To infinity and beyond!To infinity and beyond!

011003 HNi

Eco-MarathonEco-Marathon

Records:Eco-Marathon in a nutshell:• The principle of the race is to use as little fuel as possible during the race on

a given distance to be covered within a given time according to the regulations. The results are given by measuring the fuel consumed during the attempt.

• The only fuels that may be used are commercial unleaded 98-octane fuel or - diesel. These fuels are supplied by the organizers. Fuel must be used alone with no additives; only the power produced in the engine by its combustion with air can be used for propulsion, with the exception of factors considered natural, such as wind and gradient. All intentional changes to the aerodynamic form of the vehicle during the race are prohibited

• Two Eco-Marathon competition classes:– Open class: General structural regulations– Basic class: General structural regulations + additional limitations:

• Materials of the carrying structures: steel, aluminium, plywood, wood, use of any fibre material is forbidden

• Bodywork (non carrying structure): glass fibre, wood, plastic, steel, aluminium, fabrics• Engine: factory made origin,modification of factory made parts is allowed, electronic control

systems with feedback are not allowed

• International competitions: (Nogaro (F), Bryssel (B), Rockingham (GB), Suzuka (J), Nokian Tyres Ltd test track (FIN)), over 600 competing teams all over the world

Open class WR:

3962km/lFancy Carol (J)Hiroshima (J), 2003

Basic class WR:

2204km/lBS Mileage Marathon (FIN)Nogaro (F), 2002

Diesel WR:

2572km/lOptima Racing (F)Nokian Tyres Ltd test track (FIN), 2001

Basic class FR:

2204 km/lBS Mileage Marathon (FIN)Nogaro (F) 2002

Diesel FR:

2455km/lBS Mileage Marathon (FIN)Nokia (FIN), 2003

011003 HNi

BS Mileage MarathonBS Mileage Marathon

Mission BS Mileage Marathon was founded in 1996. It's headquarters are

located in Lempäälä Finland.

The aim of the team is to built and develop eco-marathon vehicles to be as economic as possible and to thrive as well as possible in international races in basic class category.

In addition to the everyday work the team promotes its co-operative partners and offers an opportunity for the members for creative inventions and problem solving, as well as for applying the learned skills in demanding technical applications.

BS Mileage MarathonIisakinkuja 3 AFIN - 37560 LempääläFINLAND

Tel. +358 3 316 0551 http://www.saunalahti.fi/~fmmc/BSMM

2455 km/l0,407dl/100 km

BS03 'Velociraptor'

1561km/l0,641dl/100km

BS02 'T-Rex'1200km/l0,833dl/100km

BS02a1071km/l

0,933dl/100kmBS01c

642km/l1,557dl/100km

BS01b479km/l

2,087dl/100kmBS01a

1726km/l0,579dl/100km

BS02 'T-Rex'

2245km/l0,445dl/100km

BS02 'T-Rex'

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

km/l

011003 HNi

Eco-Marathon competitionEco-Marathon competition

Case: CIRCUIT PAUL RICARD - LE CASTELLET• Six 3208m laps, total race distance 19248m • Total time 48’00’’, average speed 25km/h• Height difference 16m• 25 accelerations

Driving technique: The competitors must complete a given distance (usually 15-20km) at a minimum average speed of 25 km/h or 20 km/h

(only in France). Switching off the engine and rolling on neutral are allowed during the race.

Acceleration 1.8s, 20-33km/h

Acceleration 2.9s, 18-33km/h

Acceleration 3.9s, 20-36km/h

Acceleration 4.2s, 21-25km/h

Starting acceleration15s, 0-25km/h

= Uphill

011003 HNi

Technical factorsRollingresistance

Aerodynamics

Efficiency of thetransmission system

Contol-systems

Surfacequality

Shape

Referencearea

Tyres

Bearings

Wheelangles

Efficiency ofthe engine

Weight

Thermalefficiency

Mechanicalefficiency

Fuel saving - Technical factorsFuel saving - Technical factors

Good Eco-Marathon vehicle...• … has good rolling properties• … has an engine with high efficiency• … has low air resistance• … is light (1kg 0,5% of result)• … is result reliable

Efficiencycoefficient

011003 HNi

Human factors

Mistakes

Team

Product quality

Partners

Driver

Driving skills

Fuel saving - Human factorsFuel saving - Human factors

Good Eco-Marathon driver...• … is capable to drive constant performances• … ’sees’ profiles of the track and notices changing weather conditions• … is capable to make concrete adjustment suggestions based on driving• … have reserves of strenght - saves ’the last drop’ in strict competition situation

011003 HNi

BumpsCoarseness

Type of surface

Environmental factors

Climate Track

Profile

X Y

Temperature

AirTrack

Air humidity

Barometricpressure

Wind

Speed

DirectionSurface quality

Fuel saving - Environmental factorsFuel saving - Environmental factors

Optimal weather conditions:• Dry surface• Partly clouded• High barometric pressure• High air humidity• Calm• Air temperature 20-25°C

Record track:• Quite old, smooth tarmac surface• Small height differences - as constant

speed as possible• No tight corners, acceleration points on

the straights

011003 HNi

Factors affecting to fuel consumptionFactors affecting to fuel consumption

• Use of best components and materials

• Non-compromising design

• Automatization• Standardization• Quality of the tools• Training

• Minimization of the environmental factors by means of design

• Control systems

Technical factors Environmental factorsHuman factors

Automatization

dtv

dtvBgamvAcgfmbB

rwv

e

e

sin2

cos1 2

Fuel consumption Engine

TransmissionRolling resistance

Air resistance Ascent resistanceAccelerating power Braking resistance

011003 HNi

Air resistance vs.rollig resistanceAir resistance vs.rollig resistance

Air resistance and rolling resistance vs. the speed of the vehicle

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110

Speed [km/h]

Res

ista

nce

[N]

Air resistance

Rolling resistance

011003 HNi

BS02 ’T-Rex’ (-99)BS02 ’T-Rex’ (-99)

General technical data

Layout One driving rearwheel, two steering front wheels

Chassis Self-carrying, D-box -type structure made of aluminium, 9,5kg

Bodywork Fully covering bodywork. Materials: glass fibre, balsawood(reinforcements), 7,5kg

Transmission Single stage, single speed chain transmission, centrifugal clutch oncrankshaft, freewheel on rearwheel

Tyres Michelin 44-406 Eco-Marathon, latex –inner tyres

Brakes Hydraulic bicycle brakes, double circuit system

Weight 66kg without driver

Engine

Type Yanmar L40AE-DE diesel engine, four strokeTechnical data Cylinder displacement: 199cm3, output: 2,5kW / 3000RPM,

compression ratio 22

Lubrication system Wet sump lubrication system, Shell Helix Ultra diesel 5W-40 oil

Fuel system Direct fuel injection, volume of the fuel system 30ml

Electric system 12V 16Ah lead gel battery, electric starter

011003 HNi

BS03 ’Velociraptor’ (-03)BS03 ’Velociraptor’ (-03)

General technical data

Layout One driving rearwheel, two steering front wheels

Chassis Self-carrying, D-box -type structure made of high strength steel, 8,5kg

Bodywork Fully covering bodywork. Materials: glass fibre, balsawood(reinforcements), 5,5kg

Transmission Single stage, single speed chain transmission, centrifugal clutch oncrankshaft, freewheel on rearwheel

Tyres Michelin Radial Eco-Marathon, tubeless

Brakes Hydraulic disc brakes, double circuit system

Weight 62kg without driver

Engine

Type Yanmar L40AE-DE diesel engine, four strokeTechnical data Cylinder displacement: 199cm3, output: 2,5kW / 3000RPM,

compression ratio 22

Lubrication system Wet sump lubrication system, Shell Helix Ultra diesel 5W-40 oil

Fuel system Direct fuel injection, volume of the fuel system 30ml

Electric system 12V 16Ah lead gel battery, electric starter

011003 HNi