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Tips to Writing Essays
Beginning & Ending
Thesis Statements & Support
Revising & Editing
Ways to Begin an Essay
1. Explain the context of your topic: What are the positions that led you to write on the issue? What is the background of the topic?
2. State your thesis: Begin by bluntly stating your position; follow with arguments
3. Forecast your organization: Outline the different supporting points you will make in the body
Ways to begin an essay, cont.
4. Connect your topic to readers’ interests or values: Establish common ground by finding something that everyone can appeal to
5. Start with something that will interest the reader: Perhaps use a catchy quote that relates to your topic, a shocking statement, or a statement that makes the reader think
Ways to begin an essay, cont.
6. Start with an anecdote: Provide a brief story or narrative that brings a topic to life
7. Ask a rhetorical question: Open with a question that makes the reader think about the topic
Ways to end an essay1. Restate your main point: Summarize the
central idea and supporting points2. Discuss the implications of your argument:
What does everything you have written mean from this point on?
3. End with an anecdote: Perhaps relate the anecdote back to one you used in the introduction
Ways to end an essay, cont.
4. Refer back to the beginning: If you used something that connecting your topic to the readers’ interests, refer back to it – if you asked a question, answer it
5. Propose a call to action: Offer a solution by enticing readers to make some sort of change or actually doing something
Thesis Statements Thesis Statement – A thesis statement is
the central argument you are making in your essay. It introduces the topic and presents the writer’s attitude, opinion, idea, or point about that topic.
~ The Internet has led to new kinds of frustration in everyday life.
Examples of Thesis Statements, cont.
~ Living in the city has certain advantages over living in the suburbs.
~ A honeymoon is perhaps the worst way to begin a marriage.
~ TV evangelists use sales techniques to promote their messages.
~ My husband and I have several effective ways of disciplining our children.
Tips to Writing Thesis Statements
1. Write statements, NOT announcements
Announcements:
~ The subject of this paper is….
~ I will discuss….
~ __________ is the concern of the essay…
~ I am going to tell you….
Tips to Writing Thesis Statements2. Avoid statements that are too broad: ~ Disease has shaped human history. ~ Insects are fascinating creatures. ~ Men and women are very different.
INSTEAD: ~ In the mid-1980s, AIDS changed peoples’
attitudes about dating. ~ Men and women are often treated differently in
the workplace.
Tips to Writing Thesis Statements3. Avoid statements that are too narrow: ~ The speed limit near my home is sixty-five miles
per hour. ~ A person must be at least thirty-five years old to
be elected president.INSTEAD:
~ The speed limit near my home should be lowered to fifty-five miles per hour.
~ The requirement that a person must be at least thirty-five to be elected president is unfair.
Tips to Writing Thesis Statements4. Make sure statements develop only ONE idea:~ One of the most serious problems affecting young
people today is bullying, and it is time more kids learned the value of helping others.
~ Studying with others has several benefits, but it also has drawbacks and can be difficult to schedule.
INSTEAD:~ One of the most serious problems affecting youth is
bullying. ~ Studying with others has several benefits.
Supporting Points Support your central idea with specific arguments
that back up your main point:
THESIS: The neighborhood grocery store is poorly managed.
SUPPORT:
1. The checkout lines are always long.
2. The aisles are dirty and under stocked.
3. The employees are unhelpful and even rude.
Supporting Points, cont.
THESIS: Many companies use annoying practices to increase sales.
SUPPORT:
1. Junk mail
2. Spam email
3. Telemarketers/Rebates/Infomercials
Reasons to Revise
1. Sharpen your focus: Does your thesis make a clear point? Is there sufficient support for your thesis? Are there any parts that do not support it? Did your introduction provide background/context? Did your conclusion provide a sufficient summary?
Reasons to Revise, cont.2. Revise to strengthen the argument: Are your
claims unconvincing? Do you need more examples? Do you need more detail? Do you need more research?
3. Revise for organization: Is anything out of place? Do you have transitions?
4. Revise for clarity: Is your title clear and catchy? Is your thesis clear? Will your audience understand your main points?
Reasons to Edit
1. Edit your paragraphs:
a) Does your paragraph focus on one main point?
b) Do you have a topic sentence?
c) Does every sentence relate?
d) Is there enough detail?
e) Are there appropriate transitions?
Reasons to Edit, cont.2. Edit your sentences a) Is each sentence complete? - Capitalization/Punctuation b) Active voice or passive voice? - The choir sang “Amazing Grace.” – Correct - “Amazing Grace” was sung by the choir. – Incorrect c) Vary your sentences - Sentences should be different lengths - Sentences should have different forms – simple,
compound, compound-complex
Reasons to Edit, cont.3. Edit your words:
a) Make words specific.
“I went to class.” – Incorrect
“I went to A&P” – Correct
b) Do not use clichés: Overused phrases such as “like the plague,” “live and learn,” “go with the flow.”
c) Do not use stereotypical or sexist language