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To be or not to be? To be or not to be? So far we have learned two ways to express the concept of “to be”: ser estar In this slide show, we’ll look more closely at the differences between these two verbs.

To be or not to be?

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To be or not to be?. So far we have learned two ways to express the concept of “to be”: ser estar In this slide show, we’ll look more closely at the differences between these two verbs. Ser. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: To be or not to be?

To be or not to be?To be or not to be?

So far we have learned two ways to express the concept of “to be”:

serestar

In this slide show, we’ll look more closely at the differences between these two verbs.

Page 2: To be or not to be?

SerSer

Let’s start with ser, the first verb we learned. This verb is used to talk about essential things (essential ≈ es).Think of the acronym T.O.P.I.C.T.O.P.I.C.

Page 3: To be or not to be?

TTimeime

The first letter of T.O.P.I.C.T.O.P.I.C. stands for “time.” When we talk about time in Spanish, we always use ser:

¿Qué hora es?Son las 3:30.Hoy es lunes.

Page 4: To be or not to be?

OOriginrigin

The second letter of T.O.P.I.C.T.O.P.I.C. stands for “origin.” We use ser to talk about where people are from:

Soy de Chicago.Marta es venezolana.

Page 5: To be or not to be?

PProfessionsrofessions

We can also use ser to talk about people’s jobs:

Mi hermano es ingeniero.Ellas son profesoras.

Page 6: To be or not to be?

IIdentificationdentification

The fourth letter of T.O.P.I.C.T.O.P.I.C. refers to “identification.” This can be used to name people:

Ella es mi prima.places:

Springfield es la capital de Illinois.things:

¿Qué tipo de animal es? Es un león.

and events (“takes place”)La fiesta es en la casa de Alicia.

Page 7: To be or not to be?

IIdentificationdentification

You also use ser to identify possession (i.e., who owns what):

Es mi diccionario.Esta no es mi calculadora.

Page 8: To be or not to be?

CCharacteristicsharacteristics

The fifth and final letter of T.O.P.I.C.T.O.P.I.C. stands for permanent “characteristics”:

El perro es inteligente.El perro es blanco y marrón.El perro es simpático.

Page 9: To be or not to be?

CCharacteristicsharacteristics

This use also includes descriptions of people, places, and things:

Marcos y Flora son fuertes.Chicago es una ciudad grande.La clase de español es divertida.

Page 10: To be or not to be?

T.O.P.I.C.T.O.P.I.C.

To review, the main uses of ser include:

TTimeimeOOriginriginPProfessionsrofessionsIIdentificationdentificationCCharacteristicsharacteristics

There are other uses, too, There are other uses, too, but this acronym covers but this acronym covers the most important cases!the most important cases!

Page 11: To be or not to be?

EstarEstar

Now we can look at estar. This verb is used to talk about states (estar ≈ state).Think of the acronym P.L.A.C.E.P.L.A.C.E.

Page 12: To be or not to be?

PPositionosition

The first letter of the acronym P.L.A.C.E. P.L.A.C.E. stands for “position.” We use estar when we talk about where something is located, whether it is there temporarily…

David está en el desierto.Juana no está en clase hoy.Mi abuelo está en casa.

Page 13: To be or not to be?

LLocationocation

… or permanently located there (the second letter of P.L.A.C.E.P.L.A.C.E.):

Chicago está en Illinois.La iglesia está en la Avenida Foster.Madrid está en España.

Page 14: To be or not to be?

AActionction

The third letter of P.L.A.C.E.P.L.A.C.E. stands for “action.” We use estar when we are talking about actions that are occurring at the moment of speaking (sometimes referred to as the “present continuous” or “present progressive”):

Laura está esquiando.Humbero está leyendo la Biblia.Estamos mirando una película.

Page 15: To be or not to be?

CConditionondition

The fourth letter of P.L.A.C.E.P.L.A.C.E. stands for “condition.” We use estar to talk about temporary states (for example, health):

Enrique está enfermo.Mis padres están cansados.¿Cómo estás?

Page 16: To be or not to be?

EEmotionmotion

The last letter of P.L.A.C.E.P.L.A.C.E. stands for “emotion.” We use estar to talk about feelings and emotions.

Alicia está enfadada.Lorenzo y María están contentos.Estoy nervioso porque tengo un examen de literatura.

Page 17: To be or not to be?

P.L.A.C.E.P.L.A.C.E.

To review, the main uses of estar include:

PPositionositionLLocationocationAActionctionCConditiononditionEEmotionmotion

There are other uses, too, There are other uses, too, but this acronym covers the but this acronym covers the most important cases!most important cases!

Page 18: To be or not to be?

Let’s practice!Let’s practice!

Choose the correct form according to the context.¿Cómo es/está tu hermano?Es/Está enfermo. Hoy es/está en el hospital para una prueba de sangre (blood test).

Page 19: To be or not to be?

¿Ser o estar?¿Ser o estar?

¿Cómo está tu hermano?Está enfermo. Hoy está en el hospital para una prueba de sangre (blood test).

Why?Condition/condition/location

Page 20: To be or not to be?

Otro, por favor…Otro, por favor…

¿De quién (whose) es/está el disco compacto?¿Cuál? (which one)El disco compacto que es/está en el escritorio. Es/Está negro. Creo que es/está de Julio.

Page 21: To be or not to be?

¡Muy bien!¡Muy bien!

¿De quién es el disco compacto?¿Cuál?El disco compacto que está en el escritorio. Es negro. Creo que es de Julio.

Why?identification/position/

characteristic/identification

Page 22: To be or not to be?

Here’s another!Here’s another!

¿Dónde es/está Ana?Es/está en el parque. Es/Está con Nuria.¿Qué son/están haciendo allí?Son/están jugando al tenis.

Page 23: To be or not to be?

Last one!Last one!

¿Dónde está Ana?Está en el parque. Está con Nuria.¿Qué están haciendo allí?Están jugando al tenis.

Why?Location/location/location/

action/action

Page 24: To be or not to be?

Eso es todo!Eso es todo!

That’s enough for now about ser and estar. Be vigilant of these two verbs; try to guess which letter of the two acronyms is most applicable in every case.

Page 25: To be or not to be?

¡Gracias!¡Gracias!

Thanks to Lisa Jones (FLTEACH listserve member) for the acronyms!