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Today’s Catalyst
1. What is the difference between a physical and chemical change? Write your answer in complete sentences.
2. Classify the following as either a physical or chemical change:
a. Plants make sugar from carbon dioxide and water b. Water vapor in the air forms frost c. A goldsmith melts a nugget of gold and pulls it into a wire
The States of Matter
The three states of matter are: solid, liquid, and gas.
These three states of matter differ in terms of compressibility, structure, shape, and volume
Foldable Time
FoldableCompressibility
Structure
Shape
Volume
Solid Liquid Gas
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter:
Based on the idea that particles of matter are always in motion.
Theory has 3 basic assumptions (but we are only going to cover the first 2)
Assumption #1Matter is composed of small particles (molecules)
Assumption #2
The molecules are in constant motion. This motion is different for the three states of matter.
SolidCompressibility: Not compressible
Structure: Particles are packed together in fixed position(vibrate in place)
SolidShape: Definite shape
Volume: Definite volume
Liquid Compressibility: more
compressible than a solid, but barely compressible
Structure: Individual molecules do not stick together(particles SLIDE past each other)
Liquid Shape: Indefinite Shape
(takes the shape of its container)
Volume: Definite Volume
GASCompressibility: Highly compressible
Structure: Gas particles do not stick together(spread out)
GAS Shape: Indefinite Shape
(takes the shape of its container)
Volume: Indefinite Volume; gases expand to fill whatever volume is available
Copyright© by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
13
Guided Practice
Maverick Races!
Take out a dry erase marker and whiteboard
Draw a circle on your whiteboard. Label the circle ‘Solid’ Draw the structure of the solid’s particles in your circle
Solid
Answer:
This state of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume. On your whiteboard write down the name of this state.
Answer:
•Gas
Which two states of matter have a definite volume?
Answer:
•Solid and Liquid
Draw a circle on your whiteboard. Label the circle ‘Liquid’ Draw the structure of liquid’s particles in your circle
Liquid
Answer:
In which states of matter do the particles have movement?
Answer:
•Solid, Liquid, and Gas
Add Up Your Points: Who is the Horse
Race Champion??