• To outline the 5 different life stages of human development

• To understand the basic needs in relation to life stages

• Explore and define needs in relation to PIES

UNIT 3: INDIVIDUAL NEEDS IN HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE

TODAYS OBJECTIVES:

STARTER AVTIVITY• What do you think is old?

• How old does someone have to be before you call them old?

• Think about people you know, such as your friends, relatives, teachers, and family members. Do you think they are old?

Look at the people in the pictures. They are all over 65. Do they think they are old? How do you think the word ‘old’ makes them feel? How does society make old people feel?

We all have different needs at different life stages.

Some are basic and we all have these needs, as shown in Maslow’s hierarchy. However, other needs change throughout our life stages.

Our life stages are:-

Infancy (0-3 years)

Children (4-10 years)

Adolescence (11-18 years)

Adulthood (19-65 years)

Later adulthood (65 + years)

How might our needs change throughout the life stages ?(remember to think of PIES)

INFANTS (0-3)

1. Make a list of all the things you think a baby/infant needs between 0-3 years

BIRTH AND INFANCY (0-3)

Your group task!

You will now be split into 4 groups;

physical

Intellectual

Emotional

Social

You have a few minutes to discuss and share ideas on what the needs of infants are in relation to PIES - sum up in 5

sentences. You will then feed these back to the rest of the group!

INFANTS NEEDS – • To be fed • Nappy change

• Lots of sleep• Everything has to be done for them • Secure routine• Form attachment/relationships• Bonding with parents• Toys and books to help develop their

gross and fine motor skills (control muscles such s legs to crawl, stand, walk)

• Fine motor skills – control smaller muscles such as fingers to hold objects or point

Any mums here?? – share some experiences!

CHILDHOOD (4-11)

• List all their needs • What are their

needs in relation to PIES?

CHILDHOOD

Learning to become independent at this life stage

Need to develop in all aspects of PIES such as:

EATING AND DRINKING

PERSONAL HYGIENE (cleaning teeth, washing hands etc)

SCHOOL = INTELECTUAL DEVELOPMENT e.g (learning to read, write, use numbers, language development)

School also meets social needs – interacting with others, social skills, communication, making friends, sharing

What else do children learn when they are at school? E.g past present future

CHILDHOOD – PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT

• Gross Motor Skills• Further develping

gross motor skills, playing with more complex toys

• Gross motor skills are larger movements babies and children make with their arms, legs, or feet, or entire body. So crawling, running and jumping are gross motor skills.

CHILDHOOD – PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT

Fine Motor SkillsFine motor skills are smaller actions. When a baby or child picks things up between his finger and thumb or wriggles his toes in the sand he's using his fine motor skills. But it's not just about fingers and toes. When he uses his lips and tongue to taste and feel objects he's using fine motor skills too

CHILDHOOD – PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT

How would you describe the movements of the babies/infants in the video? Coordinated or incoordinated? Controlled or uncontrolled?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3_1Dbg2555A

In the video which of these are fine motor skills and which are gross motor skills?

FINE MOTOR SKILLS OR GROSS MOTOR SKILLS?

FINE MOTOR SKILLS OR GROSS MOTOR SKILLS?

FINE MOTOR SKILLS OR GROSS MOTOR SKILLS?

FINE MOTOR SKILLS OR GROSS MOTOR SKILLS?

FINE MOTOR SKILLS OR GROSS MOTOR SKILLS?

CHILDHOOD – EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT

1 – Children start to loosen their bonds with main carers but still need their support – they start to test their independence

2 – Children will try to control their emotional responses and try to resolve conflict, this should be praised. Tantrums are just signs of frustration!

3 – Children start to show empathy and compassion which must be praised. They are able to say ‘I am happy’ or ‘I am sad’.

CHILDHOOD – SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

As children develop socially they go through what is called ‘socialisation’. Primary socialisation takes place within the family but relationships outside the family become more important as children grow older. Play is a very important part of socialisation.

TEENAGE / ADOLESCENCE (11 – 18)

TEENAGE / ADOLESCENCE (11-18)

• Physical Development – one to the most exciting (?!) times in a person’s life is during this phase. Chemicals in the body, called hormones, trigger many physical changes.

• What other changes do you think happen, apart from physical?

TEENAGE / ADOLESCENCE (11-18)

Intellectual development – Have a look at the video. What are the differences between the way a teenage brain works and an adult brain works?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f9Ya0mHsIgM

TEENAGE / ADOLESCENCE (11-18)

In your groups again discuss stages of Development

inteenagers experience (PIES)

TEENAGE/ADOLESCENCE 11-18

Emotional Development

TEENAGE/ADOLESCENCE 11-18

Teenage years are full of ‘storm and stress’, as many young people try to develop their own sense of identity and emotional intelligence.

Teenagers often feel misunderstood and may challenge boundaries, parent’s values which can be seen as rebellion.

Teenagers become less emotionally dependant on family and turn to friends instead for advice. The opinion of peers can affect self-esteem.

TEENAGE / ADOLESCENCE (11-18)

Social development

TEENAGE / ADOLESCENCE (11-18)

Social Development - in your groups discuss and answer the following questions

1) What do you think social intelligence is?

2) What factors can make adolescence even harder for some teenagers?

3) What is peer pressure and how can it make life difficult with families? (Use an example here).

ADULTHOOD 18-65

WHAT MAKES A ‘GROWN UP’

Is it easier to be an adult than a teenager?

Is it more stressful to be an adult?

Do you really know everything when you are an adult?

What pressures are on grown ups that teenagers don’t have?

What are the advantages of being an adult?...disadvantages?

stages of development for adults in relation to PIES? (discuss in your groups again)

ADULTHOOD - PHYSICAL

Most athletes are at their best in their mid twenties, after that they often have to retire.

From about the age of 30 though, the physical aging process begins to show...

GETTING OLDER...

Skin wrinkles....

Grey Hair....

Bones lose calcium

GETTING OLDER..

Adults - physical development

In your groups discuss and answer the following;

What is the menopause and how does it affect women?

What do we do to try and make ourselves look or feel younger?

Why do you think that people do this?

How far would you go to keep looking young?

ADULTS - INTELLECTUAL

You will know from past units that Intellectual development doesn’t stop and that it’s vital to keep us going (and sane!).

Discuss in PAIRS what adults can do to keep their minds stimulated.... Some hints are;

work, college, games, creativity....

ADULTS - INTELLECTUAL

Lets test your memory!

• GAME TIME: in pairs of 3

• Pick a team leader

• Team leader think of a famous person

• Rest of the group members think of 10 questions to ask your team leader about their chosen famous person e.g. is it a man? Is she an actress? Is he married? Is she over 30?

• Guess who it is!

• Remember you are not allowed to ask more than 10 questions – ask and guess wisely

• So how good do you think your memory is after that task?

ADULTS - EMOTIONAL

20’s and 30’s – most people think about meeting a partner, settling down, maybe starting a family.

Most young adults have the emotional maturity to cope with this. Could you cope with a family now? Why would it be harder for a teenager?

40’s onwards – people start to be aware of their aging, there are less job options, they may struggle to cope with physical aging. Their children might be leaving home.....

ADULTS - EMOTIONAL

For most people it’s a positive time and they can feel less pressured than when they were younger.

What other emotional developments do adults go through? .

ADULTS - SOCIAL

In your 20’s you have more time to socialise, friendships are very important, both same and opposite sex

Relationships can develop, both personal and public. Personal relationships can be family, friends and maybe a partner.

ADULTS - SOCIAL

Public relationships can be people you work

With....

ADULTS - SOCIAL

How many ways can you keep in touch with friends during this life stage? How might this be different for people in 65+ group now?

ADULTS - SOCIAL

For adults, work can be very important for social development. Meeting colleagues and working through problems together can be very rewarding.

NEXT LIFESTAGE.... 65+

65+

• Bodies start to wear out

• More needs as you get older – access to healthcare facilities/practical help

• Less mobile

• Need of more support

• Retirement

• Children moved away – loneliness

YOUR TASK

Scenario• You are a trainee health and social care support worker exploring the

everyday needs of individuals in the community. You need to produce a display for your local health centre that will help people understand their everyday needs.

• Produce a poster explaining Maslow’s Pyramid of Needs.

• Choose 3 characters from TV programmes, one from each life stage (infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood, later adulthood). For each character you will need to describe the life stage that they are in and outline their everyday Physical, Intellectual, Emotional and Social Needs (PIES).

HINTS:• Physical needs - Importance of e.g. food, water, shelter, warmth, exercise,

sleep, shelter, safety and security

• Intellectual needs - Learning, achievement, mental activity

• Emotional needs - Importance of e.g. relationships, affection, love, self-concept, fulfilment, respect

PLENARY

What life stage is Lola in?

What are her PIES needs?

OBJECTIVES MET?

You should now know the 5 different life

stages of human development

You should also know the basic needs in

relation to life stages and PIES