5/6/2010

1

GOAT

RAISING

AGRICULTURAL

TRAINING

INSTITUTE – XII

TIPS ON

Industry StatusIndustry Status

� Goat Population

2000 – 3,125,556

2005 – 3,527,189

2.57% Annual Increase

� Multi-purpose animals

58.4% - Milk

35.6% - Meat

4.3% - Hide

1.7% - Fiber

� Low adoption

5/6/2010

2

BREEDS TO RAISE

ANGLO-NUBIAN

BOER

SAANEN

DADIANGAS

5/6/2010

3

TOGGENBURG

NATIVE

SELECTION CRITERIASELECTION CRITERIA

•• AdaptabilityAdaptability

•• TypeType

•• SizeSize

•• Health statusHealth status

* Do not buy breeders from market* Do not buy breeders from market

5/6/2010

4

HOUSINGHOUSING

MATERIALS

COGON/NIPA

USED G.I. SHEET

KAWAYAN

LOW QUALITY LUMBER

LOCATION

UNFLOODED AREAS

DIRECT SUNLIGHT

GOOD VENTILATION

5/6/2010

5

ELEVATION

2 to 3 M

1 M

SPACE REQUIREMENTS:

�Does/Bucks/Adults

� 0.75 - 1.5 sq.m./head

�Growing

� 0.5 - 0.75 sq.m./head

�Kids

� 0.20 - 0.50 sq.m./head

�Loafing Area

�100 to 150 sq.m./50 hds

Growers

Breeders

Buck

Weaners

Kidding pen

Kidding pen

Kidding pen

supplies

5/6/2010

6

FencingFencing

•• Hog wire (9Hog wire (9--eye)eye)

•• CycloneCyclone

•• Post (Post (ipilipil--ipilipil; ; kakawatekakawate,,

kawayankawayan))

•• Barbwire Barbwire –– not advisablenot advisable

FEEDINGFEEDING

•• Grasses & LegumesGrasses & Legumes

15% of Body weight15% of Body weight

Ex. 30 kg goat needs 4.5 kg Ex. 30 kg goat needs 4.5 kg of grasses/legumes/ dayof grasses/legumes/ day

0.15 x 30 kg = 4.5 kg0.15 x 30 kg = 4.5 kg

•• Concentrates Concentrates

0.1 to 0.7 kg0.1 to 0.7 kg

5/6/2010

7

Recommended Grasses/LegumesRecommended Grasses/Legumes

•• Grasses CP%Grasses CP%

��Napier grass Napier grass 1.571.57

��Star grass Star grass 6.036.03

��Guinea grass Guinea grass 1.391.39

��Para grass Para grass 6.056.05

•• LegumesLegumes CP%CP%

��Flemingia Flemingia 6.06.0

��Rensonii Rensonii --

�� Indigofera Indigofera --

��Centrosema Centrosema 7.07.0

��Calliandra Calliandra 9.429.42

�� IpilIpil--ipil 8.0ipil 8.0

��Kakawate 6.5Kakawate 6.5

paragrass napier

rensonii kakawate

5/6/2010

8

Concentrate Ingredients (CP%)Concentrate Ingredients (CP%)

•• Copra mealCopra meal 20.620.6

•• Corn (grain)Corn (grain) 8.18.1

•• Corn branCorn bran 10.510.5

•• Rice bran (cono)Rice bran (cono) 12.312.3

(kiskis)(kiskis) 6.26.2

•• Soybean oil meal (SBOM) Soybean oil meal (SBOM) 44.044.0

•• MolassesMolasses 2.02.0

•• Wheat pollardWheat pollard 17.117.1

CRUDE PROTEIN REQUIREMENTCRUDE PROTEIN REQUIREMENT

AGEAGE CP %CP %

22--16 weeks16 weeks 22 % (starter) 22 % (starter)

4 months 4 months –– kiddingkidding 1818--20 %20 %

Dry, Pregnant, BucksDry, Pregnant, Bucks 1616--18 % 18 %

LactatingLactating 1616--18 % 18 %

5/6/2010

9

SAMPLE

22% Crude Protein

Ground corn – 12 kg ; Rice bran – 24; Copra meal – 40; SBOM –8; Meat & Bone meal-10; Molasses-5; Salt-1

18-20% C.P.

Copra meal-50; Wheat pollard-32; Molasses-15; Bonemeal-2; Salt-1

16-18% C.P.

Copra meal-40; Corn-25; SBOM-15; Rice bran- 10; Molasses-8; Bone meal 1; Salt-1kg

Management of ReproductionManagement of Reproduction

�� Puberty Puberty –– 4 to 8 months4 to 8 months

�� Estrus cycle Estrus cycle –– 21 days21 days

�� Length of estrus Length of estrus –– 2 to 3 days2 to 3 days

�� When to breed? When to breed?

•• As early as 7 mos. old provided it reaches 25 kgAs early as 7 mos. old provided it reaches 25 kg

�� Heat signsHeat signs

bleatingbleating vaginal dischargevaginal discharge

flagging of the tailflagging of the tail ride other doesride other does

reddened vulvareddened vulva

5/6/2010

10

Breeding Soundness ExaminationBreeding Soundness Examination

�� DoesDoes�� intersexintersex-- enlarged clitoris; enlarged clitoris; hypotrophichypotrophic vulvavulva

�� Bucks Bucks �� testicle (size and consistency)testicle (size and consistency)

�� prepuce and penisprepuce and penis

�� erection and libido (anemia; pneumonia)erection and libido (anemia; pneumonia)

�� semen evaluationsemen evaluation

Ways to induce estrusWays to induce estrus

•• Sudden introduction of odoriferous buckSudden introduction of odoriferous buck

•• 20 hrs light for 2 months20 hrs light for 2 months

•• Hormone Hormone

�� 2.5 mg Prostaglandin F22.5 mg Prostaglandin F2--Alpha (PGF2a)Alpha (PGF2a)

�� Progesterone + FSH or PMSGProgesterone + FSH or PMSG

5/6/2010

11

What to do during breeding?What to do during breeding?

��introduce the doe to the buckintroduce the doe to the buck

��breed 2x during estrousbreed 2x during estrous

��provide assistance when provide assistance when necessarynecessary

How to determine pregnancy?How to determine pregnancy?

�� Return to heat Return to heat

�� Progesterone TestProgesterone Test

�� UltrasonographyUltrasonography

�� Radiography Radiography

5/6/2010

12

What to do after 150 days of gestation?What to do after 150 days of gestation?

�� Clean & disinfect the kidding areaClean & disinfect the kidding area

Kidding signs:Kidding signs:Stumping of feetStumping of feet

Restless, lying up Restless, lying up –– downdown

Waxing & engorgement of Waxing & engorgement of

the mammary glandthe mammary gland

Swelling and discharges Swelling and discharges

from the vulvafrom the vulva

��Wipe & dry the newbornWipe & dry the newborn

��Disinfect the navelDisinfect the navel

�� Suck colostrums within an hourSuck colostrums within an hour

RECORDING KEEPINGRECORDING KEEPING

Individual Record Individual Record

Goat No./NameGoat No./Name __________________________

Date of BirthDate of Birth _____________ _____________

SireSire _____________ _____________

DamDam __________________________

SexSex __________________________

Birth weightBirth weight __________________________

ColorColor __________________________

5/6/2010

13

BreederBreeder

Date Breeding

Sire Date Kidding

Kid No. Sex

Birth Weight

Milk Prod.

Lact. Days

Ave. Prod.

Remarks

Other Data:Other Data:

Forage ProductionForage Production

Forage and Concentrate IntakeForage and Concentrate Intake

Health and Treatment UndertakenHealth and Treatment Undertaken

Expenses and Income (ROI)Expenses and Income (ROI)

5/6/2010

14

Health ManagementHealth Management

�� Sanitation Sanitation regular cleaning & disinfectionregular cleaning & disinfection

provide pit or lagoon for fecesprovide pit or lagoon for feces

�� Practice quarantine proceduresPractice quarantine procedures

�� Health ProgramHealth Program

DewormingDeworming

strategic treatment strategic treatment –– every 6 monthsevery 6 months

tactical treatment tactical treatment –– before & during rainy seasonbefore & during rainy season

Vaccination Vaccination

Common DiseasesCommon Diseases

�� Internal Parasitism Internal Parasitism (tapeworm) (tapeworm)

�� PneumoniaPneumonia

OrfOrf

LeptospirosisLeptospirosis

MangeMange

AflatoxicosisAflatoxicosis

Hardware DiseaseHardware Disease

BloatBloat

Hypothermia (newborn)Hypothermia (newborn)

MastitisMastitis

5/6/2010

15

Plants as Dewormer

Pakwan seeds (adlibitum)Atis leaves (adlibitum)Makabuhay leaves (1 basket)Kamatsile leaves (adlibitum)Langka leaves (once a week)Kakawate leaves (adlibitum)Bunga/nganga