TNPSC - vetriias.com IAS Study Circle (CURRENT AFFAIRS) Main Office at Vetrii IAS Study Circle New No.1, 9th Street, F Block, 1st Avenue, Chinthamani, Anna Nagar (E),

Vetrii IAS Study Circle

(CURRENT AFFAIRS)

Main Office atVetrii IAS Study Circle

New No.1, 9th Street, F Block, 1st Avenue, Chinthamani, Anna Nagar (E),Chennai - 600 102

- 044-26265326 - 9600124042 / 9840097666

www.vetriias.com

Vetrii IAS Study CircleNo.189/1, Meyanoor Road, Near ARRS Multiplex,

Opp. Venkateshwara Complex, Salem - 4 0427-2330307 / 9442740307

Vetrii IAS Study Circle15/1, Kahiresan Kovil Road,

AEO Office Upstairs, Kovilpatti - 628502 9003790335

Our Branches

TNPSC

2017

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VETRII IAS STUDY CIRCLEF Block New No. 1, 9th Street,1st Avenue Main Road, Chinthamani,Anna Nagar (E), Chennai - 102.Phone: 044 - 26265326 / 9600124042 / 9840097666www.vetriias.comE-Mail: [email protected], [email protected]

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gq;Nfw;w $l;L th;j;jff; FOf;

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14


108 gDA[_ wk > | k] 108 Mk;Gyd;];fspy; miog;ghshpd; ,lj;ij Mk;Gyd;]; xl;Leh; fz;lwpAk; trjpia kj;jpa Rfhjhu mikr;rfj;jpd; fPo; nray;gLk; Njrpa Rfhjhu ,af;fk; (vd;vr;vk;) mwpKfk; nra;Js;sJ. Nrhjid mbg;gilapy; uh[];jhdpy; XLk; 108 Mk;Gyd;];fspy; ,J mky;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ.

uh[];jhdpy; 108 Mk;Gyd;];fs; nkhj;jk; 740 cs;sd. ehL KOtjpYk; Rkhh; 23>000 Mk;Gyd;];fs; cs;sd.

{F]B ]mV ] kBm kDA ]A Njrpa Xa;T+jpaj; jpl;lj;jpy; NrUtjw;fhd mjpfgl;r taJ tuk;G 60 tajpypUe;J 65 tajhf mjpfhpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. xa;T+jpa epjp xOq;FKiw kw;Wk; Nfhl;ghl;L Mizak; rhh;gpy; mwptpg;G ntspaplg;gl;Ls;sJ. Xa;T+jpaj; jpl;lj;jpd; xg;ge;jj;jjhuh FO Njrpa Xa;T+jpaj; jpl;lk; jw;NghJ 18 taJ 60 taJf;Fl;gl;lth;fSf;F kl;Lk; nray;gl;LtUfpwJ. mjDila mjpfgl;r taJ tuk;ig 60 tajpypUe;J 65 tajhf khw;Wtjw;F Xa;T+jpa epjp xOq;FKiw Mizak; KbT nra;Js;sJ. vq;fSila Mizaj;jpd; KbTf;F Xa;T+jpa xOq;FgLj;Jk; FO xg;Gjy; mspj;Js;sJ.

,g;gpur;rhuk; FbePh; kw;Wk; Rfhjhu mikr;rfk; %yk; xUq;fpize;J ];tr;r ghuj; tp\d; $l;lj;jpw;F Vw;ghL nra;ag;gl;lJ.

,g;gpur;rhuj;jpd; Nehf;fk; MdJ Rfhjhuj;jpw;fhd kf;fs; ,af;fk; xU Rj;jkhd ,e;jpahit cUthf;f kf;fis mzpjpul;LtJk; tYT+l;LtJk; MFk;.

2014 mf;Nlhgh; 2 Mk; Njjp J}a;ik ,e;jpah jpl;lk; gpujkh; eNue;jpu Nkhb mth;fshy; njhlq;fpitf;fg;gl;lJ.

,jd; %d;whk; Mz;bd; njhlf;fj;ijnahl;b nrg;lk;gh; 15 Kjy; mf;Nlhgh; 2-Mk; Njjp tiuapyhd 15 ehs;fs; J}a;ik jpdq;fshff; nfhz;lhlg;gl;l cs;sd. ,e;j 15 ehl;fSk; ‘J}a;ikNa Nrit” vd;w ngahpyhd ,e;jg; gpurhu ,af;fk; njhlq;fg;glTs;sJ.

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15


\B\l[ \K E]_ V> >]B V ]V cj;jug;gpuNjrk; khepyj;ij Nru;e;jtu; mgu;zh Fkhh; b.I.[pahf

gzpGupe;J tUfpwhh;.

cyfpd; caukhd rpfuq;fspy; 8-tJ ,lj;jpy; cs;s kd];Ytpy; mgu;zh Fkhh; Vwp rhjid gilj;Js;shh;. kd];Y rpfuj;jpy; Vwpa Kjy; ,e;jpag; ngz; vd;w ngUikiaAk; ngw;whh;.

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Pencil Portal gpd;tUk; $Wfis nfhz;Ls;sJ.

Foe;ij fz;fhzpg;G mikg;G

Gfhh; fhh;dh;

khepy muR

Njrpa Foe;ij njhopyhsh; jpl;lk;

"\V, V, ]z ]B z\: \]B x' tq;fhs Njrkhd> fpof;F ghfp];jhdpypUe;J> 50 Mz;LfSf;F

Kd;> ,e;jpahtpy; mUzhr;ry; gpuNjr khepyj;jpy;> jQ;rkile;j. ‘rf;kh> `N[hq;“ mfjpfSf;F> ,e;jpa FbAhpik toq;f> kj;jpa muR KbT nra;Js;sJ.

mth;fSf;F epy chpik toq;fg;gl khl;lhJ gazk; nra;tjw;Fk;> Ntiy nra;tjw;fhd mDkjp kl;Lk; toq;fg;gLk; vd njhptpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

1947-71 tiu> tq;fNjr ehL> fpof;F ghfp];jhdhf ,Ue;jJ. rpl;lfhq; kiyg;gFjpapy; trpj;J te;jth;fs; rf;kh kw;Wk; ̀ N[hq; ,d kf;fs;. ghfp];jhd; murhy;> rpj;utijf;F cs;shfp> 5>000 Ngh;> 1967y;> mfjpfshf ,e;jpahTf;F te;jdh;.

16


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Kf;fpa Fwpg;G

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> k B |z> >\ \

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eh;kij Mw;wpd; FWf;Nf miz fl;l ehl;bd; KjyhtJ gpujkh; [`th;yhy; NeU 1961-k; Mz;L Vg;uy; 5e; Njjp mbf;fy; ehl;bdh;. nkhj;jk; 30 kjFfisf; nfhz;lJ. ,e;j kjFfis %Ltjw;F 1 kzp NeukhFk;.

rh;jhh; rNuhth; miz fl;l nkhj;jk; &.16>000 Nfhb nrytplg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,e;j miz fl;Lkhdj;Jf;F vjpuhf Nkjh gl;fh; jiyikapy; ngUk; Nghuhl;lk; eilngw;wJ. ,e;j miz fl;Lkhdj;Jf;F vjpuhf tof;FfSk; njhlug;gl;ld.

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cj;jugpuNjr khepyk;> fhz;G+upy; ‘J}a;ikNa Nrit” vd;w gpurhuj;ij ,\;thhp fQ;r; vd;w fpuhkj;jpy; Fbau-Rj; jiytu; uhk;ehj; Nfhtpe;j; njhlq;fp itj;jhh;.

cz>\V? #F\B k (kV VF kV)

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17


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2017 gpgh cyf Nfhg;ig fhy;ge;J Nghl;b mLj;j khjk; njhlq;FfpwJ. ,jid Kjd; Kiwahf ,e;jpah njhFj;J toq;FfpwJ. ,Wjpg; Nghl;b nfhy;fj;jhtpy; cs;s rhy;l; Nyf; ];Nlbaj;jpy; mf;Nlhgh; 28k; Njjp eilngWfpwJ.

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V g[ _ z]l_ VmV_ ~| V flNyhug; ghJfhg;Gg; gilapdh; ,e;jpaf; fly; gFjpfisj; jPtpukhff; fz;fhzpj;J tUfpd;wdh;. ,e;epiyapy; ehL KOtJk; r[hf; MgNu\d; vd;w ngahpy; flNyhug; ghJfhg;Gg; gilapdh;. ,e;jpaf; fly; gFjpfis mjpetPd glFfs; %yk; fz;fhzpf;Fk; gzp ele;J tUfpwJ.

A: ,e;jpahtpd; njd; Kidahf fd;dpahFkhp khtl;lk; ,Uf;fpwJ. fly; rhh;e;j Rw;Wyhj; jykhd fd;dpahFkhpapy; jPtputhjpfs; CLUtiyj; jLf;fTk;. MAjq;fs; kw;Wk; Nghijg; nghUs;fs; flj;jg;gLtij jLf;fTk;. r[hf; Mg;Nu\d; flNyhug; ghJfhg;Gg; gilahy; elj;jg;gl;L tUfpwJ. mjd;gb fd;dpahFkhpapy; r[hf; MgNu\d; ele;jJ.

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18


z Vm _ kwBm ]BV,e;jpa flNyhu fg;gy; gilapy; Nuhe;Jf;f fg;gyhd tUzh

,yq;iff;F toq;fg;gl;lJ.

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Nfush khepyk;> nfhr;rpapy; eilngw;w epfo;r;rpapy; ,yq;if flNyhu fhty; gilapd; jiyik ,af;Feh; rke;j tpkyhJq;Nftplk; ,e;jf; fg;gy; Kiwg;gb xg;gilf;fg;gl;lJ.

Fwpg;G: ,jw;F Kd;G ,yq;iff;F ,e;jpah 2 fg;giy toq;fpaJ. fle;j 2006 Vg;uypy; tufh vd;w fg;giyAk; 2008 Mf];l;by; tpf;u`h vd;w fg;giyAk; toq;fpaJ. jw;NghJ fg;gy; tUzh toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

kV| u >mz \]l_ >\ _ sDE c]

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,yq;ifapy; nfhOk;G JiwKfk;> mk;ghe;Njhl;il JiwKf Nkk;ghl;Lj; jpl;lq;fis rPdh Nkw;nfhz;L tUfpwJ. JiwKf Nkk;ghl;Lj; jpl;lk; vd;w ngahpy; ntspehLfspy; rPdh jdJ flw;gilj; jsj;Jf;F mbj;jsk; mikj;J tUfpwJ. ghfp];jhd;> kpahd;kh;> tq;fNjrj;jpy; ,JNghy; JiwKf jpl;lq;fis rPdh Nkw;nfhz;L tUfpwJ.

VNBVz 14000 A]B zlA^td;Kiwiaj; njhlh;e;J fle;j rpy thuhq;fshf kpahd;khpypUe;J

Nuh`pq;fahf;fs; kpahd;khpypUe;J ntspNawp mz;il ehlhd tq;fNjrj;jpy; Gfyplk; Njb te;j tz;zk; cs;sdh;. Vw;nfdNt Rkhh; 2 yl;rk; mfjpfs; fhf;]; g[hh; efUf;FntspNa mikf;fg;gl;l mfjp Kfhk;fspy; jq;f itf;fg;gl;Ls;sdh;. ,e;j epiyapy; fle;J Rkhh; %d;W thu fhyj;jpy; kl;LNk 4 yl;rk; mfjpfs; te;Js;sdh;.

19


{F D \]B BVz c>D A]B g kj;jpa murpy; gzpahw;wp Xa;T ngWgth;fSf;F Nru Ntz;ba ngd;\d; kw;Wk; ,jug; gzg; gyd;fs; fpilg;gjpy; cs;s eilKiw rpf;fy;fis fisa Gjpa Mg;]; mwpKfk; nra;ag;gLfpwJ.

nly;ypapy; eilngWk; epfo;r;rpapy; Xa;T+jpajhuh;fs; eyj;Jiw ,iz ke;jphp [pj;Nje;jpuh rpq; ,e;j nraypia ntspapl;L mwpKfg;gLj;jp itf;fpwhh;.

xa;T ngwTs;s kj;jpa muR Copah;fs; jq;fs; Jiwapy; Mw;wpa Nrit njhlh;ghd mDgtq;fis gpw mjpfhhpfSld; gfph;e;J nfhs;Sk; mDgt; jpl;lj;jpd; fPo; 17 Xa;T+jpajhuh;fSf;F mDgt; 17 tpUJfisAk; [pj; Nje;jpuh rpq; toq;Fthh; vd kj;jpa muR njhptpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

]BV uz lV | luE ,e;jpah ,yq;if flw;gilfSf;F ,ilapyhd 52tJ $l;Lg; gapw;rp tprhfg;gl;bdj;jpy; Muk;gkhfpAs;sJ.

,e;jf; $l;L gapw;rpf;F SLINEX - 2017 vd;W ngahplg;gl;Ls;sJ. SLINEX $l;Lg; gapw;rp Mz;L NjhWk; ,e;jpa-,yq;if flw;gilfSf;F ,ilapy; elj;jg;gl;L tUfpwJ.

$l;Lg; gapw;rp tUk; 14 Mk; ehs; tiu njhlh;e;J ,lk; ngWk;.

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‘nVk V” m xD ‘Iuhtj; fpsg; fpsh];” NgUe;J> ngq;f@hpy; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ.

,J ehl;bNyNa kpfTk; ePskhd NgUe;jhFk;.

,e;j NgUe;jpd; ePsk; 14.5 kPl;lh;. ,jpy;> 51 ,Uf;iffs; cs;sd. xU g];]pd; tpiy> 1.07 Nfhb &gha;. ,g;g];rpy;> %d;W ‘b.tp> Vrp”> xt;nthU ,Uf;ifapYk;> ‘rhh;[pq;: Ml;Nlh fpah; buhd;];kp\d;> 410 Fjpiu rf;jp ,d;[pd; Mfpa trjpfs; cs;sd.

cz >\V?ghujpa [djh fl;rp rhu;gpy; ehnlq;fpYk;

gpujku; eNue;jpu Nkhbapd; 67tJ gpwe;jehis Nrthjpdkhf nfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ.

20


sm \uD k V_ \ukz c>s FD V|^ Bo_ ]BV 81km ]uz x[uD ,e;j Mz;Lf;fhd Ma;twpf;if rkPgj;jpy; ntspaplg;gl;lJ. mjpy; ehd;fhtJ Mz;lhd kpahd;kh; njhlh;e;J Kjyplj;jpy; cs;sJ. 91 tJ ,lj;jpy; ,Ue;j ,e;jpah 81tJ ,lj;jpw;F Kd;NdwpAs;sJ.

Fwpg;G : gphpl;ld; jiyefh; yz;ldpy; efhpy; cs;s xU jdpahh; njhz;L epWtdk; Mz;L NjhWk; kw;wth;fSf;F cjTk; ehLfs; Fwpj;J Ma;T elj;jp ml;ltiz ntspapLfpwJ.

c[ ]s_ gVF| V[ B[|mD V|[ Bo_ ]BV V[Vkm D cyfpy; mjpf mstpy; Md;l;uha;L Nghd;fis gad;gLj;Jk; 10 kpfg; nghpa ehLfs; Fwpj;j Ma;tpy; Kjy; 5 ehLfspd; gl;baypy; ,e;jpah ,lk; gpbj;Js;sJ. njd;nfhhpah> nkf;rpNfh> gpNurpy;> [g;ghDf;F mLj;jg;gbahf ,e;jpah cs;sJ. \hg;gpq; Mg;];> buhty;]; Mg;];> Nfk;]; Mg;fisNa ,e;jpah;fs; mjpfkhf gad;gLj;Jfpwhh;fs;. nkhigy; \hg;gpq; Mg;];fis kl;Lk; ruhrhpahf xU khjj;jpy; 90 epkplq;fSf;F Nky; gad;gLj;Jfpwhh;fs;.

kVk>uz E> V|[ B_ kBVm cyfstpy; tho;tjw;F rpwe;j ehLfspd; gl;baiy expatinsider

ntspapl;Ls;sJ.65 ehLfspy; elj;jpa Ma;tpd; Kbtpy; gìud; Kjyplk;

gpbj;Js;sJ. ,e;jpah57 tJ ,lj;jpy; cs;sJ.

V\ D] ~kVD vkV (Gram Samridhi Evam Swachha) V ]D

mf;Nlhgh; 1> 2017 Kjy; 15 ehl;fSf;F eilngwTs;s J}a;ik ,e;jpah gw;wpa ,e;j njhlh; tpopg;Gzh;T gpur;rhuj;jpl;lj;jpd; %yk; Ra cjtp FOf;fs; mq;fd; thb ikaq;fs; kw;Wk; gs;spfs; %yk; rpwg;G gapw;rpfs; elj;Jtjd; %yk; fpuhkg;Gw kf;fspilNa Rfhjhuk; kw;Wk; J}a;ik gw;wpa tpopg;Gzh;it Vw;gLj;j muR jpl;lkpl;Ls;sJ.

21


k> A>\> \VV| 2017 F[uhj; khepyk; fhe;jpefupy; rh;tNjr Gj;jkj khehL nrg;lk;gh;

17 Kjy; 23-Mk; Njjptiu eilngw;wJ. ,e;j khehl;by; rpwg;G tpUe;jpdh;fshf Kd;dhs; ,yq;if mjpgh; kfpe;j uh[gl;rTk;> fk;Nghba ehl;L ,sturh; jdNuh eNuhNlhk; fye;Jnfhz;lhh;.

rq;f fah mwf;fl;lis rhh;gpy; Vw;ghL nra;ag;gl;bUf;Fk; ,e;j khehl;by; gy;NtW ehLfisr; Nrhe;j 1>000 gpujpepjpfSk;> 200 Gj;jj; JwtpfSk;> 6>000 Gj;j kjj;jpdUk; gq;Nfw;wdu;.

V> l_ ,e;jpahtpy;> mjpNtf epyj;jb fhe;j uapy; Nghf;Ftuj;J

vdg;gLk; ‘i`g;gh; Y}g;” Nghf;Ftuj;J tp[athlh mkuhtjp efuq;fSf;fpilNa mikf;fg;glTs;sJ.

,jw;fhd xg;ge;jj;ij> Me;jpu murplk;> ‘i`g;gh; Y}g; buhd;];Nghh;Nlrd; nlf;dhy[p];” epWtdk; ifnaOj;jpl;L cs;sJ.

V][ |> z\V V 3 kBm ]iV BV > FB|^V

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,e;j eilKiw ngsj;jk; kw;Wk; `pe;J kjq;fspd; $l;L mbg;gilapy; gpd;gw;wg;gLfpwJ. `pe;Jf; flTshd jNy[_tpd; cUtkhf ,e;j Fkhhp ghh;f;fg;gLfpwhh;.

Njrpa Gydha;T mikg;gpd; (National Investigation Agency) Gjpa ,af;Feuhf xa;.rp Nkhbia kj;jpa muR epakpj;J mwptpg;G ntspapl;Ls;sJ.

,e;jpa gj;jphpif rq;fj;jpd; (I.vd;.v];) 2017-18k; Mz;Lf;fhd jiytuhf mfpyh Cuq;fh; (gprpd]; ];lhz;lh;L) Njh;T nra;ag;gl;lhh;.

jkpof I.gp.v];. mjpfhhpfs; [hq;fpl;> jphpghjp> fhe;jpuh[d; MfpNahh; b.[p.gp.f;fshf gzp epakdk; nra;ag;gl;ldh;.

22


kj;jpa murpd; Unified Payments interface (UPI) vdg;gLk; xUq;fpize;j gzk; nrYj;Jk; Kfg;Gld; jdJ b[pl;ly; gzg;ghpkhw;w Kiwia ,izj;Js;s Kjy; Ngkz;l; tq;fp vDk; ngUikia Vh;nly; Ngkz;l; tq;fp (Airtel Payments Bank) ngw;Ws;sJ.

I.vd;.v];. fy;thhp (INS Kalvar) vdg;ngahplg;gl;Ls;s Kw;wpYk; ,e;jpahtpy; jahhpf;fg;gl;l Kjy; ePh; %o;fpf; fg;gy; ,e;jpa flw;gilAld; ,izj;Jf;nfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sJ.

Kjy; ,e;jpah miyNgrp $Lif 2017 (India Mobile Congress) GJ jpy;ypapy; nrg;lk;gh; 27-29 tiu eilngw;wJ.

2015 Mk; Mz;bypUe;J 2016 Mk; Mz;L ,ilntspapy; ,e;jpahtpy; Foe;ijfs; ,wg;G tpfpjk; (Infant mortality rate) 8%f;F Fiwe;Js;sJ. mjhtJ 2015 Mk; Mz;by; 1000 Foe;ijfs; gpwg;gpy; 37 ,wg;G vd; ,Ue;j tpfpjk; 2016 Mk; Mz;by; 34 vdf; Fiwe;Js;sJ.

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a (Alovanced Homeopathy Virology lab) nfhy;fj;jhtpYs;s mQ;ryp rhl;lu;[p N`hkpNahgjp Ma;T epWtdj;jpy; mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

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23


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27


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,e;jpahitr; Nrh;e;j r%f Nrit mikg;ghd> ‘fyhl;bd;” epWtdh; ‘gpd;Nl];th; gjf;” Gj;jfj;ij vOjpAs;shh;.

,jpy; Nkhb> gpujkuhf nghWg;Ngw;w gpd;> re;jpj;j rthy;fs;> nray;gLj;jpa GJikahd jpl;lq;fs; Fwpj;J gl;lq;fSk; ,lk; ngw;Ws;sd.

‘fhh;fpy; n\h;\h” fhh;fpy;Nghh; fjhehafd; Nfg;ld; tpf;uk; gj;uhtpd; Rarhpij MFk;.

,e;jpahtpd; kpf cah;e;j nfsut tpUjhd ,we;jgpd; mspf;fg;gLk; tpUJ guk;tPh;rf;uh (gp.tp.rp) mtUf;F toq;fg;gl;lJ.

,e;j Gj;jfk; cyf nld;dp]; el;rj;jpukhd kupah \uNghth mtu;fspd; Neu;ikahd Rthu];akhd tho;f;ifapd; Rarupij MFk;.

kupah \uNghth u\;a tpisahl;L nld;dp]; tPuu; Mthh;

mtu; fpuhz;l; ];yhk; gl;lk; ngw;w gj;J ngz;fspy; xUtu; Mthh;.

A>^ \uD >V^

A>^ \uD >V^

A(\)V

32


Securing India the Modi way! Pathankot, Surgical strikes and more vOjpath; - epjpd; NfhfNy.

A to Z of financial management in Autonomous Institutions vOjpath; - lhf;lh; uhfj; ghh;fth; kw;Wk; jPdhehj; gjf;.

5. kuhj;jp kw;Wk; Mq;fpyj;jpy; Gfo;ngw;w gpugy vOj;jhsh; mUz;

rhJ nrg; (25) Kk;igapy; fhykhdhh;.

6. jpUg;gj;J}h; mUNf fp.gp. 9-Mk; E}w;whz;ilr; Nrh;e;j rkzu; rpiy

fz;nlLf;fg;gl;lJ.

7. uhkehjGuk; khtl;lk; mUNf NghfY}hpy; Gjpa fw;fhyj;ijr; Nrh;e;j

5000 Mz;Lfs; goikahd fw;Nfhlhhp fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

nkf;rpNfhtpy; hpf;lh; msTNfhypy; 7.1 Gs;spfshf gjpthd ,e;j epy eLf;fj;jhy; ,Jtiu 248 Ngh; caphpoe;jjhf jfty; ntspahfp cs;sJ.

,yf;fpag; gj;jphpf;if Kd;Ndhbahd tpy;ypad; Nuh]; (99)> mnkhpf;fhtpd; epA+ahh;f;fpy; fhykhdhh;. 1945 Kjy; jhd; Xa;TngWk; tiuapy; The New Yorker - y; vOj;jhsuhf gzpGhpe;jhh;.

jkpo;ehl;bNyNa jpwe;jntsp fopg;giw ,y;yhj Kjy; khtl;lk; - fd;dpahFkhp.

jpUj;jzpapy; %thapuk; Mz;Lfs; goikahd <k Ngio kw;Wk; <k jhopfis njhy;ypay; Jiwapdh; fz;lwpe;Js;sdh;.

What Happend - NV [ ,g;Gj;jfk; mtUila fw;gidf;fijapd; ngau;

MFk;.

,J `pyhup fpspz;ld; vOjpa VohtJ Gj;jfk;.

,e;j Gj;jfk; (2016) Nju;jypy; nlhdhy;l; buk;gpw;F mtuJ Njhy;tp gw;wpa xU epidTr;rpd;dkhFk;.

A(\)V

33


cD.F ^ E >uVo\V V]]BV WB\DkNyrpahtpy; ,Ue;J fle;j 1965-k; Mz;L rpq;fg;G+u; jdpahf gpupe;jJ. Gjpjhf cUthd rpq;fg;G+u; murpy; ,e;jpa tk;rhtspia Nru;e;j N[.xa;. gps;is (taJ 83) muR gzpapy; Nru;e;jhh;. rpq;fg;G+u; murpy; gy;NtW Kf;fpa nghWg;Gfis tfpj;J te;Js;shh;. ,e;j epiyapy; rpq;fg;G+u; [dhjpgjp Nlhdp lhd; nfha;ahK gjtpfhyk; Kbtile;j epiyapy; rpq;fg;G+u; Mf;bq; ftu;duhf ,e;jpa tk;rhtspiar; Nru;e;j N[.xa;.gps;is epakdk; nra;ag;gl;Ls;shh;.

iBV[ m kV >]_ bt[ WBD \m ]BVu\;ahTk; ,e;jpahTk; ,ize;J %d;whtJ ehL xd;wpy; mZkpd; jpl;lq;fis mikf;f Kjy; Kiw ahf Kad;W tUfpd;wd. NkYk; ,Jjhd; ,e;jpah Kjy; Kiwahf ntspehL xd;wpy; mZkpd; jpl;lk; xd;iw mikf;Fk; Kaw;rpahFk;.

1974 Mk; Mz;by; nghf;uhdpy; mZntbg;G Nrhjid elj;jpa gpwF ,e;jpah kPJ tpjpf;fg;gl;l jilfshy; ntspehLfspy; mZ rf;jp njhlh;ghd tzpf Kaw;rpfis Nkw;nfhs;s Kbahj epiy cUthfpaJ.

fle;j Vg;uypy; ,e;jpah tq;fhs Njrj;Jld; ,U mZrf;jp xj;Jiog;G xg;ge;jq;fspy; ifnahg;gkpl;lhh;. u\;ah;fshy; Nuhg;gh; mZkpd; epiyak; tq;fhsj;jpy; jiyefuhd lhf;fh mUNf mikf;fg;gl;L tUfpwJ. ,j;jpl;lk; epiwNtWk; NghJ ,e;jpah> ghfp];jhdpw;F mLj;jg;gbahf %d;whtJ mZrf;jp ehlhf tq;fhsk; cUthFk;. Nuhg;Ghpy; mikAk; ,U 1200 nkfhthl; jpwDs;s myFfs; me;ehl;bd; Kjy; mZkpd; cw;gj;jp Nfj;juq;fshFk;.

cD

34


9- \A cE \VV| (2017) 9tJ gpupf;]; mikg;G cr;rp khehL (2017) rPdhtpd; [pahnkd; efupy; eilngw;wJ.

,k;Kiw eilngw;w $l;lj;jpy; jPtputhj mikg;GfSf;F vjpuhf xUkdjhf jPu;khdk; epiwNtw;wg;gl;L n[a;\; ,-KfkJ> yh\;fu; ,-njha;gh Mfpa ,af;fq;fs; ru;tNjr gaq;futhj ,af;fkhf gl;bayplg;gl;Ls;sJ.

tupir vz;

BRICS khehLfs; eilngw;w efuk; ehL jiyik

1 Kjy; khehL Nahfhl;nlupd; ghf; gpbl;up nkl;tpNjt;

2 ,uz;lhk; khehL gpNurpsah gpNurpy;Y}apy; ,dhfpNahY}th brpy;th

3 %d;whk; khehL rdpah> rPdh `P[pd;NlhNth

4 ehd;fhk; khehL epA+nly;yp ,e;jpah kd;Nkhfd;rpq;

5 Ie;jhk; khehL lu;gd; njd; Mg;gpupf;fh N[f;y; [Pkh

6 Mwhk; khehL Nghu;Nyrgh gpNurpy; jpy;kh&g;

7 Vohk; khehL c‡gh> ,u\;ah tpshbkPu; Gjpd;

8 vl;lhk; khehLngdhypk;> Nfhth (,e;jpah)

eNue;jpuNkhb

9 xd;gjhk; khehL rpahnkd;> rPdh [p.[pd;gpy;

2 0 0 9 - 2 0 1 5

cB ]k A_ l_ kB >VBm V rPdh njhlu;e;J mjpNtf Gy;yl; uapy;fis ,af;fp tUk; epiyapy;

jw;NghJ ‘Furing” vd;w Gjpa uapiy mwpKfg;gLj;jpAs;sJ. kzpf;F 350 fpNyh kPl;lu; Ntfj;jpy; rPwpg;gha;eJ nry;Yk; ,e;j uapy; jiyefu; nga;[pq;fpy; ,Ue;J 1250 fpNyh kPl;lu; njhiytpy; cs;s \hq;fha; efu; tiu ,af;fg;gLfpwJ. ,e;j J}uj;ij 4 kzp 28 epkplq;fspy; fle;J nry;Yk; tifapy; tbtikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

cyfpd; tajhd egu; [ikf;fhtpy; ,we;jhh;. ngau; : kB \ [

,e;j mz;L Vg;-15k; Njjpapd;gb 117tajpy; cyfpd; kpfg; goikahd egu; ,tu;>mV^

cD

35


V _B zD |VB ]>m Va jpngj; topahf Neghs vy;iyia ,izf;Fk; Kf;fpa Njrpa

neLQ;rhiyia rPdh jpwe;J itj;Js;sJ.

a jpngj;jpy; cs;s [pNf]; tpkhd epiyaj;jpy; ,Ue;J [pNf]; efupd; ikag;gFjp tiu cs;s 40.4 fp.kP Njrpa neLQ;rhiy nghJkf;fspd; gad;ghl;Lf;fhf jpwf;fg;gl;lJ.

{F D \]B BVz c>D A]B ga kj;jpa murpy; gzpahw;wp Xa;T ngWgtu;fSf;F Nru Ntz;ba

ngd;\d; kw;Wk; ,jug; gzg; gyd;fs; ,izg;gjpy; cs;s eilKiw rpf;fy;fis fisa mwpKfk; nra;ag;gLfpwJ.

a mDgt; jpl;lj;jpd; fPo; 17 Xa;T+jpajhuu;fSf;F mDgtu;-17 tpUJfisAk; [pj;Nje;jpu rpq; toq;Fthh; vd kj;jpa murhy; njuptpf;fg;gl;lJ.

_ V[ cBB s> k[m ]BV V WkDa ,];Nuy; ehl;by; toq;fg;gLk; kpf caupa tpUjpid ,e;jpahitr;

Nru;e;j Nà;l;b ];lhu;l; mg; epWtdk; ntd;Ws;sJ. NkYk; tpUJld; 42>800 lhyu; gupRj; njhifAk; ,e;j ];lhh;l;mg; epWtdq;fSf;F fpilj;Js;sJ.

cD

`h bd;` kw;Wk; Fthq; gpd;` kfhzq;fis cf;fpuj;Jld; gjk;ghh;j;j Gaypd; Ntfj;Jf;F <LnfhLf;f Kbahky; 250f;Fk; mjpfkhd tPLfspd; $iufs; fhw;wpy; gwe;jd. GaYld; nga;j gyj;j kioahy; bd;` khfhzj;jpd; ngUk;ghyhd gFjpfspy; nts;sk; ngUf;nfLj;J gha;fpwJ.

Gay; vr;rhpf;ifia flw;fiu Xuq;fspy; cs;s jho;thd gFjpfspy; trpj;J te;j Rkhh; 80 Mapuk; kf;fs; ntspNaw;wg;gl;L ghJfhg;ghd ,lq;fspy; jq;f itf;fg;gl;Ls;sdh;.

sBVD V >VB V AB_

36


sBVD V >VB V AB_a tpal;ehk; ehl;bd; kj;jpa gFjpia rkPgfhy tuyhW fhzhj ngUk;

Gay; jhf;fpaJ ‘Nlhf;Rup” vd ngauplg;gl;Ls;s ,e;j ngUk; Gay; kzpf;F 130 fpNyhkPl;lu; Ntfj;jpy; flNyhug; gFjpfis Jtk;rk; nra;jJ.

>Va_xkVz c>k .100V x>_ W]BD ngz; njhopy;KidNthh; jq;fsJ njhopiy NkYk; tphpTgLj;jTk; Gjpa ngz; njhopy; KidNthUf;F epjp mspf;fTk; & 100 Nfhb 0.5 (Nfhb lhyh; ) KjyPl;by; xU epjpak; Vw;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ.

,j;jftiy mnkhpf;f tho; ,e;jpaUk; ngz; KjyPl;L epGzUkhd rPkh rJh;Ntjp nrd;idapy; ntspapl;lhhh;.

i`juhghj;jpy; etk;gh; 28k; Njjp Kjy; 30k; Njjp tiu rh;tNjr njhopy; KidNthh; khehL eilngw;wTs;sJ.

B Wkm[ V >D kUe;J jahhpg;gpy; Kd;dzpapy; cs;s nfbyh n`y;j;Nfh;

epWtdk; u\pahitr; Nrh;e;j ‡ghh;k; va;l; ypkpnll; epWtdj;Jld; xg;ge;jk; nra;Js;sJ.

,e;j xg;ge;jk; %yk; nthprpyh jLg;G+rp kUe;J jahhpg;gjw;fhd njhopy; El;gk; nfbsh epWtdj;Jld; xg;ge;jk; nra;Js;sJ.

,e;j jLg;G kUe;jhdJ rpf;fd; ghf;]; vdg;gLk; rpd;dk;ik Neha; tuhky; jLf;Fk; jLg;G+rp kUe;jhFk;.

c[ wB BD [m V[ ghfp];jhdpy; cs;s gf;rhyp gFjpapy; ,Ue;J Xiyr;Rtbfs; fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;ld. ,e;j Xiyr;Rtbfs; fhh;gd; Nll;bq; Kiwapy; Mf;];Nghh;L gy;fiyf;fof Ma;tpy; kW Ma;T nra;ag;gl;lJ. mg;NghJ ,e;j

Xiyr; Rtbfs; 3-k; E}w;whz;L my;yJ 4 Mk; E}w;whz;ilr; Nrh;e;j it vd;gJ cWjp nra;ag;gl;lJ.

,jd; %yk; %d;whk; E}w;whz;L fhyfl;lj;jpNyNa G+[;[paj;ij ,e;jpah;fs; gad;gLj;jpaJ njhpate;Js;sJ.

,jw;F Kd;G 8 - Mk; E}w;whz;by;jhd; ,e;jpah;fs; G+[;[paj;ijg; gad;gLj;jpdhh;fs; vd;w gpw Ma;T KbTfs; njhptpj;jpUe;jd.

cD

37


“European x-ray free Electron Laser” vdg ;ngau plg ;gl ;Ls ;s cyfpd; kpfg;ngupa ‘vf;];Nu Nyru; Jg;ghf;fp” n[u;kdpapy; cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

tlnfhupah ehL `k;fpNahq; khfhzj;jpy;> fpy;[p vd;Dkplj;jpy; i`l;u[d; mZ Fz;Lg; gupNrhjid nra;Js;sJ.

cyfg; nghUshjhu kd;wj;jpd; cyfshtpa Nghl;bapLk; FwpaPl;by; vd ,e;jpah 40tJ ,lj;jpy; cs;sJ.

yz;ldpypUe;J fj;jhhpd; Njhfh tiu tzpf tFg;gpy; Quite vDk; ,ul;il gLf;if trjpia mwpKfk; nra;Js;s cyfpd; Kjy; tpkhdr; Nrit epWtdkhf fj;jhh; Vh;Nt]; epWtdk; khwpAs;sJ.

uhgP]; jLg;G gw;wp tpopg;Gzh;it Vw;gLj;Jtjw;fhf cyf uhgP]; jpdk; (nrg; 28) Mz;LNjhWk; nfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ.

fhPgpad; jPTfis jhf;fp tpl;L mnkhpf;fhtpd; Kf;fpa khfhzkhd g;Nshhplhit Nehf;fp tUfpwJ ,h;kh Gay; Kd; vr;rhpf;ifahf 50 ,yl;rk; Ngh; ,lg; ngah;Tf;F Ml;gLfpd;wdh;.

Em ] >D ]BV V>V[ kV>l_ x| c k

rpe;J ejpapy; fp\d; fq;fh kw;Wk; uhl;by; vd;w 2 ePh; kpd; epiyaq;fis mikg;gjw;F ,e;jpah jpl;lkpl;lJ. ,e;j epiyapy; ,e;jpah - ghfp];jhd; ,ilNa 1960 k; Mz;L cyf t q ; f p c j t p A l d ; rpe;J ejp ePh; gq;fPl;L xg;ge;jk; ifnaOj;jhdJ. ePh; kpd; jpl;lq;fshy; ghfp];jhd; fLikahf ghjpf;fg;gLk; vd Fw;wk; rhl;b te;jJ. ,e;j tptfhuj;ij jPh;j;J itf;Fk; nghWg;G cyf tq;fpaplk; xg;gilf;fg;gl;lJ. ,e;j epiyapy; rpe;J ejp xg;ge;jk; njhlh;ghf mnkhpf;f jiy efh; th\pq;ldpy; ,U ehLfs; ,ilNa Ngr;Rthh;j;ij 14 k; Njjp 15 k; Njjpapy; eilngw;wJ. ,e;j Ngr;Rthh;j;ijapy; ,e;jpah rhh;gpy; kj;jpa ePh;tsj;Jiw nrayhsh; mkh;rpq; jiyikapyhd FO gq;Nfw;wJ. mf;FOtpy; rpe;J ejp Mizah; ntspAwj;Jiw kj;jpa ePh; fkp\d; cs;spl;l Jiwfis Nrh;e;j mjpfhhpfs; fye;J nfhz;ldh;.

cD

38


tlnfhhpah> <uhd; cs;spl;l 8 ehl;L kf;fs; mnkh pf ;fhTf ;Fs ; Eioa mjpgh; l;uk;g tpjpj;j jil mf;Nlhgh; 18k; Njjp Kjy; eilKiwf;F te;jJ.

l;uk;g; gjtp Vw;w ifNahL> mnkhpf;f kf;fspd; ghJfhg;G jPtputhjj; jLg;G Mfpa fhuzq;fis Kd; itj;J mnkhpf;fhtpw;Fs; EioAk; ntspehl;lth;fisf; fl;LgLj;j gy;NtW eltbf;iffis Nkw;nfhz;ldh;.

mjpy; Kf;fpakhdJ Fwpg;pl;l rpy ehl;L kf;fs;

| V| \D \V _ >

WREVm VV\[mz 2 ^ c^ 3 ]B^ >

mnkhpf ;fhTf;Fs; Eioa tpjpf;fg;gl;l jil ,ij vjph;j;J

me;ehl;bd;

tof;Ffs;

njhlug ; gl ;lhYk ; l;uk;gpd;

eltbf;iff;F ve;jj; jilAk; tpjpf;fg;gltpy;iy.

vdNt l;uk;g; mwptpj;j gaz jil rl;lk; Kjy; fl;lkhf tUk; mf; 18 k; Njjp Kjy; mkYf;F tUfpwJ. ,jd; gb tlnfhhpah> ntdpRyh> <uhd;> rhl; ypgpah> rphpah> Vkd;> Nrhkhypah Mfpa ehl;L Fbkf;fs; mnkhpf;fhtpw;Fs; Eio jil tpjpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

119 ,lq;fis nfhz;Ls;s epA+rpyhe;J ehl;bd; ghuhSkd;wj;Jf;F Njh;jy; ele;jJ. cldbahf Xl;L vz;zpf;ifAk; Kbe;J tpl;lJ. ,e;j Njh;jypy; ve;jf;fl;rpf;Fk; jdpg;ngUk;ghd;ik fpilf;ftpy;iy.

,e;j Njh;jypy; lhf;lh; guk;[pj; ghh;kh;> gphpaq;fh uhjh fpU\;zd; Mfpa 2 ngz;fs; cs;gl 3 ,e;jpah;fs; ntw;wp ngw;W epA+rpyhe;J ghuhSkd;wJf;F Njh;e;njLf;fg;gl;Ls;sdh;.

epA+rpyhe;J ghuhSkd;w Njh;jypy; ntw;wp ngw;Ws;s kw;nwhU ,e;jpah; fd;ty;[pj; rpq;> ghf;rp Mthr; ,th; njhlh;e;J 4 tJ Kiwahf ntw;wp ngw;Ws;shh;.

cD

39


yk;G+q; khq;FUl; gy;fiyf;fofj;jpd; ,e;NjhNdrpa tpQ;Qhdpfs; ,e;NjhNdrpahtpd; kj;jpa gFjpfspy; Nghh;dpNah kiof;fhl;by; cyfpd; kpfr;rpwpa mzpiyf; fz;lwpe;jdh;.

,e;j mzpy;> ‘gph;kpad; gd;wp mzpy;” my;yJ vyprpy;rpa]; vypyp]; vd ngahplg;gl;Ls;sJ.

km E>D Wl_

g \

c[ t EB _ >VBV V|_ |m

,e;NjhNdrpahtpd; ghyp jPtpy; vhpkiy ntbf;Fk; epiyapy; cs;sjhy;> 35 Mapuk; Ngh; ghJfhg;ghd ,lq;fspy; jQ;rkile;Js;sdh;.

fle;j 1961 Mk; Mz;L ,e;j vhpkiyapy; ,Ue;J jPg;gpok;Gfs; ntbj;Jr; rpjwpd. ,jpy; 1100 Ngh; capuope;jdh;. 50 Mz;LfSf;Fg; gpd;dh; jw;NghJ kPz;Lk; me;j vhpkiy ntbj;Jr; rpjw mjpf tha;g;Gs;sJ vd;W vr;rhpf;if tpLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

VM_ m BV kaBV Vmz B^ l_ [g;ghdpy; ,Ue;J kq;Nfhypah topahf u\pa jiyefh;

kh];NfhTf;F gazpfs; ,uapy; Nghf;Ftuj;J eilngw;W tUfpwJ. nga;[pq;fpy; ,Ue;J kh];Nfh tu Fiwe;j gl;rk; 15 ehl;fs; MfpwJ. ,e;j epiyapy; [g;ghdpy; ,Ue;J ,q;fpyhe;Jf;F u\pah topahf Gjpa ,uapy; tpl jpl;lkplg;gl;Ls;sJ.

13>500 fp. kPl;lh; J}uk; gazpf;f $ba ,j;jpl;lj;ij u\pa muR nray;gLj;j cs;sJ.

cD

40


2017_ k c >u >|A \Bm - ‘Take a minute change a life’a jw;nfhiy jLg;G gw;wpa tpopg;Gzu;it Vw;gLj;Jtjw;fhf

xt;Nthh; Mz;Lk; nrg;lk;gu; 10 md;W cyf jw;nfhiy jLg;G ehs; mDrupf;fg;gLfpwJ.

[_ skV ]D .6000 VV > um. VBV, a nghJj; Jiwiar; Nru;e;j BSNL epWtdj;jpd; nel;nthu;f;

tpupthf;f jpl;lg; gzpfis nray;gLj;Jk; tifapyhd &.6000 Nfhbf;fhd xg;ge;jq;fis gpd;yhe;ijr; Nru;e;j Nehf;fpah kw;Wk; rPdhitr; Nru;e;j ,rl;b, epWtdq;fs; ngw;wd.

2017V cVsB W] \B^ ka 2017f;fhd cyfshtpa epjp ikaq;fs; ml;ltizapy;

yz;ld; cyfpd; rpwe;j epjp ikakhf mjd; epiyia jf;fitj;Jf;nfhz;Ls;sJ.

a ,e;j ml;ltiz Z/Yen FOthy; ntspaplg;gl;ljhFk;.

E[ x>_ ] \ Ba rpq;fg;G+h; murpay; tuyhw;wpy; Kjy; ngz; mjpguhf `ypkh

ahf;Nfhg; Kb#l cs;shh;.

a rpq;fg;G+h; ehl;by; Mwhz;LfSf;F xU Kiw Gjpa mjpgiu Njh;e;njLg;gjw;fhd Njh;jy; eilngWk;. mt;tifapy; jw;Nghija mjpgh; Nlhdp lhd; gjtpf;fhyk; tpiutpy; epiwtiltjhy; ghuhSkd;w Kd;dhs; rghehafh; `ypkh ahf;Nfhg; vd;w ngz;kzp Njh;e;njLf;fg;gl;lhh;.

cD

sVm V[ ] V > 3 V^ BDa Rtpl;ru;yhe;J ehl;bd; mjpgu; Nlhup]; Y}ju; %d;W ehs;

gazkhf ,e;jpah tUif Gupe;jhh;. mg;NghJ ,e;jpah-Rtpl;ru;yhe;J ehLfSf;fpilNa ,uapy;Nt njhopy;El;gj;jpy; xg;ge;jq;fs; nra;J nfhs;sg;gl;ld.

41


E[x>]rpq;fg;G+h; ehl;bd; vl;lhtJ mjpguhf `ypkh

ahf;Nfhg; Njh;T nra;ag;gl;Ls;shh;.

,th; me;ehl;bd; Kjy; ngz; mjpgh; vd;w ngUikia ngw;Ws;shh;.

rpq;fg;G+hpd; murpay; rl;lj;jpy; fle;j 2016-Mk; Mz;L xU jpUj;jk; nra;ag;gl;lJ. mjd;gb ehl;bd; mjpgh; Njh;jyhdJ xt;nthU KiwAk; Fwpg;gpl;l xU ghuk;ghpa ,df;FOtpdUf;F xJf;fg;gLfpwJ. mjd;gb ,k;Kiw kyha; ,dj;jtUf;F mjpgh; gjtp xJf;fg;gl;lJ.

rpq;fg;G+hpy; Mwhz;LfSf;F xUKiw Gjpa mjpgiu Njh;e;njLg;gjw;fhd Njh;jy; eilngWk;.

],>ÎNuhg;gpa ehlhd ngyhu]{k; ,e;jpahTk; J}juf cwTfis

Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhz;L 25 Mz;Lfs; MfpAs;s epiyapy;> ngyhu]; ehl;L mjpgh; mnyf;rhz;lh; Y}fh];n`d;Nfh ,Uehs; gazkhf ,e;jpah te;Js;shh;.

,e;jpah> ngyhu]; ehLfspilNa ,uhZt MAjj; jahhpg;ig Nkk;gLj;JtJ> ngl;Nuhypak;> ,aw;if vhpthA> fy;tp> tpisahl;Lj;Jiw cs;glth;j;jfk; nghUshju xj;Jiog;G cs;gl 10 Kf;fpa xg;ge;jq;fs;> nly;ypapy; cs;s i`juhghj; ,y;yj;jpy; gpujkh; eNue;jpu Nkhb> ngyhu]; mjpgh; mnyf;]hz;lh; Y}fh];n`d;Nfh Kd;dpiyapy; ifnaOj;jhfpd.

w2018:[> 2018 Mk; Mz;Lf;fhd mnkhpf;f

mofpia Njh;T nra;Ak; 97-tJ Mz;L Nghl;b mnkhpf;fhtpd; ml;yhz;bf; efhpy; eilngw;wJ.

,e;jg; Nghl;bapy; mnkhpf;f mofpahf fy;Y}hp khztpAk;> tlf;F lf;Nfhl;lh khepy mof-pAkhd fhuh kd;l; (23 taJ) Njh;T nra;ag;gl;lhh;.

cD

42


BREXIT >WuD INuhg;gpa A+dpad; mikg;gpypUe;J ntspNaWtJ njhlh;ghd

kNrhjh gphpl;ld; ehlhSkd;wj;jpy; epiwNtwpaJ. INuhg;gpa nghUshjhu $l;likg;gpy; ,iza fle;j 1972-y; ,aw;wg;gl;l rl;lj;ij uj;J nra;a ,e;j kNrhjh tif nra;fpwJ.

2019-Mk; Mz;L khh;r; khjj;Jld; INuhg;gpa A+dpad; mikg;gpypUe;J gphpl;ld; KOikahf ntspNawptpLk;.

],gM>[4>^ ,e;jpah> Mg;fhdp];jhd; ehLfs; ,ilNa Nkhl;lhh; thfdq;fs;

xg;ge;jk; cs;spl;l 4 Kf;fpa xg;ge;jq;fs; ifnaOj;jhfpAs;sd. nly;ypapy; ntspAwTj; Jiw mikr;rh; R\;kh ];tuh[;> Mg;fhdp];jhd; ntspAwTj; Jiw mikr;rh; ryh`{jPd; ug;ghdp MfpNahh; Kd;dpiyapy; ,e;j xg;ge;jq;fs; ifnaOj;jplg;gl;ld.

116 Gjpa tsh;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fis ,U ehLfSk; ,ize;J nray;gLj;j KbT nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.

[g[D>[E cyfg; Gfo; ngw;w Mq;fpy ehtyhrphpia N[d; M];nld; cUtg;glk;

nfhz;l 10 gTz;L fud;rp gphpl;ldpy; ntspaplg;gl;Ls;sJ.

me;j> Nehl;bd; gpd;Gwj;jpy; Gj;jf thrpg;igg; Nghw;Wk; mtuJ gpugy thrfk; ,lk; ngw;Ws;sJ. fz;ghh;itaw;wth;fs; vspjhf milahsk; fhZk; tpjkhf ,g;Gjpa 10 gTz;L fud;rpapy; gpnua;yp Gs;spfs; mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJld;> cah; ghJfhg;G mk;rkhf ‘N`hNyhfpuhk;” njhopy;El;gKk; ,lk; ngw;Ws;sd.

c[^2017j19D

cyf nghUshjhu kd;wk;> cyfpd; ntt;NtW efuq;fspy;> tUtha;> Gjpa njhopy; cw;gj;jp> jfty;> njhopw;El;g tsh;r;rp> ];khh;l; Nghd; gad;ghL cl;gl> gy mk;rq;fspd; mbg;gilapy;> elj;jpa Ma;tpy; ngq;f@U 19tJ ,lj;ij gpbj;Js;sJ.

cD

43


V >]-om kBkm c] \V

b] m B Vs[ >sVD *|D A ,e;jpa mZrf;jpj; Jiw nrayh; Nrfh; ghRtpd; gjtpf;fhyk; kPz;Lk; ePl;bf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

fle;j 2015 Mk; Mz;L mf;Nlhgh; khjk; ,e;jpa mZrf;jp Jiw nrayuhf %j;j tpQ;Qhdp Nrfh; ghR epakpf;fg;gl;lhh;. mtuJ ,e;j gjtpf;fhyk; fle;j 2016 Mk; Mz;L nrg;lk;gh; khjj;Jld; Kbtila ,Ue;jJ. vdpDk; Nrfh; ghRtpd; gjtpf;fhyj;ij kj;jpa muR fle;j 2016 Mk; Mz;L Mf];l; khjk; ePl;bj;jJ. mg;NghJ mtUf;F Xuhz;L gzp ePl;bg;G mspf;fg;gl;lJ. mjd;gb mtuJ gjtpf;fhyk; ,e;j khjj;Jld; epiwtila ,Ue;jJ. Mdhy; Nrfh; ghRtpd; gjtpf;fhyj;ij kj;jpa muR 2 MtJ Kiwahf kPz;Lk; ePl;bj;Js;sJ.

gUt epiy khWghL njhlh;ghd ghhp]; xg;ge;jj;jpy; ,Ue;J ntspNaWk; Kbtpy; ve;j khw;wKk; ,y;iy vd mnkhpf;fh mwptpj;Js;sJ. Rw;Wr;#oy; ghjpg;Gfshy; gUtepiy khw;wk; Vw;gLtij jLf;Fk; tifapy; rh;tNjr ehLfs; vLf;f Ntz;ba eltbf;iffs; Fwpj;J fle;jhz;L gpuhd;]; jiyefh; ghhp]py; ele;j gUtepiy khWghL khehl;by; xg;ge;jk; nra;ag;gl;lJ. ,jpy; 190f;Fk; Nkw;gl;l ehLfs; ifnaOj;jpl;ld mjd;gb fle;jhz;L etk;ghpy; ,Ue;j xg;ge;jk; eilKiwf;F te;jJ.

,e;jhz;L [dthpapy; mnkhpf;f mjpguhf gjtpNaw;w nlhdhy;L buk;g; ,e;j xg;ge;jj;jpy; ,Ue;J mnkhpf;fh ntspNaWtjhf mwptpj;jhh;. ghhp]; xg;ge;jk; ,e;jpah> rPdh Nghd;w ehLfSf;F kl;LNk rhjfkhf cs;sJ. mnkhpf;fhTf;F ,e;j xg;ge;jj;jhy; ve;jg; gaDk; ,y;iy mjdhy; ,jpy; ,Ue;J tpyFfpNwhk; vd buk;g; mwptpj;jpUe;jhh;.

cD

44


V _B zD |VB ]>m V jpngj; topahf Neghs vy;iyia ,izf;Fk; Kf;fpa Njrpa

neLQ;rhiyia rPdh jpwe;J itj;Js;sJ.

,e;j neLQ;rhiyiaj; jpwe;jpUg;gjd; %ykhf njw;fhrpa gpuhe;jpaj;jpy; fhy; gjpf;f rPdh muR KaYfpwJ.

jpngj;jpy; cs;s [pNf]; tpkhd epiyaj;jpy; ,Ue;J [pNf]; efhpd; ikag; gFjp tiu 40.4 fp.kP Njrpa neLQ;rhiy nghJ kf;fspd; gad;ghl;Lf;fhf jpwf;fg;gl;lJ.

,e;j neLQ;rhiy jpwf;fg;gl;ljhy;> tpkhd epiyaj;Jf;Fk; efhpd; gFjpf;Fk; ,ilNaahd gaz Neuk; xU kzpapy; ,Ue;J 30 epkplq;fshff; FiwAk; 25 kPl;lh; mfyj;JlDk; 4 topj;jlq;fSlDk; mikf;fg;gl;Ls;s Kjy; ju neLQ;rhiy ,JthFk;.

jPtputhj ,af;fq;fs; jq;fs; kz;zpy; ,y;iy vd;W ,Jtiu kWj;Jte;j ghfp];jhd; jw;NghJ jpBnud y\;fh; ,- njha;gh> n[a;\; , KfkJ Mfpa ,af;fq;fs; jq;fs; ehl;by; ,Ue;J nray;gLtjhf xg;Gf; nfhz;Ls;sJ. ,J ,e;jpahtpd; epiyf;F fpilj;j khngUk; ntw;wp vd fUjg;gLfpwJ.

Fwpg;G : mz;ikapy; Kbtile;j gphpf;]; khehl;by; gaq;futhjj;jpw;F vjpuhf jPh;khdk; epiwNtw;wg;gl;bUf;Fk; epiyapy; ghfp];jhd; ,t;thW $wpapUg;gJ Kf;fpaj;Jtk; tha;e;jjhff; fUjg;gLfpwJ. NkYk; ,Jtiu ,e;jpah $wpte;j epiyapy; ghfp];jhdpd; ,e;j xg;Gjy; %yk; ep&gpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ vd;gJk; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.

]BVs[ zuV c]|] V>V[ ] A>_

cynfq;fpYk; thOk; kpfr;rpwe;j njhopyjpgh;fs; gl;baypy;

uj;jd; lhlh> yl;Rkp kpl;ly;> tpNdhj; Nfh];yh MfpNahh;

,lk;ngw;Ws;sdh;. kpfr; rpwe;j njhopy; %isiaf; nfhz;l 100

Ngh; gl;baiy ‡Nghh;g;]; njhFj;J ntspapl;Ls;sJ. ,e;j rpwg;Gg;

gl;baypy; mnkhpf;f mjpgh; nlhdhy;L l;uk;g; ,lk; gpbj;Js;sdh;.

kVDVa][A_Vkl|

cD

45


mwptpay; fz;Lgpbg;GfspNyNa kpfTk; nfhûkhdJ vd Ngrg;gLk; mZFz;bd; ngah; ]hh; ghk;gh mZf;fU ,izT %yk; Nguhw;wiy ntspgLj;Jk; Fz;L ,J.

mZ MAjg; Nghl;b cr;rj;jpy; ,Ue;j fhyj;jpy; u\;ahthy; Nrhjid nra;ag;gl;lJ. %d;W fl;lq;fisf; nfhz;L cUthf;fg;gl;l ,e;j mZFz;L Kjy; epiyapy; ANudpa vhpnghUisf; nfhz;l mZf;fUg; gpsT Vw;gLj;Jk;

Fwpg;G : ]hh; gh;kghtpd; nkhj;j vil 27 nkl;hpf; ld; ePsk; 26 mb tpl;lk; Mwiu mb kh];Nfh Neug;gb fhiy 11.32 kzpf;F Nrhjidf;fsj;ij mile;j tpkhdk;> mq;fpUe;J xU ghuh#l; %yk; ]hh; ghk;gh mZFz;il tpLtpj;jJ.

iBV V]> c[ tD V\V bz|

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Vetrii IAS Academy

>EB {F]B ]D

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Njrpa Xa;T+jpaj; jpl;lj;jpy; ,iztjw;fhd taJ tuk;G 60-,y; ,Ue;J 65 Mf cah;j;jg;gl;Ls;sJ.

PFRDA: Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority.

OBC gphptpdUf;fhd fphPkpNyah; cr;rtuk;G: &. 6 yl;rj;jpypUe;J &. 8 yl;rkhf cah;T

46

ntw;wpapd; elg;G epfo;Tfs; nrg;lk;gu;-2017cD

SLINEX 2017 vd;w ngahpy; ,e;jpa kw;Wk; ,yq;if flw;gilfSf;fpilNaahd $l;L flw;gapw;rp nrg;lk;gh; 7 Kjy; 14 tiu tprhfg;gl;bdk; flw;gFjpapy; eilngw;wJ.

,e;jpah kw;Wk; mh;Nkdpah ehLfSf;fpilNa Nghplh; Nkyhz;ik Jiwapy; xj;Jiog;gpw;fhd Ghpe;Jzh;T xg;ge;jk; nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.

rTjp mNugpahtpy; fhh; xl;l ngz;fSf;F tpjpf;fg;gl;bUe;j jil tpyf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. tUfpw 2016k; Mz;L [Pd; khjk; Kjy; ngz;fs; fhh; Xl;l me;ehl;bd; muR mDkjp mspj;Js;sJ.

2017-f;fhd cyf mikjp ehspd; ikaf;fUj;J. (Together for peace: Respect, safety and Dignity for all)

‘Aar Paar’ kw;Wk; ‘CID’ Nghd;w glq;fspy; ebj;J Gfo;ngw;w %j;j ,e;jp ebif \fpyh (nrg; 20) md;W Kk;igapy; fhykhdhh;.

54-tJ Njrpa jpwe;jntsp jlfs rhk;gpad;\pg; 2017-I elj;Jfpd;w?

2017 cyf Rw;Wyh ehSf;fhd ikaf;fUj;J. (Sustainable tourism – a tool for development).

2017f;fhd cyf fly; ehspd; ikaf;fUj;J: (Connecting ships, ports and people).

Njrpa Nghplh; Nkyhz;ik Mizaj;jpd; 13-tJ Mz;L njhlf;f ehspd; ikaf;fUj;J. (School safety).

yq;Nf\; thu ,jopd; Kjd;ik Mrphpah; nfshp yq;Nf\; ngq;f@hpy; Rl;Lf; nfhiynra;ag;gl;Ls;shh;.

,e;jpahTf;fhd mnkhpf;f J}juhf nfd;dj; X];lh; epakdk; nra;ag;gl;Ls;shh;.

ghd; vz;Zld; Mjhh; vz;id ,izg;gjw;fhd fhy mtfhrk; brk;gh; 31k; Njjp tiu ePl;bf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

kj;jpa cs;Jiw nrayuhf> %j;j I.V.v]; mjpfhhp uh[Pt; fTgh nghWg;Ngw;whh;.

mnkhpf;f Xgd; nld;dp]; Nghl;bapy; KFUrh> \uNghth MfpNahh; 3tJ Rw;Wf;F Kd;NdwpAs;sdh;.

47


u\;ahtpd; tpshbNth];lhf; efhpy; eilngw;w 3MtJ fpof;Fg; nghUshjhu khehl;by; ,e;jpahtpd; rhh;gpy; ntspAwTj;Jiw mikr;rh; R\;kh Rtuh[; fye;Jnfhz;lhh;.

,e;jpah Neghsk; kw;Wk; tq;fNjr ehLfSf;F nts;s epthuzkhf / kpy;ypad; lhyh; toq;f ,Ug;gjhf $Fs; epWtdk; mwptpj;Js;sJ.

jpUth&h; khtl;lj;jpy; epyj;jb ePh; kl;lj;ij cah;T 90 ,lq;fspy; ePh;Ko;fpj; jLg;ghizfs; Vw;Wkjpia Nkk;gLj;Jtjd; %yk; Ntiytha;g;gpid cUthf;Ftjw;F xU Kf;fpa ce;Jjiy toq;f xU epGzh; gzpf;FOthdJ mike;Js;sJ. ,f;FOtpy; epjp MNahf;fpd; Jizj;jiyth;> Dr. utpf;Fkhh; jiyik jhq;Fthh;.

D

\uD \x k ]V^ \VV| (2017) _o Neub kw;Wk; kiwKfthp mjpfhhpfspd; 2 ehs; khehl;il gpujkh;

eNue;jpu Nkhb nly;ypapy; njhlq;fp itj;jhh;.

thp nrYj;JNthhplk; el;Gwit filgpbAq;fs; vd;Wk;> [p.v];.b apd; gyd;fs; rhkhdpaiu nrd;wila nra;Aq;fs; vd;Wk; tUkhd thpj;Jiwf;F gpujkh; eNue;jpu Nkhb njhptpj;jhh;.

3-kmwzVV>V\VV|

R\;kh Rtuh[;

\VMB ]][ () JD \]B .57,000 VB tA

Neub khdpaj; jpl;lj;jpd; (bgpb) %yk; kj;jpa muR &.57>000 Nfhbia Nrkpj;Js;sJ vd;w kj;jpa jfty; njhopy;El;gj; Jiw mikr;rh; utp rq;fh; gpurhj; njtphpj;Js;shh;. Kd;djhf fle;j gpg;uthp khjk; kj;jpa muR nray;gLj;Jk; 84 khdpaj; jpl;lj;jpd; %yk; 33 Nfhb Ngh; gadile;jjhf kj;jpa muR ehlhSkd;wj;jpy; $wpapUe;jjJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.

VVVD

48


E_ WkD .7,110 Vl_ k> skVD

40 g|z z \Vs_ m F z\] Fm ]BV

,e;jpa mnkhpf;f ey;Ywtpd; xU gFjpahf Kjd;Kjyhf mnkhpf;fhtplkpUe;J fr;rh vz;nzia ,wf;Fkjp nra;fpwJ. ,e;jpah Kjy; fl;lkhf 2 kpy;ypad; gPg;gha;fs; nfhz;l vz;nza; fg;gy;fs; ,e;jpah tUfpwJ.

,e;jpah - mnkhpf;fh ,ilNa vz;nza; Vw;Wkjp nra;a fle;j 40 Mz;Lfshf jil tpjpf;fg;gl;bUe;jJ. fle;j 2015k; Mz;L gpujkh; Nkhb mnkhpf;fh nrd;W mg;Nghjia mjpguhf ,Ue;j xgh-khit re;jpj;jhh;. ,ijaLj;J vz;nza; Vw;Wkjpf;fhd jil tpyf;fp nfhs;sg;gl;lJ.

jw;Nghija mjpguhd nldhy;l; buk;ig re;jpj;J vhprf;jp ghJfhg;G cs;spl;l xg;ge;jq;fspy; ifnahg;gkpl;lhh;. ,jpy; fr;rh vz;nza; Vw;Wkjp nra;tjw;fhd xg;ge;jk; cWjpahdJ.

,e;jpahtpy; jdp egh; vhprf;jp gad;ghL kpfTk; FiwthfNt cs;sJ. ,jd; fhuzkhf vz;nza; vhpthA Jiwf;F gpufhrkhd mNj rkak; rthyhd vjph;fhyk; cs;sJ. ,e;j re;jh;g;gj;ij gad;gLj;jp rpwg;ghd th;j;jf tsh;r;rpia vl;l ,yf;F eph;zapf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. fle;j epjp Mz;by; %yjd nrytpdq;fSf;fhf &.5>860 Nfhbia xJf;fPL nra;Njhk;. ,e;j epiyapy; elg;G epjp Mz;by; tphpthf;fk; jpl;lq;fSf;fhf &.7>110 Nfhbia KjyPL nra;a jpl;lkpl;Ls;Nshk;.

]z .350 V w|: A]B kV > g]oBV

mfjpfs; mile;j Jd;gq;fSf;F 350 Nfhb &gha; ,og;gPL toq;f M];jpNuypa ePjpkd;wk; cj;jutpl;Ls;sJ.

M];jpNuypa muRk;> ,U ghJfhg;G epWtdq;fSk; Rkhh; 350 Nfhb &ghia ,og;gPlhff; nfhLf;f Kd;te;jJ.

,jw;F ePjpkd;wKk; xg;Gjy; toq;fpAs;sJ. M];jpNuypa kdpj chpik tuyhw;wpy; rl;l hPjpahf toq;fg;gl;Ls;s kpfg;nghpa ,og;gPL ,J vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.

VVVD

49


,e;jpahtpd; mz;il ehlhd G+lhd; Ieh ghJfhg;G fTd;rpypy; epue;ju cWg;G ehL vd;w me;j];J ngw MjuT njhptpj;Js;sJ. Ieh nghJr;rigapy; ciuahw;wpa G+lhd; gpujkh; N\hpq; Nlhg;Nf ,e;j jftiy njhptpj;jhu;.

rPdh ghfp];jhd; tpkhdg; gilfspd; $l;Lg; gapw;rpf;fhf rPdhtpd; N[ - 11 Nghh; tpkhdq;fs; N[ n`r; - 7 uf Fz;LtPr;R tpkhdq;fs;> Nfn[-200 uf Fz;LtPr;R tpkhdq;fs; Nfn[ - 200 Vlgps;A+rpv]; uf tpkhdq;fs; mDg;gp itf;fg;gl;ld. ,e;j $l;Lg; gapw;rpapy; rPd flw;gilAk; gq;Nfw;Ws;sJ.

2018-2019D W]BV|V ^ >VD

k\V kml[ O ]D

tUk; 2018- 19 Mk; epjpahz;Lf;fhd gl;n[l; gzpfis kj;jpa epjpaikr;rfk; mLj;j thuk; njhlq;fTs;sJ.

ehL KOtJk; mkypy; ,Ue;J gy;NtW kiwKf thpfs; uj;J nra;ag;gl;L mjw;Fg; gjpyhf [pv];b vdg;gLk; ruf;F Nrit thp tpjpg;G Kiw fle;j [Piy khjk; 1 Mk; Njjp Kjy; mky;gLj;jg;gl;lJ.

kj;jpa muR jhf;fy; nra;a ,Uf;Fk; KjyhtJ gl;n[l; 2018-2019 Mk; epjpahz;Lf;fhd gl;n[l; MFk;. mNjNghy; kf;fsitf;F 2019 Mk; Mz;by; nghJj; Njh;jy; eilngwtpUg;gjhy; 2018 -19 Mk; epjpahz;Lf;fhd gl;n[l; KOikahd gl;n[l;lhf ,Uf;Fk;.

tUkhd thp Va;g;gth;fisf; fz;lwpa Ez;zwpT jpl;lk; vd;w ngahpy; r%f tiyj;jsq;fis csT ghh;f;Fk; jpl;lk; xd;iw nray;gLj;j kj;jpa muR KbT nra;Js;sJ. mf;Nlhgh; 2017 Kjy; mkYf;F tUk; ,e;j jpl;lj;jpd; %yk; nka;epfh; jfty;fis nfhz;L fUg;G gzj;ij fz;lwpa jpl;lkplg;gl;L cs;sJ. mjd;gb tUkhd thp nrYj;Jk; xUthpd; Ng];Gf; ,d;];lhfpuhk; Nghd;w r%f Clf fzf;Ffspy; mth; mspj;jpUf;Fk; jfty;fis nfhz;L mth; gad;gLj;Jk; nghUl;fisAk; tUkhd thp jhf;fypd; NghJ mth; mspj;jpUf;Fk; tptuq;fisAk; xg;gpl;L ghh;j;J Ma;T nra;a tUkhd thpj;Jiw KbT nra;Js;sJ.

VVVD

50


cyfpd; kpfg;nghpa njhopy;El;g epWtdkhd $Fs; ,e;jpahtpy; nl]; vDk; Ngnkz;l; nraypia njhlq;f ,Uf;fpwJ. ,jw;fhd mwpKf tpoh elf;f ,Uf;fpwJ.

epjpaikr;rh; mUz; n[l;yp ,Ue;J Ngnkz;l; nraypia mwpKfg;gLj;j ,Uf;fpwhh;.

fle;j [Piy khjk; Ne\dy; Ngnkz;l; fhh;g;gNu\d; epWtdk; $Fs; nl]; nraypf;F mDkjp mspj;J cj;jutpl;lJ. mjd; gpwF hprh;t; tq;fpapd; cj;juTf;fhf fhj;jpUe;jJ. jw;NghJ cj;juT fpilj;j epiyapy; nraypia mwpKfg;gLj;j jpl;lkpl;Ls;sJ.

z[ A]B \ Bo

xB >sl_ ]B kDVk WBt D ]D

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VVVD

51


‘rhfPd; VI” (Shaheen VI) vd;w ngaupy; $l;L tpkhdg;gilg; gapw;rp ghfp];jhd; kw;Wk; rPdh ehLfSf;fpilNa eilngw;wj.

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VVVD

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V V

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52


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53


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54


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]

55


2030-Mk; Mz;Lf;Fs; grpf;F KbTfl;Ltjw;F cj;jugpuNjrj;jpy; (Nfhuf;G+h;) xuprhtpy; (NfhuhGl;) k`huh\;buhtpy; (jhNd) Mfpa 3 khtl;lq;fspy; mf;. 16k; Njjp cyf czT jpdj;jpy; tptrha Jiw apy; Kaw;rpapd; %yk; ,e;jpahtpd; ,yl;rpakhd G+[;a grp jpl;lk; njhlq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

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56


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sm

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sm

57


T[ V[ cBB smz ]B kwQ >

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A E[ NGO n.Vs[ Equator 2017 uma GNdtpd; Rak; \p$\d; gpuhNahf; (SSP) MdJ I.ehtpd; 2017k;

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sm

58


_ V[ cBB s> k[m ]B V WkD

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sm

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nld;rpq; ehh;Nt Njrpa rhfrj;jpw;fhd tpUJ (2017) (Tenzing Norway National Adventure Award) epyj;jpy; rhfrq;fSf;fhd gphptpy; gpNuk;tjh mfh;thYf;F toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

59


g>ku zw> k> E bz sm

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Mfpatw;wpw;fhd gupR 4 egu;fSf;F toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

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me;j NghyPrhUf;F [dhjpgjp gjf;fk; toq;Fk; epfo;r;rp ngq;f@Utpy; cs;s fth;dh; khspifapy; eilngw;wJ. me;j gjf;fj;ij thq;f &gh jdJ kfDld; fth;dh; khspiff;F te;jpUe;jhh;.

epfo;r;rpapy; I.gp.v]; mjpfhhp &gh cs;gl 88 NghyPrhUf;F fth;dh; t[;gha; thyh gjf;fq;fis toq;fp fTutg;gLj;jpdhh;.

sm

60


V[[ ]^ sm: I.ehtpd; mfjpfSf;fhd mikg;gpd; (UN High Commission for Refugees (UNHCRI) ehd;nrd; mfjpfs; tpUJ 2017 (Nansen Refugees Award) ie[Phpa tof;fwpQh; rd;dh K];jgh (Zannah Mustapha) vd;gtUf;F toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

‘kV[ N_ sm 2017” (Von Hippel Award) ,e;jpa mwptpaywpQh; C.N.R. uht; mth;fSf;F toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. Materials Research Society vd;Dk; rh;tNjr mikg;gpdhy; toq;fg;gLk;. ,t;tpUJ ngWk; Kjy; Mrphpah;/,e;jpah; C.N.R. uht; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.

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k> >Va_ml_ Em szD ^ Bo_ J[ ]B^ :

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Vetrii IAS Academy

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s_(\)Va_OD

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mnkupf;fhtpd; gpuTd; gy;fiyf;fof tpQ;Qhdpfs; re;jpuhad; tpz;fyk; vLj;J mDg;gpa re;jpud; kz;zpay; tiu glj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; Gjpa Ma;T Nkw;nfhz;ldh;. mg;NghJ re;jpudpd; JUtq;fspy; kl;LNk jz;zPu; ,Ug;gjhf njuptpf;fg;gl;lJ. jw;NghJ re;jpud; KOtJk; jz;zPu; ,Ug;gJ cWjp nra;ag;gl;bUg;gJ ,e;j Ma;tpy; Gjpa jpUg;gj;ij Vw;gLj;jpAs;sJ.

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2013 Mk; Mz;L etk;gh; khjk; 5 Mk; Njjp Me;jpuhtpy; cs;s =`hpNfhl;lhtpy; ,Ue;J ,e;jpa tpz;ntsp Muha;r;rp

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nrt;tha; fpufj;jpw;F nraw;ifNfhspid mDg;gpa ehd;F ehLfspy; ,e;jpahTk; xd;whFk;.

s_(\)Va_OD

64


s[ EM s 20 k B> W F>ma fhrpdp tpz;fyk; rdp fpufj;jpd; tspkz;lyj;jpd; xU ckpOk;

tPo;r;rpAld; mjd; 20 tUlfhy gazj;ij epiwT nra;jJ.

a ,Jtiu rdp fpufj;jpw;F mUfpy; ve;j tpz;fyKk; ,t;tsT mUfpy; nrd;wJ ,y;iy

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a mJ rkPgj;jpy; Vyk; tplg;gl;lJ. mg;NghJ &. 40 yl;rj;Jf;F Vyk; NghdJ.

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s_(\)Va_OD

65


a yq;Nf\; thu ,jopd; Kjd;ik Mrphpah; nfshp yq;Nf\; ngq;f@hpy; Rl;Lf; nfhiynra;ag;gl;Ls;shh;.

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s_(\)Va_OD

66


skl_ ] ^ > > mnkhpf;fh> u\pah cs;spl;l 13 ehLfs; ,ize;J tpz;ntspapy; Ma;tfk; mikj;J tUfpd;wdh;. mq;F nrd;W tpz;ntsp tPuh;fs; jq;fp Muha;r;rp gzpapy; <Lgl;L tUfpd;wdh;.

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cyfshtpa kdpj %yjd FwpaPl;L vz; 2017 MdJ 130 ehLfis juthpir gLj;jpAs;sJ.

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> m V ^ ^

s_(\)Va_OD

67


g\a Gjpa ,e;jpa Nju;jy; Mizauhf 61tajhd

Rdpy; mNuhuh epakdk; nra;ag;gl;Ls;shh;.

jiyik Nju;jy; Mizauhf mr;ry; Fkhh; N[hjp

2017 [Piy khjk; epakdk; nra;ag;gl;Ls;shh;.

,e;jpa Nju;jy; Mizaq;fs; (2017)jiyikj; Nju;jy; Mizau; - mr;ry; Fkhh; N[hjp Nju;jy; Mizau; - Yk; gpufh\; uhtj;Nju;jy; Mizau; - Rdpy; mNuhuh

s[ A]B >\a ngUtpd; Jizf; FbauRj;jiytu; jpUkjp.nku;rp]; muNuh];

ngUtpd; Gjpa gpujk ke;jpupahf epakpf;fg;gl;lhh;.

a ngU ehl;bd; ypkhtpy; [dhjpgjp gpal;Nyh gg;Nyh F];fpd;];fp mtu;fshy; epakpf;fg;gl;lhh;.

n.[.. >kV - V cV >a fu;ehlf khepyk; ngq;f@upy;> ,e;jpad; epA+];Ngg;gu; nrhirl;bapd;

78-k; Mz;L nghJf;$l;lk; ele;jJ. mjpy; 2017-18k; Mz;Lf;fhd INS jiytuhf gprpd]; ];lhz;lu;L epWtdj;ij Nru;e;j mfpyh cuhq;fu; Nju;e;njLf;fg;gl;lhh;.

A]B ]B >>_ gBV "M_ VV" WB\D

NITI Aayog: ,e;jpahtpd; kj;jpa jpl;lf;FO mikg;gpw;F

khw;whf [dthp 01.2015 Mk; Mz;L gpujkh; eNue;jpu Nkhb mth;fshy; njhlq;fpitf;fg;gl;lJ.

Njrpa tsh;r;rp nfhs;iffis ghpe;Jiufs; nra;tJ ,e;j mikg;gpd; Nehf;fkhFk;.

,e;j mikg;gpd; jiytuhfg; gpujkh; nray;gLthh;. Jizj;jiyth; kw;Wk; Ie;J epue;ju cWg;gpdh;fSk; gpujkuhy; epakpf;fg;gLthh;fs;.

NITI Aayog – National Institution for transforming India.

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68


kF] ,yq;if fpupf;nfl; Gjpa Nju;Tf;FOj; jiytu; - f;uPk; Nyg;uha;

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- NjNte;jpu Fkhh; N[hjp

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69


L_ >kV D T\ > kj;jpa tu;j;jf mikr;rfj;jhy; cUthf;fg;gl;l CAPEXL vd;w

Vw;Wkjp Kd;Ndw;w epWtdj;jpd; jiytuhf nfhy;fj;jhtpy; eilngw;w nghJf;FO $l;lj;jpy; njhopyjpgu; n[.Mu;.tPukzp Nju;e;njLf;fg;gl;lhh;.

s Wk][ J> BzV ]BVk > pVD i[ WB\D Kd;dzp r%f tiyjskhd l;tpl;lu; epWtdj;jpd; %j;j

,af;Feuhf ,e;jpahitr; Nru;e;j =uhk; fpU\;zd; epakdk; nra;ag;gl;Ls;shh;. ,tu; ,jw;F Kd;G ‡Ng];Gf; kw;Wk; ];ehg;rhg; epWtdq;fspy; Kf;fpa nghWg;Gfis tfpj;Js;shh;.

E \[ >kV V \ VuA kj;jpa jiyikf; fzf;F jzpf;if (rpV[p) mikg;gpd; jiy-

tuhf kj;jpa cs;Jiwapd; Kd;dhs; nrayu; uh[pt; kùp\p nghWg;Ngw;whh;. ,Jtiu me;jg; nghWg;ig tfpj;J te;j rrpfhe;j; ru;khtpd; gjtpf;fhyk; epiwtile;jijaLj;J mtUf;F mLj;jg;gbahf uh[Pt; kùp\p me;jg; gjtpia Vw;Wf;nfhz;lhh;.

VVs_ 38 g|^ am x>_ A]B V]] mq;Nfhyh [dhjpgjpahf ‘N[hth

yhnuq;Nfh” Nju;e;njLf;fg;gl;lhh;. mtiu 38 Mz;Lfspy; ehl;bd; Kjy; Gjpa [dhjpgjpahf Nju;T nra;ag;gl;Ls;shh;.

,J Ke;ija [dhjpgjpahd N[h]’ vLu;Nlh Nlh]; rhz;Nlh]; mtu;fs; Xa;T ngw;wij njhlu;e;J yhnuq;Nfh jdJ gjtpia Vw;Wf;nfhz;Ls;shh;.

Kd;dh; mq;Nfhyh ehl;bd; ghJfhg;G mikr;ruhf gzpahw;wpAs;shh;. yhnud;Nfh> NkYk; ntspehl;L KjyPl;il <u;g;gjhf cWjp mspj;Js;shh;.

g\

70


a mfpy ,e;jpa ,Ryhkpaj; jdpegu;r; rl;l thupaj;jpd; jiytu; iraJ nkhfkJ uNg `rdp

akj;jpa fzf;F kw;Wk; jzpf;if (CAG) mikg;gpd; jiytuhf uh[Pt; nkfup\p gjtpNaw;G

\KD WB\^

aepjp MNahf; mikg;gpd; Jizj; jiytuhf nghUshjhu epGzh; uh[pt; Fkhh; nrg;. 1 nghWg;Ngw;Ws;shh;.

a ,e;jpahtpw;fhd mnkhpf;f J}juhf ‘nfd;dj; [];lh;” epakdk; nra;ag;gl;Ls;shh;.

a Njrpa fdpk Nkk;ghl;L epWtdj;jpd; Gjpa jiyth; kw;Wk; Nkyhz;ik ,af;Feh; - N. igN[e;jpu Fkhh;.

a jkpo;ehl;ilr; Nrh;e;j eph;kyh rPj;jhuhkd; - ,uhZt ke;jphpahf gjtpNaw;whh;. ,e;jpuh fhe;jpf;F gpwF ,uhZt ke;jphpahf gjtpNaw;Fk; ,uz;lhtJ ngz; eph;kyh rPj;juhkd; Mth;.

→ Rje;jpu ,e;jpahtpd; KONeu ngz; ,uhZt ke;jpup vd;w rpwg;ig mtu; ngw;Ws;shh;.

a =efu; khefuhl;rpapd; J}a;ik ,e;jpah jpl;l J}Jtu; ‘gpyhy; mapkj; jhh;” vd;w 12 taJ rpWtd; epakdk; nra;ag;gl;Ls;shd;.

a ,e;jpahtpd; Gjpa jiyik fzf;Fj; jzpf;ifahsu; - uh[Pt;nk`;up\p

a vz;nza; kw;Wk; ,aw;if vupthA fofj;jpd; Gjpa jiytu; - `h\prq;fu;

a ,e;jpa `hf;fp mzpapd; jiyikg; gapw;rpahsu; Nuhyz;l; Yy;l;kd;]; gjtpapypUe;J ePf;fk; nra;ag;gl;Ls;shh;.

a ,e;jpa Mlth; `hf;fp mzp gapw;rpahsuhf nejh;yhe;jpd; N[hh;l; khhp[;Nd epakpf;fg;gl;lhh;. mth; Vw;nfdNt ,e;jpa kfsph; mzpapd; gapw;rpahsuhfTk; cs;shh;. cyff; Nfhg;igia ntd;w [Pdpah; `hf;fp mzp gapw;rpahsh; `Nue;jpu rpq;> Mlth; rPdpah; mzpapd; rpwg;Gg; gapw;rpahsuhf epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shh;.

g\

71


]VV\#V[{\D

nfd;dj; [];nlu;> fle;j [Pd; khjk; tiu buk;gpd; ru;tNjr nghUshjhu tptfhuq;fs; Jiz cjtpahsuhfTk;> Njrpa nghUshjhu fTd;rpypd; Jiz ,af;FduhfTk; gjtp tfpj;jhh;.

mjw;F Kd;djhf fle;j 2001 Kjy; 2005k; Mz;Ltiu Kd;dhs; mjpgu; [hh;[; G\;rpd; tzpf nrayhsuhfTk; gzpahw;wp cs;shh;.

kV V kV .. V

\D

ruf;F - Nrit thp tpjpg;G Kiwapy;> thpf; fzf;Ffisr; nrYj;Jtjw;F cjTk; [pv];b nel;nthh;f; epWtdj;jpd; ,ilf;fhyj; jiytuhf V.gp.ghz;Nl epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shh;.

[pv];b nel;nthh;f;fpd; Kjy; jiytuhd etPd; Fkhhpd; gjtpf; fhyk; fle;j Mf];l; 29 Mk; NjjpAld; Kbtile;jJ mijaLj;J V.gp.ghz;NlTf;F $Ljyhf me;jg; nghWg;G toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

]kDVkk|sk][J

zV\D,e;jpa tk;rhtspiar; Nrh;e;j =uhk; fpU\;zd; vd;gtiu

Ltpl;lh; epWtdk; nrayp jahhpg;G Jiwapd; %j;j ,af;Fduhf epakpj;Js;sJ. mf;Nlhgh; 2k; Njjp gzpapy; Nrh;thh; vd $wg;gLfpwJ.

Ltpl;lh; epWtdj;jpd; jahhpg;G FOTld; ,ize;j gzpahw;wg; NghtJ Fwpj;J fpU\;zd; Ltpl; nra;jpUe;jhh;. mjw;F Ltpl;lh; epWtdj;jpd; jiyik eph;thf mYtyh; [f; fpU\;zid tuNtw;W gjpy; Ltpl; nra;Js;shh;.

AVF \[ A] zV F..\V

\Dvd;.I.V. vdg;gLk; Njrpa Gydha;T mikg;gpd; Gjpa

,af;Feuhf Xa;.rp. Nkhbia epakdk; nra;J kj;jpa muR mwptpg;G ntspapl;Ls;sJ tUk; mf;Nlhgh; khjk; jw;NghJ vd;.I.V ,af;Feuhf ,Uf;Fk; b[p ruj;Fkhhpd; gjtpf;fhyk; epiwtila cs;s epiyapy; Gjpa ,af;Feuhf Xa;.rp. Nkhb epakdk; nra;ag;gl;Ls;shh;.

g\

72


V Vo][ Kk_ VV zVtaV[\Dghuj; ngl;Nuhypak; epWtdj;jpd; mYty; rhuhj ,af;Feuhf

jkpopir nrse;juh[d; epakdk; nra;ag;gl;Ls;sjhf kj;jpa muR mwptpj;Js;sJ.

ghuj; ngl;Nuhypak; epWtdj;jpd; mYty; rhuhj ,af;Feuhf jkpof gh.[.f. jiyth; jkpopir nrse;juuh[d; epakdk; nra;ag;gl;Ls;shh;. mtuJ gjtpf;fhyk; 3 Mz;Lfs; MFk;.

A]zk\D,yq;if fphpf;nfl; mzpapd; Njh;Tf;FOj; jiyth; gjtpapy;

,Ue;J rdj; n[a#hpah tpyfpdhh;. NkYk; mtuJ mzpapd; fPo; nray;gl;l midtUk; gjtp tpyfpdh;. ,e;epiyapy; ,yq;if mzpapd; Gjpa Njh;Tf;FOj; jiytuhf Kd;dhs; tPuh; f;hPk; Nyg;uha; Njh;T nra;ag;gl;lhh;. ,jid ,yq;if fphpf;nfl; thhpaj; jiyth; jpyq;f Rkjpghyh cWjpgLj;jpdhh;.

nF]k][kVskVVgpbI epWtdj;jpd; 69MtJ Mz;L nghJf;FOf; $l;lk; jpy;ypapy;

eilngw;wJ.mijj;njhlh;e;J ,af;Fdh; FO cWg;gpdh;fs; gjtpf;fSf;fhd

Njh;jy; eilngw;wJ. mjpy; epWtdj;jpd; jiytuhf ,e;jpad; vf;];gpu]; FOkj;jpd; Nkyhz; ,af;Feh; tpNtf; Nfhaq;fhTk; Jizj; jiytuhf jp `pe;J gj;jphpifapd; Kd;dhs; Mrphpah; vd;.utpAk; Njh;e;njLf;fg;gl;ldh;.

g\

Vetrii IAS Academy

73


V \ V k Ê

a,e;jpa rpWePuftpaypd; je;ij (Father of nephrology in India) vd miof;fg;gLk; nf.v];.rhf; fhykhdhh;.

a,e;jpa tpkhdg;gil Kd;dhs; jiyik jsgjp khu;\y; mu;[_d; rpq; fhykhdhh;

s|

,e;jpa fphpf;nfl; mzp Nfg;ld; tpuhl; Nfhyp kl;il tPr;rhsh;fSf;fhd juthpirapy; xUehs; fpupf;nfl; jutupir gl;bay; kw;Wk; T20> Nghl;b Mfpa ,Utif Nghl;bfspYk; Kjyplj;ijg; ngw;Ws;shh;.

ICC - V^ >k B_ kX|

V^ T^ >k B_x>_ 10 ^

1. tpuhl; Nfhyp - ,e;jpah 2. Nltpl; thh;dh; - M];jpNuypah 3. V.gp.btpy;ypah;]; - njd;dhg;gphpf;fh 4. N[h&l; - ,q;fpyhe;J 5. ghgt; M]k; - ghfp];jhd; 6. Nfd; tpy;ypak;rd; - epA+rpyhe;J 7. Ftpd;ld; b Nfhf; - njd;dhg;gphpf;fh 8. L gpns];]p]; - njd;dhg;gphpf;fh 9. Nuh`pj; rh;kh - ,e;jpah 10. khh;l;bd; Fl;by; - epA+rpyhe;J

Irprpapd; xUehs; fpupf;nfl; Nghl;bfSf;fhd Ngl;];Nkd;fs; jutup-irapy; xUehs; jutup-irapy; mjpf Gs;spfs; (887) ngw;w xNu ,e;jpau; vd;w rr;rpdpd; rhjidia ,e;jpa Nfg;ld; tpuhl;Nfhyp rkd; nra;Js;shh;.

rkPgj;jpy; ,yq;iff;F vjpuhd njhlupy; 2 rjq;fs; vLj;jjd; %yk; Nfhyp ,e;j rhjidia gilj;Js;shh;.

E [V>B \[ F> V o

sV|

74


c zm V_ >D k[ ]B T^: 1. fTut; gpJhp (2017) - ntz;fyk;

2. \pt;jhgh (2015) - ntz;fyk;

3. tpfh]; fpU\;zd; (2011) - ntz;fyk;

4. tpN[e;jpu[py; (2009) - ntz;fyk;

c zm V (2019) ]B T mz k >D

19tJ cyf Fj;Jr;rz;lil Nghl;bfs; n[h;kdp ehl;bd; `k;gh;f; efhpy; ele;jJ. ,jpy; 56 fpNyh vilg;gphptpdUf;fhd miu ,Wjpapy; ,e;jpa tPuh; fTut; tpJhp> mnkhpf;fhtpd; Ff; u`hd; cld; 0-5 vd;w Gs;sp fzf;fpy; Njhy;tp mile;jJ. miu ,Wjpf;F Kd;Ndwpajw;fhf gpJupf;F ntd;fyg;gjf;fk; nfhLf;fg;gl;lJ.

cyf Fj;Jr;rz;il Nghl;bfspy; gjf;fk; ntd;w 4-tJ ,e;jpauhf (rhjidg; gl;baypy;) nly;ypiar; Nrh;e;j 24 tajhd gpJhp ,ize;Js;shh;.

rh;tNjr xUehs; fphpf;nfl; Nghl;bfspy; mjpf Kiw Ml;lkpof;fhky; ,Ue;jjpy; (Not out) Njhdp Gjpa cyf rhjidia epfo;j;jpAs;shh;.

fphpf;nfl;by; mjpfKiw NOT OUT tPuh;fs;:

kNfe;jpurpq; Njhdp - 73 (Not out) (,e;jpah)

\hd; nghy;yhf; - 72 (Not out) (njd;dhg;gphpf;f)

rgpe;j th]; - 72 (Not out) (,yq;if)

ikf;Nfy; ngtd; - 67 (Not out) (M];jpNuypah)

_ ] x NOT OUT\]E >M c >

c mV |>_ VDB[ ]B T [ t_ k^ k[V

u\;a ehl;bd; kh];Nfh efhpy; cyf Jg;ghf;fpr; RLjy; rhk;gpad;\pg; Nghl;b eilngw;W tUfpwJ. ,jpy; eilngw;w MltUf;fhd lGs; buhg; gphpT ,Wjp Nghl;bapy; ,e;jpahtpd; md;$h; kpl;ly; nts;spg; gjf;fj;ijf; ifg;gw;wpdhh;.

u\;ahtpd; tplhyp NghNfTf;Fk; ,e;jpahtpd; md;$h; fLk; rthy; nfhLj;jhh;. ,Wjpapy; nkhj;jKs;s 80 Gs;spfspy; 66 Gs;spfs; ngw;W nts;spg; gjf;fk; ngw;whh;.

[Pdpah; gphptpy; mwpKf tPuuhd Mo;thh; hp];tp 66 Gs;spfs; ngw;W nts;spg; gjf;fk; ntd;Ws;sJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.

sV|

75


\[smV\]VMnm

,e;jpahtpd; %d;whtJ kpf cah;e;j Fbkfd; tpUJ gj;kG+\d; fphpf;nfl;by; rpwe;j Nritahw;wpajw;fhf gj;kG+\d; tpUJf;fhf ,e;jpa fphpf;nfl; Mizak; ,e;jpa Kd;dhs; Nfg;ld; kNfe;jpu rpq; Nlhdpia ghpe;Jiu nra;J cs;sJ.

mh;[Pdh> uh[Pt; fhe;jp> nfy;uj;dh> gj;kg= tpUjpiz Vw;fdNt Nlhdp ngw;Ws;shh;. gj;k G+\z; tpUJ Nlhdpf;F toq;fg;gl;lhy;> ,e;j tpUJ ngWk; 11tJ ,e;jpa fphpf;nfl; tPuh; Mthh;.

19kmzVVV\[k_Vl_8k[D\Vs

njd;dhg;gphpf;fhtpy; eilngw;w 19 taJf;Fl;gl;NlhUf;fhd fhkd;nty;j; Nghl;bapy; 8 jq;fg;gjf;fq;fs; ntd;w Nryk; khztpf;F cw;rhf tuNtw;G mspf;fg;gl;lJ.

gSJ}f;Fk; tPuhq;fizahd epNtjh> njd; Mg;gphpf;fhtpy; eilngw;w 19 taJf;Fl;gl;NlhUf;fhd fhkd;nty;j;gSJ}f;Fk; Nghl;bapy; fye;J nfhz;L 43 fpNyh vil gphpT> nly; ypg;l;> ngd;r; gpu];> ];f;thl; cs;spl;l gphpTfspy; 8 jq;fg;gjf;fq;fis ntd;wNjhL> xl;Lnkhj;j rhk;gpad;\pg; gl;lj;ijAk; ntd;whh;.

[VVs_zVoDVVRV_ul_xD

njd;nfhhpahtpd; pyeongchang efhpy;> mLj;j Mz;L gpg;uthp khjk; 9-Mk; Njjp 25-k; Njjp tiu Fsph;fhy xypk;gpf; Nghl;bfs;d eilngwTs;sd. ,jpy; gq;Nfw;W ntw;wpngWk; tPuh; tPuhq;fidfSf;F toq;fg;gLk; gjf;fq;fs; mwpKfg;gLj;Jk; tpoh pyeongchang xypk;gpf; fkpl;b mwpKfg;gLj;jpAs;sJ. jiy efh; Seoal efhpy; eilngw;w mwpKf tpohtpy;> jq;fk;> nts;sp> ntz;fyg; gjf;fq;fs; ntspaplg;gl;ld.

gk uB US [M

a mnkupf;fhtpd; epA+ahu;f;fpy; cs;s Mu;ju; MN\ muq;fpy; Kjy;Kiwahf fpuhz;l;];yhk; ,Wjpg;Nghl;by; fye;Jnfhs;Sk; nf\d; Mz;lu;rid 6-3> 6-3> 6-4 vd;w Neu;nrl; fzf;fpy; tPo;j;jp 2017-k; Mz;Lf;fhd Mltu; xw;iwau; OS Xgd; nld;dp]; Nghl;bia ];ghdpa nld;dp]; tPuu; u‡Ngy; elh]; ntd;Ws;shh;.

a kfspu; xw;iwau; gpuptpy; mnkupf;f - tPuhq;fiz ‘];Nyhd; ];Bgd;];” ntd;Ws;shh;.

sV|

76 ku n.. _s \BD


2017-U-16 >uVEB >V VDB[

Neghsj;jpd; fhj;khz;Ltpy;

eilngw;w ,Wjp yPf; Nghl;bapy; G+lhid

131-50 vd;w fzf;fpy; Njhw;fbj;jjd;

%yk; 2-tJ U-16 njw;fhrpa $ilg;ge;J

rhk;gpad;\pg;ig ,e;jpah ntd;Ws;sJ.

\uVEB sV V - 2 k >D k[ xD \Vk[ V> eilngw;w ,lk; : ,yq;if (th];fLthtpy;)

,jpy; Kk;igiar; Nru;e;j ep\g; \h vd;w 14-taJ rpWtd; 2 gpuptpy; ntz;fyk; gjf;fk; ntd;Ws;shd;

c VDB[ 2017 eilngw;w ,lk; - Nghu;j;Jf;fy;

mdh Nfhu];Nfh vd ];ngapd; ehl;bid Nru;e;j ngz; igf;fu; cyf rhk;gpad;\pg;ig ntd;w Kjy; ngz; igf;fu; Mthh;.

2017 \ uB VB {[ t[ V eilngw;w ,lk; - njd;nfhupah (rpNahypy;)

2017 kfspu; xw;iwau; nfhupa Xg;gd; #g;gu; rPup]; Ngl;kpz;ld; Nghl;bapy; ,e;jpa tPuhq;fiz gp.tp.rpe;J [g;ghdpd; NehNrhkp Yf;F`huhit 22> 20> 11 - 21> 20-18 vd;w fzf;fpy; Njhw;fbj;jhh;.

2017 VxVI E V V eilngw;w ,lk; - nkupdh Ng ];l;uPl; ru;f;A+l; (rpq;fg;G+u;)

nku;rpb]; AMG Petrones mzp rhh;gpy; ‡ghh;Kyh-I ge;jaj;jpy; fye;Jnfhs;Sk; gpupl;b\; fhh; ge;jatPuuhd yP\]; \hkpy;ld; ntw;wpngw;whh;.

\VVs_ u ISSP ]BV >D k[m

cyf RLJg;ghf;fp rhk;gpad; \pg;gpy; rPdpah; Mlth; lGs; l;uhg; epfo;tpy; xU jq;fk; kw;Wk; ,uz;L nts;spg;gjf;fq;fis ,e;jpa ntd;Ws;sJ. ,e;jg; Nghl;bapy; [_dpah; mzpg;gphptpd; nkhj;j kjpg;ngz;fs; 401 cld; ,e;jpah jq;fk; ntd;wJ.

sV|

77ku n.. _s \BD


2019 V\[k_ V^ ]BVs_ D 2019f;fhd Nghl;bfis ,e;jpahTf;F xJf;fp> fhkd;nty;j;

gSJ}f;Fk; $l;likg;gpd; nraw;FO> M];jpNuypahtpd; Nfhy;l; Nfh];by; ,jid KbTnra;jJ. 2018f;fhd Nghl;bfs; Nfhy;l; Nfh];l;by; eilngWk;.

]B >V l_ >k kVu m^Va M];jpNuypah Njrpa $ilg;ge;J yPf; mzpahy; Njh;e;njLf;fg;gl;l

Kjy; ,e;jpa tPuuhf Mdjd; NBL - y; M];jpNuypah mzpf;fhf tpisahLk; Kjy; ,e;jpa tPuuhf mkphpj;ghy; rpq; khwpAs;shh;.

];Nyhntdpah [Pdpah; kw;Wk; Nfll; Xgd; Nlgps; nld;dp]; Nghl;bapd; Mlth; xw;iwah; gphptpy; ,e;jpahtpd; khzt; jf;fhh; jq;fk; ntd;Ws;shh;.

jf;fhh; jdJ ,Wjp Ml;lj;jpy; [g;ghdpd; lNfU fh\pthit Njhw;fbj;jhh;.

,e;jg; Nghl;bapd; ,ul;ilah; gphptpYk; jq;fk; ntd;w khzt; jf;fhh;> mzp gphpty; nts;sp ntd;whh;. ,jd; %yk; ,e;jg; Nghl;bapd; rpwe;j tPuuhfTk; khzt; jf;fhh; Njh;T nra;ag;gl;lhh;.

[M]T\VVzD

\ {[ [ VDB[ mnkhpf;f xgd; nld;dp]; Nghl;bapy; kfsph; xw;iwah; gphptpy; mnkhpf;fhtpd; ];Nyhd; ];Bgd;];> rf ehl;ltuhd Nkbrd; fPg;]; tPo;j;jp rhk;gpad; gl;lk; ntd;whh;. ,J mth; nty;Yk; Kjy; fpuhz;l;];yhk; gl;lk; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.

Mz;bd; filrp fpuhz;l;];yhk; Nghl;bahd mnkhpf;f xgdpy;> kfsph; xw;iwah; gphpT ,Wjpr;Rw;W ,e;jpa Neug;gb eilngw;wJ. ,e;jr; Rw;wpy; Nghl;bj; juthpirapy; 15 tJ ,lj;jpy; ,Ue;j rf ehl;ltUk; NjhopAkhd Nkbrd; fPg;]; vjph;nfhz;lhh; ];Bgd;]; mnkhpf;f Xgdpy; NkhjpaJ ,J Kjy; KiwahFk;.

sV|

78


V^ V >kl_ 6km xBV x>_ > > ]BV

M];jpNuypa fphpf;nfl; mzp ,e;jpahtpy; Rw;Wg;gazk; nra;J tpisahb tUfpwJ.

5 xUehs; Nghl;bj; njhlhpy; ,Jtiu ele;j 3 Ml;lj;jpYk; tpuhl;Nfhyp jiyikapyhd ,e;jpa mzp ntd;W njhliu ifg;gw;wpaJ ,e;J}hpy; ele;j 3-MtJ Nghl;bapy; ntw;wp ngw;wjd; %yk; ,e;jpa mzp I.rp.rp juthpir gl;baypy; Kjy; ,lj;ij gpbj;jJ.

VV zkVi o_ ViV `hq;fhq; rh;tNjr ];Fth\; Nghl;bj; njhlhpd; kfsph; gphpT ,Wjpg; Nghl;bapy; tpisahl ,e;jpa tPuhq;fid N[h\;dh rpd;dg;gh jFjp ngw;whh;. miu ,Wjpapy; cs;@h; tPuhq;fid Mdp MTld; Nkhjpa N[h\;dh fzf;fpy; fLikahfg; Nghuhb ntd;whh;. tpWtpWg;ghd ,g;Nghl;b xU kzp 11 epkplk; ePbj;jJ. Nty;]; tPuhq;fis nl];dp vtd;]; - E}h; vy; lhapg; (vfpg;J) ,ilNa elf;Fk; 2 tJ miu ,Wjpapy; ntw;wp ngWk; tPuhq;fidia igdypy; N[h\;dh re;jpf;f cs;shh;.

Vc\_VD[]TVVD\VoD

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79


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V\[k_ Vl_ >D k[V yiz\V EkoD

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Vetrii IAS Academy

84


kV \V>D ]BVD iBVD | Vbk luEB m[. ,e;jpah kw;Wk; u\;ah mf;Nlhgu; khjj;jpy; xU ngupa ,uhZt

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Kf;fpa Fwpg;G: flw;gil> ,uhZtk; kw;Wk; tpkhdg;gil Nghd;w xU ngupa mstpyhd Kg;gilfSk; gq;Nfw;Fk; Kj;jug;G ,uhZt eltbf;iffs; ,e;jpah <LgLtJ ,JNt Kjy; KiwahFk;.

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VD;tp\d; 2018 Nehf;fk;> ,e;jpahtpd; Fiwthd gzj;jpw;F

tFg;G fl;lzk; kw;Wk; jPh;T mikg;Gfis rpwe;j Kiwapy; cUthf;Ftij Nehf;fkhff; nfhz;Ls;sJ.

5CS ftNu[;> trjp> ek;gpf;if> Ftpg;G kw;Wk; nryT Mfpatw;wpd;

gug;gsitf; Fwpf;fpd;wd.

JVVB xBuE^;Vision 2018, ,e;j tpidj;jpwd;> fl;Lg;ghL> rf;jptha;e;j

Nkw;ghh;it kw;Wk; thbf;ifahsh; ikak; Nghd;w ehd;F %Nyhgha; Kaw;rpfs; kPJ ftdk; nrYj;Jk;.

Vm

Vetrii IAS Academy

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#F\ ]B B

J}a;ik ,e;jpah ,af;fk; (Sachh Bharat Abhiyan) mf;Nlhgh;

2> 2014 md;W GJnly;yp> uh[;fhl;by; ,e;jpag; gpujkh; eNue;jpu

Nkhb Jtq;fp itj;jhh;. fhe;jp jq;fpapUe;j ,y;yj;jpw;F ntspNa

njhlq;fg;gl;l ,e;j ,af;fk; Rkhh; 30 yl;rk; muR gzpahsh;fisf;

nfhz;Lk;> gs;sp> fy;Y}hp khzth;fs; gq;fspg;Gld; eilg;ngw;W

tUfpwJ. ,e;j jpl;lNk ,e;jpahtpd; kpfg;nghpa J}a;ik ,af;f

jpl;lkhFk;.

#F\B B

,e;jpa muR Vg;uy; 1> 1999 md;W vspa Cuf Jg;GuT

jpl;lj;ijf; fl;likg;G khw;wk; nra;J r%fj; jiyik KOikj; Jg;GuT

gug;Giuiaj; (TSC) njhlq;fp itj;jJ. gpd; 2012> Vg;uy; 1-y; eph;ky;

ghuj; mgpahd; (Nirmal Bharat Abiyan) vd kd;Nkhfd; rpq; mth;fshy;

ngah; khw;wk; nra;ag;gl;lJ. eph;ky; ghuj; mgpahd; fl;likg;ig khw;wp

J}a;ik ,e;jpah ,af;fk; vd kj;jpa muR 2014 nrg;lk;gh; 24 y; xg;Gjy; mspj;jJ.

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2019 mf;Nlhgh; md;W kfhj;kh fhe;jpapd; 150tJ gpwe;j ehs; nfhz;lhlg;glTs;s epiyapy; me;j ehs;fSf;F ,e;jpahtpy; jpwe;jntspf; fopg;gplq;fs; ,y;yhj ehlhf;Fjy;.

1. kdpj fopTfis kdpjh;fNs mfw;Wtij jtph;j;jy;.

2. kW Row;rp jplf;fopT Nkyhz;ik kw;Wk; mwptpay; hPjpahd Kiwfspy; fopit mfw;Wjy;

3. murhq;fk;> jdpahh; kw;Wk; kf;fspd; gq;fspg;Gld; J}a;ik epiy ehl;ly;

A1. efuj;jpy; efu tPl;L trjp mikr;rfk; nray;gLj;JfpwJ.

2. ehl;bYs;s 4041 efuq;fspy; rhiyfs;> fl;likg;Gfis J}a;ikgLj;Jjy;.

3. Rfhjhuk; gw;wpa tpopg;Gzh;tpid Vw;gLj;Jjy;.

4. Nrhp Nghd;w gFjpfspy; nghJ fopg;giwia epWTjy;.

\A1. FbePh; kw;Wk; Rfhjhu Jiw %yk; 4626 fpuhkq;fspy; ,j;jpl;lk;

nray;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ.

2. midj;J tPLfspYk; fopg;giw trjpapid cUthf;Fjy;.

3. kf;fSf;F cjTk; tifapy; fopg;giw fl;Ltjw;F khdpak; toq;Fjy;.

^ _^1. Kiwahd fopg;gpl trjp Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhLj;jy;.

2. J}a;ikapd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;jpid czh;j;j Nfe;jphpa tpj;ahyah> eNthja tpj;ahyah gpur;ruk; nra;J tUfpwJ.

3. rh;trpf;\h mgpahd> uh[;bhpa kj;jpa rpf;\h mgpahd; %yk; gs;spfspy; J}a;ik ,e;jpah ,af;fj;ij nray;gLj;Jjy;

k t[ 2017 ,e;jpa ju FO Nkw;nfhz;l Ma;twpf;if (QCI) %yk; ehL KOtjpYk; 62.45% tPLfspy; fopg;giw trjp cs;sJ. 91.29% Nky; fopg;giwfis gad;gLj;Jfpd;wdh;. ,e;j jpl;lk; mky;gLj;jg;gl;ljpypUe;J Rkhh; 4.54 Nfhb tPLfspy; fopg;giwfs; fl;lg;gl;Ls;sd.

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E B_|> \W^1. rpf;fpk;

2. ehfyhe;J

3. kzpg;G+h;

4. cj;jpufhz;l;

E B_|> B \W^1. Nfush> `hpahd ,e;j khepyq;fspy; midj;J tPLfSf;Fk;

fopg;giw trjp Vw;gLj;jg;gl;L jpwe;j ntsp fopg;gplkpy;yhj khepykhf mwptpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

2. F[uhj; kw;Wk; jkpofk; KiwNa 85% kw;Wk; 79% fpuhkg;Gw tPLfspy; fopg;giw trjp cs;sJ.

3. 2017k; Mz;L kpf J}a;ikahd efukhf ,e;jpa (kj;jpa gpuNjrk;) Njh;T nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.

\\ FB \W^1. gPfhhpy; 30% Kjy; cj;jpu gpuNjrj;jpy; 37%Kk; [hh;fz;l; -

37% kl;LNk fopg;giw trjpfs; cs;sd. vd ,e;jpa juf;FO jdJ Ma;twpf;ifapy; Fwpg;gpl;lJ.

x

J}a;ikapd; mtrpaj;ij czh;j;jp kf;fspilNa tpopg;Gzh;tpid Vw;gLj;j kj;jpa khepy muRfs; gy Kaw;rpfis Nkw;nfhz;L tUfpwJ. muRld; kf;fSk; ,ize;J jpl;lj;ij nray;gLj;jp tUfpd;wdh;.

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ntw;wpapd; elg;G epfo;Tfs; nrg;lk;gu;-2017 sV-s

1. nrg;lk;gu; 3y; eilngw;w mikr;ruit tpupthf;fj;jpd; gpd; jw;Nghija kj;jpa mikr;ru;fspd; vz;zpf;if?

(A) 73 (B) 75 (C) 76 (D) 78

2. UNESCO tpdhy; ghuk;gupa efukhf mq;fPfupf;fg;gl;Ls;s ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; efuk;?

(A) GtNd];tu; (B) nrd;id (C) mfkjhghj; (D) jpUtde;jGuk;

3. "European X-ray Free Electron Laser" vdg;ngauplg;gl;Ls;s cyfpd; kpfg;ngupa vf;];Nu Nyru; Jg;ghf;fp cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;s ehL?

(A) mnkupf;fh (B) [g;ghd; (C) u\pah (D) n[u;kdp

4. ghd; vz;Zld; Mjhu; vz;iz ,izg;gjw;fhf ePl;bf;fg;gl;Ls;s fhy mtfhrk;?

(A) nrg;lk;gu; 31 (B) etk;gu; 31 (C) brk;gu; 31 (D) [dtup 31

5. rkPgj;jpy; kj;jpa murhy; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;s ,ytr Crp %yk; nrYj;jg;gLk; fUj;jil kUe;J?

(A) ra;ah (B) MNuhrdh (C) Mde;jh (D) me;jhuh

6. epjp MNahf; mikg;gpd; Jizj; jiytuhf epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;stu;? (A) g&f; mg;Jy;yh (B) uh[Pt; Fkhh; (C) ,uh[Pt; Nkdd; (D) \pahk; ghdu;[p

7. rkPgj;jpy; nra;jpapy; te;j 'Nuh`pq;ah K];ypk;fs; tptfhuk;" njhlu;Gila mz;il ehL?

(A) jha;yhe;J (B) nksuPrpa]; (C) Neghsk; (D) kpahd;ku;

8. nrg;lk;gu; 2017y;> ,e;jpah ,yq;iff;F toq;fpAs;s Nuhe;Jf; fg;gypd; ngau; (A) \PFthh;l; (B) ,e;jpuh (C) Xrd;ngy;l; (D) tUzh

9. ,e;jpah tk;rhtspia Nru;e;j N[.xa;.gps;is Mf;bq; [dhjpgjpahf epakdk; nra;ag;gl;Ls;s ehL?

(A) kNyrpah (B) rpq;fg;G+u; (C) Neghsk; (D) nksuPrpa];

10. ru;tNjr vOj;jwpT jpdk; (A) nrg;lk;gu; (B) nrg;lk;gu; 8 (C) nrg;lk;gu; 9 (D) nrg;lk;gu; 10

11. ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; i`gu;Y}g; Nghf;Ftuj;J jpl;lk;> gpd;tUk; ve;j efuq;fSf;fpilNa mikaTs;sJ?

(A) Kk;ig-fy;fj;jh (B) G+Nd-mfkjhghj; (C) tp[athlh-mkuhtjp (D) Mfkjhghj;-Mf;uh

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12. "How India Sees the World: Kautilya to the 21st Century" vDk; Gj;jfj;jpd; Mrpupau; (A) m[a; g+\d; ghz;Nl (B) \pahk; ruz; (C) vd;;.uhk; (D) tpNtf; Nfhaq;fh

13. 'cyf kdpj %yjd gl;bay; 2017" (Global Human Capital Index) y; ,e;jpah ngw;Ws;s ,lk;?

(A) 98 (B) 103 (C) 101 (D) 107

14. ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; Gy;yl; uapy; jpl;lk; %yk; ,izf;fg;glTs;s efuq;fs;? (A) fhe;jpefu;-GtNd];tu; (B) mfkjhghj;-Kk;ig (C) mfkjhghj;-jpy;yp (D) tNjhjuh-Mkjhghj;

15. nfhupa Xgd; #g;gu; rPup]; ghl;kpz;ld; Nghl;bapy; kfspu; xw;iwah; gpuptpy; rhk;gpad; gl;lk; ntd;Ws;s ,e;jpah;?

(A) gp.tp.rpe;J (B) rha;dh nea;thy; (C) jPghkhypf; (D) Nefh gl;Nly;

16. ,e;jpa tk;rhtspiar; Nru;e;j '`ypkh ah$g;" Kjy; ngz; mjpguhf Nju;T nra;ag;gl;Ls;s ehL?

(A) kNyrpah (B) rpq;fg;G+h; (C) `tha;jPTfs; (D) nlhkpdpf;FbauR

17. rkPgj;jpy; nra;jpfspy; te;j 'Nlhf;Rup Gay;" jhf;fpa ehL? (A) [g;ghd; (B) tpal;ehk; (C) mnkupf;fh (D) ,e;NjhNdrpah

18. 2018-k; Mz;L [_d; khjk; Kjy; ngz;fs; fhu; Xl;l mDkjp toq;fpAs;s ehL? (A) ,e;NjhNdrpah (B) khyj;jPT (C) <uhd; (D) rTjp mNugpah

19. kj;jpa murpd; vd;w ,izajs Nrit njhlu;GilaJ? (A) midtUf;Fk; fy;tpj; jpl;lk; (B) Foe;ij njhopyhsh; xopg;G (C) KjpNahh; fy;tp (D) Rw;Wyh Nkk;ghL

20. nrg;lk;gu; 2017y; 'gJfk;kh jpUtpoh" eilngw;w khepyk; (A) njYq;fhdh (B) fu;ehlfh (C) Nfush (D) Me;jpuh

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10C C D C D B D D B B11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20C B B B A B B D B A

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