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TM 9-1375-204-10
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY TECHNICAL MANUAL
OPERATOR'S MANUAL
DEMOLITION KIT,PROJECTED CHARGE, M157
This reprint includes all changes in effect at the time ofpublication; change 1
HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMYJUNE 1962
TM 9-1375-204-10C1
TECHNICAL MANUAL
Operator's ManualDEMOLITION KIT, PROJECTED CHARGE, M157
TM 9-1375-204-10 HEADQUARTERS,DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
CHANGES NO. 1 WASHINGTON 26, D.C., 23 April 1963
TM 9-1375-204-10, 11 June 1962, is changed as follows:
4. Description of Projected Charge Demolition Kit M157 Parts
a. General. The demolition kit * * * through (5)below.
(4) Impact fuse section assembly. Eachimpact fuse section assembly (fig. 7) issimilar to the center loading sectionassembly in the following respects:Length, width, component parts, and twoinsert tubes continuing explosives(composition B and composition C-4).The basic difference * * * approximately153 pounds.
(5) (Superseded) Tail section assembly.The tail section assembly (fig. 8) issimilar to the nose section assembly inthe following respects: length, width,height, weight, and joint system. The jointsystem, located at the front end of the tailsection assembly, is identical to the jointsystem located at the rear end of the nosesection assembly. The tail sectionassembly has a two position (push andpull) sliding rear hook assembly and ahinge assembly. The front notch of therear hook assembly is used whendragging or pulling the demolition kitbackward, while the rear notch of the rearhook assembly is used when pushing thedemolition kit over a minefield. Chainassembly No. 1 pushing against the rearnotch of the rear hook assembly causesthis assembly to slide to the PUSHposition, thereby causing the rear hookbase to make contact with the lastpushing bar, which in turn transmits
pushing force to the pushing bar withineach section. The hinge plate of thehinge assembly, fastened to a hinge and aspring at the rear of the tail sectionassembly, allows chain assembly No. 1 toslide over the tail section assembly andengage the rear notch of the rear hookassembly. The rear hook plate and thehinge plate rests against the bottom of thetank hull when the demolition kit ispushed, thereby preventing the tailsection assembly from being crushed asthe demolition kit is pushed over variedterrain.
b. (Superseded) Tank Accessories. The tankaccessories are described in (1) through (7) below.
Note 1The key letters and numerals shownin parentheses in the paragraphsbelow, refer to figure 9.
Note 2For assembly procedures for tankaccessories, see paragraph 11.
(1) Chain assembly No. 1. Chain assemblyNo. 1 (L) is a 7-foot length (approx.) of5/8-inch chain with two round shackle pinsat its ends. This assembly is used forpushing demolition kit M157 into theminefield area. Cable No. 1 (G) and thecam cleats (F-4) of gear box assembly (F)are used for raising or lowering chainassembly
TAGO 8922A--April1
No. 1 (L). Chain assembly No. 1 issecured to the front towing lugs of thetank.
(2) Drag plate assembly. The drag plateassembly (E) consists of a semicircularplate with a bar welded to one surface.This assembly is used for dragging ortowing the demolition kit to the edge ofthe minefield. Chain assembly No. 2 (C)and shackle No. 1 (A-1) of the extensionbar assemblies (A) are secured to thedrag plate assembly (E) with shoulderscrews (B).
(3) Chair assembly No. 2. Chain assemblyNo. 2 (C) consists of two 2-foot lengths ofY4-inch chain, one y4 X 2inch ring, andtwo modified eye nuts. Each of the twomodified eye nuts are fastened to shackleNo. 1 of the extension bar assemblies (A)with shoulder screws (B) while the ring isfastened to one of the snap-hooks of thespring assembly (D). Chain assembly No.2 (C) together with the spring assembly(D),cable No. 2 (P), and gear boxassembly (F) are used for raising orlowering the drag plate assembly (E).
(4) Extension bar assembly. The two 6footextension bar assemblies (A), consistingof shackle No. 1 (A-1), extension bar (A-2), and shackle No. 2 (A-3), are used tosecure the drag plate assembly (E) to therear of the tank. Shackle No. 1 (A-i) ofeach extension bar assembly (A) isfastened to the drag plate assembly with ashoulder screw (B), while shackle No. 2(A-3) of each assembly is secured to oneof the rear tank towing lugs with a clevispin assembly (K).
(5) Gear box assembly. The gear boxassembly (F) consists of a body (F-i)which contains a ratchet wrench (F2), awrench assembly (F-3), two cam cleats(F-4), gear spool assembly (F-), and apulley assembly (F-6). One end of cableNo. 2 (P) is secured to the gear spoolassembly (F-) while cable No. 1 (G) isheld in the pulley assembly (F-6) of thegear box assembly (F) by the cam cleats(F4). The ratchet wrench (F-2) andwrench assembly (F3) assist the operator
when raising or lowering the drag plateassembly (E) and chain assembly No. 2(C). The gear box assembly (F) isinstalled in the port periscope fitting in thefront of the tank.
(6) Cable No. 1 and cable No. 2. Cable No.1 (G) consists of an 8-foot length of '/-inchdiameter wire. Safety snap hook (H) issecured to Cable No. 1 (G) at one end.Cable No. 2 (P) consists of a 27-footlength of 1/4-inch diameter wire rope.Safety hook (Q) is secured to cable No. 2(P) at one end. One end of cable No. 1(G) is fastened to the cam cleats (F-4) ofthe gear box assembly (F), and the safetysnap hook (H) at the other end is fastenedto chain assembly No. 1 (L). Cable No.2 (P) is fastened to the gear spoolassembly (F-5) of the gear box assembly(F) at one end, and the safety hook (Q) atthe other end to the spring assembly (D).
(7) Single sheave, multiple sheave, andpulley support post assemblies. Thesethree assemblies (M, N, and J) assist theother accessory items when raising orlowering the drag plate assembly (E) andchain assembly No. 2 (C). Eachassembly consists of a support or bracketand pulley assembly. Each of the threeassemblies are bolted to the tank hullwhen preparing the tank for demolitionoperations and can be removed whendemolition operations are finished.Location of each assembly mentionedabove depends on the tank model.
* * * * *e. Effectiveness.
(1) Most suitable terrain. Demolition kit M157is more effective in flat or moderatelyrolling, open, or lightly wooded terrain.This type of * * * for maneuvering tanks.
* * * * *
AGO 8922A2
Figure 8 (Superseded) Tail section assembly.
AGO 8922A
3
Figure 9. (Superseded) Tank accessories.
AGO 8922A
4
A - Extension bar assembly1 - Shackle No 12 - Extension bar3 - Shackle No. 2
B - Shoulder screwsC - Chain assembly No. 2D - Spring assemblyE - Drag plate assemblyF - Gear box assembly
1 - Body2 - Ratchet wrench3 - Wrench assembly4 Can cleats5 - Gear spool assembly6 - Pulley assembly
C - Cable No. 1H - Safety snap hookJ - Pulley support post assemblyK - Clevis pin assemblyL - Chain assembly No. 1M - Single sheave assemblyN - Multiple heave assemblyP - Cable No. 2Q - Safety hook
Figure 9 -- Continued.
Delete the scale from figure 10.
Paragraph 7 (Warning). Change "life" in line seven toread live.
I0. Fuzing(Superseded)Fuzing procedures for the demolition kit are as
follows:
a. Remove fuse M603 and fuse explosivecontainer loading assembly containing booster M120from packing box, and inspect for presence of dirt
and/or moisture. Remove dirt or moisture whenpossible. Replace unserviceable fuze explosivecontainer or fuze.
b. Unlatch and open impact fuze housing door (fig.7).
c. Remove bullet impact fuze assembly anddummy container from fuze housing assembly.
d. Unscrew knurled fuze cap from fuze cup of fuzeexplosive container, and retain for future use.
Note. Check to assure fuse captravels over full length of threads onfuse cur without binding.
e. Insert explosive fuze container into fuze housingassembly with knurled fuze cap facing outward.
f. Remove safety clip from fuze and place fuze infuze cup with nomenclature on fuze facing outward.
Warning 1:Handle fuzed explosive fuzecontainer carefully.
Warning 2:Do not press on pressure plate offuze.
g. Replace and secure fuze cap to fuze cup.h. Insert bullet impact fuze assembly into fuze
housing with flat side facing outward.i. Check position of fuze explosive container
assembly and bullet impact fuze assembly to assurethat they are seated properly in fuze housing. Makecorrections if needed.
j. Secure fuze housing door assembly to fuzehousing assembly.
5
By Order of the Secretary of the Army:EARLE G. WHEELER,General, United States Army,
Official: Chief of Staff.J. C. LAMBERT,Major Genera, United States Army,The Adjutant General
Distribution:Active Arms:
DCSLOG (1) MAAG (2)CNGB (1) Mil Msn (1)CofT (2) Units org under fol TOE:CofEngrs (2) (2 copies each)USA Ord CD Agcy (2) 5-5USA Engr CD Agey (2) 5-7USCONARC (3) 5-15USAMC (2) 5-16USAMC (Dover, NJ) (2) 5-27U8ACDC (2) 5-125ABADCOM (2) 5-127ARADCOM Rgn (2) 5-315OS MaJ Comd (2) 5-317OS Base Comd (2) 9-7LOGCOMD (2) 9-17MDW (1) 9-22Armies (S) 9-25Corps (2) 9-26USA Corps (2) 9-27Div (2) 9-65Ord Gp (2) 9-66Ord Bn (2) 9-67Instl (2) 9-76Svc Colleges (2) 9-86Br Svc Sch (2) 9-367GENDEP (OS ) (1) 9-500 (AA-AC, BB, BC, DA, IA, KA)Ord Sec, GENDEP (1) 17-17A Dep (2) except 17-22 Savanna (10) 17-25Ord Dep (OS) (4) 17-26Raritan Arsenal (10) 17-27Picatinny Arsenal (85) 17-51PG (2) 17-55Proc Dist (1) 17-65Cen (1) 17-66
NC: State AG (8); units fWase u active Army except allowances is one (1) copy to each unit.USAR: None.For explanation of abbreviations used, see AR 820-60.
AGO 8922A
6
TM 9-1375-204-10
Technical Manual HEADQUARTERS,DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
No. 9-1375-204-10 WASHINGTON 25, D. C., 11 June 1962
DEMOLITION KIT, PROJECTED CHARGE, M157
Paragraph PageCHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
Section I. GeneralScope .................................................................................. 1 2Responsibilities .................................................................... 2 2Forms, records, and reports ................................................. 3 2
Section II. Description and DataDescription of projected charge demolition kit M157 parts ... 4 3Tabulated data ..................................................................... 5 16
CHAPTER 2. OPERATING INSTPUCTIONSSection I. Service Upon Receipt of Materiel
General ............................................................................... 6 18Inspections and services ..................................................... 7 18
Section II. Operation Under Us al ConditionsGeneral ............................................................................... 8 20Assembly procedures for demolition kit M157 ...................... 9 20Fuzing .................................................................................. 10 20Assembly procedures for tank accessories ......................... . .11 24Night assembly procedures ................................................. 12 24Safety precautions .............................................................. 13 25Emplacement procedures .................................................... 14 26Misalinement correction procedures when pushing the demolition kit . 15 29Detonation procedures ........................................................ 16 29
Section III. Operation Under Unusual ConditionsGeneral ............................................................................... 17 30Operation during extreme cold weather conditions .............. 18 30
CHAPTER 3. MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONEGeneral ............................................................................... 19 31
CHAPTER 4. SHIPMENT AND DESTRUCTION OF MATERIEL TO PREVENTENEMY USE
Section I. ShipmentGeneral ............................................................................... 20 32Shipment ............................................................................. 21 32
Section II. Destruction of Materiel to Prevent Enemy UseGeneral ............................................................................... 22 32Methods .............................................................................. 23 32
APPENDIX REFERENCES .................................................................................................... 34
1
CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION
Section I. GENERAL
1. Scopea. This technical manual contains instructions for
operation and first echelon maintenance of projectedcharge demolition kit M157.
b. The appendix contains a list of currentreferences, including supply manuals, technicalmanuals, forms, and other available publicationsapplicable to the projected charge demolition kit M157.
c. This first edition is being published in advanceof complete technical review. Any errors or omissionswill be forwarded on DA Form 2028 to the CommandingOfficer, Raritan Arsenal, Metuchen, New Jersey, ATTN:ORDJR-OPRA.
2. Responsibilitiesa. Responsibility of first echelon (operator)
personnel is limited to the inspection, attachment ofaccessories, and operation of the demolition kits asdescribed in this technical manual. Operations aboveand beyond the scope of those described herein mustnot be attempted by operator personnel.
b. At any time that service beyond the scope of theusing personnel is required, the demolition kit will besent to the supporting Ordnance depot maintenance unitfor the required service.
3. Forms, Records, and Reportsa. General. Responsibility for the proper execution
of forms, records, and reports rests upon the officers ofall units maintaining this equipment. However, thevalue of accurate records must be fully appreciated byall personnel responsible for their compilation,maintenance, and use. Properly executed forms conveyauthorization and serve as records for the materiel inthe hands of troops and for delivery of materiel requiring
repair to Ordnance depot maintenance shops. Theforms, records, and reports establish the work required,the progress of the work within the shop, and the statusof the materiel upon completion of its repair.
b. Authorized Forms. The forms generallyapplicable to units operating this materiel are listed inthe appendix. For instructions on use of these forms,refer to FM 9-3 and FM 9-4. For a listing of all forms,refer to DA Pam 310-2.
c. Field Report of Accidents.(1) Injury to personnel or dc e to materiel
(general). The reports necessary tocomply with the requirements of the Armysafety program are prescribed in detail inAR 385-40. These reports are requiredwhenever accidents of a general nature(other than those involving ammunition)occur, resulting in injury to personnel ordamage to materiel.
(2) Ammunition. Upon the occurrence of anyaccident and/or malfunction involvingammunition, utilization of the affected kit,lot, etc. will be immediately discontinued.All applicable reports required in (1)above will be made and in addition,complete details of the accident and/ormalfunction will be reported as prescribedin AR 7001300-8.
d. Report of Unsatisfactory Equipment orMaterials. Any deficiencies detected in the equipmentcovered herein, which occur under the circumstancesindicated in AR 700-38, should be immediately reportedin accordance with the applicable instructions in citedregulation.
2
Section II. DESCRIPTION AND DATA
4. Description of Projected Charge Demolition Kit M157Partsa. General. The demolition kit M157 (fig. 1) is anantitank minefield clearing device which is designed tobe towed (dragged) and pushed for emplacement by amedium tank (M48 or the M60 series) with accessories.This demolition kit is utilized to clear a path largeenough for tanks, vehicles, and personnel to travelthrough minefields planted with single pulse pressure-type mines. This demolition kit is flexible enough in thevertical plane to permit it to pass over rough terrain andrigid enough in the horizontal plane so that it willmaintain a relatively true course when being pushed.The flexibility and rigidity is accomplished by thefollowing: the use of a joint system (fig. 2) consisting ofside and top joints, .which join the section assemblies,and the use of a series of pushing bars running throughrectangular enclosures or tunnels in each sectionassembly. The side joints are male and femaleconnecting lugs which act as a pivot when fastened bymeans of the side joint pins. The top joints consist oftop joint supports (top side joints and top center joint),top bearing bars, top joint studs, and links. A uniquefeature of the joint is that the degree of slack betweenthe top joints (fig. 3) can be altered by positioning thetop bearing bar in the top joint supports and links. Thetop bearing bar has -one milled surface and a notch oneach of its sides corresponding to the milled surface.The notches are used not only to check the amount ofslack of the top joints, but also for assembling andinspecting the body section assemblies in the darkness.The most slack is obtained when both milled surfacesare facing outward, the medium amount of slack isachieved when one milled surface is facing in and one isfacing opt, and the least amount of slack is achievedwhen the milled surfaces are facing inward. Duringpushing operations, the force applied to the rear hookassembly by the pushing chain of the tail sectionassembly is transferred to the pushing bars goingthrough each section and finally acts on the pushing barstop in the nose section. This demolition kit consists of79 irregular hexagonal tubes (sections assemblies)which, when assembled (fig. 2), are approximately 12inches wide, 7 inches high, 400 feet in length and weighapproximately 11,000 pounds, including approximately2,880 pounds of composition B and approximately 320
pounds of composition C-4. The section assemblies areas follows: nose section, 13 body sections, 62 centerloading sections, two impact fuze sections, and tailsection. Each of the 62 center loading sectionassemblies and the two fuze section assemblies areloaded with 50 pounds of explosive material. A list ofparts issued with each demolition kit is included in tableI. These section assemblies mentioned above aredescribed in (1) through (5) below.
Table I. Tank Accessories, Tools, and ComponentParts for Assembly of OO-Foot (Approximately)
Projected Charge Demolition Kit M157
Item QuantityKit parts:
Nose section assembly .......................... 1Body section assembly .......................... 1Center loading section assembly............. 62Impact fuze section assembly - ............... 2Tail section assembly.............................. 1
Fuzing:.Fuze, mine, M603 .................................. 2Fuze explosive container loading ............ 2 assembly
Tank accessories:Cable, assembly No. 1 ........................... 1Cable, assembly No. 2 ........................... 1Chain assembly No. 1 ............................ 1Chain assembly No. 2 ............................ 1Clevis pin assembly - .............................. 2Drag plate assemblyExtension bar assembly .......................... 2Gear box assembly ................................. 1Multiple sheave assemblyPulley support post assembly.................. 1Safety snap hook .................................... 3Shoulder screw -Single sheave assembly ........................ 1Spring assembly
Tools:Hammer (rawhide or rubber) - ................. 2Screwdriver............................................. 4Socket wrench assembly......................... 2Structural wrench assembly .................... 2
3
Figure 1. Medium tank pushing the demolition kit M157.
4
Figure 2. Assembly demolition kit M157.
5
Figure 3. Top bearing bar and slack adjustment.
6
(1) Nose section assembly. The nose sectionassembly (fig. 4), made of aluminumalloy, is approximately 12 inches wide, 8inches high, and 8-feet long, and weighsapproximately 155 pounds. Thecomponents of this assembly are asfollows: nose hook assembly, instructionplate, top center joint support, two topside joint supports, one top bearing bar,one top joint stud, two links, two side jointpins, two connecting lugs (female), and apushing bar stop. The nose hookassembly is used for towing thedemolition kit to the edge of the minefield,while the instruction plate providesassembly, emplacement, and operationalproce-dures. The female connecting lugs,top side joint supports and top center jointsupports are permanently fixed to thesection assembly body. The top supports(top center joint and two top side joints),top joint stud, top bearing bar, and linksare used to secure the top components ofthe nose section to the top components ofthe first body section. The top bearing baris held firmly in place in the top supportsby the top joint stud.
(2) Body section assembly. Each bodysection assembly (fig. 5), made ofaluminum alloy, is approximately 12inches wide, 7 inches high, 5-feet long,and weighs approximately 79 pounds.The components of this assembly are: twotop bearing bars, two top center jointsupports, four top side joint supports, fourpainted (white) identification discs, two topjoint studs, four connecting lugs (twofemales and two males), two side jointpins, one pushing .bar, and two dirtshields. When assembling the bodysection to the nose section, the topbearing bar on the male end of the bodysection is removed. The side joint pinsare removed from the female connectinglugs of the nose section. The four paintedidentification disks, located on the side of
the body section, provide a means ofeasily identifying these unloaded sectionsof the demolition kit. The pushing bar ofthe first body section is pushed againstthe pushing bar stop of the nose section.The dirt shields provide a means forkeeping dirt from entering the emptyspace in the various sections, while thedemolition kit is being towed or pushed.
(3) Center loading section assembly. Eachcenter loading section assembly (fig. 6) issimilar to the body section assembly inthe following respects: physical size,number of component parts, and thelocation of the component parts. Thebasic difference between the body sectionand the center loading section is that thecenter loading section has two insert tubeassemblies welded to its upper insidewalls. These longitudinal semicircularinsert tubes, running the full length of thecenter loading section, are each loadedwith approximately 22.5 pounds ofcomposition B and approximately 2.5pounds of composition C-4. The shape ofthe lower portion of the insert tubesprovides the shape charge effect desired.The axis of action of the shaped chargesis outward and downward at an angle of45 degrees from each side of thedemolition kit. The center loading sectionassembly weighs approximately 142pounds.
(4) Impact fuze section assembly. Eachimpact fuze section assembly (fig. 7) issimilar to the center loading sectionassembly in the following respects:physical size, component parts, and twoinsert tubes containing explosives(composition B and composition C-4).The basic difference between the impactfuze section assembly and the centerloading section assembly is that theimpact fuze section assembly has a fuzehousing assembly located at one end.
7
Figure 4. Nose section assembly.
8
Figure 5. Body section assembly.
9
Figure 6. Center loading section assembly.
10
This fuze housing assembly contains thebullet impact fuze assembly and theJimmy container. The dummy containeris removed and the fuze explosivecontainer loading assembly put in itsplace when the demolition kit is preparedfor operation, (par. 10). The fuzeexplosive container loading assembly isdesigned to provide a shape charge effect(downward) upon detonation of thecomposition B contained within. Thebullet impact fuze assembly and dummycontainer are held securely in the fuzehousing assembly by the fuze housingdoor assembly. A white cross is paintedon the fuze housing door to facilitatesighting. The impact fuze spring providesthe necessary protection for the fuzewhen the demolition kit is towed orpushed over rough terrain. The impactfuze section assembly weighsapproximately 153 pounds.
(5) Tail section assembly. The tail sectionassembly (fig. 8) is similar to the nosesection assembly except for the followingdifferences: the tail section assembly hasa sliding rear hook assembly and a hingeassembly. Cable assembly No. 1pushing against the rear portion of therear hook assembly causes the rear hookassembly to slide forward until its lowerfront edge makes contact with the lastpushing bar, which in turn transmits thepushing force to the pushing barsenclosed within each section. The frontportion of the rear hook assembly is usedto drag or pull the demolition kit backwardfor short distances. The hinge plate of thehinge assembly, fastened to a hinge and aspring at the rear of the tail sectionassembly, allows the pushing chain toslide over the body and engage the rearportion of the rear hook assembly. Therear hook plate and the hinge plate restsagainst the bottom of the tank hull whenthe demolition kit is pushed, therebypreventing the tail section from beingcrushed as the demolition kit to pushedover varied terrain.
NoteThe key letters and numerals shownin parentheses in b below refer tofigure 9.
b. Tank Accessories. The tank accessories aredescribed in (1) through (7) below.
NoteFor assembly procedures for tankaccessories, refer to paragraph 11.
(1) Chain assembly No. 1. Chain assemblyNor 1 (M) is a 7-foot length (approx.) of5/8-inch chain with two round shackle pinsat its ends. This assembly is used forpushing the demolition kit M157 into theminefield area. Cable No. 1 (H) and thecam cleats of gear box assembly (G) areused for raising or lowering chainassembly No. 1 (M). Chain assembly No.1 (M) is secured to the front towing lugs ofthe tank.
(2) Drag plate assembly. The drag plateassembly (C) consists of a semicircularplate with a bar welded to one surface.This assembly is used for dragging ortowing the demolition kit to the edge ofthe minefield. Chain assembly No. 2 (D)and the front portion (shackle No. 1) ofthe extension bar assemblies (right andleft, B and F) are secured to the dragplate assembly with shoulder screws (A).
(3) Chain assembly No. 2. Chain assemblyNo. 2 (D) consists of two 2-foot lengths of1/4-inch chain, one 1/4 x 2-inch ring, andtwo modified eye nuts. The two modifiedeye nuts are fastened to the shoulderscrews while the ring is fastened to oneend of the spring assembly. Thisassembly (D) is used with the springassembly (E), cable N. 2 (Q), and gearbox assembly (G) for raising or loweringthe drag plate assembly (C). Chainassembly No. 2 (D) is secured to the reartowing lugs of the tank.
11
Figure 7. Impact fuze section assembly.
12
Figure 8. Tail section assembly.
13
A--Shoulder screws G--Gear box assembly K--Pulley support post assembly)B--Extension bar assembly (right) 1--Ratchet wrench L--Clevis pin assemblyC--Drag plate assembly 2--Wrench assembly M--Chain assembly No. 1D--Chain assembly No. 2 3--Body N--Multiple sheave assemblyE--Spring assembly 4--Cam cleats P--Single sheave assemblyF--Extension bar assembly (left) H--Cable No. 1 Q--Cable No. 2
J--Safety snap hook R--Safety hook
Figure 9. Tank accessories.
14
(4) Extension bar assemblies (right and left).The two 6-foot extension bar assemblies(B and F) each consisting of a bar (frontportion and rear portion, shackle No. 1and shackle No. 2, respectively), are usedto secure the drag plate assembly (C) tothe rear of the tank. The front portion(shackle No. 1) of each extension bar (Band F) is fastened to the drag plateassembly (C) with a shoulder screw (A)while the rear portion (shackle No. 2) ofeach bar is secured to one of the rear tanktowing lugs with a clevis pin assembly (L).
(5) Gear box assembly. The gear boxassembly (G) consists of a body (3) whichcontains a pulley assembly and a gearspool assembly, two cam cleats (4), aratchet wrench (1), and a wrenchassembly (2). The rear portion of cableNo. 2 (Q) is secured to the gear spoolassembly while cable No. 1 (H) is held inthe pulley assembly of the gear boxassembly (G) by the cam cleats (4). Theratchet wrench (1) and wrench assembly(2) assist the operator when raising orlowering the drag plate assembly (C) andchain assembly No. 2 (D). The gear boxassembly (G) is installed in the portperiscope fitting in the front of the tank.
(6) Cable No. 1 and cable No. 2. Cable No. 1(H) consists of an 8-foot length of 1/4-inchdiameter wire rope. Safety snap hook (J)is secured to cable No. 1 (H) at one end.Cable No. 2 (Q) consists of a 27footlength of 1/4-inch diameter wire rope.Safety hook (R) is secured to cable No. 2(Q) at one end. Cable No. I1 (H) isfastened to the cam cleats (4) of the gearbox assembly (G) and cht1n assemblyNo. 1 (M). Cable No. 2 (Q) is fastened tothe gear spool assembly of the gear boxassembly (G) at one end and the springassembly (E) at the other.
(7) Single sheave (P), multiple sheave (N),and pulley support post (K) assemblies.These three assemblies assist the otheraccessory items when raising or loweringthe drag plate assembly (C) and chainassembly No. 2 (D). Each assemblyconsists of a support or bracket and pulleyassembly. These assemblies are boltedto the tank hull, and can be removedwhen demolition operation is finished.Location of each assembly mentionedabove depends on the tank model.
c. Assembly Tools (fig. 10). Two rawhide orrubber hammers, four screwdrivers, two double-socketwrench assemblies, and two structural wrenchassemblies are supplied for assembling the demolitionkit and its accessories to the tank.
d. Functional Description. The force of the bullet(cal. 30 or .50, ball) striking the impact plate of the bulletimpact fuze assembly drives the impact plate forward,which in turn, strikes and detonates the impact fuzeM603 and booster M120. The detonation of the booster,in turn, detonates the composition B of the fuzeexplosive container loading assembly. The containershatters downward in a manner which produces anarrow, concentrated detonating jet. This jet stream hasthe force necessary to penetrate the insert tube walls ofthe impact fuse section assembly, thereby assuringdetonation of the composition B and composition C-4contained within. Detonation of either of the explosivefuze container loading assemblies will initiate detonationof the other loaded sections (center loading and impactfuze) of the demolition kit.
Note. The bullets fired must strike one of the impactplates in order for the demolition kit to be detonated.
e. Effectiveness.(1) Most suitable terrain. Demolition kit 157
is more effective in flat or moderatelyrolling, open, or lightly wooded terrain.This type of terrain, moreover, is
15
suitable for maneuvering tanks.(2) Crater. The size of the crater blasted by
the demolition kit depends on the type ofsoil and its moisture content. In mostsoils, the crater will be approximately 320-feet long, 12 to 16-feet wide, with themaximum depth of 3 to 5 feet. The craterprovides a well-marked path for tanks,vehicles, and personnel.
(3) Breaching obstacles.(a) Though the principal use of the
demolition kit is to breach mine-fields, the kit can also be used tobreach bands of log posts, steelrails, antitank ditches, and somesmall concrete obstacles. Effective-ness of the kit depends upon type,shape, height, weight, spacing andemplacement depth of theindividual obstacles, and the groundcharacteristics. The kit is eitherpushed through or over theobstacle. Length of the kit useddepends on the length of theobstacle. When fired, the sectionsof the kit loaded with explosivesmust be over or adjacent to theobstacle. When the kit is deton-ated, a crater is blasted and theobstacles in the crater are generallyshattered or blown out of the crater,depending on the characteristics ofthe obstacles.
(b) Against reinforced-concrete obsta-cles interconnected by ground sills
and against large reinforced-concrete blocks, detonation of asingle demolition kit may notproduce an adequate breach,because of the weight and strengthof the blocks and because goodcontact of explosives with surface ofconcrete is not obtained.
(c) Success in breaching antitankditches depends on the depth,width, and revetting of the ditch andwhether the nose of the demolitionkit clears the far side of the ditch.Detonation of a demolition kitbreaks down the sides of the ditch.In an average unrevetted ditch 5-feet deep, a single kit will blast agap passable by tanks. Deeperditches may require the detonationof a second kit in the crater of thefirst. It is generally not practicableto breach ditches deeper than 8feet.
5. Tabulated Dataa. Complete Assembly.
Length .................................................................... 400 ft (approx)Height ..................................................................... 7 in. (approx)Width ...................................................................... ft (approx)Weight .................................................................... 11,000 lb (approx)
b. Demolition Charge.Length..................................................................... 320 ft (approx)Weight ................................................................... 3200 lb (approx)Weight of composition B......................................... 2880 lb (approx)Weight of composition C-4 ..................................... 320 lb (approx)
Total number of loaded section assemblies - 64
16
Figure 10. Assembly tools for demolition kit M157.
17
CHAPTER 2OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
Section I. SERVICE UPON RECEIPT OF MATERIEL
6. General
a. Whenever a new demolition kit is first receivedby the using organization, it is the responsibility of theofficer-in-charge to determine whether the materiel hasbeen properly prepared for service by the supplyingorganization and to be certain that it is in condition toperform its function in a safe rather than a hazardousmanner.
b. Inspections and services described in paragraph7 are to be performed, with adequate assistance by theoperating crew upon initial receipt of the kit asapplicable.
7. Inspections and Services
Warning: Unnecessary, rough, and/or carelesshandling of this equipment is to be avoided tominimize the possibility of accidental detonationand to minimize the possibility of damage renderingthis materiel unsafe for future use. Normalprecautions applicable to handling of life ammu -nition will prevail.
All inspections and services itemized in a through hbelow are to be performed upon receipt of the materiel.Repair or correction, beyond the instructions containedin this chapter, of any damage or maladjustment whichis detected by the inspection must not be attempted atthis level. Damage or maladjusted materiel requiringrepair or correction beyond the scope of the instructionscontained herein, will be sent to the supportingOrdnance depot maintenance unit for the requiredservice.
a. Carefully inspect the packing boxes (fig. 11)containing the nose section assembly, tail sectionassembly, impact fuze section assemblies, fuzeexplosive containers with booster M120, and fuzesM603 for signs of damage.
Warning: Packing boxes and crates badlydamaged will be opened and their contents checkedthoroughly before being used.
Note. Each impact fuze section assembly is packedin a packing box similar to those used for the nose andtail section assemblies when shipped or stored.
b. Carefully inspect exposed portions of thesection assemblies (body and center) for cracks,punctures, ruptures, or any other sign of externalphysical damage. Damaged section assemblies(body or center) will not be used.
Note. The length of the assembled demolition kitcan be altered to meet operational requirements.
c. Open and inspect packing boxes andcontainers of the tank accessories. Unserviceable-items will be replaced.
d. Using any convenient suitable cutting tool(tin -snips, pliers, shears, etc.), out the steel bandsaround the packing boxes and crates.
e. Cut the seals on the hasps of the packingboxes.
f. Open the crates and packing boxes, removepacking materials, and remove all sectionassemblies and components.
Note. The packing boxes for the nose section, thetail section, and the impact fuze section assemblies willbe opened and the contents inspected before openingother packing boxes and crates and inspecting contents.Badly damaged nose section, tail section, and/or impactfuze section assemblies will be replaced.
Warning: The packing boxes containing thefuze explosive container loading assemblies andfuzes will only be opened when the assembled kit isready to be fuzed (refer to paragraph 10).
g. Place packing boxes, crates, and packingmaterials in the rear of the assembling area once thecontents have been removed.
h. Inspect all section assemblies for damage andmissing component parts such as side joint pins, links,top joint studs, pushing bars, etc.
Note 1. The pushing bar of the nose sectionassembly is strapped to the section body duringshipment.
Note 2. The time required to unpack and uncratethe demolition kit is approximately 6 man-hours.
18
Figure 11. Packing and crating of demolition kit M157.
19
Section II. OPERATION UNDER USUAL CONDITIONS
8. GeneralThis section contains instructions necessary for the
proper operation of the demolition kit M157 undernormal conditions. Refer to paragraphs 17 and 18 foroperation under unusual conditions.
9. Assembly Procedures for Demolition Kit M157a. Unpack the sections from the packing boxes
and crates as described in paragraph 7. After readingthe instruction plates on the nose or the tail section,proceed as shown in figure 12.
Warning: Do not assemble the demolition kitwithin 280 feet of the storage area of the sectionassemblies.
b. Choose a flat area (rear area) large enough tocontain the assembled kit when possible. Whenassembly space is limited, assemble the sections atselected locations, and have assembled sections towedaway. The site should be as near as possible to thepoint of anticipated detonation, preferably within 1 mileand defiladed from enemy fire and observation.
Note. Use plank decking where possible whenassembling the demolition kit-on muddy or wet terrain.
c. Lay all sections on the ground (fig. 12) in thefollowing order: one nose section, three body sections,60 center loading sections, one fuze impact section, twocenter loading sections, one fuze impact section, 10body sections, and one tail section.
Note 1. Point the nose section in the direction of themine-field.
Note 2. A body section assembled between any ofthe center loading sections will interrupt the detonatingpropagation of the charge.
Note 3. The male connecting lugs of the sectionsshould always point towards the nose section.
Warning: The center loading and impact fuzesections contain high explosives and must behandled in accordance with applicable safetyregulations (refer to TM 9-1903 and AR 385-63).
d. Use the step by step procedures (figures 13 and14) listed below when joining the sections:
Step 1. Remove the side joint pins using arawhide or rubber hammer, and retain thepins for future use.
Step 2. Bring the sections together mating themale and female connecting lug. Using therawhide or rubber hammer, drive the sidejoint pins in the holes of the connection lugs.
Step 3. Place the pushing bar in the rear of thefirst body section and push it against thepushing bar of this section until its front endmakes contact with the pushing bar stop inthe nose section. Remove the pushing barinserted in the body section.
Step 4. Unscrew and remove the top joint stud(fig. 14). Remove the top bearing bar of thebody section and pull the links over theJoint.
Step 5. Check the notch position of the bearingbar removed in stop 4 above, then insert thebar in the top supports and through thelinks. The notch position is used whenadjusting the top joint for the required slackadjustments (fig. 3).
Step 6. Inspect for the presence of the pushingbar with the screwdriver, then inspect thegeneral condition of the joint system.
e. Check the notch position of the top bearing barof the nose section for the correct slack adjustmentposition (fig. 3). If slack adjustment is required, refer tothe instructions in paragraph 14b.
f. Join all sections using the instructions providedin d and above.
Note 1. Leave the pushing bar inserted in the rearof the last body section.
Note 2. The time required to assemble thedemolition kit is approximately 6 man-hours.
10. FuzingFuzing procedures for the demolition kit are as follows:
a. Remove fuse M603 and the fuze explosivecontainer loading assembly containing booster M120from packing box, and inspect for presence of dirtand/or moisture. Remove dirt or moisture when
20
Figure 12. Section assembly sequence on terrain.
21
Figure 13. Assembly operations - step 1 through step 3.
22
Figure 14. Assembly operations - step 4 through step 6.
23
possible. Replace unserviceable fuze explosivecontainer or fuze.
b. Unlatch and open the impact fuze housing door(fig. 7).
c. Remove the safety clip from the fuze.d. Unscrew the knurled fuze cap from the fuze cup
of the fuze explosive container and place the fuze in thefuze cup.
e. Replace and secure the fuze cap to the fuzecup.
f. Remove the bullet impact fuze assembly andthe dummy container from the fuze housing assembly.
g. Insert the fuze explosive container loadingassembly and the bullet impact fuze assembly into thefuze housing, with the fuze and the flat side of theimpact fuze plate facing outward.
Warning: Handle fuzed fuze explosive containerloading assembly carefully.
h. Check the position of the fuze explosivecontainer assembly and the bullet impact fuze assemblyto assure that they are seated properly in the fuzehousing. Make corrections if needed.
i. Secure the fuze housing door assembly to thefuze housing assembly.
11. Assembly Procedures for Tank Accessories(fig. 165)a. Bolt the front portion (shackle No. 1) of the
extension bar assemblies (right and left) and chainassembly No. 2 to the drag plate assembly using theshoulder screws.
b. Place the rear portion (shackle No. 2) of eachextension bar assembly over the rear towing lug of thetank and secure with a clevis pin assembly.
c. Secure the spring assembly to chain assemblyNo. 2, using the ring of the chain assembly.
d. Install the safety hook on cable No. 2 and fastenthe free end of the spring assembly to cable No. 2.
e. Remove pins from the round shackle pins ofchain assembly No. 1, and retain pins and cotter pins forfuture use.
f. Align the holes of the round shackle pins ofchain assembly No. 1 with the holes of the front towinglugs of the tank.
g. Insert the pins removed in e above and securewith the cotter pins.
h. Install safety snap hook on cable No. 1 andfasten cable No. 1 to chain assembly No. 1 using thehook. Locate this hook approximately at the midpoint ofthe chain assembly.
i. Insert and secure the gear box assembly in theport periscope fitting.
Note. The center periscope may be removed inplace of port periscope.
j. Remove required screws from the tank forplacement of sheave and support assemblies and retainscrews for future use.
Note. The location of the pulley of the multiplesheave assembly will be altered when this assembly isassembled to tank M48A2.
k. Place the single and multiple sheaveassemblies in locations (required) and secure them tothe tank with the screws removed in j above.
I. Place the pulley support post assembly on thetank and fasten down.
m. Thread the free end of cable No. 1 through thepulley assembly of the gear box assembly and the camcleats of the gear box assembly.
n. Thread the free end of cable No. 2 through thepulley support post, the multiple sheave, and the singlesheave assemblies.
o. Push the free end of cable No. 2 in the openingof the gear box assembly and secure the cable to thegear spool assembly of the gear box assembly.
p. Wind cable No. 2 on the gear spool assemblyusing the wrench assembly of the gear box assembly.
Note: The gear spool assembly operates by movingthe wrench assembly of the gear box assembly from leftto right.
12. Night Assembly Proceduresa. Night assembly procedures are the same as
those during the day, but the time required is one and ahalf to two times as long as day assembly. Closesupervision is important to assure the correct sectionassembly sequence.
Note 1. The time required for night assembly Isapproximately 9 to 12 man-hours.
Note 2. A body section assembly inserted betweenany of the center loading sections will interrupt thedetonating propagation of the charge.
24
Figure 15. Location of rigging on the tank hull.
b. The 3-inch white cross on the fuze housing doorof each of the impact fuze sections is painted withluminous paint that can be seen from inside the tank atnight.
Note. Eight hours of sunlight exposure of the crosswill provide hours o luminescence at night.
c. The presence of the pushing bars can be readilychecked with a screwdriver or similar tool at night.
13. Safety PrecautionsWhen the demolition kit is detonated, the blast
pressure is minimum toward the rear and maximum onthe sides of the kit. Blast pressure from the detonationcauses the tank crew a minimum of discomfort. If thekit is detonated immediately after it is released by thetank, flames from the explosion may enter the tank, ifany port are open. However, there will be no damage tothe tank or injuries to personnel, if the safetyprecautions listed in a through c below are observed.
Detonation will throw fragments as far as 740 meterslaterally or 460 meters to the rear, but most of thefragments are thrown at right angles to the line of the kit.It should be remembered that fragments mayoccasionally be thrown as far as 1000 meters. Theprecautions in a through c below must be taken whenhandling this demolition kit.
a. Towing and Pushing.(1) All loose oil and fuel drippings be
removed from inside the tank.(2) Tank fire extinguishers must be in good
working condition and ready to use.(3) All direct vision slots must be closed.(4) Fuel-tank filler covers must be properly
fastened.(5) Gaskets and latches on all latch covers
must be in good condition.(6) Hatch doors must be securely latched.
25
Detonation of the demolition kit will blowopen improperly latched doors.
(7) Periscopes must be fitted in all periscopeholders.
(8) The turret machine guns must be in placeor wooden plugs wedged in the openings.
(9) Canvas or asbestos should be stuffedaround hull and turret ventilators tominimize dirt blowing into tank.
(10) Canvas or asbestos should be stuffed ingun shield opening behind rotor shield toprevent flame from explosion fromentering tank.
b. Tanks Close to the Tank Pushing or Firing theDemolition Kit.
(1) The minimum safety lateral distance fortanks or vehicles is 100 meters.
(2) Tanks within 460 meters should have allports and slits closed and all hatch doorssecurely latched.
c. Personnel Outside of Tanks.(1) Only those personnel who are involved
with the assembly of the demolition kitshould be in the immediate area.
(2) No personnel must be within 300 metersof kits in firing position or armed kits beingtowed or pushed.
(3) Personnel within 275 to 740 meters to thesides of armed kit or 275 to 460 meters tothe rear of the armed kit must take coverat all times.
(4) All personnel within the limits specified in(3) above must be notified prior todetonation of the demolition kit.
(5) All personnel should be equipped withsteel helmets and positioned to the rear ofthe demolition kit, if possible, rather thanto the sides.
Warning: Personnel should take advantage ofavailable cover.
(6) A 1 minute fallout period should beallowed for falling fragments prior to theadvancement of tanks, vehicles, or troopsby foot through the cleared area.
14. Emplacement ProceduresWarning: Before a live demolition kit is towed
or pushed, the safety precautions listed inparagraph 13 should be taken.
a. Inspection. Before towing the demolition kit tothe desired mine area, the assembled demolition kit andits component parts should also be inspected to assurethat:
(1) All demolition kit sections are arrangedcorrectly.
(2) All side joint pins and pushing bars are inplace.
(3) All links are securely held by the topbearing bars.
(4) The two fuze impact sections are in thecorrect location.
(5) Each of the fuze impact sections arefuzed.
(6) The impact fuze housing door is heldsecurely with the latch.
(7) The slack has been adjusted for all jointsin accordance with b below.
Caution: The above inspectionsare necessary to prevent damage tothe demolition kit when it is towed orpushed.
b. Adjustment. The slack adjustment proceduresare as follows:
(1) Check the top bearing bar notches for thecorrect slack adjustment as shown infigure 3.
(2) If slack adjustment is needed, remove thetop joint stud, slide the top bearing barthrough the top joint supports and links,and position correctly.
(3) Secure the top bearing bar with the topjoint stud one the correct slack adjustmenthas been made.
c. Towing.(1) Aline the rear of the tank with the nose
section of the kit and then back the tankuntil the drag plate assembly is behind thenose hook assembly.
(2) Using the wrench assembly (fig. 17) of thegear box assembly, release cable No. 2holding the drag plate assembly, allowingit to settle behind the nose hook assembly(fig. 16).
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Figure 16. Towing and pushing attachments attached to the demolition kit M157nose and tail section assemblies.
27
Figure 17. Raise drag plate assembly using the wrench assembly.
28
(3) When the drag plate assembly falls behindthe nose hook assembly, move the tankforward slowly until the drag plate assemblyengages the nose hook assembly.
Caution 1:Do not back the tank over the nosesection and crush it.
Caution 2:When towing a demolition kit, it isimportant that changes in directionand speed be made gradually andwithout jerking.
(4) Tow the demolition kit as close as possibleto the edge of the minefield.
CautionThe final towing (approximately 150meters of the demolition kit should beas straight as possible so as tostraighten the demolition kit for easierpushing and to minimize the chancesof damaging the demolition kit.
(5) Stop the tank and back it about 1 meter todisengage the drag plate assembly from thenose hook assembly.
(6) Using the wrench assembly (fig. 17) of thegear box assembly, shorten cable No. 2holding the drag plate assembly until thisassembly is clear of the nose section hook.
(7) Once the drag plate assembly has clearedthe nose hook assembly, move the tankforward a sufficient distance to clear thenose section before turning.
d. Pushing.
(1) Approach the tail section of the kit and alinethe center of the tank over the center of thekit.
(2) Before reaching the tail section, releasecable No. 1 holding chain assembly No. 1(fig. 17).
(3) Advance the tank slowly until chainassembly No. 1 (fig. 16) engages the rearportion of the rear hook assembly, and therear hook plate rests against the tank hull.
Caution
The rear hook plate should restsecurely against the bottom of the tank
hull when the demolition kit is beingpushed.
(4) Push the demolition kit into the desiredmine area.
CautionDo not attempt to straighten the kit byforce. Steer the tank so as to minimizeany bending of the kit. keep the last 35meters of the kit as straight aspossible.
15. Misalinement Correction Procedures WhenPushing the Demolition Kit
a. Back the tank at least 2 meters from the tailsection. Raise the chain assembly No. 1 (fig. 17).
b. Move the tank forward slowly until chain assemblyNo. 1 engages the front portion of the rear hook assembly(fig. 8) of the tail section. Lower chain assembly No. 1.
c. Back the tank for a sufficient distance to realine orstraighten the demolition kit.
d. Disengage chain assembly No. 1 and follow theprocedures outlined in paragraph 14d(1) through (4)above.
16. Detonation Procedures
Warning:Before a live demolition kit isdetonated, precaution listed inparagraph 13 .should be taken.
a. Back tank approximately 25 meters to avoiddamaging the lights and/or other accessories.
Note:Raise chain assembly No. 1 clear ofthe ground.
b. Fire a bullet from one of the machine guns intoeither bullet impact fuze plate.
Note 1.The gunner should aim the gun at thecenter of the white cross painted onthe fuze housing door.
Note 2.
The thin aluminum fuze housing dooroffers minimum resistance to thebullet.
29
Section III. OPERATION UNDER UNUSUAL CONDITIONS
17. General
In addition to the operating procedures described forusual conditions in paragraphs 8 through 16, specialinstructions of a technical nature for operating theprojected charge demolition kit M157 under unusualconditions are contained or referred to herein.
18. Operation During Extreme Cold WeatherConditions
a. General. Although the demolition kit M157 isdesigned to operate under cold weather conditions to atemperature of minus 65oF., additional care and specialhandling is required for proper functioning and tominimize the possibility of causing damage to the kitunder cold weather conditions.
b. References. FM 31-70, FM 31-71, and TM 9-207 all contain information pertinent to the operation ofOrdnance materiel under arctic conditions. Firstechelon personnel responsible for the operation of thedemolition kit under extreme cold weather conditions
should become familiar with the contents of thesepublications.
c. Care and Handling. Three fundamentalprocedures ((1) through (3) below) must always beobserved in the care and handling of the demolition kitunder conditions of extreme cold.
(1) Do not suddenly transfer the demolition kitfrom cold to warm temperatures or viceversa. Condensation induced by thisaction and subsequent freezing of thiscondensation may hinder the utility of thekit or it may even render the kitcompletely unserviceable.
(2) Avoid placing the kit in area wherepossible freezing to the ground may takeplace (water puddles, slush, ice, etc.).
(3) Remove snow and ice from sectionassemblies and component parts beforeattempting to assemble the demolition kit.
30
CHAPTER 3
MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS
19. General
Tools, equipment, spare parts, and repair parts,other than those issued for use with the demolition kits(see table 1) are not supplied to the using organizationfor maintenance of the equipment. Absolutely no
maintenance or service other than that expressly statesin paragraph 7 is to be attempted by first echelonpersonnel. Whenever service and/or maintenance ofany demolition kit is required, the affected kit will besent to the supporting Ordnance depot maintenance unitfor the necessary service or maintenance.
31
CHAPTER 4
SHIPMENT AND DESTRUCTION OF MATERIEL
TO PREVENT ENEMY USE
Section I. SHIPMENT
20. General
This chapter contains information applicable to theusing organization for the shipment of the demolitionkits back to the supporting Ordnance depot maintenanceunit for service and/or maintenance. It also containsinformation to be utilized when destruction of the kits isrequired to prevent capture or abandonment of the kitsin a combat zone.
21. Shipment
If it is necessary to ship the demolition kits back tothe supporting Ordinance depot maintenance unit forservice and/or maintenance, make certain that the kit(s)are adequately lashed to the truck, flatcar, or othervehicle to prevent movement or shifting during transit.
Section II. DESTRUCTION OF MATERIEL TO PREVENT ENEMY USE
22. General
Destruction of the demolition kits, when subject tocapture or abandonment in a combat zone, will beundertaken by the using arm only when, in the judgmentof the unit commander concerned, such action isnecessary in accordance with orders of, or policyestablished by, the Army commander.
23. Methods
The information which follows is for guidance only.Of the several means of destruction, those mostgenerally applicable are as follows:
a. Burning-Requires gasoline, oil, or otherflammables..
b. Gunfire-Includes artillery, machine guns, riflesusing rifle grenades, and launchers using antitankrockets.
c. Demolition --Requires ammunition.
(1) In general, destruction of essential parts,followed by burning, will usually besufficient to render the demolition kitsuseless. However, selection of theparticular method of destruction requiresimagination and resourcefulness in the
utilization of the facilities at hand underthe existing conditions. Time is usuallycritical.
(2) If destruction to prevent enemy use isresorted to, the demolition kit must be sobadly damaged that it cannot be restoredto a usable condition in the combat zoneeither by repair or by cannibalization.Adequate destruction requires that partsessential to the operation of the kitincluding essential components,equipment, and accessories be destroyedor damaged beyond repair. However,when lack of time and personnel preventsdestruction of those parts essential to theoperation of the kit, priority must be giventhose parts most difficult to replace.Equally important, when more than one kitrequires destruction, the same essentialparts must be destroyed on each kit sothe enemy cannot reconstruct onecomplete unit from several damagedones.
(3) If destruction is to be accomplished, dueconsideration should be given to:
(a) Selection of a point of destructionthat will cause the greatest
32
obstruction or danger to enemymovement while minimizing thehazard or inconvenience to friendlytroops from fragments orobstruction.
(b) Observance of appropriate safetyprecautions.
d. Destruction.
(1) General. The methods of destructionoutlined below pertain to the demolition kitM157.
Warning
Prior to the initiation of destructionof any demolition kit, it must first beascertained that the kit has beendetached from the tow vehicle.
(2) Method 1--by burning.
Warning:Remove fuze explosive containerloading assembly prior to initiatingdestruction proceeding of anassembled kit.
(a) Explosive ammunition, if availablenearby, should be removed from itspacking or other protective material.Place the ammunition on and aboutthe demolition kit so that it will befully exposed to the fire, and in suchlocations that the greatest damagewill result from its detonation.Remove any safety devices fromthe ammunition. Place combustiblematerial such as wood, paper, rags,etc., on and about the demolitionkit.
Note.Cross stack the section assembliesof demolition kit M157 whenpreparing It for burning.
(b) Pour a substantial quantity ofgasoline or oil into and over the kiton combustible materials, and theammunition; and on the immediatearea surrounding the kit.
(c) Ignite by means of an incendiarygrenade, a combustible train ofsuitable length, or other appropriatemeans. Take cover imrnediately.
Warning 1
Cover must be taken immediately.
Warning 2Due consideration must also begiven to the highly flammable natureof gasoline and its vapor.Carelessness in its use may result inpainful burns. The danger zone isapproximately 300 meters.
Elapsed time: about 10 minutes.
(3) Method 2--by gunfire. Destroy thedemolition kit by gunfire using adjacentgun tanks, self-propelled guns orhowitzers, firing HE ammunition.Machine guns, rifles using rifle grenades,or rocket launchers using antitank rocketsmay also be used. Fire on the demolitionkit aiming at the impact fuze plate.Several direct hits may be required tocompletely destroy the demolition kit.
Warning.:All firing at the demolition kit shouldbe conducted from a minimumdistance of 100 meters if the firing isfrom a tank or tank-like vehicle.Firing of rifle grenades, antitankrockets, machine guns, or othernonenclosed weapons must alwaysbe accomplished from cover.
Elapsed time: about 5 minutes.
(4) Method 3 - by detonation.
(a) Cross stack (cased or uncasedsection assemblies in one or morepiles in order to facilitate completedestruction.
(b) For complete details on the use ofdemolition materials and methodsof priming and detonatingdemolition charges, refer to FM 5-25. Training and careful planningare essential.
Warning:
Danger area is about 300 meters.
Elapsed time: about 5 minutes.
33
APPENDIXREFERENCES
1. Publication Indexes
The following indexes should be consulted frequently for latest changes or revisions of references given in thisappendix and for new publications relating to materiel covered in this technical manual.
Index of Army Motion Pictures, Film Strips, Slides and........................................DA Pam 108-1Phono-Recordings.
Military Publications:Index of Administrative Publications..............................................................DA Pam 310-1Index of Blank Forms ....................................................................................DA Pam 310-2Index of Graphic Training Aids and Devices...................................................DA Pam 310-5Index of Supply Manuals; Ordnance Corps ...................................................DA Pam 310-29Index of Technical Manuals, Technical Bulletins, Supply...............................DA Pam 310-4
Bulletins, Lubrication Orders, and Modification Work Orders.Index of Training Publications .......................................................................DA Pam 310-3
2. Supply Manuals
The following supply manuals of the Department of the Army supply manuals pertain to this equipment:a. Ammunition.
Ammunition (Class 1375 Explosives, Bulk Propellants, and.................................SM 9-5-1375Explosive Devices).
Ammunition and Explosives (Class 1340 Rockets and Rocket..............................SM 9-5-1340Ammunition).
Ammunition and Explosives (Class 1390 Fuzes and Primers) .............................SM 9-5-1390Ammunition and Explosives: Land Mines ............................................................SM 9-5-1345Grenades, Hand and Rifle, and Related Components ..........................................SM 9-5-1330Stock List of All Items, Price List, FSC Groups 10 through 28 .............................SM 9-2-1
b. Destruction to Prevent Enemy Use.Ammunition (Class 1375 Explosives, Bulk Propellants, and.................................SM 9-5-1375
Explosive Devices).Ammunition and Explosives: Land Mines ............................................................SM 9-5-1345
c. General.Introduction .........................................................................................................ORD 1
d. Maintenance and Repair.Tool Kit, Field Maintenance, Explosive Ordnance Disposal Squad ......................SM 9-4-5180-J8-1
(FSN 5180-754-0644).
e. Training Aids.Training Aid Catalog ............................................................................................TO 28-1-3
3. Forms
The following forms pertain to this materiel:DA Form 9-1, Materiel Inspection TagDA Form 468, Unsatisfactory Equipment ReportDA Form 2028, Recommended Changes to DA Technical Manual
Parts Lists or Supply Manual 7, 8, or 9(Cut Sheet)
34
DD Form 6, Report of Damaged or Improper ShipmentDD Form 517, Ammunition Condition Report
4. Other Publications
The following explanatory publications contain information pertinent to this materiel and associated equipment:
a. General.Dictionary of United States Army Terms ..............................................................AR 320-5Military Symbols ..................................................................................................FM 21-30Military Terms, Abbreviations, and Symbols: Authorized......................................AR 320-50
Abbreviations and Brevity Codes.Military Training...................................................................................................FM 21-5Techniques of Military Instruction ........................................................................FM 21-6
b. Ammunition.Ammunition and Explosives Material; Surveillance and Safety ............................AFR 136-6Ammunition, General ..........................................................................................TM 9-1900Ammunition: Restricted or Suspended ................................................................TB 9-AMM-2Ammunition Supply ............................................................................................AFR 67-28Basic Cold Weather Manual ................................................................................FM 31-70Care, Handling, Preservation and Destruction of Ammunition .............................TM 9-1903
TO 11A-1-37Demolition Materials ...........................................................................................TM 9-1946Disposal of Supplies and Equipment: Ammunition ...............................................SR 755-140-1Explosives and Demolition ..................................................................................FM 5-25Explosives: Disposal by Dumping at Sea ............................................................SR 75-70-10
AFR 68-3Grenades and Pyrotechnics ................................................................................FM 23-30Issue of Supplies and Equipment: Preparation, Processing, and..........................AR 725-5
Documentation for Requisitioning, Shipping, and Receiving.Logistics (General):
Malfunctions Involving Ammunition and Explosives.......................................AR 700-1300-8(Reports Control Symbol ORD-43).
Unsatisfactory Equipment Report ..................................................................AR 700-38Marking and Packing of Supplies and Equipment: Marking of..............................AR 746-80
Supplies for Shipment.Northern Operations ............................................................................................FM 31-71Operation and Maintenance of Ordnance Materiel in Extreme..............................TM 9-207
Cold Weather, 0o to -65oF.Ordnance Direct Support Service ........................................................................FM 9-3Ordnance General and Depot Support Service ....................................................FM 9-4Protection of Ordnance General Supplies in Open Storage .................................TB ORD 379Safety:
Regulations for Firing Ammunition for Training, Target..................................AR 385-63Practice, and Combat..............................................................................AFR 50-13
Reporting and Records .................................................................................AR 385-40Transportation and Travel:
Military Traffic Management Regulation ........................................................AR 55-355Transportation by Water of Explosives and Hazardous Cargo........................AR 55-228
35
By Order of Secretary of the Army:
G. H. DECKER,General, United States Army,
Official: Chief of Staff.J. C. LAMBERT,
Major General, United States Army,The Adjutant General.
Distribution:
Active Army:
DCSLOG (1) 5-15CNGB (1) 5-16Tech Stf, DA (1) except 5-37
CofOrd (12) 5-125USA Ord Bd (1) 5-127USCONARC (3) 5-315ARADCOM (2) 5-317ARADCOM Rgn (2) 9-7OS Maj Comd (2) 9-22OS Base Comd (2) 9-25LOGCOMD (1) 9-26Armies (3) except 9-27
Fourth USA (1) 9-65Fifth USA (2) 9-66Sixth USA (1) 9-67
Corps (2) 9-76Div (2) 9-510 (AA, AC, DA)Instl (2) 17-17Br Svc Sch (2) 17-22Ord Arsenals (5) except 17-25
Raritan Arsenal (10) 17-26USA Corps (2) 17-27Units org under fol TOE: 17-51
(2 copies each) 17-555-5 17-655-7 17-66
NG: State AG (3); Units - Same as Active Army except allowance is one copy to each unit.USAR: None.For explanation of abbreviations used, see AR 320-50.
U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1993 0 - 342-421 (63343)
36
The Metric System and Equivalents
Linear Measure Liquid Measure
1 centiliter = 10 milliters = .34 fl. ounce1 centimeter = 10 millimeters = .39 inch 1 deciliter = 10 centiliters = 3.38 fl. ounces1 decimeter = 10 centimeters = 3.94 inches 1 liter = 10 deciliters = 33.81 fl. ounces1 meter = 10 decimeters = 39.37 inches 1 dekaliter = 10 liters = 2.64 gallons1 dekameter = 10 meters = 32.8 feet 1 hectoliter = 10 dekaliters = 26.42 gallons1 hectometer = 10 dekameters = 328.08 feet 1 kiloliter = 10 hectoliters = 264.18 gallons1 kilometer = 10 hectometers = 3,280.8 feet
Square MeasureWeights
1 sq. centimeter = 100 sq. millimeters = .155 sq. inch1 centigram = 10 milligrams = .15 grain 1 sq. decimeter = 100 sq. centimeters = 15.5 sq. inches1 decigram = 10 centigrams = 1.54 grains 1 sq. meter (centare) = 100 sq. decimeters = 10.76 sq. feet1 gram = 10 decigram = .035 ounce 1 sq. dekameter (are) = 100 sq. meters = 1,076.4 sq. feet1 decagram = 10 grams = .35 ounce 1 sq. hectometer (hectare) = 100 sq. dekameters = 2.47 acres1 hectogram = 10 decagrams = 3.52 ounces 1 sq. kilometer = 100 sq. hectometers = .386 sq. mile1 kilogram = 10 hectograms = 2.2 pounds1 quintal = 100 kilograms = 220.46 pounds Cubic Measure1 metric ton = 10 quintals = 1.1 short tons
1 cu. centimeter = 1000 cu. millimeters = .06 cu. inch1 cu. decimeter = 1000 cu. centimeters = 61.02 cu. inches1 cu. meter = 1000 cu. decimeters = 35.31 cu. feet
Approximate Conversion Factors
To change To Multiply by To change To Multiply by
inches centimeters 2.540 ounce-inches Newton-meters .007062feet meters .305 centimeters inches .394yards meters .914 meters feet 3.280miles kilometers 1.609 meters yards 1.094square inches square centimeters 6.451 kilometers miles .621square feet square meters .093 square centimeters square inches .155square yards square meters .836 square meters square feet 10.764square miles square kilometers 2.590 square meters square yards 1.196acres square hectometers .405 square kilometers square miles .386cubic feet cubic meters .028 square hectometers acres 2.471cubic yards cubic meters .765 cubic meters cubic feet 35.315fluid ounces milliliters 29,573 cubic meters cubic yards 1.308pints liters .473 milliliters fluid ounces .034quarts liters .946 liters pints 2.113gallons liters 3.785 liters quarts 1.057ounces grams 28.349 liters gallons .264pounds kilograms .454 grams ounces .035short tons metric tons .907 kilograms pounds 2.205pound-feet Newton-meters 1.356 metric tons short tons 1.102pound-inches Newton-meters .11296
Temperature (Exact)
°F Fahrenheit 5/9 (after Celsius °Ctemperature subtracting 32) temperature
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