TOGAF® Version 9.1 - van Haren Publishing

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TOGAF® Version 9.1

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TOGAF® Version 9.1


Title: TOGAF® Version 9.1

A Publication of: The Open Group

Publisher: Van Haren Publishing, Zaltbommel, www.vanharen.net

ISBN: 978 90 8753 679 4

Edition: First edition, fi rst impression, December 2011

Design and Layout: The Open Group

Copyright: © The Open Group 2005-2011 All rights reserved

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted,in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise,without the prior permission of the copyright owner.

Document Number: G116

Comments relating to the material contained in this document may be submitted to:

The Open GroupApex PlazaForbury RoadReadingBerkshire, RG1 1AXUnited Kingdom

or by electronic mail to: [email protected]

For any further enquiries about Van Haren Publishing, please send an email to: [email protected].


Contents

Part I Introduction ............................................................................... 1

Chapter 1 Introduction ................................................................................. 31.1 Structure of the TOGAF Document ................................................ 31.2 Executive Overview ........................................................................ 5

Chapter 2 Core Concepts ............................................................................ 92.1 What is TOGAF? ............................................................................ 92.2 What is Architecture in the Context of TOGAF? ............................. 92.3 What Kind of Architecture Does TOGAF Deal With?...................... 102.4 Architecture Development Method ................................................. 102.5 Deliverables, Artifacts, and Building Blocks .................................... 112.6 Enterpr ise Continuum ..................................................................... 132.7 Architecture Repositor y .................................................................. 142.8 Establishing and Maintaining an Enterpr ise

Architecture Capability.................................................................... 162.9 Establishing the Architecture Capability as an

Operational Entity ........................................................................... 172.10 Using TOGAF with Other Frameworks ........................................... 18

Chapter 3 Definitions .................................................................................... 19

Chapter 4 Release Notes ............................................................................. 334.1 What’s New in TOGAF 9?............................................................... 334.1.1 Changes Applied in this Edition................................................... 354.2 The Benefits of TOGAF 9 ............................................................... 374.3 Mapping of the TOGAF 8.1.1 Structure to TOGAF 9...................... 374.4 Mapping of TOGAF 9 Structure to TOGAF 8.1.1............................ 394.5 Using TOGAF ................................................................................. 404.5.1 Conditions of Use ........................................................................ 404.5.2 How Much Does TOGAF Cost?................................................... 404.5.3 Downloads ................................................................................... 414.6 Why Join The Open Group?........................................................... 41

Part II Arc hitecture Development Method (ADM)................ 43

Chapter 5 Introduction ................................................................................. 455.1 ADM Over view................................................................................ 45

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5.1.1 The ADM, Enterpr ise Continuum, and ArchitectureRepositor y ................................................................................... 45

5.1.2 The ADM and the Foundation Architecture ................................. 465.1.3 ADM and Supporting Guidelines and Techniques ....................... 465.2 Architecture Development Cycle .................................................... 475.2.1 Key Points .................................................................................... 475.2.2 Basic Str ucture ............................................................................ 475.3 Adapting the ADM .......................................................................... 505.4 Architecture Governance ................................................................ 515.5 Scoping the Architecture ................................................................ 525.5.1 Breadth ........................................................................................ 535.5.2 Depth ........................................................................................... 535.5.3 Time Period ................................................................................. 545.5.4 Architecture Domains .................................................................. 555.6 Architecture Integration .................................................................. 555.7 Summary ........................................................................................ 56

Chapter 6 Preliminar y Phase ..................................................................... 576.1 Objectives ....................................................................................... 586.2 Approach ........................................................................................ 586.2.1 Enterpr ise .................................................................................... 596.2.2 Organizational Context ................................................................ 596.2.3 Requirements for Architecture Wor k............................................ 606.2.4 Principles ..................................................................................... 606.2.5 Management Fr ameworks ........................................................... 616.2.6 Relating the Management Frameworks....................................... 626.2.7 Planning for Enter prise Architecture/Business

Change Maturity Evaluation ........................................................ 636.3 Inputs.............................................................................................. 646.3.1 Reference Materials External to the Enterpr ise........................... 646.3.2 Non-Architectural Inputs .............................................................. 646.3.3 Architectural Inputs...................................................................... 646.4 Steps .............................................................................................. 656.4.1 Scope the Enterpr ise Organizations Impacted............................ 656.4.2 Confirm Gover nance and Support Frameworks .......................... 666.4.3 Define and Establish Enterpr ise Architecture Team

and Organization ......................................................................... 666.4.4 Identify and Establish Architecture Principles .............................. 676.4.5 Tailor TOGAF and, if any, Other Selected

Architecture Framework(s) .......................................................... 676.4.6 Implement Architecture Tools ...................................................... 676.5 Outputs ........................................................................................... 68

Chapter 7 Phase A: Architecture Vision ............................................... 697.1 Objectives ....................................................................................... 707.2 Approach ........................................................................................ 707.2.1 General ........................................................................................ 707.2.2 Creating the Architecture Vision .................................................. 717.2.3 Business Scenar ios ..................................................................... 717.3 Inputs.............................................................................................. 727.3.1 Reference Materials External to the Enterpr ise........................... 727.3.2 Non-Architectural Inputs .............................................................. 72

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7.3.3 Architectural Inputs...................................................................... 727.4 Steps .............................................................................................. 737.4.1 Establish the Architecture Project................................................ 737.4.2 Identify Stakeholders, Concer ns, and Business

Requirements .............................................................................. 737.4.3 Confirm and Elaborate Business Goals, Business

Dr ivers, and Constraints .............................................................. 747.4.4 Evaluate Business Capabilities ................................................... 747.4.5 Assess Readiness for Business Transfor mation.......................... 757.4.6 Define Scope ............................................................................... 757.4.7 Confirm and Elaborate Architecture Principles,

including Business Principles ...................................................... 757.4.8 Develop Architecture Vision......................................................... 767.4.9 Define the Target Architecture Value Propositions

and KPIs ...................................................................................... 767.4.10 Identify the Business Transfor mation Risks and

Mitigation Activities ...................................................................... 767.4.11 Develop Statement of Architecture Wor k; Secure

Approval....................................................................................... 777.5 Outputs ........................................................................................... 77

Chapter 8 Phase B: Business Architecture ......................................... 798.1 Objectives ....................................................................................... 808.2 Approach ........................................................................................ 808.2.1 General ........................................................................................ 808.2.2 Developing the Baseline Description ........................................... 818.2.3 Business Modeling ...................................................................... 818.2.4 Architecture Repositor y ............................................................... 838.3 Inputs.............................................................................................. 848.3.1 Reference Materials External to the Enterpr ise........................... 848.3.2 Non-Architectural Inputs .............................................................. 848.3.3 Architectural Inputs...................................................................... 848.4 Steps .............................................................................................. 858.4.1 Select Reference Models, Viewpoints, and Tools ........................ 868.4.2 Develop Baseline Business Architecture

Descr iption................................................................................... 898.4.3 Develop Target Business Architecture Description ...................... 898.4.4 Perfor m Gap Analysis.................................................................. 898.4.5 Define Candidate Roadmap Components................................... 908.4.6 Resolve Impacts Across the Architecture Landscape ................. 908.4.7 Conduct Formal Stakeholder Review .......................................... 908.4.8 Finalize the Business Architecture .............................................. 908.4.9 Create Architecture Definition Document .................................... 918.5 Outputs ........................................................................................... 91

Chapter 9 Phase C: Information Systems Architectures ............... 939.1 Objectives ....................................................................................... 949.2 Approach ........................................................................................ 949.3 Inputs.............................................................................................. 949.3.1 Reference Materials External to the Enterpr ise........................... 949.3.2 Non-Architectural Inputs .............................................................. 949.3.3 Architectural Inputs...................................................................... 95

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9.4 Steps .............................................................................................. 969.5 Outputs ........................................................................................... 96

Chapter 10 Phase C: Information Systems Architectures —Data Architecture....................................................................... 97

10.1 Objectives ....................................................................................... 9710.2 Approach ........................................................................................ 9710.2.1 Key Considerations for Data Architecture.................................... 9710.2.2 Architecture Repositor y ............................................................... 9810.3 Inputs.............................................................................................. 9910.3.1 Reference Materials External to the Enterpr ise........................... 9910.3.2 Non-Architectural Inputs .............................................................. 9910.3.3 Architectural Inputs...................................................................... 9910.4 Steps .............................................................................................. 10010.4.1 Select Reference Models, Viewpoints, and Tools ........................ 10110.4.2 Develop Baseline Data Architecture Description ......................... 10310.4.3 Develop Target Data Architecture Description ............................. 10410.4.4 Perfor m Gap Analysis.................................................................. 10410.4.5 Define Candidate Roadmap Components................................... 10410.4.6 Resolve Impacts Across the Architecture Landscape ................. 10410.4.7 Conduct Formal Stakeholder Review .......................................... 10510.4.8 Finalize the Data Architecture ..................................................... 10510.4.9 Create Architecture Definition Document .................................... 10510.5 Outputs ........................................................................................... 106

Chapter 11 Phase C: Information Systems Architectures —Application Architecture......................................................... 109

11.1 Objectives ....................................................................................... 10911.2 Approach ........................................................................................ 10911.2.1 Architecture Repositor y ............................................................... 10911.3 Inputs.............................................................................................. 11011.3.1 Reference Materials External to the Enterpr ise........................... 11011.3.2 Non-Architectural Inputs .............................................................. 11011.3.3 Architectural Inputs...................................................................... 11011.4 Steps .............................................................................................. 11111.4.1 Select Reference Models, Viewpoints, and Tools ........................ 11211.4.2 Develop Baseline Application Architecture

Descr iption................................................................................... 11511.4.3 Develop Target Application Architecture

Descr iption................................................................................... 11511.4.4 Perfor m Gap Analysis.................................................................. 11511.4.5 Define Candidate Roadmap Components................................... 11611.4.6 Resolve Impacts Across the Architecture Landscape ................. 11611.4.7 Conduct Formal Stakeholder Review .......................................... 11611.4.8 Finalize the Application Architecture ........................................... 11611.4.9 Create Architecture Definition Document .................................... 11711.5 Outputs ........................................................................................... 117

Chapter 12 Phase D: Technology Architecture .................................... 11912.1 Objectives ....................................................................................... 12012.2 Approach ........................................................................................ 12012.2.1 Architecture Repositor y ............................................................... 120

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12.3 Inputs.............................................................................................. 12012.3.1 Reference Materials External to the Enterpr ise........................... 12012.3.2 Non-Architectural Inputs .............................................................. 12112.3.3 Architectural Inputs...................................................................... 12112.4 Steps .............................................................................................. 12212.4.1 Select Reference Models, Viewpoints, and Tools ........................ 12312.4.2 Develop Baseline Technology Architecture

Descr iption................................................................................... 12612.4.3 Develop Target Technology Architecture

Descr iption................................................................................... 12712.4.4 Perfor m Gap Analysis.................................................................. 12712.4.5 Define Candidate Roadmap Components................................... 12712.4.6 Resolve Impacts Across the Architecture Landscape ................. 12712.4.7 Conduct Formal Stakeholder Review .......................................... 12812.4.8 Finalize the Technology Architecture........................................... 12812.4.9 Create Architecture Definition Document .................................... 12812.5 Outputs ........................................................................................... 12912.6 Postscr ipt ........................................................................................ 130

Chapter 13 Phase E: Opportunities & Solutions.................................. 13113.1 Objectives ....................................................................................... 13213.2 Approach ........................................................................................ 13213.3 Inputs.............................................................................................. 13313.3.1 Reference Materials External to the Enterpr ise........................... 13313.3.2 Non-Architectural Inputs .............................................................. 13313.3.3 Architectural Inputs...................................................................... 13313.4 Steps .............................................................................................. 13413.4.1 Determine/Confir m Ke y Cor porate Change Attributes ................ 13513.4.2 Determine Business Constraints for Implementation .................. 13513.4.3 Review and Consolidate Gap Analysis Results from

Phases B to D.............................................................................. 13513.4.4 Review Consolidated Requirements Across Related

Business Functions ..................................................................... 13613.4.5 Consolidate and Reconcile Interoperability

Requirements .............................................................................. 13613.4.6 Refine and Validate Dependencies ............................................. 13613.4.7 Confirm Readiness and Risk for Business

Tr ansfor mation............................................................................. 13713.4.8 For mulate Implementation and Migration Strategy ...................... 13713.4.9 Identify and Group Major Wor k Packages ................................... 13713.4.10 Identify Tr ansition Architectures................................................... 13813.4.11 Create the Architecture Roadmap & Implementation

and Migration Plan....................................................................... 13813.5 Outputs ........................................................................................... 139

Chapter 14 Phase F: Migration Planning................................................. 14114.1 Objectives ....................................................................................... 14214.2 Approach ........................................................................................ 14214.3 Inputs.............................................................................................. 14214.3.1 Reference Materials External to the Enterpr ise........................... 14214.3.2 Non-Architectural Inputs .............................................................. 14214.3.3 Architectural Inputs...................................................................... 143

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14.4 Steps .............................................................................................. 14414.4.1 Confirm Management Framework Interactions for the

Implementation and Migration Plan ............................................. 14514.4.2 Assign a Business Value to Each Wor k Package ........................ 14514.4.3 Estimate Resource Requirements, Project Timings,

and Availability/Deliver y Vehicle .................................................. 14614.4.4 Prior itize the Migration Projects through the

Conduct of a Cost/Benefit Assessment and RiskValidation ..................................................................................... 146

14.4.5 Confirm Architecture Roadmap and UpdateArchitecture Definition Document ................................................ 147

14.4.6 Generate the Implementation and Migration Plan ....................... 14714.4.7 Complete the Architecture Development Cycle and

Document Lessons Learned ....................................................... 14714.5 Outputs ........................................................................................... 148

Chapter 15 Phase G: Implementation Governance............................. 14915.1 Objectives ....................................................................................... 15015.2 Approach ........................................................................................ 15015.3 Inputs.............................................................................................. 15115.3.1 Reference Materials External to the Enterpr ise........................... 15115.3.2 Non-Architectural Inputs .............................................................. 15115.3.3 Architectural Inputs...................................................................... 15115.4 Steps .............................................................................................. 15215.4.1 Confirm Scope and Prior ities for Deployment with

Development Management.......................................................... 15215.4.2 Identify Deployment Resources and Skills .................................. 15315.4.3 Guide Development of Solutions Deployment ............................. 15315.4.4 Perfor m Enter prise Architecture Compliance

Reviews ....................................................................................... 15415.4.5 Implement Business and IT Operations ...................................... 15415.4.6 Perfor m Post-Implementation Review and Close the

Implementation ............................................................................ 15415.5 Outputs ........................................................................................... 154

Chapter 16 Phase H: Architecture Change Management ................. 15716.1 Objectives ....................................................................................... 15816.2 Approach ........................................................................................ 15816.2.1 Drivers for Change....................................................................... 15916.2.2 Enterpr ise Architecture Change Management Process .............. 16016.2.3 Guidelines for Maintenance versus Architecture

Redesign ..................................................................................... 16116.3 Inputs.............................................................................................. 16216.3.1 Reference Materials External to the Enterpr ise........................... 16216.3.2 Non-Architectural Inputs .............................................................. 16216.3.3 Architectural Inputs...................................................................... 16216.4 Steps .............................................................................................. 16316.4.1 Establish Value Realization Process ........................................... 16416.4.2 Deploy Monitor ing Tools .............................................................. 16416.4.3 Manage Risks .............................................................................. 16416.4.4 Provide Analysis for Architecture Change

Management ................................................................................ 164

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16.4.5 Develop Change Requirements to Meet Perfor manceTargets ......................................................................................... 164

16.4.6 Manage Governance Process ..................................................... 16516.4.7 Activate the Process to Implement Change ................................ 16516.5 Outputs ........................................................................................... 165

Chapter 17 ADM Architecture Requirements Management............. 16717.1 Objectives ....................................................................................... 16817.2 Approach ........................................................................................ 16817.2.1 General ........................................................................................ 16817.2.2 Requirements Development ........................................................ 16817.2.3 Resources ................................................................................... 16917.3 Inputs.............................................................................................. 17017.4 Steps .............................................................................................. 17017.5 Outputs ........................................................................................... 173

Part III ADM Guidelines and Techniques .................................. 175

Chapter 18 Introduction ................................................................................. 17718.1 Guidelines for Adapting the ADM Process ..................................... 17718.2 Techniques for Architecture Development ...................................... 17718.3 Using TOGAF with Different Architectural Styles ........................... 178

Chapter 19 Applying Iteration to the ADM .............................................. 18119.1 Over view......................................................................................... 18119.2 Iteration Cycles............................................................................... 18219.3 Classes of Architecture Engagement ............................................. 18319.4 Approaches to Architecture Development ...................................... 18719.5 Iteration Considerations .................................................................. 18819.5.1 Iteration between ADM Cycles .................................................... 18819.5.2 Iteration within an ADM Cycle ..................................................... 19019.6 Conclusions .................................................................................... 193

Chapter 20 Applying the ADM across the ArchitectureLandscape .................................................................................... 195

20.1 Over view......................................................................................... 19520.2 Architecture Landscape .................................................................. 19520.3 Organizing the Architecture Landscape to Understand

the State of the Enterpr ise.............................................................. 19720.4 Developing Architectures at Different Levels .................................. 197

Chapter 21 Security Architecture and the ADM ................................... 19921.1 Over view......................................................................................... 19921.2 Introduction..................................................................................... 19921.3 Guidance on Security for the Architecture Domains....................... 20021.4 ADM Architecture Requirements Management .............................. 20121.5 Preliminary Phase .......................................................................... 20221.5.1 Security Inputs............................................................................. 20321.5.2 Security Outputs .......................................................................... 20321.6 Phase A: Architecture Vision .......................................................... 20321.6.1 Security Inputs............................................................................. 205

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21.6.2 Security Outputs .......................................................................... 20521.7 Phase B: Business Architecture ..................................................... 20521.7.1 Security Inputs............................................................................. 20721.7.2 Security Outputs .......................................................................... 20721.8 Phase C: Infor mation Systems Architectures ................................. 20821.8.1 Security Inputs............................................................................. 21021.8.2 Security Outputs .......................................................................... 21021.9 Phase D: Technology Architecture ................................................. 21121.9.1 Security Inputs............................................................................. 21221.9.2 Security Outputs .......................................................................... 21221.10 Phase E: Opportunities & Solutions ............................................... 21321.11 Phase F: Migration Planning .......................................................... 21321.12 Phase G: Implementation Governance .......................................... 21421.13 Phase H: Architecture Change Management ................................. 21521.14 References ..................................................................................... 215

Chapter 22 Using TOGAF to Define & Govern SOAs ......................... 21722.1 Over view......................................................................................... 21722.2 Introduction..................................................................................... 21722.3 SOA Definition ................................................................................ 21822.4 SOA Features ................................................................................. 21822.5 Enterpr ise Architecture and SOA ................................................... 21922.6 SOA and Levels .............................................................................. 22022.6.1 Level of Detail of Implementation Specification ........................... 22022.6.2 SOA Activities at Different Levels ................................................ 22022.7 Using TOGAF for SOA.................................................................... 22122.7.1 Preliminary Phase ....................................................................... 22222.7.2 Phase A: Architecture Vision ....................................................... 22522.7.3 Architecture Development: Phases B, C, and D .......................... 22522.8 Summary ........................................................................................ 234

Chapter 23 Architecture Principles ........................................................... 23523.1 Introduction..................................................................................... 23523.2 Character istics of Architecture Principles ....................................... 23623.3 Components of Architecture Principles .......................................... 23623.4 Developing Architecture Principles ................................................. 23723.4.1 Qualities of Principles .................................................................. 23723.5 Applying Architecture Principles ..................................................... 23823.6 Example Set of Architecture Principles .......................................... 23923.6.1 Business Pr inciples ..................................................................... 23923.6.2 Data Pr inciples ............................................................................ 24323.6.3 Application Pr inciples .................................................................. 24723.6.4 Technology Principles .................................................................. 248

Chapter 24 Stakeholder Management ...................................................... 25124.1 Introduction..................................................................................... 25124.2 Approach to Stakeholder Management .......................................... 25224.3 Steps in the Stakeholder Management Process ............................ 25224.3.1 Identify Stakeholders ................................................................... 25224.3.2 Classify Stakeholder Positions .................................................... 25424.3.3 Determine Stakeholder Management Approach ......................... 25524.3.4 Tailor Engagement Deliverables .................................................. 256

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24.4 Template Stakeholder Map............................................................. 256

Chapter 25 Architecture Patterns ............................................................... 26325.1 Introduction..................................................................................... 26325.1.1 Background ................................................................................. 26325.1.2 Content of a Patter n .................................................................... 26425.1.3 Ter minology ................................................................................. 26525.1.4 Architecture Patter ns in Use........................................................ 26625.2 US Treasur y Architecture Development Guidance (TADG) ............ 26725.2.1 TADG Patter n Content ................................................................. 26725.2.2 TADG Architecture Patter ns ........................................................ 26825.3 IBM Patter ns for e-Business ........................................................... 26825.4 Some Patter n Resources ............................................................... 270

Chapter 26 Business Scenarios and Business Goals ....................... 27126.1 Introduction..................................................................................... 27126.2 Benefits of Business Scenarios ...................................................... 27226.3 Creating the Business Scenario ..................................................... 27226.3.1 Overall Process ........................................................................... 27226.3.2 Gathering ..................................................................................... 27426.3.3 Analyzing ..................................................................................... 27526.3.4 Reviewing .................................................................................... 27526.4 Contents of a Business Scenario ................................................... 27626.5 Contributions to the Business Scenario .......................................... 27726.6 Business Scenar ios and the TOGAF ADM..................................... 27826.7 Developing Business Scenarios ..................................................... 28026.7.1 General Guidelines...................................................................... 28026.7.2 Questions to Ask for Each Area .................................................. 28026.8 Business Scenar io Documentation ................................................. 28226.8.1 Textual Documentation ................................................................ 28226.8.2 Business Scenar io Models .......................................................... 28326.9 Guidelines on Goals and Objectives .............................................. 28326.9.1 Importance of Goals .................................................................... 28326.9.2 Importance of SMART Objectives ............................................... 28326.9.3 Categories of Goals and Objectives ............................................ 28526.10 Summary ........................................................................................ 288

Chapter 27 Gap Analysis ............................................................................... 28927.1 Introduction..................................................................................... 28927.2 Suggested Steps ............................................................................ 29027.3 Example.......................................................................................... 290

Chapter 28 Migration Planning Techniques ........................................... 29328.1 Implementation Factor Assessment & Deduction Matrix ................ 29328.2 Consolidated Gaps, Solutions, & Dependencies Matrix ................. 29428.3 Architecture Definition Increments Table ........................................ 29428.4 Transition Architecture State Evolution Table ................................. 29528.5 Business Value Assessment Technique ......................................... 296

Chapter 29 Interoperability Requirements ............................................. 29729.1 Over view......................................................................................... 29729.2 Defining Interoperability .................................................................. 298

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29.3 Enterpr ise Operating Model ........................................................... 29929.4 Refining Interoperability .................................................................. 30029.5 Determining Interoperability Requirements .................................... 30129.6 Reconciling Interoperability Requirements with

Potential Solutions .......................................................................... 30229.7 Summary ........................................................................................ 303

Chapter 30 Business Transformation Readiness Assessment...... 30530.1 Introduction..................................................................................... 30530.1.1 Business Tr ansfor mation Enablement Program (BTEP) .............. 30630.2 Determine Readiness Factors ........................................................ 30630.3 Present Readiness Factors ............................................................ 30830.4 Assess Readiness Factors ............................................................. 30930.4.1 Readiness Factor Vision.............................................................. 30930.4.2 Readiness Factor Rating ............................................................. 31030.4.3 Readiness Factor Risks & Actions............................................... 31130.5 Readiness and Migration Planning................................................. 31130.6 Marketing the Implementation Plan ................................................ 31130.7 Conclusion...................................................................................... 312

Chapter 31 Risk Management ...................................................................... 31331.1 Introduction..................................................................................... 31331.2 Risk Classification .......................................................................... 31431.3 Risk Identification ........................................................................... 31431.4 Initial Risk Assessment................................................................... 31531.5 Risk Mitigation and Residual Risk Assessment.............................. 31631.6 Conduct Residual Risk Assessment............................................... 31631.7 Risk Monitor ing and Governance (Phase G).................................. 31731.8 Summary ........................................................................................ 317

Chapter 32 Capability-Based Planning .................................................... 31932.1 Over view......................................................................................... 31932.2 Capability-Based Planning Paradigm ............................................. 32032.3 Concept of Capability-Based Planning ........................................... 32032.3.1 Capability Dimensions ................................................................. 32132.3.2 Capability Increments .................................................................. 32232.4 Capabilities in an Enterpr ise Architecture Context ......................... 32332.5 Summary ........................................................................................ 324

Part IV Arc hitecture Content Framework .................................. 325

Chapter 33 Introduction ................................................................................. 32733.1 Over view......................................................................................... 32733.2 Content Metamodel ........................................................................ 32933.3 Content Fr amework and the TOGAF ADM..................................... 33033.4 Structure of Par t IV ......................................................................... 330

Chapter 34 Content Metamodel................................................................... 33134.1 Over view......................................................................................... 33134.2 Content Metamodel Vision and Concepts ...................................... 33134.2.1 Core Content Metamodel Concepts ............................................ 331

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34.2.2 Over view of the Content Metamodel ........................................... 33634.3 Content Metamodel in Detail .......................................................... 33834.3.1 Core Content Metamodel ............................................................ 33934.3.2 Core Architecture Artifacts ........................................................... 33934.3.3 Full Content Metamodel .............................................................. 34034.4 Content Metamodel Extensions...................................................... 34234.4.1 Governance Extensions .............................................................. 34434.4.2 Services Extensions .................................................................... 34634.4.3 Process Modeling Extensions ..................................................... 34834.4.4 Data Extensions .......................................................................... 35034.4.5 Infrastr ucture Consolidation Extensions ...................................... 35234.4.6 Motivation Extensions.................................................................. 35434.5 Content Metamodel Entities ........................................................... 35634.6 Content Metamodel Attributes ........................................................ 35934.7 Metamodel Relationships ............................................................... 368

Chapter 35 Architectural Artifacts ............................................................. 37335.1 Basic Concepts ............................................................................... 37335.1.1 Simple Example of a Viewpoint and View ................................... 37535.2 Developing Views in the ADM ........................................................ 37635.2.1 General Guidelines...................................................................... 37635.2.2 View Creation Process ................................................................ 37735.3 Views, Tools, and Languages ......................................................... 37835.3.1 Over view...................................................................................... 37835.4 Views and Viewpoints ..................................................................... 37835.4.1 Example of Views and Viewpoints ............................................... 37835.4.2 Views and Viewpoints in Enterpr ise Architecture ........................ 37935.4.3 Need for a Common Language and Interoperable

Tools for Architecture Description ................................................ 38035.5 Conclusions .................................................................................... 38035.6 Architectural Artifacts by ADM Phase............................................. 38035.6.1 Preliminary Phase ....................................................................... 38235.6.2 Phase A: Architecture Vision ....................................................... 38235.6.3 Phase B: Business Architecture .................................................. 38335.6.4 Phase C: Data Architecture ......................................................... 38835.6.5 Phase C: Application Architecture ............................................... 39135.6.6 Phase D: Technology Architecture .............................................. 39635.6.7 Phase E: Opportunities and Solutions......................................... 39935.6.8 Requirements Management ........................................................ 40035.7 Recommended Architecture Views to be Developed ..................... 40035.7.1 Developing a Business Architecture View ................................... 40135.7.2 Developing an Enterpr ise Secur ity View ..................................... 40235.7.3 Developing a Software Engineering View.................................... 40635.7.4 Developing a System Engineering View...................................... 41535.7.5 Developing a Communications Engineering View ....................... 42135.7.6 Developing a Data Flow View...................................................... 42635.7.7 Developing an Enterpr ise Manageability View ............................ 43135.7.8 Developing an Acquirer View....................................................... 433

Chapter 36 Architecture Deliverables....................................................... 43536.1 Introduction..................................................................................... 43536.2 Deliverable Descriptions ................................................................. 436

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36.2.1 Architecture Building Blocks ........................................................ 43736.2.2 Architecture Contract ................................................................... 43736.2.3 Architecture Definition Document ................................................ 43836.2.4 Architecture Pr inciples................................................................. 43936.2.5 Architecture Repositor y ............................................................... 44036.2.6 Architecture Requirements Specification..................................... 44036.2.7 Architecture Roadmap ................................................................. 44136.2.8 Architecture Vision ....................................................................... 44236.2.9 Business Pr inciples, Business Goals, and Business

Dr ivers ......................................................................................... 44236.2.10 Capability Assessment ................................................................ 44336.2.11 Change Request .......................................................................... 44436.2.12 Communications Plan.................................................................. 44536.2.13 Compliance Assessment ............................................................. 44536.2.14 Implementation and Migration Plan ............................................. 44636.2.15 Implementation Governance Model............................................. 44736.2.16 Organizational Model for Enterpr ise Architecture ........................ 44736.2.17 Request for Architecture Wor k..................................................... 44836.2.18 Requirements Impact Assessment.............................................. 44836.2.19 Solution Building Blocks .............................................................. 44936.2.20 Statement of Architecture Wor k................................................... 44936.2.21 Tailored Architecture Framework ................................................. 449

Chapter 37 Building Blocks .......................................................................... 45137.1 Over view......................................................................................... 45137.2 Introduction to Building Blocks ....................................................... 45137.2.1 Over view...................................................................................... 45137.2.2 Generic Character istics ............................................................... 45137.2.3 Architecture Building Blocks ........................................................ 45237.2.4 Solution Building Blocks .............................................................. 45337.3 Building Blocks and the ADM ......................................................... 45437.3.1 Basic Pr inciples ........................................................................... 45437.3.2 Building Block Specification Process in the ADM........................ 455

Part V Enterprise Continuum and Tools .................................. 457

Chapter 38 Introduction ................................................................................. 45938.1 Introduction..................................................................................... 45938.2 Structure of Par t V .......................................................................... 459

Chapter 39 Enterprise Continuum ............................................................. 46139.1 Over view......................................................................................... 46139.2 Enterpr ise Continuum and Architecture Re-Use ............................ 46139.3 Constituents of the Enterpr ise Continuum ...................................... 46239.4 Enterpr ise Continuum in Detail....................................................... 46339.4.1 Architecture Continuum ............................................................... 46439.4.2 Solutions Continuum ................................................................... 46739.5 The Enter prise Continuum and the ADM ....................................... 46939.6 The Enter prise Continuum and Your Organization ......................... 46939.6.1 Relationships ............................................................................... 46939.6.2 Your Enterpr ise ............................................................................ 471

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Chapter 40 Architecture Par titioning ........................................................ 47340.1 Over view......................................................................................... 47340.2 Applying Classification to Create Par titioned

Architectures ................................................................................... 47340.2.1 Activities within the Preliminary Phase ........................................ 47540.3 Integration ....................................................................................... 476

Chapter 41 Architecture Repository ......................................................... 47941.1 Over view......................................................................................... 47941.2 Architecture Landscape .................................................................. 48141.3 Reference Librar y ........................................................................... 48141.3.1 Over view...................................................................................... 48141.4 Standards Infor mation Base ........................................................... 48241.4.1 Over view...................................................................................... 48241.4.2 Types of Standard........................................................................ 48241.4.3 Standards Lifecycle ..................................................................... 48341.4.4 Standards Classification within the Standards

Infor mation Base ......................................................................... 48341.5 Governance Log ............................................................................. 48441.5.1 Over view...................................................................................... 48441.5.2 Contents of the Governance Log................................................. 48441.6 The Enter prise Repository.............................................................. 48641.6.1 Requirements Repositor y ............................................................ 48641.6.2 Solutions Repositor y ................................................................... 48641.7 External Repositories ..................................................................... 48641.7.1 External Reference Models ......................................................... 48641.7.2 External Standards...................................................................... 48641.7.3 Architecture Board Approvals ...................................................... 486

Chapter 42 Tools for Architecture Development.................................. 48742.1 Over view......................................................................................... 48742.2 Issues in Tool Standardization........................................................ 487

Part VI TOGAF Reference Models ................................................. 489

Chapter 43 Foundation Architecture: Technical ReferenceModel .............................................................................................. 491

43.1 Concepts ........................................................................................ 49143.1.1 Role of the TRM in the Foundation Architecture ......................... 49143.1.2 TRM Components ....................................................................... 49143.1.3 Other TRMs ................................................................................. 49243.2 High-Level Breakdown .................................................................... 49243.2.1 Over view...................................................................................... 49243.2.2 Por tability and Interoperability ..................................................... 49343.3 TRM in Detail.................................................................................. 49443.3.1 Introduction.................................................................................. 49443.3.2 TRM Entities and Interfaces ........................................................ 49543.3.3 Application Software .................................................................... 49543.3.4 Application Platfor m..................................................................... 49643.3.5 Communications Infrastr ucture.................................................... 49843.3.6 Application Platfor m Interface ...................................................... 498

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43.3.7 Communications Infrastr ucture Interface ..................................... 49943.3.8 Qualities....................................................................................... 49943.4 Application Platfor m — Taxonomy.................................................. 50043.4.1 Basic Pr inciples ........................................................................... 50043.4.2 Application Platfor m Ser vice Categor ies ..................................... 50043.4.3 Application Platfor m Ser vice Qualities ......................................... 50443.5 Detailed Platfor m Taxonomy........................................................... 50643.5.1 Data Interchange Services .......................................................... 50643.5.2 Data Management Services ........................................................ 50743.5.3 Graphics and Imaging Services ................................................... 50843.5.4 International Operation Services ................................................. 50943.5.5 Location and Directory Ser vices.................................................. 51043.5.6 Networ k Ser vices ........................................................................ 51043.5.7 Operating System Services ......................................................... 51243.5.8 Software Engineering Services ................................................... 51343.5.9 Transaction Processing Services ................................................. 51443.5.10 User Interface Services ............................................................... 51543.5.11 Security Services ......................................................................... 51543.5.12 System and Networ k Management Services .............................. 51743.5.13 Object-Oriented Provision of Services ........................................ 519

Chapter 44 Integrated Information Infrastructure ReferenceModel .............................................................................................. 523

44.1 Basic Concepts ............................................................................... 52344.1.1 Background ................................................................................. 52344.1.2 Components of the Model ........................................................... 52444.1.3 Relationship to Other parts of TOGAF ........................................ 52444.1.4 Key Business and Technical Drivers ............................................ 52444.1.5 Status of the III-RM...................................................................... 52644.2 High-Level View.............................................................................. 52744.2.1 Derivation of the III-RM from the TRM......................................... 52744.2.2 High-Level III-RM Graphic ........................................................... 52844.2.3 Components of the High-Level III-RM ......................................... 52944.3 Detailed Taxonomy ......................................................................... 53144.3.1 Detailed III-RM Graphic ............................................................... 53144.3.2 Business Applications .................................................................. 53144.3.3 Infrastr ucture Applications ........................................................... 53644.3.4 Application Platfor m..................................................................... 53744.3.5 Qualities....................................................................................... 541

Part VII Architecture Capability Framework ............................. 543

Chapter 45 Introduction ................................................................................. 54545.1 Over view......................................................................................... 54545.2 Structure of Par t VII ........................................................................ 546

Chapter 46 Establishing an Architecture Capability .......................... 54746.1 Over view......................................................................................... 54746.2 Phase A: Architecture Vision .......................................................... 54846.3 Phase B: Business Architecture ..................................................... 54946.4 Phase C: Data Architecture ............................................................ 549

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46.5 Phase C: Application Architecture .................................................. 55046.6 Phase D: Technology Architecture ................................................. 55046.7 Phase E: Opportunities & Solutions ............................................... 55046.8 Phase F: Migration Planning .......................................................... 55046.9 Phase G: Implementation Governance .......................................... 55046.10 Phase H: Architecture Change Management ................................. 55146.11 Requirements Management ........................................................... 551

Chapter 47 Architecture Board.................................................................... 55347.1 Role ................................................................................................ 55347.2 Responsibilities............................................................................... 55347.3 Setting Up the Architecture Board .................................................. 55447.3.1 Triggers ........................................................................................ 55447.3.2 Size of the Board ......................................................................... 55547.3.3 Board Str ucture ........................................................................... 55547.4 Operation of the Architecture Board ............................................... 55647.4.1 General ........................................................................................ 55647.4.2 Preparation .................................................................................. 55647.4.3 Agenda ........................................................................................ 557

Chapter 48 Architecture Compliance........................................................ 55948.1 Introduction..................................................................................... 55948.2 Ter minology: The Meaning of Architecture Compliance ................. 55948.3 Architecture Compliance Reviews .................................................. 56148.3.1 Purpose ....................................................................................... 56148.3.2 Timing.......................................................................................... 56248.3.3 Governance and Personnel Scenarios ........................................ 56348.4 Architecture Compliance Review Process ...................................... 56348.4.1 Over view...................................................................................... 56348.4.2 Roles ........................................................................................... 56548.4.3 Steps ........................................................................................... 56648.5 Architecture Compliance Review Checklists .................................. 56748.5.1 Hardware and Operating System Checklist ................................. 56748.5.2 Software Services and Middleware Checklist .............................. 56848.5.3 Applications Checklists ................................................................ 56948.5.4 Infor mation Management Checklists ........................................... 57248.5.5 Security Checklist ........................................................................ 57348.5.6 System Management Checklist ................................................... 57448.5.7 System Engineer ing/Overall Architecture

Checklists .................................................................................... 57548.5.8 System Engineer ing/Methods & Tools Checklist ......................... 57748.6 Architecture Compliance Review Guidelines .................................. 57948.6.1 Tailor ing the Checklists ................................................................ 57948.6.2 Conducting Architecture Compliance Reviews ............................ 579

Chapter 49 Architecture Contracts ............................................................ 58149.1 Role ................................................................................................ 58149.2 Contents ......................................................................................... 58249.2.1 Statement of Architecture Wor k................................................... 58249.2.2 Contract between Architecture Design and

Development Par tners ................................................................. 58349.2.3 Contract between Architecting Function and

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Business Users............................................................................ 58349.3 Relationship to Architecture Governance ....................................... 584

Chapter 50 Architecture Governance ....................................................... 58550.1 Introduction..................................................................................... 58550.1.1 Levels of Governance within the Enterpr ise ................................ 58550.1.2 Nature of Governance ................................................................. 58650.1.3 Technology Governance .............................................................. 58750.1.4 IT Governance ............................................................................. 58750.1.5 Architecture Governance: Over view............................................ 58850.2 Architecture Governance Framework ............................................. 58950.2.1 Architecture Governance Framework — Conceptual

Str ucture ...................................................................................... 58950.2.2 Architecture Governance Framework —

Organizational Structure .............................................................. 59150.3 Architecture Governance in Practice .............................................. 59350.3.1 Architecture Governance — Key Success Factors ...................... 59350.3.2 Elements of an Effective Architecture Governance

Strategy ....................................................................................... 594

Chapter 51 Architecture Maturity Models ............................................... 59551.1 Over view......................................................................................... 59551.2 Background .................................................................................... 59651.3 US DoC ACMM Framework ............................................................ 59651.3.1 Over view...................................................................................... 59651.3.2 Elements of the ACMM ................................................................ 59751.3.3 Example: Enter prise Architecture Process Maturity

Levels .......................................................................................... 59751.4 Capability Matur ity Models Integration (CMMI) .............................. 60051.4.1 Introduction.................................................................................. 60051.4.2 SCAMPI Method .......................................................................... 60151.5 Conclusions .................................................................................... 601

Chapter 52 Architecture Skills Framework............................................. 60352.1 Introduction..................................................................................... 60352.2 Need for an Enter prise Architecture Skills Framework ................... 60352.2.1 Definitional Rigor ......................................................................... 60352.2.2 Basis of an Internal Architecture Practice .................................... 60452.3 Goals/Rationale .............................................................................. 60552.3.1 Certification of Enterpr ise Architects ........................................... 60552.3.2 Specific Benefits .......................................................................... 60552.4 Enterpr ise Architecture Role and Skill Categories ......................... 60652.4.1 Over view...................................................................................... 60652.4.2 TOGAF Roles .............................................................................. 60652.4.3 Categories of Skills...................................................................... 60752.4.4 Proficiency Levels ........................................................................ 60852.5 Enterpr ise Architecture Role and Skill Definitions .......................... 60852.5.1 Generic Skills............................................................................... 60852.5.2 Business Skills & Methods .......................................................... 60952.5.3 Enterpr ise Architecture Skills ...................................................... 60952.5.4 Program or Project Management Skills ....................................... 61052.5.5 IT General Knowledge Skills ....................................................... 610

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52.5.6 Technical IT Skills ........................................................................ 61152.5.7 Legal Environment ....................................................................... 61152.6 Generic Role and Skills of the Enterpr ise Architect ........................ 61252.6.1 Generic Role................................................................................ 61252.6.2 Character ization in Ter ms of the Enterpr ise

Continuum ................................................................................... 61452.6.3 Key Character istics of an Enterpr ise Architect ............................ 61452.7 Conclusions .................................................................................... 615

Part VIII Appendices ................................................................................ 617

Appendix A Glossar y of Supplementary Definitions ........................... 619

Appendix B Abbreviations .............................................................................. 633

Index ............................................................................................... 639

List of Figures

1-1 Structure of the TOGAF Document ................................................... 32-1 Relationships between Deliverables, Artifacts, and

Building Blocks .................................................................................. 112-2 Example — Architecture Definition Document .................................. 122-3 Enterpr ise Continuum ........................................................................ 132-4 TOGAF Architecture Repository Str ucture ........................................ 142-5 TOGAF Architecture Capability Over view ......................................... 165-1 Architecture Development Cycle ....................................................... 475-2 Integration of Architecture Artifacts ................................................... 556-1 Preliminary Phase ............................................................................. 576-2 Management Fr ameworks to Co-ordinate with TOGAF ..................... 616-3 Interoperability and Relationships between Management

Fr ameworks ....................................................................................... 637-1 Phase A: Architecture Vision ............................................................. 698-1 Phase B: Business Architecture ........................................................ 798-2 UML Business Class Diagram........................................................... 829-1 Phase C: Infor mation Systems Architectures .................................... 9312-1 Phase D: Technology Architecture .................................................... 11913-1 Phase E: Opportunities & Solutions .................................................. 13114-1 Phase F: Migration Planning ............................................................. 14115-1 Phase G: Implementation Governance ............................................. 14916-1 Phase H: Architecture Change Management .................................... 15717-1 ADM Architecture Requirements Management ................................. 16719-1 Iteration Cycles.................................................................................. 18219-2 Classes of Enterpr ise Architecture Engagement............................... 18319-3 A Hierarchy of ADM Processes Example .......................................... 18819-4 Activity by Iteration for Baseline First Architecture

Definition ............................................................................................ 19019-5 Activity by Iteration for Target First Architecture

Definition ............................................................................................ 19020-1 Summary Classification Model for Architecture

Landscapes ....................................................................................... 195

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20-2 Summary of Architecture Continuum ................................................. 19622-1 The Open Group SOA Gover nance Fr amework ................................ 22222-2 The Open Group SOA Reference Architecture ................................. 22422-3 SOA Entities in the Content Metamodel ............................................ 22524-1 Sample Stakeholders and Categories ............................................... 25324-2 Stakeholder Pow er Grid..................................................................... 25526-1 Creating a Business Scenario ........................................................... 27326-2 Phases of Developing Business Scenarios ....................................... 27326-3 Relative Contr ibutions to a Business Scenario .................................. 27826-4 Relevance of Requirements Throughout the ADM............................ 27827-1 Gap Analysis Example ...................................................................... 29028-1 Implementation Factor Assessment and Deduction Matrix ............... 29328-2 Consolidated Gaps, Solutions, and Dependencies Matrix ................ 29428-3 Architecture Definition Increments Table ........................................... 29428-4 Transition Architecture State Evolution Table .................................... 29528-5 Sample Project Assessment with Respect to Business

Value and Risk................................................................................... 29629-1 Business Infor mation Interoperability Matrix ...................................... 30129-2 Infor mation Systems Interoperability Matrix ...................................... 30130-1 Business Tr ansfor mation Readiness Assessment —

Matur ity Model ................................................................................... 30830-2 Summary Table of Business Transfor mation Readiness

Assessment ....................................................................................... 31031-1 Risk Classification Scheme ............................................................... 31531-2 Sample Risk Identification and Mitigation Assessment

Worksheet ......................................................................................... 31632-1 Capability-Based Planning Concept .................................................. 32032-2 Capability Increments and Dimensions ............................................. 32132-3 Capability Increment ‘‘Radar’’ ............................................................ 32232-4 Relationship Between Capabilities, Enter prise

Architecture, and Projects ................................................................. 32333-1 Relationships between Deliverables, Artifacts, and

Building Blocks .................................................................................. 32833-2 Example — Architecture Definition Document .................................. 32833-3 Content Metamodel Over view ........................................................... 32934-1 TOGAF Content Metamodel and its Extensions................................ 33234-2 Core Entities and their Relationships ................................................ 33434-3 Interactions between Metamodel, Building Blocks,

Diagrams, and Stakeholders ............................................................. 33534-4 Content Fr amework by ADM Phases................................................. 33634-5 Detailed Representation of the Content Metamodel.......................... 33734-6 Entities and Relationships Present within the Core

Content Metamodel ........................................................................... 33934-7 Content Metamodel with Extensions ................................................. 34034-8 Relationships between Entities in the Full Metamodel ...................... 34134-9 Core Content Metamodel and Predefined Extension Modules.......... 34234-10 Core Content with Governance Extensions....................................... 34334-11 Governance Extensions: Changes to Metamodel ............................. 34534-12 Services Extension: Changes to Metamodel..................................... 34734-13 Process Modeling Extensions: Changes to Metamodel .................... 34834-14 Data Extensions: Changes to Metamodel ......................................... 35034-15 Infrastr ucture Consolidation Extensions: Changes to

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Contents

Metamodel ......................................................................................... 35334-16 Motivation Extensions: Changes to Metamodel ................................ 35535-1 Basic Architectural Concepts............................................................. 37335-2 Example View — The Open Group Business Domains in

2008 ................................................................................................... 37535-3 Artifacts Associated with the Core Content Metamodel

and Extensions .................................................................................. 38035-4 Abstract Security Architecture View .................................................. 40335-5 Generic Security Architecture View................................................... 40435-6 The Five-Tier Organization................................................................ 41135-7 Data Access Interface (DAI) .............................................................. 41135-8 Multiple Uses of a Data Access Interface (DAI) ................................. 41335-9 Notional Distr ibution Model................................................................ 41435-10 Basic Client/Ser ver Model ................................................................. 41635-11 Reference Model Representation of Client/Server Model ................. 41635-12 Host-Based, Master/Slave , and Hierarchic Models ........................... 41735-13 Hierarchic Model using the Reference Model.................................... 41835-14 Peer-to-Peer and Distributed Object Management Models ............... 41935-15 Communications Infrastr ucture.......................................................... 42235-16 OSI Reference Model ........................................................................ 42435-17 Communications Framework ............................................................. 42537-1 Key ADM Phases/Steps at which Building Blocks are

Evolved/Specified .............................................................................. 45539-1 Enterpr ise Continuum ........................................................................ 46239-2 Architecture Continuum ..................................................................... 46439-3 Solutions Continuum ......................................................................... 46739-4 Relationships between Architecture and Solutions

Continua ............................................................................................ 46940-1 Allocation of Teams to Architecture Scope ........................................ 47640-2 Architecture Content Aggregation ..................................................... 47741-1 Over view of Architecture Repository ................................................. 47941-2 Architecture Continuum ..................................................................... 48143-1 Technical Reference Model — High-Level View ................................ 49243-2 Detailed Technical Reference Model (Showing Service

Categor ies) ........................................................................................ 49444-1 An approach to Boundaryless Infor mation Flow

(Enter prise Por tals) ........................................................................... 52544-2 TOGAF TRM Orientation Views ........................................................ 52744-3 Focus of the III-RM ............................................................................ 52744-4 III-RM — High-Level .......................................................................... 52844-5 III-RM — Detailed .............................................................................. 53144-6 Liberate Data Silos to Meet Infor mation Needs of

Cross-Functional Enterpr ise Teams .................................................. 53244-7 Infor mation Provider Applications Liberate Data by

Providing Open Interfaces to Data Silos............................................ 53244-8 Brokerage Applications Integrate Infor mation from

Infor mation Provider Applications...................................................... 53444-9 Infor mation Consumer Applications Communicate using

Open Interfaces ................................................................................. 53544-10 Juxtaposition of Location and Directory Ser vices to

Other Components ............................................................................ 53844-11 Wor kflow Ser vices Enable Infor mation Flow ..................................... 540

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45-1 Mature Architecture Capability .......................................................... 54548-1 Levels of Architecture Confor mance.................................................. 55948-2 Architecture Compliance Review Process ......................................... 56350-1 Architecture Governance Framework — Conceptual

Str ucture ............................................................................................ 58950-2 Architecture Governance Framework — Organizational

Str ucture ............................................................................................ 591

List of Tables

5-1 ADM Version Numbering Convention ................................................ 4923-1 Recommended Format for Defining Principles .................................. 23624-1 Example Stakeholder Analysis .......................................................... 254

xxiv Open Group Standard (2011)


Preface

TOGAF Version 9.1, Enterpr ise Edition, is an open, industry consensus framework for enterpr isearchitecture.

This Document

There are seven par ts to the TOGAF document:

PART I (Introduction) This part provides a high-level introduction to the key concepts of enterpr isearchitecture and in particular the TOGAF approach. It contains the definitions of terms usedthroughout TOGAF and release notes detailing the changes between this version and theprevious version of TOGAF.

PART II (Architecture Development Method) This is the core of TOGAF. It descr ibes the TOGAFArchitecture Development Method (ADM) — a step-by-step approach to developing anenter prise architecture.

PART III (ADM Guidelines & Techniques) This part contains a collection of guidelines and techniquesavailable for use in applying TOGAF and the TOGAF ADM.

PART IV (Architecture Content Framework) This part descr ibes the TOGAF content framework,including a structured metamodel for architectural artifacts, the use of re-usable architecturebuilding blocks, and an overview of typical architecture deliverables.

PART V (Enter prise Continuum & Tools) This part discusses appropriate taxonomies and tools tocategor ize and store the outputs of architecture activity within an enterpr ise.

PART VI (TOGAF Reference Models) This part provides a selection of architectural referencemodels, which includes the TOGAF Foundation Architecture, and the Integrated Infor mationInfrastr ucture Reference Model (III-RM).

PART VII (Architecture Capability Framework) This part discusses the organization, processes, skills,roles, and responsibilities required to establish and operate an architecture function withinan enterpr ise.

Intended Audience

TOGAF is intended for enterpr ise architects, business architects, IT architects, data architects, systemsarchitects, solutions architects, and anyone responsible for the architecture function within anorganization.

Keywords

architecture, architecture framework, architecture development method, architect, architecting, enterpr isearchitecture, enter prise architecture framework, enter prise architecture method, method, methods, open,group, technical reference model, standards, standards infor mation base

TOGAF® Version 9.1 xxv


About The Open Group

The Open Group

The Open Group is a vendor-neutral and technology-neutral consortium, whose vision of BoundarylessInfor mation Flow™ will enable access to integrated infor mation within and between enterpr ises based onopen standards and global interoperability. The Open Group wor ks with customers, suppliers, consor tia,and other standards bodies. Its role is to capture, understand, and address current and emergingrequirements, establish policies, and share best practices; to facilitate interoperability, dev elop consensus,and evolve and integrate specifications and Open Source technologies; to offer a comprehensive set ofser vices to enhance the operational efficiency of consortia; and to operate the industry’s premiercer tification ser vice, including UNIX® cer tification.

Fur ther infor mation on The Open Group is available at www.opengroup.org.

The Open Group has over 15 years’ exper ience in developing and operating certification programs andhas extensive exper ience developing and facilitating industry adoption of test suites used to validateconfor mance to an open standard or specification.

More infor mation is available at www.opengroup.org/cer tification.

The Open Group publishes a wide range of technical documentation, the main part of which is focused ondevelopment of Technical and Product Standards and Guides, but which also includes white papers,technical studies, branding and testing documentation, and business titles. Full details and a catalog areavailable at www.opengroup.org/bookstore.

As with all live documents, Technical Standards and Specifications require revision to align with newdevelopments and associated international standards. To distinguish between revised specificationswhich are fully backwards-compatible and those which are not:

n A new Version indicates there is no change to the definitive infor mation contained in the previouspublication of that title, but additions/extensions are included. As such, it replaces the previouspublication.

n A new Issue indicates there is substantive change to the definitive infor mation contained in theprevious publication of that title, and there may also be additions/extensions. As such, both previousand new documents are maintained as current publications.

Readers should note that Corrigenda may apply to any publication. Corrigenda infor mation is publishedat www.opengroup.org/corr igenda.

xxvi Open Group Standard (2011)


http://www.opengroup.org

http://www.opengroup.org/certification

http://www.opengroup.org/bookstore

http://www.opengroup.org/corrigenda

Participants

This document was prepared by The Open Group Architecture For um and incorporates TOGAF 9 andTOGAF 9 Technical Corrigendum No. 1. When The Open Group approved TOGAF 9 TechnicalCorr igendum No. 1 on July 21st, 2011, the membership of the Architecture For um was as follows:

Dave Hornford, Conexiam, ChairTara Paider, Nationwide, Vice-ChairChris Forde, The Open Group, For um DirectorAndrew Josey, The Open Group, Director of StandardsGarr y Doher ty, The Open Group, TOGAF Product ManagerCathy Fox, The Open Group, Technical Editor

Architecture Forum Technical Reviewers

Technical reviewers are those individuals who have submitted comments during the company review, orpar ticipated in a face-to-face issue resolution meeting during the development of TOGAF 9 TechnicalCorr igendum No. 1.

Andrew JoseyAr nold van OvereemBill AdamsBill EstremBob WeismanChr is Ar mstrongChr is FordeChr is GreensladePaul HomanDave Hor nford

Dave van GelderGarr y Doher tyJack FujiedaJane Var nusJason BroomeJudith JonesJörgen DahlbergKen StreetKe vin SevignyKir k Hansen

Larr y BergenMaggie HuangMike Lamber tMike Tur nerPaul van der MerwePeter KaufmannRichard HewardoRoger GriessenRoland Fabr iSar ina Viljoen

Tara PaiderTejpal S. VirdiThomas ObitzTimo KarvinenTim O’NeillStephen BennettHarr y Hendr ickxSteve ElseEd HarringtonHeather Kreger

Architecture Forum Members

The following organizations were members of the Architecture For um at the time of approval.

1Plug, USAact! consulting GmbH, Germanyalfabet AG, GermanyARISMORE, FranceAT&T ITAS, USAAalto University, School of Science & Technology, FinlandAbu Dhabi Retirement Pensions & Benefits Fund, UAEAcando AS, NorwayAccelare, USAAccenture, USAAhead Technology Inc., Canada

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Participants

Allianz Global Corporate & Specialty, Ger manyAlter tech, Saudi ArabiaAmer ican Express, USAAnywhere, Czech RepublicAoyama Gakuin University, JapanApollo Group, USAApplied Technology Solutions Inc., USAArchiXL, NetherlandsArchitecting the Enterpr ise, UKAr mscor, South AfricaAr mstrong Process Group Inc., USAAspire Technology, ChinaAstraZeneca, UKAthr IT Consulting, Saudi ArabiaAustin Energy, USAAutoTrader.com, USAAv olution, AustraliaBIZZdesign Holding, NetherlandsBNP PARIBAS, FranceBP Oil International Ltd., UKBSI SA, Switzer landBank of America, USABank of Montreal, CanadaBiner Consulting, SwedenBizcon, DenmarkBoston University, USABr itish Telecom Plc, UKBuild The Vision Inc., CanadaBusiness Connexion, South AfricaCA Inc., CanadaCC and C Solutions, AustraliaCEISAR, FranceCGI Group Inc., CanadaCLARS Ltd., UKCPP Investment Board, CanadaCS Interactive Training, South AfricaCSC, USACapgemini, NetherlandsCapita IT Services, UKCasewise Systems Ltd., USACeRTAE ULaval, CanadaCelestial Consulting Ltd., UKCentre for Open Systems, AustraliaChem China, ChinaChengdu GKHB Computer Systems, ChinaCisco Systems Inc., USACognizant CTS, IndiaColorado Technical University, USAConexiam, CanadaDMTF, USADNV CIBIT, Nether landsDUX DILIGENS, Mexico

xxviii Open Group Standard (2011)


Participants

DWP Programme & Systems Deliver y Group, UKDeccan Global Solutions LLC, USADeloitte Consulting LLP, USADepar tment of Infor mation Management, Ming Chuan University, TaiwanDetecon International GmbH, GermanyDetica, UKDevoteam Consulting, DenmarkEA Global Ltd., UKEA Principals Inc., USAEADynamicsUK Ltd., UKEASD-CIOB (Treasur y Board of Canada Secretariat), CanadaETNIC, BelgiumEdutech Enterpr ises, SingaporeEli Lilly & Company Ltd., USAElparazim, USAEnergistics, USAEnergy Consulting/Corporate IT Solutions, Russian FederationEnter prise Architects Pty Ltd., AustraliaEnter prise Architects, UKEnter prise Architecture Consulting, UKEnter prise Architecture Solutions Ltd., UKEskom, South AfricaEstrat TI SA DE CV, MexicoFEAC Institute, USAFaculty Training Institute, South AfricaFirstrand Bank Ltd., South AfricaForefront Consulting Group AB, SwedenFr ance Telecom, FranceFr aunhofer SIT, Ger manyFujitsu Services, UKGetronics, Nether landsGijima, South AfricaGlobal Info Tech Co. Ltd., ChinaGnosis IT Knowledge Solutions, BrazilGrant MacEwan College, CanadaHebei Wangxun Digital Technology Ltd., ChinaHewlett-Packard, USAHotel Technology Next Generation, USAIBM, USAiCMG Private Ltd., IndiaInfosys Ltd., IndiaInfovide SA, PolandING Group, Nether landsINVITALIA, ItalyIRM AB, SwedenIRM UK, UKISES, Nether landsISNordic A/S, Denmar kItera-IT Institute Iberoamerica, MexicoITM Beratungsgesellschaft mbH, GermanyITpreneurs, Nether landsJISC ,UK

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Participants

Jodayn Consulting, Saudi ArabiaJour neyOne, AustraliaKamehameha Schools, USAKir k Hansen Consulting, CanadaKnotion Consulting, South AfricaKU-INOVA, ThailandKy oto University, JapanLawrence Technological University, USALoQutus, BelgiumMainline Infor mation Systems Inc, USAMaptech, UAEMarathon Oil Corporation, USAMarr iott Inter national, USAMega International, FranceMeraka Institutue, South AfricaMetaplexity Associates, USAMetLife, USAMIC Business Solutions Inc, USAMicrosoft Corporation, USAMizuho Infor mation & Research Institute Inc, JapanMolimax Consulting Ltd., UKNAF, Nether lands Architecture For um, Nether landsNASA SEWP, USANational IT and Telecom Agency, IT-Architecture Division, DenmarkNational Policing Improvement Agency, UKNational University of Singapore, Institute of Systems Science, SingaporeNationwide, USANedbank, South AfricaNEHTA, AustraliaNEOXIA, MoroccoNGN Technologies, IndiaNII Holdings Inc., USANedbank, South AfricaNippon Telegraph & Telephone Corporation, JapanNomura Research Institute Ltd., JapanNorwegian University of Science & Technology, NorwayOFFIS, Ger manyOMG, USAOnline Business Systems, CanadaOpen GIS Consortium Inc., USAOpen Text Inc., CanadaOracle Corporation, USAOrbus Software, UKOvations, South AfricaOxford Brookes University, UKPATH ITTS, BrazilPenn State (College of IST), USAplenum Management Consulting, GermanyPr icewaterhouseCoopers LLP, South AfricaProcter & Gamble Company, USAPromis, Switzer landProya Profesyonel Yazilim Cozumleri ve Danismanlik Ltd., Tur key

xxx Open Group Standard (2011)


Participants

QA Ltd., UKQR Systems Inc., CanadaQer nel nv, BelgiumQualiWare ApS, Denmar kRaytheon, USAReGIS Inc., JapanReal IRM Solutions (Pty) Ltd., South AfricaRedd Consulting, UKReply Ltd., UKResultex Ltd., New ZealandRio Tinto, UKRococo Co Ltd., JapanRoehampton University, UKRolls-Royce plc, USARoyal Philips Electronics, Nether landsSAP, Ger manySARS, South AfricaSIF Association, USASIM University, SingaporeSIOS Technology Inc., JapanSKLSE (Wuhan University), ChinaSMME, BelgiumSNA Technologies Inc., USASYRACOM Consulting AG, GermanySenacor Technologies AG, GermanyShenzhen Kingdee Middleware, ChinaShift Technologies LLC, UAESidra Medical & Research Center, QatarSinapse, CanadaSir ius Computer Solutions, USASkills Funding, UKSmar t421 Ltd., UKSoftware AG, GermanySogeti SAS, Nether landsSoluta.Net srl, ItalySolvera Solutions, CanadaSouth African Reserve Bank, South AfricaSparx Systems, AustraliaState Infor mation Technology Agency (Pty) Ltd., South AfricaSter ia Ltd., UKSwiss Federal Administration, Switzer landSystems Flow Inc., USAT-Systems, South AfricaTONEX, USATRM Technologies Inc., CanadaTSYS, USATata Consultancy Services, IndiaTeamcall Ltd., BelgiumTechnology & HR Consultancy Ltd., UKTeleManagement For um, UKTelkom SA Ltd., South AfricaThe Boeing Company, USA

TOGAF® Version 9.1 xxxi


Documents

TOGAF® Version 9.1 - van Haren Publishing