli
・Pseudo egg
・confirm G3DH function
in the termites’ gut extracts
・Biosafety ・Human practice
・Achievement
Kinuko Ueno
Kyoko Uchiumi
Kentaro Hiraka
24
Outline
1.
2.
3.
4.
4. Exterminate termites
25
Our strategy
Our strategy
about G3DH…
26
G3DH function in termites’ gut
G3DH
FAD
Ox
Red
substrate
(Ox)
substrate
(red)
re-oxidized
G3DH … Glucoside 3-dehydrogenase
G3DH in aerobic condition
O2
H2O
Respiratory chain
e-
Inner membrane
Outer membrane
e-
Periplasmic space
3,3’-diketotrehalose
Trehalose
G3DH
FAD
Reduced
Oxidized
Cytoplasm
Engineered E.coli
e-
G3DH in anaerobic condition
O2
Anaerobic
Termites’ gut
Less O2
Respiratory chain Inner membrane
Outer membrane
Oxidized
Periplasmic space
Trehalose
G3DH
FAD
Reduced
3,3’-
diketotrehalose
Cytoplasm
e-
G3DH in aerobic condition
O2
Electron acceptor
Oxidized
Reduced
Anaerobic
In termites’ gut
Less O2
Respiratory chain Inner membrane
Outer membrane
Trehalose
G3DH
FAD
Reduced
Oxidized
3,3’-diketotrehalose
Periplasmic space
Cytoplasm
e-
WE CE RE G3DH
FAD
Ox
Red
Evaluation of G3DH function in termites’ gut extracts
Get gut extracts from termites
gut extracts
oxidized
reduced
e-
Detect response current using electrodes
Termites
Crush!!
3,3’-DKT
Trehalose
Electrodes
33
G3DH function in termites’ gut
0
0.3
0.6
0.9
1.2
Curr
ent
(μA
)
G3DH + Trehalose
+ - Termites’
gut extracts
Evaluation of G3DH using termites’ gut extracts with electrodes
FAD
Ox
Red
trehalose
3,3’-dkT
Intestinal guts
oxidized
reduced
e-
G3DH can work
in termites’ gut extracts
difference of current!!
Scheme of electron transfer
G3DH function in termites’ gut
Discussion about electron acceptor
Lignin
degradation
Quinones Electron
acceptor?
35
G3DH function in termites’ gut
G3DH
FAD
Ox
Red
Confirmation of G3DH function in termites’ gut solution
oxidized
reduced
e-
Detect the response current using electrodes
WE CE RE
Crush!!
3,3’-DKT
Trehalose
Electrodes
Quinones…? Our Extermite coli can
work in termites’ gut !!
36
G3DH function in termites’ gut
For summary…
37
For summary
For summary…
G3DH,OtsA, OtsB
were expressed
from our NEW biobrick!
Inhibitory activity
was confirmed!
1. Engineered E. coli
38
For summary
For summary…
Making pseudo eggs
Pseudo eggs were
recognized and carried by termites
2. Carry engineered E. coli
by pseudo egg
39
For summary
For summary…
G3DH functioned
in termites’ gut extracts!
3. Carry ExTermite Coli
into termites' bodies
4. Exterminate termites
Pending
40
For summary
Future work…
41
Future work
For practical use,
ingest Engineered E. coli into termites.
・Introduction
・Biosafety
・Human practice
・Achievement
Kinuko Ueno
Kyoko Uchiumi
Kentaro Hiraka
Shunichi Kobayashi
・ExTermite coli
・Engineered E. coli
・Pseudo egg
・confirm G3DH function
in the termites’ gut extracts
42
Outline
Outline
X X
X X
Destruction of the ecosystem !
Most of insects have the same metabolic pathway
43
Biosafety
Think about biosafety…
44
Biosafety
Prevent the Destruction of the ecosystem
Focus on habit of termites
Dark place Outside = Exposed to light
Spread to…
Using light inducible system
How to prevent the destruction of ecosystem ?
Biosafety
PCB
HK
CcaS
CcaR
CcaS/CcaR two component regulation system
target gene
PcpcG2
Colicin E1
・Forming a pore in
cytoplasmic membrane ・Depolarizing the membrane
RBS T0
Activate!
Bind!
Transcription !
PCB
HK
CcaR
PCB Haem
PCB production system
BV
colicin E1
Light inducible cell killing system
46
Dark condition Light irradiated condition
DH5α / introduced the light inducible cell killing system
Grew up well Not grew up
too much
Confirm the function !!
Biosafety
Function evaluation
Devised and designed
the light inducible cell killing
system for biosafety !
Constructed New Biobrick !
Evaluate the function !
PcpcG2
colicin E1
RBS T0
47
Biosafety
Light induced cell killing system
・Introduction
・Biosafety
・Human practice
・Achievement
Kinuko Ueno
Kyoko Uchiumi
Kentaro Hiraka
・ExTermite coli
・Engineered E. coli
・Pseudo egg
・confirm G3DH function
in the termites’ gut extracts
48
Outline
Outline
Shunichi Kobayashi
Human practice
“The May Festival” school festival in the University of Tokyo
High school in Tokyo
( Joshi-Gakuin, private girls school )
Survey with UI-Indonesia
・Short lecture
・Questionnaire
・Questionnaire
・Presentation
・Discussion
・Questionnaire
http://www.joshigakuin.ed.jp/schoollife/facilities.html
49
Human practice
Question. What impressions of E. coli do you have?
After our
presentation
In Japan
50
Human practice
Good image
- Available
- Safe
- Interesting
…etc
Bad image
- Dirty
- Dangerous
- Not interesting
…etc
Human practice
Question. What impressions of E. coli do you have?
After our
presentation
In Japan
51
Human practice
Good impression
Bad impression
Good image
- Available
- Safe
- Interesting
…etc
Bad image
- Dirty
- Dangerous
- Not interesting
…etc
The impression of E. coli
was improved !!
Bad impression
Good
impression
Human practice
Question. What images of E. coli do you have?
After our
presentation
In Indonesia
52
Bad impression
Good impression
Good image
- Available
- Safe
- Interesting
…etc
Bad image
- Dirty
- Dangerous
- Not interesting
…etc
The impression of E. coli
was not changed…
Human practice
Human practice
little opportunity for Japanese people to know about synthetic biology
We have to broaden the knowledge of synthetic biology
53
Human practice
After our
presentation
In Japan
Human practice
Question. How do you want to use E. coli in your lifestyle?
In Indonesia In Japan
extermination
of harmful insects
Extermination system
using E. coli is needed!!
54
Human practice
Human practice
■Extermination of
harmful insects
Removal of the fungi at your
bathroom
Small bioenergy as battery
Perc
en
tag
e o
f re
sp
on
de
nt
22%
18% 17%
Question. How do you want to use E. coli in your lifestyle?
Answers from high school
55
Human practice
Human practice
Collaboration
Tokyo-NoKoGen 2015 collaborated with….
Participate in May Festival with… ・UT- Tokyo ・Nagahama ・Tokyo_Tech ・KAIT_Japan
Exchange and translate questionnaire ・UI-Indonesia team
http://2015.igem.org/Team:Tokyo-NoKoGen/Practices
56
Collaboration
☑ Collaborate with other teams
☑ Evaluate the function of previous Biobrick
・Characterize G3DH (BBa_K1339005)
・UT- Tokyo ・Nagahama ・Tokyo_Tech ・KAIT_Japan ・UI-indonesia
☑ Expand Human Practices activity
57
Achievement
Attribution
Tokyo-NoKoGen 2015
10 students, 4 advisors, and 2 instructors
Team members
:All of the works were done
only by team members
Our advisors!!
: Teach us experiments
: Give us some advice
: Support our project
Instructors
: Support our project
: Supervise our activities
58
http://2015.igem.org/Team:Tokyo-NoKoGen/ACK
Attribution
Instructors
Advisors
Special thanks
Dr. Koji Sode, Dr. Kazunori Ikebukuro
Jinhee Lee, Maui Nishio, Madoka Nagata
Acknowledgement
59
Dr. Stefano Ferri (Shizuoka University)
Dr. Wakako Tsugawa
Mr. Shinya Sasaki (ASANTE)
UI-Indonesia, UT-Tokyo, Nagahama
Acknowledgement
Thank you for your attention!
60
Presented by
Tokyo-NoKoGen 2015
5 seconds
Introduction
ExTermite Coli is targeting…
Formosan subterranean termite
Japanese damp-wood
termite
Japanese subterranean termite
We use these termites
in our experiments !!
63
Production of G3DH
Trehalose
3,3’ –dkt
G3DH
Engineered E. coli
Activity assay of G3DH
G3DH-OtsBA Empty vector
Substrate:trehalose
64
Production of G3DH
Engineered E. coli
Activity assay of G3DH
65
Halomonas sp. α-15
gram-negative, rod-shaped marine bacterium isolated from seawater
Glucose 3-dehydrogenase
(G3DH)
monomeric enzyme with 63 kDa
oxidizes 3rd hydroxy group of pyranose
broad substrate specificity
M9Sα plate medium
12 h cultivate
Purification of G3DH from Halomonas sp. α-15
100 mL YM9Sα medium
12 h cultivate 30℃, 120 rpm
Halomonas sp. α-15
3.0 mL M9Sα medium
2L YM9S lac0.8 % medium
30 h cultivate 30℃, 600 rpm
Culture solution
Harvest and Wash (0.85 % NaCl)
5000 g, 4℃, 10 min
20 mM Potassium phosphate buffer (P.P.B) pH 7.0
Wet cells
French press
10,000 g, 20 min, 4 ℃
Supernatant
106,000 g, 60 min, 4 ℃
Soluble fraction
Anion exchange chromatography
Dialyze
Hydrophobic interaction chromatography
Dialyze
Purified fraction reaction with
trehalose 3,3’-diketotrehalose
concentration
Anion exchange chromatography
3 4 5 6 7 8
Confirmation of activity
Hydrophobic interaction chromatography
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Confirmation of activity
substrate
glucose 10 mM PMS/DCIP
α-methyl-D-glycoside 100 mM
PMS/DCIP U/mg U/mg
fraction no.
1,2 9.7 7.3 3,4 12 9 5,6 11 9.6
7,8,9 6.9 5.7
66 kDa
Cr F 3 4 5 6 7 Co F 1,2 3,4 5,6 7,8,9 16 17
Cr: crude fraction F: flowthrough Co: concentration 3-7
74
Evaluation of function
Supplement
ccaR
PcpcG2
Colicin E1
RBS
T0
ccaS
AmpR
ori
pSB1A3-CcaSR-
PcpcG2-ColicinE1
pcyA
ho1
Pconst
CmR
ori
pSB4C5-PCB
Light inducible cell killing system PCB production system
E. coli Transformed using above two plasmids