2/17/14 9:00 PMTinospora cordifolia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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Tinospora cordifoliaTinospora cordifolia

Scientific classificationKingdom: PlantaeDivision: MagnoliophytaClass: MagnoliopsidaOrder: RanunculalesFamily: MenispermaceaeGenus: TinosporaSpecies: T. cordifolia

Binomial nameTinospora cordifolia(Thunb.) Miers

Tinospora cordifolia, which is known by the common nameGuduchi, is an herbaceous vine of the family Menispermaceaeindigenous to the tropical areas of India, Myanmar and SriLanka.

The plant is a glabrous climbing shrub found throughout India,typically growing in deciduous and dry forests. The leaves areheart shaped. The succulent bark is creamy white to grey incolor, with deep clefts spotted with lenticels. It puts out long,

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slender aerial roots, and is often grown on mango or neem

trees.[1] Flowers are yellow, growing in lax racemes from nodes

on old wood. Fruits are drupes, turning red when ripe.[2]

ConstituentsThe active adaptogenic constituents are diterpene compounds,polyphenols, and polysaccharides, including arabinogalactan

polysaccharide.[3][unreliable source?][4]

In herbal medicineAccording to the 1918 United States Dispensatory, the planthas a long history of use in India as a medicine and in the

preparation of a starch known as Giloe-ka-sat or as Palo.[5]

Tinospora cordifolia and related species such as Tinosporacrispa and Tinospora rumphii Boerl are used in Ayurvedic and

Jamu herbal medicine.[citation needed]

In Ayurvedic useIn Ayurveda, Guduchi is considered one of the most divine

herbs.[6]

Research

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A standardized extract from Tinospora known as Tinofend hasbeen studied clinically. One study in 75 patients with allergicrhinitis (hay fever) showed statistically significant reduction of

symptoms compared to placebo.[7] An independent review ofthis study concluded that "significant intergroup differenceswere seen in all symptoms", although studies in larger

populations may support this finding.[8] A combination of T.cordifolia extract and turmeric extract is effective in reducingthe hepatotoxicity which is induced by the combination ofisoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol for treating

tuberculosis.[9]

Common namesThere are many common names for this species in differentlanguages. Telugu: !ప# $గ (Tippa-teega) Tamil: !"#$ %&(Shindilakodi) Malayalam: ചി#മൃത് (Amruthu, Chittamruthu)

Kannada: ಅಮೃತ ಬ&' (Amrutha balli),[10] Sinhala: Rasakinda,[11] Hindi:geloy (!गलोय), guruc (ग&'च), gurcha, Gujarati: galac,garo, Sanskrit: Amritavalli (अम+तव.ली), amrta (अम+त),cinnodbhava (िछ2नो4वा), Marathi: Guduchi (ग&ड7ची), gulvel(ग&ळ9ल) Oriya: Guluchi

References1. ^ Wagner, Hildebert (1999). Immunomodulatory agents

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from plants. Birkhäuser. p. 294. ISBN 978-3-7643-5848-8.2. ^ Warrier, P. K.; V. P. K. Nambiar, C. Ramankutty, R.

Vasudevan Nair (1996). Indian medicinal plants: acompendium of 500 species, Volume 5. Orient Blackswan.p. 283. ISBN 9788125007630.

3. ^ Winston, David & Maimes, Steven (2007). Adaptogens:Herbs for Strength, Stamina, and Stress Relief. HealingArts Press.

4. ^ S.S. Singh, S.C. Pandey, S. Srivastava, V.S. Gupta, B.Patro, A.C. Ghosh (2003). "Chemistry and medicinalproperties of Tinospora cordifolia". Indian Journal ofPharmacology 35: 83–91.

5. ^ Tinospora. Tinospora cordifolia. | Henriette's HerbalHomepage

6. ^ National R&D Facility for Rasayana7. ^ Badar, VA; Thawani, VR; Wakode, PT; Shrivastava, MP;

Gharpure, KJ; Hingorani, LL; Khiyani, RM (2005). "Efficacyof Tinospora cordifolia in allergic rhinitis". Journal ofEthnopharmacology 96 (3): 445–9.doi:10.1016/j.jep.2004.09.034. PMID 15619563.

8. ^ Guo, R; Pittler, MH; Ernst, E (2007). "Herbal medicinesfor the treatment of allergic rhinitis: A systematic review".Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology 99 (6): 483–95.doi:10.1016/S1081-1206(10)60375-4. PMID 18219828.

9. ^ Adhvaryu MR, Reddy MN, Vakharia BC (2008)."Prevention of hepatotoxicity due to anti tuberculosistreatment: A novel integrative approach". World Journal of

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Gastroenterology 14 (30): 4753–4762.10. ^ Ethnobotanical Leaflets11. ^ Lanka Chronicle

External linksCaldecott, Todd (2006). Ayurveda: The Divine Science ofLife. Elsevier/Mosby. ISBN 0-7234-3410-7. Contains adetailed monograph on Tinospora cordifolia (Guduchi) aswell as a discussion of health benefits and usage in clinicalpractice. Available online athttp://www.toddcaldecott.com/index.php/herbs/learning-herbs/364-guduchihttp://www.ayurvedacollege.com/articles/students/GuduchiGuduchi: The one who protects the body