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TNO ENERGYapplications of biostratigraphy: Shallow gas
Petroleum geosciences 2012
Shallow Gas in the Netherlands
JIP project
Cenozoic delta systems, and sequence stratigraphic concepts in relation to shallow gas occurrences in the Dutch offshore
Scope II
Depotcentre
Sediment input
Scope I
10 januari 2011
M Bouman �TNO Nieuwe huisstijl
2
Goal ?
Prediction shallow gas locations, Shallow gas petroleum systems
How ?
obtaining critical knowledge of the architecture and properties of these,
yet not well understood, reservoirs.
Workflow:
Shallow gas is one of the unconventional gas resources that is yet to be explored . . .
Stratigraphic
concept
Stratigraphic
frameworkProperty attribution HC potential
Shallow gas systems
Sequence-stratigraphic concepts & plays in relation to shallow
gas occurrences in the Dutch offshore
Improved 3D mapping in detailed chronostratigraphic frameworkDelta model describes distribution of reservoirs and seals Sequence stratigraphy describes timing and character of reservoirs and seals
Bright spots may be linked to
specific time slices
Silt-Clay couplets relate to first Northern Hemisphere glacial-interglacial cycles and act as reservoir/seal units
880m
885m
890m
895m
900m
905m
910m
915m
920m
925m
930m
935m
940m
945m
950m
955m
960m
965m
970m
975m
980m
985m
990m
995m
1000m
1005m
1010m
1015m
1020m
1025m
1030m
1035m
1040m
1045m
1050m
1055m
1060m
1065m
1070m
1075m
1080m
(API)50 200 0
890.05
892.80
894.80
897.80
899.80
904.43
908.01
918.15
920.60
928.50
938.30
941.90
944.55
946.75
953.25
955.65
959.20
961.40
975
985
990
995.00
1015
1030
1050
1070
1079.0
Spores/pollen
Dinocysts
BrigantediniumFilisphaeraHabibacystaBitectatodiniumRestO.centrocarpumSpiniferitesO. israelianumLingulodinium
Depth
895m
900m
905m
910m
915m
920m
925m
930m
935m
940m
945m
950m
955m
960m
965m
970m
975m
980m
985m
990m
995m
1000m
1005m
1010m
1015m
1020m
1025m
1030m
1035m
1040m
1045m
1050m
1055m
1060m
1065m
1070m
1075m
1080m
1085m
1090m
1095m
1100m
75 200
(S
918.40 DMU
921.95 DMU
926.00 DMU
929.50 DMU
938.10 DMU
943.60 DMU
971.40 DMU
974.85 DMU
977.45 DMU
978.85 DMU
981.80 DMU
984.80 DMU
987.15 DMU
988.50 DMU
997.80 DMU
999.80 DMU
1003.80 DMU
1008.35 DMU
1011.30 DMU
1014.30 DMU
1064.0 DMU
1067.0 DMU
1070.0 DMU
1073.0 DMU
1076.0 DMU
1079.0 DMU
1082.0 DMU
1085.0 DMU1086.0 DMU
1088.0 DMU
1089.9 DMU
2.00
3.00
4.5 2.5
ODP Site 846Delta 18O
AgeMa
100
98
96
104
92
80
100
98
96
99
97
95
94
MA
TU
YA
MA
GA
US
S
GR SUS
102
2.58
GR
A15-3 A15-4
101
103
Forams
Rest
Freshwater
Reworking
Spores/pollen
Dinocysts
Forams
Rest
Freshwater
Reworking
BrigantediniumFilisphaeraHabibacystaBitectatodiniumRestO.centrocarpumSpiniferitesO. israelianumLingulodinium
Reservoirs with biogenic &
thermogenic gas at Plio -
Pleistocene boundary
Silt-Clay couplets relate to
glacial-interglacial cycles
Glacial clays form regional
seals
A15-3A15-3
Geobiology component: age model & depositional model
Marine signal (dinocysts):Sea Surface TemperatureProductivity
Salinity or fresh-water influence
(maximum floodings)
Marine signal (dinocysts):Marine signal (dinocysts):Sea Surface TemperatureSea Surface Temperature
ProductivityProductivity
Salinity or freshSalinity or fresh--water influencewater influence
(maximum (maximum floodingsfloodings))
Terrestrial signal (pollen):vegetation climate (cold –warm)
distance from shore
Terrestrial signal (pollen):Terrestrial signal (pollen):vegetation vegetation
climate (cold climate (cold ––warm)warm)
distance from shoredistance from shore
Sample
analysisPaleoenvironment
Geochemical signal:TOC content
Source typing (thermogenic vsbiogenic)
Climate and provenance signal
Geochemical signal:Geochemical signal:TOC contentTOC content
Source typing (Source typing (thermogenicthermogenic vsvs
biogenic)biogenic)
Climate and provenance signalClimate and provenance signal
Ranges
& ages
2.6 Ma2.6 Ma2.6 Ma
1.8 Ma1.8 Ma1.8 Ma
Sampling
wells
Conclusions biostratigraphy shallow gas
Age model pilot areaExcellent chronostrat framework for regional expansion/interpolation
Independent control on seismic and sequence stratigraphic interpretation
Depositional model pilot area
Strong coupling of climate and sediment properties
Independent control on sequence stratigraphic interpretation
Specific intervals are of interest, glacial-interglacial cycles:
Potential source, seal & reservoir (related to bright spots)
Probably expanded across basin (supra-regional climatic driver)
“Inverted” interpretation: warm intervals = coarse sediments = reservoir
cold intervals = fine sediments = seal
Contact: [email protected]
