Today’s Health Care System - hsbc.enschool.org · 1 Today’s Health Care System M any cultures and inﬂ uences throughout history have shaped today’s health care system. The

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Online Study Guide to Accompany Introduction to Health Care & Careers © 2012 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins2

1 Today’s Health Care System

M any cultures and infl uences throughout history have shaped today’s

health care system. The ancient Greeks, Romans, and others laid much of the

foundation for modern health care, and many practices they established, such

as the Hippocratic Oath, are still used in various forms today.

Modern innovations in health care include providing various types of care

in diverse facilities, each tailored to address a specifi c health care need. The

types of roles for health care professionals have likewise expanded. Profes-

sionals with varied medical educations, backgrounds, and experiences work

together as an interdisciplinary team to deliver the best possible care for each

patient.

CHAPTER OBJECTIVES

After care ful s tudy of th i s chapter, you should be able to :

1. Recognize the importance of major health care events throughout the ages, p. 3.

2. Identify major health care facilities and the purpose of each, p. 4.

acute care facilityassisted living facilitycomplementary

therapiesextended care facilitygeneral practitioner

Hippocratic Oath (hip-ә-KRAT-ik ōth)

home health carehomeopathy (hō-mē-OP-

ă-thē)hospice (HOS-pis)independent living facilityinpatient

interdisciplinary teammicrobiologyoutpatientpandemic (pan-DEM-ik)prognosis (prog-NO-sis)rehabilitation centers

sphygmomanometer (sfi g-mō-ma-NOM-ә-ter)

stethoscope (STETH-ō-skōp)

subacute care facility

KEY TERMS

3. Describe fi ve types of health care professionals and their roles, p. 5.

4. List four trends that infl uence health care, p. 6.

LWBK951_ch01-p01-06.indd 2LWBK951_ch01-p01-06.indd 2 26/05/11 2:53 PM26/05/11 2:53 PM

C H A P T E R Today ’s Hea l th Care Sys tem 3

Online Study Guide to Accompany Introduction to Health Care & Careers © 2012 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Finally, our current health care system has been shaped by societal trends.

For example, our general population is growing older, resulting in a greater

demand on health care services. Increasing medical advances has led to a signifi -

cant growth in health care specialization.

Learning about the history of medicine helps us understand current health

care as well as prepare for the future.

BUILD YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Objective 1: Recognize the importance of major health care events throughout the ages.Crossword

Complete this crossword puzzle using clues across and down to unfold the history of medicine.


4 PART I THE WORLD OF HEALTH CARE


Objective 2: Identify major health care facilities and the purpose of each.True or False?

After reviewing the section, “Health Care Facilities,” read the statements below and circle T if they’re true or F if they’re false.

1. T F Most health care services are provided in settings other than a hospital.

2. T F A person who remains in an acute care facility for more than 24 hours is considered an outpatient, whereas those who require health care but don’t need to stay in a facil-ity may receive inpatient care.

3. T F Patients who have extremely serious, severe, or painful conditions that require imme-diate medical attention receive acute care at a hospital.

4. T F Traditionally, people who were admitted to a hospital weren’t discharged until they either recovered fully or had used all of the hospital’s available services, but this pol-icy has changed over the years with the rise of nontraditional care facilities, changing health care reimbursement practices, and federal regulation.

5. T F A subacute care facility fi lls the gap between hospitalization and rehabilitation by caring for various patients with complex medical and rehabilitative needs.

6. T F A new concept in extended care is called “aging in space.” This type of care allows patients to remain in their own homes as long as they’re able to care for themselves.

7. T F An assisted-living facility is often a group of apartments or houses for residents who can take care of themselves and are mobile, yet need some help with daily activities, whereas an independent living facility generally provides housing, group meals, per-sonal care, support services, and social activities in a community setting.

8. T F Providing many different health-related services, including assessment by nurses, teaching and support of patients and family members, and direct care for patients, a home health care agency allows chronically ill patients to live and be relatively com-fortable in their own homes.

9. T F Using a team of physicians, nurses, physical therapists, occupational therapists, and counselors, the goal at a rehabilitation center is to return patients to the community as independent members of society who are in optimal health.

Across2. Persian physician in medieval times who wrote

the Canon of Medicine

3. Founder of modern nursing (2 words)

4. Invention of this important medical instrument in the 1900s allows blood pressure measurement

6. Physician who invented vaccination (2 words)

7. This disease did not exist in prehistoric times

8. This disease resulted from unsanitary living con-ditions in the early Renaissance period (2 words)

9. Period in history in which the fi rst medical uni-versities were established

Down1. Ancient Greek considered to be the father of

medicine

2. Physician who wrote the fi rst comprehensive book of anatomy

5. Developed the fi rst hospitals in ancient times


C H A P T E R Today ’s Hea l th Care Sys tem 5


10. T F Patients receive outpatient care in the form of counseling, medication, and assistance with independent living at a mental health facility.

11. T F Crisis intervention centers are not considered mental health centers, but they pro-vide 24-hour services and hotlines for people who are suicidal, abusing drugs or alco-hol, or in abusive situations as well as providing information and services for victims of rape and abuse.

12. T F A hospice program provides care typically in-home by reducing pain, symptoms, and stress during the early stages of a patient’s terminal illness.

13. T F The American Heart Association and the American Lung Association are volunteer organizations that provide educational programs to the community.

14. T F Physicians and nurses usually never participate in volunteer organizations.

15. T F Meals on Wheels is a for-profi t agency that provides meals and other nutritional services to older adults and homebound and disabled people who may go hungry otherwise.

Objective 3: Describe fi ve types of health care professionals and their roles.Short Answer

After reading the section, “Health Care Professionals” in Chapter 1, briefl y describe the roles of the fol-lowing types of health care professionals.

1. Patient care professionals

2. Laboratory and pharmacy professionals

3. Diagnostic and imaging professionals

4. Therapy and rehabilitation professionals

5. Health information and administration professionals


6 PART I THE WORLD OF HEALTH CARE


Objective 4: List four trends that infl uence health care.Jumble

After answering the questions below about current health care trends, use the circled letters to form the answer to this jumble (punctuation [e.g., hyphens, apostrophes, etc.] counts as a character).

Clue: What treatment smells good while making you feel good? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

1. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ has brought about a greater demand for health care providers—

a trend that will only grow in the coming years, as people are living longer, more productive lives.

2. Today, more people are taking a proactive approach to their own health care, and more health care pro-

fessionals are shifting their focus from treatment to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

3. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ promote healing through nutrition, exercise, or

relaxation.

4. Because many health care providers can no longer keep up with all the advances being made in all areas of

medicine _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in smaller areas has become common.

EXPAND YOUR KNOWLEDGE

Essay QuestionAfter investigating online what contagious diseases are currently being eradicated, write a brief essay on your fi ndings about one such disease. How will its eradication change the world?


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Today’s Health Care System - hsbc.enschool.org · 1 Today’s Health Care System M any cultures and inﬂ uences throughout history have shaped today’s health care system. The