C M Y K Nxxx,2018-04-08,A,001,Bs-4C,E2

Thousands of internal documents unearthed in Iraq help explain how the Islamic Statestayed in power so long. Above, Muhammad Nasser Hamoud, whose agriculture agencywas seized by ISIS, in the remains of the department’s office in Mosul. A SPECIAL SECTION

THE ISIS FILESIVOR PRICKETT FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

Victoria Toline would hunchover the kitchen table, steady herhands and draw a bead of liquidfrom a vial with a small dropper. Itwas a delicate operation that hadbecome a daily routine — extract-ing ever tinier doses of the anti-depressant she had taken forthree years, on and off, and wasdesperately trying to quit.

“Basically that’s all I have beendoing — dealing with the dizzi-ness, the confusion, the fatigue, allthe symptoms of withdrawal,”said Ms. Toline, 27, of Tacoma,Wash. It took nine months to weanherself from the drug, Zoloft, bytaking increasingly smaller doses.

“I couldn’t finish my college de-gree,” she said. “Only now am Ifeeling well enough to try to re-en-ter society and go back to work.”

Long-term use of antidepress-ants is surging in the UnitedStates, according to a new analy-sis of federal data by The NewYork Times. Some 15.5 millionAmericans have been taking themedications for at least five years.The rate has almost doubled since

2010, and more than tripled since2000.

Nearly 25 million adults, likeMs. Toline, have been on anti-depressants for at least two years,a 60 percent increase since 2010.

The drugs have helped millionsof people ease depression andanxiety, and are widely regardedas milestones in psychiatric treat-ment. Many, perhaps most, peoplestop the medications without sig-

nificant trouble. But the rise inlongtime use is also the result ofan unanticipated and growingproblem: Many who try to quitsay they cannot because of with-

The Murky Perils of Quitting Antidepressants After Years of UseBy BENEDICT CAREY

and ROBERT GEBELOFF

Victoria Toline, 27, fought withdrawal symptoms in the nine months it took to wean herself off Zoloft.RUTH FREMSON/THE NEW YORK TIMES

Continued on Page 17

WASHINGTON — As Presi-dent Trump moves to fulfill one ofthe central promises of his cam-paign — to get tough on an as-cendant China — he faces a poten-tial rebellion from a core constitu-ency: farmers and other agricul-tural producers who could sufferdevastating losses in a trade war.

Mr. Trump’s threat to imposetariffs on Chinese goods camewith a presidential declarationthat trade wars are good and easi-ly won. But the action has injecteddamaging uncertainty into theeconomy as Republicans are al-ready struggling to maintain theirhold on the House and the Senatein a difficult election year.

While the battle for control ofthe House will be waged in largepart in the suburbs, rural districtsin Southern Illinois, Iowa, Arkan-sas and Missouri could prove im-portant. And control of the Senatecould come down to Republicanefforts to unseat Democrats inNorth Dakota, Indiana, Missouriand Montana — all states staringdown the barrels of a trade war’sguns.

With farmers angry and wor-ried as China vows to retaliate,many Republicans find them-selves torn between loyalty to apresident who remains broadlypopular in rural states and the de-mands of constituents, especiallyfarmers, to oppose his tariffs.

In North Dakota, a majorsoybean-producing state, Repre-sentative Kevin Cramer, a Repub-lican who is running for the Sen-ate, sounded restrained this pastweek when he urged Mr. Trump to

FARMERS TENSE AND G.O.P. TORN OVER TRADE WAR

HEARTLAND AT HIGH RISK

Tough Stance With ChinaRaises Economic and

Electoral Concerns

By SHERYL GAY STOLBERGand ANA SWANSON

Continued on Page 16

For months before an open-sided helicopter capsized in theEast River, drowning five pas-sengers who had been strappedinside, pilots for the company thatoperated the flight warned theirbosses about dangerous condi-tions, including equipment thatcould make escape difficult.

The pilots repeatedly requestedmore suitable safety gear, withone pilot writing in an email tocompany management that “weare setting ourselves up for fail-ure” by using sometimes poorlyfitting harnesses. That pilot madea series of recommendations — in-cluding one four days before thefatal accident — for new tools thatwould allow passengers to moreeasily free themselves in case ofan emergency, according to com-pany emails, other internal docu-ments and interviews.

The internal documents re-viewed by The New York Timesindicate that executives for thecompany, FlyNYON, bristled at

the pilots’ concerns, insisting thatthe operation, which offered thechance to snap selfies while lean-ing out over the city, was safe.

“Let me be clear, this isn’t asafety issue with the harnesses,”Patrick K. Day, the chief executiveof FlyNYON, said in a Januaryemail exchange with pilots whohad raised concerns.

Mr. Day, in a statement to TheTimes, rejected the idea “that any-one at FlyNYON did not heed is-sues raised by pilots at LibertyHelicopter” — an affiliated com-

Pilots Described Harness DangerMonths Before Helicopter Crash

By KENNETH P. VOGEL and PATRICK McGEEHAN

Continued on Page 15

The copter before it took off onits doomed flight on March 11.

ERIC ADAMS

Home to one of the world’s oldest Jew-ish communities, Bukhara, Uzbekistan,now has only 100 to 150 Jews left andclinging to the faith. PAGE 11

INTERNATIONAL 4-11

Jews Dwindle in Fabled CityOver $1 million in compensation wassupposed to help two brothers rebuildtheir lives. Instead, the money madethem a target. PAGE 12

NATIONAL 12-19

Wrongly Jailed, Then FleecedPatrick Reed sits atop the leaderboardat 14 under par. Rory McIlroy, lookingfor the final piece of a career grandslam, is three shots behind. PAGE 1

SPORTSSUNDAY

McIlroy Stays in Masters HuntAmid a growing disillusionment withhigher education, thousands of institu-tions are scrambling to adapt to a rap-idly changing landscape. PAGE 4

SPECIAL SECTION

Reinventing the University Madeleine Albright PAGE 1

SUNDAY REVIEW

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RICHMOND, Va. — Before thefirst hearings on the morningdocket, the line starts to clog thelobby of the John MarshallCourthouse. No cellphones areallowed inside, but many of thepeople who have been sum-moned do not learn that untilthey arrive. “Put it in your car,”the sheriff’s deputies suggest atthe metal detector. That advice isno help to renters who havecome by bus. To make it inside,some tuck their phones in thebushes nearby.

This courthouse handles everyeviction in Richmond, a city withone of the highest eviction rates

in the country, according to newdata covering dozens of statesand compiled by a team led bythe Princeton University sociolo-gist Matthew Desmond.

Two years ago, Mr. Desmondturned eviction into a nationaltopic of conversation with“Evicted,” a book that chronicledthe descent of poor families wholost their homes in Milwaukee.

But no one could say howwidespread the problem was.Now Mr. Desmond has built adatabase of millions of courtrecords, and it’s clear even in his

Sweeping Portrait of EvictionBares Pervasive Pattern of Woe

By EMILY BADGER and QUOCTRUNG BUI

Continued on Page 18

CURITIBA, Brazil — Aftervowing for months that a convic-tion on corruption charges wouldnot stand in the way of his bid for athird term as Brazil’s leader, for-mer President Luiz Inácio Lula daSilva surrendered to the police onSaturday evening to begin serv-ing a 12-year sentence.

His imprisonment was an igno-minious turn in the remarkablepolitical career of Mr. da Silva, theson of illiterate farmworkers whofaced down Brazil’s military dicta-

tors as a unionleader andhelped build atransforma-tional leftistparty that gov-erned Brazil formore than 13years.

His detentionwas also a mo-mentous devel-

opment in the coming election inBrazil, upending the race to re-place President Michel Temer inOctober.

Having carved out a sustainedand ample lead in the polls, Mr. daSilva promised his followers thatthe Workers’ Party could onceagain wrest control of Brazil’s des-tiny, and prioritize policies to nar-row the country’s steep inequality.

Succeeding would have been astunning comeback after the 2016impeachment of Mr. da Silva’shandpicked successor, DilmaRousseff. She was replaced by Mr.Temer, a deeply unpopular center-right politician who also standsaccused of corruption.

Mr. da Silva is the first formerBrazilian president to be re-manded into custody since de-mocracy was restored in themid-1980s and the first former

BRAZIL’S EX-CHIEFENDS A STANDOFFTO REPORT TO JAIL

STARTS SERVING 12 YEARS

A Corruption ConvictionUpends a Comeback

Bid for a 3rd Term

This article is by Manuela An-dreoni, Ernesto Londoño andShasta Darlington.

Continued on Page 9

da Silva

E.P.A. ROLLBACKS Courts havestruck down orders by ScottPruitt, the E.P.A. chief, to reverseor delay Obama-era rules. PAGE 16

The Denver Post is in open re-volt against its owner.

Angry and frustrated journal-ists at the 125-year-old newspapertook the extraordinary step thisweekend of publicly blasting itsNew York-based hedge-fundowner and making the case for itsown survival in several articlesthat went online Friday and arescheduled to run in The Post’sSunday opinion section.

“News matters,” the main head-line reads. “Colo. should demandthe newspaper it deserves.”

The bold tactic was born out of adissatisfaction not uncommon innewsrooms across the country as

newspapers grapple with the lossof revenue that has followed thedecline of print.

The move at The Post followed aprolonged, slow-burning rebellionat The Los Angeles Times, wherejournalists agitated against thepaper’s owner, the media com-pany Tronc. Newsroom com-plaints about Tronc’s leadershiphelped lead to the sale of the news-paper to a billionaire medical en-trepreneur, Dr. Patrick Soon-Sh-iong, who had been a major share-holder in Tronc.

For many publications that do

Denver Post, Gutted by Layoffs, Prints Rebuke of Its Ownership

By SYDNEY EMBER

Continued on Page 19

Late Edition

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