7/23/2019 Tinnitus Today March 1995 Vol 20, No 1

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Lnraf >;;4 Uh culd 02# Jul`dr >

]kjjktus ]hmny]FD GHTPJNC HE ]FD NLDP KANJ ]KJJK]TQ NQQHAKN]KHJ"]h anrry hj njm supphrt rdsdnraf njm dmuantkhjnc natkvktkds rdcntkjo th tfd trdntldjt hetkjjktus njm htfdr mdedats hr mksdnsds he tfd dnr*"

Kj ]fks Kssud7Mruos njm ]kjjktus PdckdeCdttdr th n ErkdjmEhaus ks Lnjkedstntkhj

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Qhujms He QkcdjadAhlrhc yhur numk`cd nl`kdjad wktfshujms anusdm `y ]kjjktus wktf tfdLnrshjn ]kjjktus Lnsidr erhl Nl`kdjtQfnpds* ]fd erdqudjay njm kjtdjskty he tfdsklucntdm shujms lntaf tfd thjds fdnrm `ylnjy tkjjktus sueedrdrs* ]fdsd lnsikjomdvkads nrd prhvdj deedatkvd kj nsskstkjo

lnjy pntkdjrs kj nmnp tkjo th tfdk r tkjjktus*S/&(d anjjht prdmkat wfdtfdr hr jht tfdLnrshjn ks npprhprkntd ehr yhu# `ut tfdprh`n`kckty he suaadsseuG lnsikjo ks wdccwhrtf ]NIKJO NMUNJ]NOD HE HTF 12MN[ LHkS/D[ @NAI OTNPNJ]DD*]fd Lnrshjn ]krlktus Lnsidr wdkofscdss tfnj rwh phujms th lnid trnjsphrtkjodnsy njm heedrs hvdr 1222 spdakeka erdqudjay sdcdatkhjs th nafkdvd fkof mdekjktkhjj9nsi kjo* ]fd Ln rshjn ]kjjktus Lnsidrusds cdss tfnj 4 wntts he phwdr# hr n`hutns luaf dcdatrkakty ns n slncc jkoft ckoft*

Qdnraf tfd erdqudjay rnjod sdttkjoth mdtdrlkjd tfd spdakeka "adjtdrerdqudjay" he tkjjktus shujm&s+ th prhvkmdprdaksd lnsikjo*HPMDP ]HCC EPDD JH_r7 ,,, ***r ardmkt anrm fhcmdrs pcdnsd ancc thcc erdd* KHrmdr prhmuat !>442 ehr cf&/ Lnrshj9.K kjjktu7* Lnsidr* Hr 7*djm n f ~ 7 a i ehr -0=;*22K&ePDD sc*kppkjo % fnjmckjo+ * cSA rdskmals nmm5$snis tnx* Hjd & G+ ydnr wnrrnly,"ccckj+/&12+ mny lhjdy `nai ounrnj>da* KK HPMDP ]Hcc EPDD JH_622,=16,00==> ?2=(10=,4000 >

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]fd Lnrshjn ednturds hvdr 1222 sdttkjosnmgustn`cd adjtdr erdqudjay# erdqudjayrnjod# njm vhculd ahjtrhc* Rrkvnay fdnmpfhjds anj `d usdm `ut nrd jht kjacumdm*]fd ]kjjktus Lnsidr fns nj uctrn,fkoferdqudjay spdnidr# CDM rdnmhut ehr dnsycdo k k ckty# n erdqudjay ahlpnrkshj afnrt*njm n `ukct,kj hptkhjnc sfut,hee tkldr*

]fd `dmskmd ]kjjktus Lnsidr anj `dpurafnsdm tfrhuof Nl`kdjt Qfnpds ehrfujmrdms cdss tfnj purafnskjo njhtfdr`rnjm*Qkzd7 Tc*?4// S[K 4*64" F 1*>0"* Tsds cc2,c02U NA&002,0=2U nvnkcn`cd+* TCnjm AQN npprhvdmphwdr suppcy*

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]kjjktus ] h m ~ yDmkthrknc njm nmvdrtkskjo heekads7Nldrkanj ]kjjktus Nsshakntkhj#R*H* @hx 4 Rhrtcnjm# HP ;?02?Dxdautkvd Mkrdathr % Dmkthr7Ochrkn D* Pd kaf# Rf*M*D3ckthrknc Nmvkshr7 ]rumy Mruaidr# Rf*M*Nmvdrtkskjo sncds7 N]N,NM#R*H* @hx 4# Rhrtcnjm# HP ;?02?&62^,51=6;?6+]kjltus ]`mny ks pu`cksfdm qunjdrcy kjLnraf# Gujd# Qdptdl`dr njm Mdadl`dr* Kt kslnkcdm th ldl`drs he Nldrkanj ]kjjktusNsshakntkhj nj m n sdcdatdm ckst he tkjj ktussueedrdrs njm prhedsskhjncs wfh trdnttkjjktus* Akraucntkhj ks rhtntdm th >22#222njjunccy*]fd Ru`cksfdr rdsdrvds tfd rkoft th rdgdat hrdmkt nj y lnjusarkpt rdadkvdm ehr pu`ckantkhjnjm th rdgdat njy nmvdrtks kjo mddldmujsuktn`cd ehr ]kjjktus ]`mny* NAadptnjad henmvdrtkskjo `y ]kjjktus ]`mny mhds jht ahjstktutd djmhrsdldjt he tfd nmvdrtksdr# ktsprhmuats hr sdrvkads# jhr mhds ]kjltus]`mny lnid nj y acnkls hr ounrnjtdd s ns thtfd naaurnay hr vnckm kty he tfd nmvdrtksdr/sheedr* ]fd hpkjkhjs dxprdssdm `y ahjtrk`uthrs th ]kjjktus ]`mny nrd jht jdadssnrkcytfhsd he tfd Ru`cksfdr# dmkthrs# stnee# hrnmvdrtksdrs* Nldrkanj ]kjjktus Nsshakntkhjks n jhj,prhekt fulnj fdnctf njm wdcenrdnodjay ujmdr 05 TQA 42> &d+&1+Ahpyrkoft >;;4`y Nldrkanj ]kjjktusNsshakntkhj* Jh pnrt he tfks pu`ckantkhj ln y`d rdprhmuadm# sthrdm kj n rdtrkdvnc systdl#hr trnjslkttdm kj njy ehrl# hr y njyldnjs# wktfhut tfd prkhr wrkttdj pdrlksskhj he tfd Ru`cksfdr* KQQJ7 26;?,5156Qakdjtkeka Nmvkshry AhllkttddPhjncm O* Nldmdd# L*M*# Jdw Hrcdnjs# C*NPh`drt D* @rulldtt# Rf*M*# Rhrtcnjm# HPGnai M* Acdlks# L*M*# Afkanoh# KCPh`drt N* Mh`kd# L*M*# QnjNjthjkh# ]VGhfj P* Dlldtt# L*M*# Ldlpfks# ]JAfrks @* Ehstdr# L*M*# Qnj Mkdoh# AN@nr`nrn Ohcmstdkj# Rf*M*# Jdw [hri# J[Pkafnrm C* Ohhmd# L*M*# Qtnjehrm# ANGhfj _* Fhusd# L*M*# Chs Njodcds# ANPh`drt L* Ghfjshj# Rf*M*# Rhrtcnjm# HPOncd _* Lkccdr# L*M*# Akjakjjntk# HFG* Onkc Jddcy* L*M*# Qt* Chuks# LHGdrry Jhrtfdrj# Rf*M*# Mdjvdr# AHPh`drt D* Qnjmckj# Rf*M*# Qnj Mkdoh# ANNcdxnjmdr G* Qafcdujkjo*T# LM#Rhrtcnjm# HPN`rnfnl Qfuclnj# L*M*# @rhhicyj# J[Lnjsekdcm Qlktf# L*M*# Qnj Ghsd# ANFhjhrnry @hn*rmQdjnthr Lnri 2* FntekdcmLr* /Gcly PnjmnccCdoncAhujsdcFdjry A* @rdktfnuptQthdc Pkvds @hcdy Ghjds % OrdyRhrtcnjm# HP@hnrm he MkrdathrsDmlujm Orhss`dro# Afkanoh# KCMnj Ph`drt Fhais* Rhrtcnjm# HPw* E* Q* Fhpldkdr# Qt* Chuks# LHRfkckp 2* Lhrthj# Rhrtcnjm# HP # Aflj*Nnrhj K* Hsfdrhw# Qt* Chuks# LHOchrkn D* Pdkaf# Rf*M*# Rhrtcnjm# HP]klhtfy Q* Qhths# Cdjdxn# IQ

]fd Ghurjnc he tfd Nldrkanj ]kjjktus NsshakntkhjUhculd 02 Jul`dr ># Lnraf >;;4]kjjktus# rkjokjo kj tfd dnrs hr fdnm jhksds# ks dxpdrkdjadm `y nslnjy ns 42 lkcckhj Nldrkanjs* Ldmkanc fdcp ks hetdj shuoft `y tfhsdwfh fnvd kt kj n sdvdrd # strdsseuc# hr cked,mksruptkjo eh rl *

Ahjtdjts= Erhl tfd Dmkthr `y Ochrkn D* Pdkaf? Mruos njm ]kjjktus Pdckde `y @nr`nrn ]n`nafjkai>1 @hhi Pdvkdw `y ]rumy Mruaidr>5 @kh,Dnr Tpmntd>? Ehaus ks Lnjkedstntkhj `y Lny td Rkaah,Ickjd>6 Cdttd r th n Erkdjm `y @nr`nrn ]f`nafjkai>; AEA Tpmntd>; *N]N Uhcujtddrs01 Eketf Kjtdrjntkhjnc ]kjjktus Qdlkjnr Njjhujadldjt

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]kjjk tus ]h mny(Lnraf >;;4 1

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Erhl tfd Dmkthr`y Ochrkn D* Pdkaf# Rf*M#Dxdautkvd Mkrdathr

]kjjktus rdsdnraf rdadkvdm n ` ko `hhst tfksydnr* Kj Gnjunry N]N eujmdm kts `koodst rdsdnrafprhgdat dvdr* ]fd ekrst ornjt# lnmd erhl tfdPh`drt % Dkcddj @nrkjmt Ldlhrknc PdsdnrafEujm ehr ->22#222# wns nwnrmdm th RnwdcGnstrd`hee ehr n stumydjtktcdm "]kjjktusnsshakntdm wktfshujm kjmuadm fdnrkjo chss*" Kj Mr*Gnstrd`hees whrms#"]kjjktus rdcntdm thshujm,kjmuadm fdnr,kjo chss ks tfd lhstahllhj typdh`sdrvdm kj ackjkancprnatkad* ]fd prhgdatks nkldm nt mdvdchpkjo tfd `dfnvkhrnclhmdc he tfks typd hetkjjktus njm nt kjktkncmdckjdntkhj he tfdnrdns wktfkj tfd jdrvhus systdl kjvhcvdmkj prhadsskjo tfd tkjjktus skojnc* ]fd suaadsseuc ahlpcdtkhj hetfks prhphsnc sfhucmardntd n strhjo `nsksehr euturd whri hj tfd ldafnjksl he fdnrkjochss rdcntdm tkjjktus njm kj tfd sdnraf ehr jdwldtfhms he nccdvkntkhj*"

Njhtfdr rdsdnraf `hhst ahlds erhl tfdJntkhjnc Kjstktutd hj Mdnejdss njm HtfdrAhllujkantkhj Mkshrmdrs wfh fnvd njjhujadmtfdy wkcc `d fhcmkjo n whrisfhp th mksaussdldrokjo numkthry systdl rdsdnraf ijhwcdmodwfkaf ahucm `d usdm th nmvnjad tfd ekdcm he tkjjktus rdsdnraf* ]fd lddtkjo wkcc `d fdcm Lnraf00# >;;4# erhl 6712n*l* th 1722p*l* kjAhjedrdjad Phhl ?# @ukcmkjo 1># nt tfd JntkhjncKjstktutds he Fdnctf# ;222 Phaivkccd Rkid#@dtfdsmn# LM*

= ]kjjktus /]fmny( Lnraf >;;4

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He ahursd# tfd lnkjtkjjktus rdsdnrafnatkvkty tfks ydnr wk`d tfd Eketf Kjtdrjntkhjnc ]kjjktusQdlkjnr th `d fdcmRhrtcnjm# Hrdohj#Gucy >0,c4tf* Rcdnsdsdd tfd `nai ahvdr htfks kssud ehr lhrdkjehrlntkhj hr anccnt &421+ 0=6,;;64*Hj n ckoftdr jhtd7Cnst encc wfdj K wnsvnantkhjkjo kj AfkjK wns surprksdm th

r ekjm n Qtnridy fdnr,kjo nkm heekad hj hjhe tfd lnkj sfhppkjstrddts kj Qfnjofnk*pdrsunmdm tfd numkhldtrkaknj kj afnrodth fnvd fdr pkaturdtnidj wktf ld njm

wd fnm n erkdjmcy dxafnjod dvdj tfhuof wd fnjh ahllhj cnjounod* K sfhwdm fdr ly "stntdhe,tfd,nrt" Qtnridy fdnrkjo nkms njm sfd sfhwdmld tfd hcmdr lhmdcs wfkaf wdrd `dkjo heedrdmtfdrd* K jhtkadm lnjy lhrd fdnrkjo,nkm wdnrdrkj Nskn hj tfks rdadjt trkp njm# ns usunc# ldtlnjy pdhpcd wktf tkjjktus*Ekjnccy# hj `dfnce he ncc he hur rdnmdrs njmtfd stnee nt N]N K/m ckid th tfnji Ackee Ahcckjs ehehur whjmdreuc ydnrs he "Ldmkn _ntaf*" Ackee fnmdakmdm th tnid n rdst erhl tfd ahculj `u t wkcc`d `nai kj tfdsd pnods erhl tkld th tkld wktfspdaknc nrtkacds*

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Cdttdrs th tfd Dmkthr]fd hpkjkhjs dxprdssdm nrd strkatcy tfhsd he tfdcdttdr wrktdrs njm mh jht rdecdat nj hpkjkhj hrdjmhrsdldjt `y N]N*

. whucm t8 ahlldjt hj tfd scddp mkshrmdrs nrt>acd l tfd Mdadl`dr /;= ]kjjktus]`mny* ]fd nrtkacd wns kjtdrdstkjo# fhwdvdr#tfdrd wns jh mksausskhj rdonrmkjo tfd lhst ahllhj anusd he scddp mkshrmdr kj tkjjktus pntkdjts#njm tfnt ks mdprdsskhj*Qcddp pnttdrjs anj vnry erhl fnvkjo mkeekaucty ohkjo th scddp th fnvkjo mkeekaucty stnykjonscddp* ]fd lhst ahllhj sktuntkhj tfnt K sddwktf tkjjktus pntkdjts ks n pntkdjt wfh ohds thscddp dnrcy njm rnpkmcy# `ut nwnidjs nt twh#tfrdd# hr ehur kj tfd lhrjkjo njm ks jht n`cd thoh `nai th scddp* ]fks ks n ahllhj typd he scddppnttdrj nsshakntdm wktf mdprdsskhj njm tfd typdc sdd wktf ly tkjjktus pntkdjts*]fks ks wfy n lkcm njtkmdprdssnjt anj `dvdry fdcpeuc# jht hjcy ehr scddp `ut ncsh ehr tfdtkjjktus* N pntkdjt wfh ks jht odttkjo nmdquntdrdst wkcc ncsh fnvd mkeekaucty wktf tfd tkjjktus*Iddp up tfd ohhm whri.Ghfj _ Fhusd# L*M*# Chs Njodcds Anckehrjkn

K j tfd Mdadl`dr kssud he ]kjjktus ]`mny Krdnm nj nrtkacd erhl Ldc Erddmdj`dro he JdwGdrsdy kj wfkaf fd ldjtkhjs tfd usd heIchjhpkj ehr tkjjktus rd>kde* K `dckdvd tfdrd ks njdrrhr* K ncsh tnid Ichjhpkj# tfhuof ehr mkeedrdjtrdnshjs# njm K `dckdvd kt mhds okvd ld lkcm rdckdeerhl tkjjktus `u t K hjcy tnid 2*4 lo nt jkoft*Naahrmkjo th tfd nrtkacd Lr* Erddmdj`dro wnstnikjo 04lo nt jkoft njm 04 lo kj tfd lhrjkjo*Ks tfdrd n mdaklnc phkjt lksskjo8 K prdedrIchjhpkj hvdr Vnjnx `danusd kt mhds jht okvdld n fnjohvdr*Rnuc Anldrkjh# Cnraflhjt# Jdw [hriDmkthrs jhtd7 Lr* R[ddmdj`dro/s cdttdr mkm sny 04 lo`ut wd thh suspdat n mdaklnc drrhr skjad tfd lnxk,lul mnkcy mhsd rdahlldjmdm `y tfd RMP ks 02lo* Rcdnsd rdnmdrs# hjcy tnid mruos prdsark`dm `yyhur hwj pfyskaknj kj mhsnods tfnt nrd ancaucntdmehr yhu*N s n chjotkld ldl`dr he tfd N]N# K nlwrktkjo th kjehrl yhu tfnt tfd suatkhjldtfhm ehr rdlhvkjo dn r wnx anj `d nmnjodrhus prhadmurd* K nl nwnrd tfnt yhu fnvdprdvkhuscy pu`cksfdm n cdttdr erhl n tkjjktuspntkdjt wfh wns `nmcy mnlnodm `y tfd suatkhjprhadmurd &N]N Jdwscdttdr# Qdptdl`dr >;64#

p*1+# fhwdvdr kj tfd Gujd >;;> kssud he ]kjjktus]`mny# nj nrtkacd wrkttdj `y tfd afnkrlnj he tfdJhrehci ]kjjktus Orhup kj Djocnjm mdsark`ds tfd"Quatkhj Acdnrnjad Ldtfhm" kj ochwkjo tdrls*]fd prhadmurd ks snkm th `d "wktfhut mhu`t tfdsnedst ldtfhm he ncc" njm kt ks stntdm tfnt "Ncctfhsd wfh fnvd fnm tfks trdntldjt fnvd rdphrtdm kt envhrn`cy*"K fnvd jh rdnshj th mhu`t tfd naaurnay hetfks rdphrt# `ut nppnrdjtcy tfdrd ks n `ko mkeedrdjad `dtwddj tfd wny tfks prhadmurd ks mhjd kjDjocnjm njm kj shld ackjkas kj tfd TjktdmQtntds* N />Quatkhj Acdnrnjad Ldtfhm" wns usdmhj ld nt tfd Tjkvdrskty he Lkafkonj LdmkancAdjtdr kj Njj Nr`hr# njm tfd rdsucts wdrdmksnstrhus*

Murkjo tfd ekrst sdvdj ydnrs he ly tkjjktus# Kwns n`cd th cdnm n lhrd hr cdss jhrlnc cked# nschjo ns K nvhkmdm shurads he jhksd* Fhwdvdr# kj>;65 tfd tkjjktus `danld vdry sdvdrd njm lycked afnjodm ahlpcdtdcy*N`hut tfrdd ydnrs noh K fnm wnx rdlhvdmerhl ly dnrs nt tfd Tjkvdrskty he LkafkonjLdmkanc Adjtdr* K thcm tfd pfyskaknj tfnt K mkmjht wnjt fkl th usd suatkhj# sh fd rdlhvdm tfdwnx ldafnjkanccy* ]fd prhadmurd wdjt wdcc#wktf jh nmvdrsd deedats* Kj Nprkc he tfks ydnrwfdj K vksktdm tfd ackjka hjad nonkj ehr wnxrdlhvnc# nppnrdjtcy tfd mhathr wnjtdm th usdsuatkhj* Rdrfnps K fnm `dahld ahlpcnadjt`danusd he shld rdadjt lhmdst klprhvdldjt hely tkjjktus# sh K mdakmdm# ehhcksfcy# th tnid nafnjad* K wns ncsh kjecudjadm `y tfd nrtkacd erhltfd Jhrehci ]kjjktus orhup*K thcm tfd mhathr tfnt K fnm tkjjktus njm fnmth nvhkm chum jhksds* Fd snkm tfnt k e tfd suatkhj`htfdrdm ld fd whucm sthp* Hj tfks `nsks# Knorddm th oh hj wktf tfd prhadmurd* Hj tfd ekrstpnss wktf tfd suatkhj nppnrntus# K fdnrm n fhrrk`cd# pkdrakjo# fkof pktafdm sardnl# dnskcy kjdxadss he >22 m@* K rdahkcdm kj sfhai* ]fd mhathrsnkm fd whucm afnjod tfd skzd he tfd jhzzcd shtfnt tfdrd whucm `d cdss jhksd* K mhj/t rdldl`drjhw wfdtfdr njy he tfd suaaddmkjo jhksds wdrdns `nm ns tfd ekrst , K mh ijhw tfnt tfdrd wdrdchum ackais njm chum fkof pktafdm shujms*Netdr tfd prhadmurd wns ahlpcdtd# n sdjkhrmhathr dxnlkjdm ly dnrs njm snkm dvdrytfkjochhidm ncrkoft* Nt tfnt tkld# ly tkjjktus wnsshldwfnt chumdr tfnj `dehrd tfd prhadmurd*_fdj K oht fhld 12 lkjutds cntdr# tfd tkjjktus

]kjjktus ]hmny( Lnraf >;;4 4

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Cdttdrs th tfd Dmkthr &ahjtludm+wns mdekjktdcy chumdr tfnj "jhrlnc*" @y >2 hr cctfnt jkoft# tf d kjtdjskty he tfd tkjjktus wns 0,1tklds chumdr tfnj "jhrlnc" njm tfdrd wns njhvdrcny he luaf lhrd purd,thjd tkjjktus tfnt Kusunccy fdnrm* Jnturnccy# K nl whrrkdm n`hut tfdskojkekanjad he tfks jdw mnlnod*

K t ks phssk`cd# K supphsd# tfnt tfd suatkhjnppnrntus wns lnceujatkhjkjo wfdj kt wns usdmhj ld# njm tfnt tfd Ackjka mhds jh t rhutkjdcydxphsd pntkdjts th tfd jhksd cdvdcs K dxpdrkdjadm* K mhj/t ijhw wfnt tfd mkeedrdjad ks`dtwddj tfd prhadmurd usdm kj Djocnjm njm tfdprhadmurd usdm hj ld , pdrfnps rdsucts mdpdjmhj tfd strdjotf he tfd suatkhj hr shld htfdrmdskoj ednturd* ]fd afnkrlnj he tfd JhrehciOrhup lnids n phkjt he tfd enat tfnt tfd Djocksfldtfhm kjvhcvds "n slncc suatkhj tu`d nttnafdmth n ckttcd vnauul pulp*"K urod yhu th wnrj yhur rdnmdrs tfnt tfd suatkhj ldtfhm anj `d mnjodrhus# nt cdnst kj tfdwrhjo fnjms* K wksf K fnm sddj suaf n wnrjkjo`dehrd K ncchwdm tfd Hthcnryjohchoy Ackjka thnmm th tfd `urmdj he ly tkjjktus*Lhrthj K* Mhckj# Njj Nr`hr# LkafkonjDmkthrs jhtd7 Ldafnjkanc rdlhvnc hewnx anj jhw`d naahlpcksfdm wfkcd vkdwkjo tfd dnr anjnc wktf nahlputdrkzdm hthsahpd* @htf ackjkaknj &njm pntkdjt+anj vksunccy h`sdrvd tfd phsktkhj he fd wnx njmwktf nj npprhprkntd kjstruldjt kt anj `d anrdeuccy&njm qukdtcy+ dnsdm hut he tfd dnr anjnc* N `ukcmuphe dnr wnx anj `d n prh`cdl jhw tfnt lhrd pdhpcdnrd wdnrkjo anjnc typd fdnrkjo,nkms* Kt ks ncsh phssk`cd th rdlhvd wnx `y kjtrhmuakjo wntdr ns kj tfdsuatkhj ldtfhm `ut tfdj lhppkjo kt hut rntfdr tfnjuskjo tfd jhksy nspkrnthr*

Qhldtfkjo fnppdjdm th ld n edw mnys noh&Nuoust >;;=+7 K fnm ohjd th `dm njm summdjcy tfd whrcm afnjodm7 ly pucsntkjo dnroht qukdt* Nj n`shcutd ekrst kj 00 ydnrs* K t wns nwhjmdreuc skcdjad# n ordnt sdjsntkhj* K wnjtdm thstny nwnid th djghy kt chjodr* Fhwdvdr9 K edccnscddp njm wfdj K whid up ehur hr sh fhurscntdr tfd phujmkjo fnm rdturjdm# njm kt ks stkcctfdrd* K nsidm lysdce wfnt ahucm fnvd anusdmtfks summdj , thh sfhrt, afnjod* _ns tfdrd njytfkjo tfnt ahucm fnvd fdcpdm ld kjmuad kt8Pdadjtcy K fnm ohjd th fdnr n cdaturd `yGhfj LnaMhuonc# L*M* erhl Qnjtn Phsn# AN* Fdnmvhantds n jhj,ent(jhj,njklnc mkdt# th aur`fkof afhcdstdrhc* K ncrdnmy nl hj n ent,erdd mkdt#

5 ]kjjktus >`mny( Lnraf >;;4

`ut K wnjtdm th fdcp ly fus`njm dnt tfnt wnythh* Qhld mkdtnry su`stnjads wdrd rdahlldjdm * Hjd wns phwmdrdm onrcka njm K fnm tnidjly ekrst hjd# 422lo# `dehrd ly 02 lkjutdskcdjad haaurrdm* He ahursd# K/vd skjad tnidjlhrd he tfdl# `ut tfd skcdjad mkm jh t rdturj*Dckzn`dtf G* Jkafhcshj

&Gnjunry >;;4+ Njhtfdr cdttdr erhl Ls*Jkafhcshj snys# "[hu lkoft jh t fnvd tnidj tfnldssnod sdrkhuscy* Fhwdvdr# kt mkm fnppdj# njcnst jkoft kt fnppdjdm nonkj njm K tfkji K jhwijhw fhw* K nl tnikjo >lo Ichjhpkj dvdryjkoft* Qwncchwkjo tfks pkcc K dxpdrkdjad n juleddckjo kj tfd `nai he ly tfrhnt ehr n `rkde pdrhm# ekvd lkjutds# K fnvdj/t tkldm kt* K whjmdrtfd kjodstkhj he Ichjhpkj okvds ld tfksdupfhrkn, he`dkjo wktfhut tfd tkjjktus8Dckzn`dtf G* Jkafhcshj# Qnj Mkdoh# Anckehrjkn

N `hut ekvd ydnrs noh# K mdakmdm th chsdwdkoft `y gulpkjo njm rujjkjo kj pcnahj n slncc trnlphckjd* Netdr nclhst twhwddis he tfks# K `donj fdnrkjo n jhksd tfntshujms ckid n wfkstckjo tdnpht gust `dehrd k t ohkjth kts f kof pktafdm wfkstcd*K wdjt th nj LM dnr spdaknckst wfh dxnlkjdm ld ehr fdnrkjo chss* _fdj K ldjtkhjdm tth fkl# fd snkm tfdrd wns jh wny tfnt K ahucmfnvd stnrtdm tkjjktus `y gulpkjo nrhujm* ]fnyhu ehr ahjekrlkjo wfnt K suspdatdm wktf yhunrtkacd hj p* >5 he tfd Qdptdl`dr >;;= kssud h]kjjktus ]`mny wfkaf stntdm tfnt n rdsdnrafdrckjidm tfd gnrrkjo# njm `hujakjo nsshakntdm wkfkof klpnat ndrh`kas th tkjjktus* K whucm ckid tfdnr erhl htfdrs wfh fnvd fnm n sklkcnrdxpdrkdjad*Ph`drt E* Qpnjocdr# Fnrrks`uro# Rdjjsycvnjkn

K j Lnraf >;;1 hut he tfd `cud K ahjtrnatdmrdecux dshpfnoktks* ]fks ahjmktkhj wns vdryujahlehrtn cd th sny tfd cdnst* K vksktdm sdvdrnc onstrhdjtdrhchoksts njm wns kjtrhmuadm thshld fdnvy ldmkantkhj ns prhthahc* ]h ld tfdprdsarkptkhjs wdrd thh strhjo njm ujjnturnc shmdakmdm th tu rj thwnrms nctdrjntkvd ldmkakjd# n fhckstka L*M* K wkcc rdordt tfks lhvd ehr ns chns K ckvd* Netdr n ekvd lkjutd ahjvdrsntkhj wktftfd mhathr fd sn km# "Cdt ld wnci yhu mhwj thly ahccdnoud wfh wkcc okvd yhu shld naupujturd nmgustldjts*"&ahjtkjudm hj pnod 02+

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Mruos Njm ]kjjktus Pdckde`y @nr`nrn ]n`nafjkai#Ackdjt Qdrvkads Ahhrmkjnthr"Ke tfdy anj put nlnj hj tfd lhhj# surdcytfdy anj ekjm n aurd ehr tkjjktus*", sdvdrnc fujmrdm N]N ldl`drs

Ru`cka sdjtkldjt ehr spnad dxpchrntkhj murkjo tfd >;52/s njm ?2/s kjspkrdm cdokscnthrs theujm tfd cujnr edrvhr he tfnt tkld* ]h tfnt skjocddjm# npprhxklntdcy >22 `kcckhj tnx mhccnrs wdrdncchantdm* ]fd trkulpfnjt T*Q* lhhj lksskhjstfnt ehcchwdm wdrd acdnr tdstnldjts th tfd tfdhry tfnt# okvdj djhuof lhjdy# njytfkjo anj `drdnckzdm*

]kjjktus rdsdnraf fns tfd phtdjtknc th tnidpnrnccdc strkmds# `ut jht `dehrd shld `ko ekjnjaknc ekrds nrd ckt* Cnst ydnr/s ohvdrjldjtnc spdjm,kjo ehr tkjjktus rdsdnraf fhvdrdm nrhujm-?42#222' , n fujmrdm tfhusnjm tklds cdss tfnjtfd ahst he hur cujnr ahjqudst* Qhldfhw# tfdjddm ehr tkjjktus rdckde lust `d cnujafdm kjthtfd pu`fa ahjsakhusjdss* K t lust `dahld njhtfdr jntkhjnc h`sdsskhj*Nonkjst n rdaurrdjt `naimrhp he cklktdmeujmkjo# tfks nrtkacd dxnlkjds mruos njm mruotypds tfnt fnvd `ddj rdsdnrafdm ehr trdntkjotkjjktus* K t ks jht kjtdjmdm ns nj djmhrsdldjt henjy ldmkantkhj hr tfdkr ahl`kjntkhj jhr mhds ktrdahlldjm tfnt mruos sfhucm `d usdm ehrtkjjktus rdckde*

]fd sdcdatkhj he spdakeka mruos th rdsdnraffns tfus enr `ddj `nsdm hj njdamhtnc kjehrlntkhj njm ldmkanc ahjgdaturd* N rdckde,okvkjotkjjktus ldmkantkhj lny ehr dxnlpcd `d needatkjo tfd fnkr adccs# jdrvd ek`drs# numkthry ahrtdx#hr `chhm echw th tfd ahafcdn* Hj tfd htfdr fnjm#njxkhcytkas hr njtkmdprdssnjts lny sklpcy `ddjn`ckjo pntkdjts th eddc `dttdr wfkcd tfd jhksdsahjtkjud* Tjtkc tfd ldafnjksl he tkjjktus ks mksahvdrdm# wfy n mruo whris hr mhdsj/t whrirdlnkjs tfdhrdtkanc*']fd Jntkhjnc Kj7:tktutd hj Mdnejdss njm htfdr AhllujkantkhjMkshrmdrs &JKMAM+ spdjt npprhxklntdcy -;2 lkcckhj hj nccfdnrkjo,rdcntdm rdsdnraf kj >;;=* _fz>d spdaucntkvdcy njyrdsdnraf kjvhcvkjo tfd dnr ahucm fdcp ujrnvdc tfd lystdry hetkjjktus# n`hut -?42#222 wns afnjjdccdm spdakekanccy kjth tkjjktus rdsdnraf*> @rulldtt# P7 ]kjjktus7 Mruos kj tfd trdntldjt he tkjjktus* >;660 Qfuclnj N# Nrnj GL* >`jjmhreG# Edcmlnjj F# Udrjhj G 7 ]kjjktus,

mknojhsks(trdntldjt* >;;>1 LaAhrlkai LQ* ]fhln s GJ7 Ldxkcdtkjd kj tfd rdckdehe tkjjktus* >;62

NjdstfdtkasAckjkanc h`sdrvnt khj he n tkjjktus,rdckdvkjo

mruo wns ekrst rdahrmdm kj >;14* Nt tfnt tkld#rdsdnrafdr @nrnjy jhtkadm tfntpntkdjts wfh/m fnm tfd chanc njdstfdtka prhankjd kjgdatdm kjth tfdchwdr pnrt he tfdkr jnsnc anvkty wnccsdxpdrkdjadm n adssntkhj he tfdkr tkj

jktus ehr n "pdrkhm he tkld*"> Kj lhrd rdadjtmdanmds# rdsdnraf wktf kjtrnvdjhus ckmhankjdsddldm `hrmdrkjo hj n `rdnitfrhuof* Kj hjdstumy `y Dlldtt njm Qfdn# =;$ he =20 pntkdjtswktf ujkcntdrnc tkjjktus fnm pnrtknc hr ahlpcdtdrdckde erhl tfdkr tkjjktus ehr vnrykjo `ut sfhrtmurntkhjs &lkjutds th fhurs+* Qdvdjty,tfrdd pdradjt he >;2 `kcntdrnc tkjjktus pntkdjts kj tfdsnld stumy fnm pnrtknc hr ahlpcdtd rdckde ehr tfdsnld cklktdm murntkhj* 0Ckmhankjd ahlds wktf prh`cdls , kt lust `dnmlkjkstdrdm kjtrnvdjhuscy# kts deedats nrd sfhrtckvdm# njm kts prhpdrtkds ns n anrmkna mdprdssnjtlnid kts usd fkofcy anutkhjnry* Kts `rkde`uttfhrhuof suaadss ns n tkjjktus kjfk`kthr cdm thtfd sdnraf ehr n sklkcnrcy,natkjo mruo &nj njncho+wktf edwdr skmd deedats njm kj hrnc ehrl# tfntahucm prhmuad sustnkjdm tkjjktus rdckde* ]fdmruo ldxkcdtkjd wns mdvdchpdm `ut prhmuadmahpkhus skmd deedats njm jh tkjjktus rdckde*1 N>;6= stumy he thankjkmd sfhwdm n slncc fkjt hefhpd* @ut tfd mruo/s dxtdjskvd skmd deedats&sdvdrd rnsfds# mkzzkjdss# fdnrt mnlnod+=afdaidm tfd rdsdnraf ahllujkty/s djtfusknslehr n whrikjo ckmhankjd njncho* Kj >;6? rdsdnrafhj njhtfdr njncho# ecdankjkmd nadtntd&/cccl`hahr+# enkcdm th mdlhjstrntd njy `djdekt*4Njtkmdprdssnjts

]fayacka njtk,mdprdsskvds nppdnr th fdcp tkjjktus `ut rdsdnrafdrs nrd ujsurd wfy* K t lny `d`danusd tfdsd mruos `chai tfd "rduptnid/> hrrdn`shrptkhj he jdurnc su`stnjads ckid sdrhthjkj#afdlkancs ahjskmdrdm idy kj nccdvkntkjo `rnkjmkshrmdrs kjacumkjo mdprdsskhj*

Kj >;64# n mhu`cd,`ckjm pcnad`h stumy he tfdtrkayacka trklkprnlkjd wns ahjmuatdm wktf >;pntkdjts* _fdj okvdj tfd mruo> dkoft pntkdjts= Fucsfhe GF# vdl>dkg R7 ]fd deedats he J ckmhankjd njm sdvdrnc mkeedrdjtmhsds he hrnc thankjkmd* >;6=4 Fnridr CN#/G[kdr PQ# dt nc7 Dvncuntkhj heecaankjkmd nadtntd &]fl`hahr+ns n trdntldjt ehr tkjjktus* >;6?

]kjjktus ]hmny(Lnraf >;;4 ?

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Mruos Njm ]kjjktus Pdckde &ahjtkjudrdphrtdm rdckde# tfrdd jhtdm jh afnjod# njmsdvdj fnm nj kjardnsd kj tkjjktus* _fdj tfdsnld >; rdadkvdm tfd pcnad`h# dkoft ncsh rdphrtdm rdckde# sdvdj jh afnjod# njm ehur `danldwhrsd* Pdsdnrafdrs Lkfnkc dt nc* ahjacumdm tfntwfkcd tfd mruo wns jht pnrtkaucnrcy deedatkvd# tfdpcnad`h deedat wns skojkekanjt*5 &Jhtd7 ]fd"pcnad`h deedat" haaurs wfdj pntkdjts rdadkvd njkjnatkvd ldmkanc trdntldjt ujijhwkjocy `utrdsphjm ns ke tfdy/m rdadkvdm tfd natkvd trdntldjt* ]fks pfdjhldjhj fns nj h`vkhus klpnathj tfd dvncuntkhj he n mruo/s deedatkvdjdss*Ahjsdqudjtcy# tfd mntn ahccdatdm erhl jhjpcnad`h ahjtrhccdm stumkds nrd ahjskmdrdmkjahlpcdtd*+

Qtumkds `y Ldkicd? njm Fhusd6 `htf sfhwdmtfnt tkjjktus sdvdrkty njm tkjjktus chumjdss mkmjht ahrrdcntd* Kjstdnm# pdhpcd wktf kmdjtkanc tkjjktus chumjdss thcdrntdm tfdkr jhksds quktd mkeedrdjtcy* Qucckvnj/s rdsdnraf wktf mdprdssdm njmjhj,mdprdssdm tkjjktus pntkdjts suoodstdm n jdwahrrdcntd, tfnt "mdprdsskhj lny mkstkjouksftfhsd mksn`cdm `y tfdkr tkjjktus erhl tfhsd wfhnrd jht mksn`cdm* ";Kj >;6;# Qucckvnj prdsdjtdm tfd rdsucts hefksrdsdnraf wktf jhrtrkptyckjd7 Jkjdtddj pntkdjts ,ncc wktf tkjjktus njm skojs he lnghr mdprdsskhj ,`donj tfd stumy* Hjd pntkdjt/s tkjjktus `danldwhrsd murkjo tfd trknc9 njhtfdr afhsd th mksahjtkjud tfd prhthahc* Tphj ahlpcdtkhj he tfdstumy# >0 pntkdjts rdphrtdm tfdkr tkjjktusklprhvdm tfhuof jht dcklkjntdm9 ekvd jhtdm jhafnjod* &]wh he tfd >0 phsktkvd rdsphjmdrs ncshrdsphjmdm envhrn`cy th tfd pcnad`h*+ Qucckvnjkjmkantdm tfnt jhrtrkptyckjd wns sdcdatdm ehr tfdstumy `danusd kt fns jht `ddj sfhwj th anusdtkjjktus* ]fd rdsdnrafdr eurtfdr suoodstdm tfnthtfdr trkayacka njtkmdprdssnjts ahucm sfhw sklkcn r phsktkvd rdsucts*Pdsphjsds th nj kjehrlnc survdy wdrdrdadjtcy dvncuntdm nt tf d Hrdohj FdnrkjoPdsdnraf Adjtdr rdonrmkjo tf d njtkmdprdssnjtpnrhxdtkjd &Rnx*kc+* Ekvd he tfd >6 wfh rdsphjmdm th tfd qudstkhjjnkrd rdphrtdm tkjjktus rdckdewktf tfd mruo# `ut lhst rdphrtdm jhjd* ]frdd5 Lkfnkc PA# Eksf`ul G # Arhwcdy GL# Pdkjwncc GD# _ncmdj @# Wngtafui *G]7]fd trkayacka trklkprnlkjd kj tfd trdntldl he su`gdatkvd tkjjktus* >;64? Ldkicd L# Udrjhj G# Ghfjshj P7 ]fd pdradkvdm sdvdrkty he tkjjktus* G ;6=

6 ]kjjktus ]hmny( Lnraf >;;4

jhtdm n tdlphrnry dxnadr`ntkhj he tfdkr tkjjk&Mhsnods wdrd jh t ldjtkhjdm*+ _fkcd tfdrd wn 06$ phsktkvd rdsphjsd# tfd pdradjtnod wns fkof djhuof th spnri kjtdrdst kj eurtfdr kjvdsontkhj# naahrmkjo th Ph`drt @rulldtt RfM* Fdxpcnkjdm tfnt danusd njy mruo anj prhmuad12$ pcnad`h rdsphjsd# rdsdnrafdrs chhi ehr nluaf ordntdr phsktkvd rdsphjsd kj nj hpdjstumy `dehrd tfdy ahjskmdr lhujtkjo n cnrodrahjtrhccdm stumy*

NjtkahjvucsnjtsNjtkahjvucsnjt mruos sdcdatkvdcykjfk`kt jdurnc natkvkty kj tfd adjtrjdrvhus systdl &AJQ+*Ahjsdqudjtcy# tfdy nrd nj deedatkvd trdntldjehr dpkcdpsy njm fnvd sfhwj phsktkvd deedats h

tkjjktus* &Qhld sakdjtksts ckidj tkjjktus thdpkcdpsy erhl tf d stnjmphkjt he AJQnatkvkty*+

N >;?; stumy `y Ldcmkjo njm Ohhmdy dxnkjdm tf d deedats he 522,>222 lo mnkcy he hrnc a`nlnzdpkjd &]fordthc+ njm =22 lo mnkcy hemkpfdjycfymnjthkj &Mc>njtkj+ hj >04 pntkdjtwfhsd tkjjktus wns ahjskmdrdm "kjthcdrn`cd njkjaurn`cd*" @dehrd tf d njtkahjvucsnjts wdrd`douj# tkjjktus pntkdjts wdrd okvdj nj KU heckojhankjd &nin ckmhankjd+ njm tfdkr rdsphjsdldnsurdm* Ekety,skx pdradjt he tfhsd wfhrdsphjmdm wdcc th ckojhankjd ncsh rdsphjmdmwdcc th anr`nlnzdpkjd* &Quaadss rntds ehr tfhswfh thhi mkpfdjycfymnjthkj wdrd jh t mksaussdm*+ Rntkdjts wfh/m fnm ckttcd hr jh rdsphjth ckojhankjd# mkm jh t rdsphjm th dktfdr he tfdtwh hrnc njtkahjvucsnjts* Qkmd deedats hefdnmnafds# jnusdn# njm sdmntkhj th vnrykjomdordds wdrd dxpdrkdjadm `y twh,tfkrms he tfdpntkdjts kj tf d stumy* >2

]fdsd ekjmkjos# mdspktd tfd fkof kjakmdjadnmvdrsd deedats# prhlptdm n mhu`cd,`ckjm pcna`h stumy kj >;6> th eurtfdr dxnlkjd ]fordthc/sklpnat hj tkjjktus* Netdr ehur lhjtfs# >1 hut?6 pntkdjts wfh/m rdadkvdm 022lo mnkcy he]fordthc kjmkantdm ohhm th dxadccdjt tkjjktusrdckde* Fhwdvdr# dkoft he tfhsd >1 ncsh dxpdrk,6 Fhusd G # Lkccdr C# Fhusd RP7 Qdvdrd tkjjktus7 trdntldjt wktf`kheddm`nai trnkjkjo* >;??; Qucckvnj L# Qnink A# Mh`kd P# Inthj _7 /crdntldjr he mdprdssdm tkjjpntkdjts wktf jhrtrkptyckjd* >;64>2 Ldcmkjo RQ# Ahhmdy PG7 ]fd trdntldjt he tkjjktus wktf hrnc

njtkahjvucsnjts# >;?;*

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Mruos Njm ]kjjktus Pdckde &ahjtcccudm+djadm ohhm th dxadccdjt rdckde erhl tfd pcnad`h*]fd rdsdnrafdr ahjacumdm tfnt ]fordthc/s deedathj tkjjktus rdlnkjdm stntkstkanccy nl`kouhus* j]fsts hj anr`nlnzdpkjd ahjtkjudm* Mrs*Dlldtt njm Qfdn tdstdm tfd deekanay he =22lomnkcy mhsds he tfd mruo hj 0? tkjjktus pntkdjts kjn jhj,pcnad`h stumy* /]_djty,twh pntkdjts kjmkantdm shld rdckde9 ekvd kjmkantdm jhjd* Qdvdjpntkdjts# fhwdvdr# dxpdrkdjadm sdrkhus skmddeedats &pjdulhjkn# rdmuatkhj kj wfktd chhmadccs# whrsdjdm tkjjktus+ lnikjo tfd mruo kjnpprhprkntd ehr chjo tdrl usd kj tfd hpkjkhj he tfdrdsdnrafdrs* >0

Htfdr anr`nlnzdpkjd stumkds djmdm kjahjacuskvdcy# wktf pcnad`h rdsphjsds lntafkjo tfdmruo rdsphjsds kj tkjjktus rdckde* ]fks mruononkj prhmuadm "mnjodrhus njm ncnrlkjonmvdrsd deedats" kjacumkjo `hjd lnrrhw mdprdsskhj njm npcnstka njdlkn* 1Nlkjh,hxynadtka nakm &NHNN+ wns trkdm kj nmhu`cd `ckjm pcnad`h mruo stumy kj >;;2* He tfd55 pntkdjts kj tfd trknc# 0>$ rdphrtdm n rdmuatkhjkj tfdkr tkjjktus wfkcd tnikjo NHNN* Hjcy 1$rdsphjmdm th tfd pcnad`h* Ldjkdrd/s pntkdjtsfnm n fkofdr kjakmdjad he tkjjktus rdmuatkhjtfnj tfd nvdrnod `ut wdrd ncsh lhrd susadptk`cdth tfd mruo/s jdontkvd deedats* Hvdrncc# ?>$ hetfhsd kj tfd stumy dxpdrkdjadm hjd hr lhrd skmddeedats &jnusdn# mksdqukck`rkul# mrhwskjdss#vhlktkjo+ lnikjo tfks mruo# naahrmkjo th tfdrdsdnrafdrs# "ujnaadptn`cd ehr ackjkanc usd*" >=

Njhtfdr njtkahjvucsnjt dpkcdpsy mruo# prkl,kmhjd &Lyshckjd+# wns usdm kj n stumy wktf =>tkjjktus pntkdjts* Ekvd he tfd => fnm sdrkhus skmddeedats9 lhrd tfnj fnce dxpdrkdjadm jnusdn njmsklkcnr onstrhkjtdstkjnc nkcldjts * Dkofty,ekvd pdradjt# fhwdvdr# mkm rdphrt shld tkjjktus rdckde*Jh pcnad`hs wdrd usdm kj tfks stumy* >4Njtknjxkdty nodjts

Qhld njtknjxkdty mruos djfnjad afdlkancskj tfd `rnkj tfnt anusd tfd adjtrnc jdrvhus systdl th schw mhwj* Ke n pntkdjt/s tkjjktus ksKK Mhjncmshj K7 ]fordthc7 N mhu`cd `ckjm trknc kj tkjjktus* >;6>>0 Dlldtt GP* Qfdn GG 7 ]rdntldjt he tkjjktus wktf thankjkmd fymrhafchrkmd*>;62>1 Lurnk I# >[cdr P Q# Fnridr CN# Qthuedr G C* Pdvkdw he Rfnrlnahchokatrdntldjt he tkjjktus* >;;0>= Outf* Pksdy# dt nc7 Dvncuntkhj he nlkjh,hxynadtka nakm ns n pncckntkvd kjtkjjktus* >;;2

anusdm `y n jddm th fnvd tfdsd afdlkancs needatdm# kt ks phstucntdm tfnt tfd usd he tfdsd mruoswkcc rdckdvd tfnt tkjjktus* Njxkhcytka mruos typkanccy fnvd n sdmntkjo deedat nj m nrd tfdrdehrdprdsark`dm wktf anutkhj*N >;6= stumy he hrnc trnjqukckzdrs njm tfdkrdeedats hj tkjjktus sfhwdm tfd ehcchwkjo7Mknzdpnl &Unckul+ okvdj th >4 pntkdjts heedrdmshld rdckde th hjd* Qkmd deedats he jnusdn# vhlktkjo njm sdmntkhj wdrd jhtdm* E/curnzdpnl&Mnclnjd+ okvdj th >= pntkdjts heedrdm shldrdckde th twh* Hxnzdpnl &Qdrnx+ njm achjnzdpnl &Ichjhpkj+ wdrd okvdj th 01 njm 05pntkdjts rdspdatkvdcy* Lhrd tfnj 42$ he`htforhups dxpdrkdjadm sckoft th skojkekanjt klprhvdldjt* Pdsdnrafdrs stntdm tfnt tfdsd mruos "prhmuadm jh nmvdrsd rdnatkhjs*" Jhjd he tfdsd njxkhcytkas wns tdstdm nonkjst n pcnad`h* >5N mhu`cd,`ckjm pcnad`h stumy he ncprnzhcnl&Vnjnx+ wns ahjmuatdm kj >;6?* He tfd 02 tkjjktus pntkdjts wfh wdrd okvdj tfks mruo# >1 rdphrtdm `dkjo fdcpdm `y kt* Hjcy hjd kj tfd pcnad`horhup rdphrtdm `djdekt* ]fd rdsdnrafdrs suoodstanrdeuc rdoucntkhj he tfd mhsnod skjad kjmkvkmuncs mkeedr ahjskmdrn`cy kj tfdkr sdjsktkvkty th kt *Qkmd deedats he mrhwskjdss njm mkshrkdjtntkhjfnvd `ddj jhtdm* @danusd Vnjnx njm ncc `djzhmknzdpkjd mruos anj `d nmmkatkvd# chjo,tdrl usdks ujnmvksn`cd* >?

Kj >;?6# n pcnad`h stumy wktf nlych`nr`k,thjd wns ahjmuatdm* Netdr >0 wddis# ncc 02pntkdjts hj tfks hrnc `nr`kturntd rdphrtdm djdekt* Kj enat# ehur he tfd 02 acnkldm tfnt tfdkr tkjjktus fnm mksnppdnrdm* ]fd rdsdnrafdr suoodstdmtfnt tfd klprhvdldjt prh`n`cy ahrrdsphjmdm thn chwdrkjo he tfd tkjjktus erdqudjay# wfkaflnmd tfd jhksds lhrd dnskcy lnsidm `y djvkrhjldjtnc shujms# ns hpphsdm th nj natuncrdmuatkhj kj tfd tkjjktus vhculd* /]_h he tfd 02pcnad`h rdakpkdjts ncsh rdphrtdm shld klprhvdldjt*>n Kj odjdrnc# `nr`kturntds fnvd n fkofphtdjtknc ehr n`usd njm ehr tfnt rdnshj nrd usdmkjerdqudjtcy*>4 Dlldtt GP njm Qfdn GG 7 ]rdntldjt he tkjjktus wktf thankjkmdfymrhafchrkmd* >;62>5 Cdaftdj`dro P# Qfuclnj N7 @djzhmknzdpkjds kj tfd trdntldjt he tkjjktus*>;6=>? Ghfjshj PL# @rulldtt P* Qafcdujkjo N7 Tsd he ncprnzhcnl ehr rdckdehetkjjktus* >;;1>6 Mhjncmshj K7 ]kjjktus7 N tfdhrdtkanc vkdw njm n tfdrnp dutka stumy uskjonlych`nr`kthjd* >;?6

]kjjktus ]fmny( Lnraf >;;4 ;

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Mruos Njm ]kjjktus Pdckde &ahjtkjuNjtkfkstnlkjds

Fkstnlkjd# n afdlkanc ehujm kj ncc `hmy tkssuds ahjtj`utds th `chhm vdssdc mkcntkhj kjacum,/kjo `chhm vdssdcs kj tfd ahafcdn* Kj n jhj,ahj,trhccdm ackjkanc rdphrt# rdsdnrafdrs jhtdm tfnt tfdahl`kjdm tfdrnpy he n vnshmkcnthr &Nrckmkj#5lo* mnkcy+ njm nj njtkfkstnlkjd&afchrtrkldthj# 6 lo* mnkcy+ sfhwdm tfdrnpdutkaprhlksd ehr tkjjktus pntkdjts wfh/m fnmdustnafknj tu`d njm lkmmcd dn r myseujatkhj*]fd skojkekanjt skmd deedats he pncpktntkhjs#trdlhrs# njm jdrvhusjdss wdrd tfd `nsks ehr tfdcklktdm mhsnods trkdm* Kj tfd prdsdjad he anrmkhvnsaucnr mksdnsd# tfd rdsdnrafdrs nmvksd achsdldmkanc supdrvkskhj*>; Htfdr jhj,pcnad`h stumkds wktf njtkfkstnlkjds mdlhjstrntdm lkjklncfdcp ehr tkjjktus pntkdjts* ]frdd hut he >2pntkdjts uskjo mdxafchrpfdjkrnlkjd dxpdrkdjadm shld rdckde# njm hjd fnm n whrsdjkjo hetkjjktus* He >> pntkdjts wfh usdm afchrpfdjkrnlkjd hjd fnm rdckde njm hjd whrsdjdm* He >5pntkdjts uskjo ldackzkjd# jhjd dxpdrkdjadmrdckde njm hjd whrsdjdm* ]fd rdcntkvdcy chw kjakmdjad he rdckde mkm lntaf tfd chw kjakmdjad henmvdrsd skmd deedats* 2

Nj kjehrlnc stumy nt ]fcnjd Qafhhc heLdmkakjd rdadjtcy tdstdm tfd njtkfkstnlkjdtdredjnmkjd &Qdcmnjd+ hj 06 tkjjktus pntkdjts*]fhsd kj tf d trknc wfh dxpdrkdjadm klprhvdldjt wktf tfks mruo wdrd tfhsd wfh/m fnm nccdroy prh`cdls th `dokj wktf# ehrakjo rdsdnrafdrsth ahjacumd tfnt eurtfdr stumy he tfd mruo wnsujwnrrnjtdm*0>Lksa* Mruos , T*Q*

Kj >;;># lkshprhstn c &Aythtda+# n syjtfdtkaprhsthocnjmkj &RO+# wns tdstdm ehr kts deedat hjtkjjktus* ]fd usdeucjdss he RO/s kj nafkdvkjo tkjjktus rdckde ks fyphtfdtkanc# `nsdm hj tfd enattfnt RO cdvdcs nrd rdmuadm `y jhj,stdrhkmnc njtkkjecnlnthry mruos ijhwj th anusd tkjjktus*&Afnjods kj RO cdvdcs kj tfd `hmy fnvd ncsh`ddj jhtdm netdr dxphsurd th chum jhksd*+ Hut hetfd 0= pntkdjts kj tfks twh,lhjtf mhu`cd, ckjm>; Qfuclnj N7 Unshmkcnthr,njtkfkstnlkjd tfdrnpy njm tkjjktus ahjtrhc*02 Cdaftdj`dro P# Qfuclnj N7 @djzhmknzdpkjds kj tfd trdntldjt he tkjjktus*0> Nldmdd PO# Pksdy G# ]fcnjd Qafhhc he Lamcakjd# >=12 ]fcnjd Nvd# *JdwHrcdnjs CN ?2>>0# 42=(466,4=4=00 @rkjdr _D# Fhusd G_# H/Cdnry LG7 ]fd syjtfdtka prhsthocnjmkjlkshprhstnc ns n trd ntldjt ehr tkjjktus* >;;>>2 ]kjjktus /K`mny(Lnraf >;;4

stumy# dkoft rdphrtdm tfnt tfdy wdrd fdcpdm `tfd mruo* Jhjd he tfhsd wfh rdadkvdm tfd pcn`h rdphrtdm njy rdckde* Kjtdrdstkjocy# ekvd he tdkoft wfh rdsphjmdm envhrn`cy th tfd mruo kmtkekdm jhksd hr nahustka trnuln ns tfd anusd htfdkr tkjjktus* Pdsdnrafdrs hptklkstkanccy jhttfnt RO njnchos fnvd n "vdry chw skmd deedatsprhekcd* "00

Kj >;;># 02 hut he =2 pntkdjts dxpdrkdjadsupprdsskhj he tfdkr tkjjktus netdr rdadkvkjo62lo he KU eurhsdlkmd &Cnskx+# n mkurdtka tfspdakekanccy dxdrts kts deedat hj tfd ikmjdy njtfd kjjdr dnr* &Qkx he tfd "phsktkvd rdsphjmdrscntdr dxpdrkdjadm tkjjktus supprdsskhj erhlQHHlo KU he afchrhtfknzkmd# n mkurdtka tfnt mjh t needat tfd dnr*+ >_dcvd he tfd 02 eurhsdlrdsphjmdrs wdrd tfdj tdstdm kj nj hpdj trkncmdtdrlkjd npprhprkntd hrnc mruo mhsnod* ]fdrdsuct7 >2 hu t he tfd >0 rdsphjmdm th mhsds heurhsdlkmd rnjokjo erhl 62,>52lo pdr mny*Rntkdjts wdrd kjstruatdm th mrkji dcdatrhcytdrdpcnakjo ecukms th ahlpdjsntd ehr dxadsskvdjntkhj# tfd hjcy aktdm skmd deedat*01Kj >;;1# njhtfdr hpdj# jhj,pcnad`h stumhrnc eurhsdlkmd wns ahjmuatdm hj 02 tkjjktupntkdjts * Netdr ehur wddis# dkoft pntkdjtsmrhppdm hut he tfd stumy mud th ujspdakekdm deedats* >_h he tfd rdlnkjkjo >0 rdphrtdm shtkjjktus rdckde* ]fd rdsdnrafdr jhtdm tfntpntkdjts kj tfks stumy# ujckid tfhsd kj tfd >;;stumy# wdrd jht prd,sarddjdm ehr rdsphjskvdjth tfd KU ehrl he eurhsdlkmd*0=Hxypdjtkeycckjd,T *I* ( Rdjthxkeycckjd,T*Q*& c tdjtnc+ wns sdcda tdm ehr n pcnad`h trknc kj >`nsdm hj kts prhpdjskty th klprhvd `chhm echwNctfhuof dkoft he tfd >1 pntkdjts wfh rdadkvtfd mruo jhtdm n mdardnsd kj tfd pktaf he tfdtkjjktus tfd rdsdnrafdrs/ hvdrncc klprdsskhj*tfnt hxypdjtkeycckjd heedrdm "ckttcd vncud kj tflnjnodldjt he kmkhpntfka tkjjktus*"04 Nmmktkhrdsdnraf hj tfks mruo `donj kj >;;1 nt tfdTjkvdrskty he Lkafkonj Fhspktnc*

Kj tfd dnrcy >;42/s# twh ujahjtrhccdm stumdxnlkjdm vktnlkj N nj m kts usdeucjdss kj nlckhrntkjo fdnrkjo chss njm tkjjktus* Kj hjd trk01 Outf RQ# Pksdy G* Nldmdd P# Jhrrks AF7 N pfnrlnahchokanc npprhntfd trdntldjt he tkjjktus* >;;>0= Mh`kd PN7 Pdsdnraf stumy7 eurhsdlkmd Cnsf7# ]kjjktus ]hmny >67>04 Qncnln J[# @fntkn P# Ph`` RG7 Deekanay he hrnc hxypdluycckjd kj tfd

lnjnodldjt he kmkhpntfka tkjjktus* >;6;

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Mruos Njm ]kjjktus Pdckde &ahjtkjudm+42#222 ujkts wdrd okvdj `y kjgdatkhj twkad nwddi ehr skx wddis* Qdvdjtddj he 01 pn tkdjtswktf tkjjktus rdphrtdm klprhvdldjt*05 Njhtfdrstumy kjvhcvdm kjgdatkhjs he 42#222 ujkts he vktnlkj N twkad wddicy ehr twh wddis tfdj >22#222ujkts tfdrdnetdr ehr n thtnc he 02 kjgdatkhjs* He >?tkjjktus pntkdjts# ehur klprhvdm# hjd klprhvdmtdlphrnrkcy# njm ehur whrsdjdm tdlphrnrkcy*Qckoft th sdvdrd skmd deedats he jnusdn# mkzzkjdss#fdnmnafd# njm krrktntkhj nt tfd kjgdatkhj sktdwdrd jhtdm* 0? &Rrhchjodm fkof mhsds he UktnlkjN nrd ijhwj th `d thxka th tfd ckvdr*+

Lksa* Mruos ,Hutskmd he tfd T*Q*Kj n mhu`cd,`ckjm pcnad`h stumy kj]fd Jdtfdrcnjms# tfd ancakulafnjjdc,`chaidr ecujnrkzkjd wns stumkdm*Rntkdjts wfhsd tkjjktus wns naahlpnjkdm `yvdrtkoh dxpdrkdjadm shld rdckde erhl tfdkr tkjjktus &`ut jh t tfd vdrtkoh+* Hvdrncc# tfd mkeedrdjadsrdphrtdm `dtwddj tfd pcnad`h nj m ecujnrkzkjdorhups wdrd ahjskmdrdm thh slncc th mdacnrdtfks n usdeuc tkjjktus trdntldjt* 06 Pdadjt njklncrdsdnraf `y Mrs* Gnstrd`hee# Jouydj# dt nc* uskjotfd ancakul afnjjdc, chaidrs jkedmnpkjd nj m

jklhmkpkjd fns sfhwj prhlksd# `ut fns jht ydtlnmd tfd arhsshvdr th fulnj stumkds*0;Nj Nustrknj rdsdnraf prhgdat kj >;;> stumkdmocutnlka nakm mkdtfy cdstdr &OMDD+ njm ktsdeedats hj >12 pntkdjts wktf prh`n`cd syjnptkatkjjktus , tkjjktus nsshakntdm wktf summdj fdnrkjo chss# prds`yausks# hr jhksd,kjmuadm fdnrkjochss* &Rrdvkhus kjvdstkontkhj sfhwdm tfnt tkjjktus he htfdr hrkokjs wns jht needatdm `y tfksmruo*+ Kj tfks ujahjtrhccdm jhj,pcnad`h stumy#rdsdnrafdrs usdm OMDD ns n ocutnlntd njtnohjkst# fyphtfdskzkjo tfnt nj dxadsskvd naaulucntkhj he ocutnlntd kj tfd ahafcdn ahucm `d anuskjo tkjjktus* Lhrd tfnj ??$ he tfd pntkdjtsrdphrtdm klprhvdldjt* Fhwdvdr# naahrmkjo th ncdttdr erhl tfd rdsdnrafdrs# OMDD ks jh chjodrnvnkcn`cd ehr stumy*12 Kj >;;1# tfd snld ackjka05 Njmdrshj GP# Whccdr FG# Ncdxnjmdr C_7 H`sdrvntkhjs hj tfd trdntldjt hemdnejdss nj m tkjjktus wktf pnrdjtdrnc vktnlkj N kj lnsskvd mhsds* >;42/>*? @nrhj# QF7 Dxpdrkdjads wktf pnrdjtdrnc vktnlkj N tfdrnpy kj mdnejdss

njm tkjjktus* >;4>06 Fucsfhe GF# Uarldkg# R7 ]f d vncud he ecujnrkzkjd kj tfd trdntldjt hetkjjktus* >;650; @rulldtt PD7 ]k2>>ktus7 ahllhj anusds njm trdntldjtrdahlldjmntkhjs* >;;=

ahjmuatdm n pcnad`h trknc wktf Anrhvdrkjd#njhtfdr ocutnlntd njtnohjkst* Qdvdj he tfd >>pntkdjts wfh rdadkvdm tfd mruo rdphrtdm n tkjjktus rdmuatkhj he 42$ hr ordntdr*1> Eucc mdtnkcs hetfks stumy njm tfd mruo/s suspdatdm skmd deedatsfnvd jh t ydt ddj pu`cksfdm*

Kj @rnzkc# n mhu`cd,`ckjm pcnad`h stumy dvncuntdm njkrnadtn l # n mruo ijhwj th needat tfdadjtrnc jdrvhus systdl* Ehrty pntkdjts wktf vdrtkoh# fdnrkjo chss# jnusdn# njm tkjjktus wdrdtdstdm * Netdr skx wddis# tfd hjcy mkeedrdjadjhtdm dtwddj tfd pcnad`h njm mruo orhups wnsnj klprhvdldjt kj tkjjktus kj tfd mruo orhupAurkhuscy# pntkdjts tnikjo tfd pcnad`h dxpdrkdjadm lhrd jdontkvd skmd deedats tfnj tfhsd tnikjo tfd mruo*10

]fd lusacd rdcnxnjt dpdrkshjd fymrhafch,rkmd &DLRR+ wns stumkdm kj Gnpnj kj >;65* ]fd>5= mruo,trdntdm tkjjktus pntkdjts wdrd okvdjhrnc mhsds he DLRR# vktnlkj @,>0# nj m sucpkrk*md#nj njtkmdprdssnjt* Ekety,ehur pntkdjts kj n ahjtrhc orhup wdrd okvdj ncc `ut tfd DLRR N rdphrtdm mksnppdnrnjad he tkjjktus haaurrdm kj >1$ hetfd mruo orhup vs* >$ he tfd ahjtrhc orhup*Hvdrncc# 1;$ he tfd DLRR orhup njm >4$ hetfdahjtrhc orhup rdphrtdm tfnt tfd chumjdss he tfdkrtkjjktus fnm ddj rdmuadm `y nt cdnst fnce*Pdsdnrafdrs wdrd n`cd th dcklkjntd tfd mruo/sskmd deedats he mkzzkjdss njm wdnijdss `y rdmuakjo tfd mhsnod*11

Kj >;=># tfd usd he jknakj hr jkahtkjka nakm# n@,ahlpcdx vktnlkj# wns kjtrhmuadm ehr trdntkjosylpthls he Ldjkdrd/s mksdnsd* Kj >;4=# 00 tkjjktus pntkdjts pnrtkakpntdm kj rdsdnraf kjJhrwny tfnt kjvhcvdm mnkcy KU mhsds he up th>22lo* he jknakj * Eketddj kj tfd trknc rdphrtdmrdckde* N pcnad`h stumy wns jht phssk`cd `danusdhe jknakj/s h`sdrvn`cd skmd deedat , n rdmmdjdmsikj ecusf*1= Kj >;65# jkahtkjklkmd# n vnrkntkhj hejknakj# wns sdcdatdm ehr usd kj n mhu`cd, ckjmpcnad`h stumy kj ]fd Jdtfdrcnjms*&Jkahtkjklkmd `dfnvds afdlkanccy ckid jknakj`ut wktfhut tfd vnshmkcntkjo deedat* N sikj ecusfks nvhkmdm wktf jkahtkjklkmd/s usd*+ Nj hrnc*12 Dfrdj`drodr# Mdji# @rkx# Mdpt* he Hth# Tjkvdrskty he Ukdjjn# Nustrkn1> @rulldtt# PD7 ]kjjktus7 Ahllhj anusds njm trdntlal

rdahlldjmntkhjs* >;;=10 Onjnjan LL* Nc`drjnz RCL# Nlnjm P7 Deekanay he njkrnadtnl kj tfdtrdntldjt he cn`yrkjtfkjd mkshrmdrs* >;65*11 Iktnjh F# Iktnfnrn L# dt nc*7 >tantldl he tkjjktus wkrf lusacd rdcnxnjt*>;6?1= Echttrhp O# _kccd A7 Jkahtkjka nakm trdntldjt he tkjjktus* >;44

]kjjktus ]fmny(Lnraf >;;4 >>

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Mruos Njm ]kjjktus Pdckde &ahjtkjumnkcy mhsd he 022lo wns nmlkjkstdrdm ehr ehurwddis wktf rdsucts quktd mkeedrdjt erhl tfd prdvkhus jknakj stumy7 twh hut he 0= wfh rdadkvdmtfd mruo njm tfrdd hu t he 0= wfh rdadkvdm tfdpcnad`h jhtdm n tkjjktus rdmuatkhj*14]fd mruo Qtuodrhj# shldtklds kj ahl`kjntkhj wktf njtknjxkdty nodjts# ks aurrdjtcy usdm kjQpnkj ehr trdntkjo fypdrnausks# tkjjktus# njm(hrmkzzkjdss* Ehrlnc stumkds hj tfks mruo fnvd jht`ddj ahjmuatdm `ut nrd `dkjo ahjskmdrdm*15Lnjy he tfdsd rdsdnraf prhgdats# ahjmuatdmkjktknccy th ldnsurd tfd wksmhl he eurtfdr stumy#jhw `do n achsdr chhi* ]fd kjtdrdst rdlnkjskjtdjsd9 tfd kmdns n`ujmnjt* ]fd hjcy cnaikjo kskj eujmkjo , erustrntkjocy hut he prhphrtkhj thtkjjktus/ kjakmdjad* N]N ahjtkjuds kts pursukt hen enkr phrtkhj he tfd edmdrnc rdsdnraf lhjdyrdsdrvd# wfkcd `rhnmanstkjo tfd rdncktkds he tkjjktu s mkstrdss njm prdvncdjad narhss tfd T*Q* Ktahucm wdcc `d tfnt eujmkjo eudcdm `y n jntkhjncpnsskhj ks ncc tfnt stnjms `dtwddj tkjjktus njmkts aurd*

HG'Ijhwj rdsdnraf ahjmuatdm hj tfksmruo9 lhst n`strnats nvnkcn`cd kjN]N/s `k`ckhornpfy* Mruos ckstdm wktfhut tfd "'"nrd ijhwj th us hjcy njdamhtnccy ns usdeuc trdntldjts* &]fks ckst

ks jht ncc,kjacuskvd*+Njdstfdtkasckmhankjd( ckojhankjd &Vychankjd , KU+ prhankjd &Jhvhankjd , KU+thankjkmd &]fjhanrm+ , hrnc ckmhankjd njncho ecdankjkmd nadtntd &/]fl`hahr+ Ldxkcdtkjd , hrnc ckmhankjd njncho Njtkmdprdssnjts &]rkayackas+trklkprnlkjd &Qurlhjtkc+ jhrtrkptyckjd &Rnldchr+ pnrhxdtkjd &Rnxkc+ jhj,trkayacka 'ecuhxdtkjd &Rrhzna+sdrtrnckjd &Whchet+`uprhpkhj &_dcc`utrkj+nlktrkptyckjd &Dcnvkc+

14 FucsfheGF* Udrldkg R7 ]f d deedat he jkahtkjnlkmd hj tkjjktus7 n mhu`cd`ckjm ahjtrhccdm stumy* >;6?>0 ]kjjktus ]fmny( Lnraf >;;4

Njtkahjvucsnjtsanr`nlnzdpkjd &]fordthc+ pfdjythkj &Mkcnjtkj+ prklkmhjd &Lyshckjd+ 'nlkjh,hxynadtka nakm &NHNN+ 'Njtknjxkdty nodjts &`djzhmknzdpkjdtrnjqukckzdrs# `nr`kturntds+ncprhzhcnl &Vnjnx+ achjnzdpnl &Ichjhpkj+ prhtrkpty ckjd &Ukvnatkc+mknzdpnl &Unckul+ 'hxnzdpnl &Qdrnx+ ecurnzdpnl &Mnclnjd+ nlych`nr`kthjd &`nr`kturntd+ Njtkcckstnjjkjdstdredjnmkjd &Qdcmnjd+ afchrtrkldthj mdxafchrpfdjkrnlkjd afchrpfdjkrnlkjd ldackzkjd 'Mkurdtkaseurhsdlkmd &Cnskx+ 'afchrhtfknzkmd Ancakul Afnjjdc,`chaidrsecujnrkzkjd &Qk`dckul+ , tfd Jdtfdrcnjms 'jkedmnpkjd jklhmkpkjd Htfdrslkshprhstnc &Aythtdh,syjtfdtka prhstnocnjmkj+ ocutnlka nakm mkdtfycdstdr, Nustrkn'Anrhvdrkjd , Nustrkn nlych`nr`kthjd , Djocnjm njkrnadtnl @ r n z k c . Q ~ S ] k * t z d r c n j m jkahtkjnlkmd &jknakj( jkahtkjka nakm+ hxypdjtkeycckjd( pdjthxkeycckjd &]fdjtnc+ vktnlkj N'Nrckmkj 'dpdrkshjd fymrhafchrkmd &DLRR,lusacd rdcnxnjt+ achjkmkjd &Antnprds,]]Q# njtk,fypdrtdjskvd+Qtuodrhj.Qtuodrhj Ehrtd , Qpnkj

15 Njthck Anjmdcn# cjstktuth HPC# Nrt>*>rh Qhrkn >> ?>>;# Lnmrkm 062=1# Q;>,=>1,01=?

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@hhi PdvkdwGnai N* Udrjhj njm Nnod P* Lccdr# dms*Ldafnjksls he]kjjktus* @hsthj7 Nccyj njm@nahj# >;;=*rdvkdwdm `y /Mumy Mruaidr

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]kjjktus ]hmny( Lnraf >;;4 >1

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@hhi Pdvkdw &ahjtkjudm+skhj*" Ly dxpdrkdjad wktf pdhpcd kj n cnrod sdcefdcp orhup suoodsts tfnt lhst pdhpcd wfh nrdlksdrn`cd `danusd he tkjjktus whucm jht nordd*N ohhm mdnc he ackjkanc njm cn`hrnthry dvkmdjad vnckmntds tfd njnchoy `dtwddj pdradptkhjhe tkjjktus njm pdradptkhj he pnkj* Mhds tfksnjnchoy fnvd klpckantkhjs ehr tfd lnjnodldjthe tkjjktus8Lnjy pntfs he kjvdstkontkhj nrd `dkjodxpchrdm `y tfd wrktdrs he tfks `hhi# njm pdrfnps shld usdeuc cdnms th trdntldjt wkcc `dehujm* ]fd nutfhrs fnvd mdvhtdm luaf deehrt thwrktkjo acdnrcy n`hut dxtrdldcy ahlpcdx lnttdrs* Kjdvktn`cy# shld kjehrlntkhj ks rdpdntdm9ehr dxnlpcd# ncc ahjtrk`uthrs `dokj wktf n mdekjktkhj he tkjjktus , n tnsi jht ns dnsy ns k t lkoftsddl , njm oh hj th rdvkdw tfd njnthly njm

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^udstkhjs %Njswdrs`y Gnai N* Udrjhj# Rf*M*# Mkrdathr#Hrdohj Fdnrkjo Pdsdnraf Cn`hrnthry#14>4 Q_ Udtdrnjs Fhspktnc Pm* Rhrtcnjm# HP

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Ls* D* ohds hj th sny tfnt sfd ks hjRnpnvdrkjd &>42lo @*K*M*+ Fdr lkmmcddnr wns dxpchrdm th mdtdrlkjd k e sfd fnm

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Y^\ Ls* O* erhl Idjtuaiy nsis# "_fnt mhdssdjshrkjdurnc fdnrkjo chss ldnj# njm kstfdrd njy trdntldjt ehr kt8 Ncsh# nrdnjtk,mdprdssnjts usdm th trdnt tkjjktus8"N* Qdjshrkjdurnc fdnrkjo chss sklpcy ldnjs tfdchss he tfd fnkr adccs kj tfd kjjdr dn r wfkaf ahjvdrt shujm djdroy kjth numkthry jdurnc klpucsds* Hjad tfdsd fnkr adccs nrd chst# tfdy nrd ohjdehrdvdr* ]fd afkaidj njm prh`n`cy lhst `krmsanj rdodjdrntd tfdkr fnkr adccs `u t wd nrd jht shehrtujntd*

]fdrd ks n orhup he kjvdstkonthrs wfh fnvdusdm njtk,mdprdssnjts th ahl`nt tkjjktus* ]fdyrdnshj tfnt tfd stntd he mdprdsskhj fns prhmuadmtfd tkjjktus njm tfnt rdckdvkjo tfd mdprdsskhjwkcc nuthlntkanccy rdckdvd tfd tkjjktus* Ly pdr,

]kjjktus >`mny( Lnraf >;;4 >4

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^udstkhjs % Njswdrs &ahjtcccTdm+shjnc vkdw ks tfnt tfd stntd he tkjjktus anj# njmhetdj mhds# prhmuad mdprdsskhj dspdaknccy ke hjdrdpdntdmcy fdnrs fdnctf anrd prhedsskhjncs tdcctfdl tfnt jhtfkjo anj `d mhjd ehr tkjjktus* Kahjtdjm tfnt ke tfd tkjjktus anj `d rdckdvdm# tfdmdprdsskhj wkcc nuthlntkanccy oh nwny* &Dm*jhtd7 Qdd Mruos ehr ]kjjktus Pdckdenrtkacd kj tfkskssud*+

Y^\ Njhtfdr Ls* O* erhl Mdcnwnrd stntdstfnt Dcnvkc fns okvdj fdr rdckde hetkjjktus njm ohhm shujm scddp &pdhpcdmh vnry kj tfdkr rdsphjsd th mruos+ ehr wfkafsfd ks orntdeuc skjad n scddpcdss jkoft wns kjvnrkn`cy ehcchwdm `y n mny he sdvdrd tkjjktus* Qfd ksahjadrjdm tfnt Dcnvkc wkcc `d tnidj he e tfdlnridt danusd kt fns `ddj kmdjtkekdm ns n mnj,

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ldjts fnvd `ddj nvnkcn`cd ehr ydnrs tfrhuoflnkc hrmdr antnchos* Njm hvdr tfd ydnrs# wd fnvdnsidm tfd lnjuenaturdrs njm mkstrk`uthrs hetfdsd prhmuats tfd snld qudstkhj7 _fntrdsdnraf fns `ddj mhjd th dstn`cksf yhur prhmuat/s deedatkvdjdss njm kjsurd kts snedty8 _dfnvd jdvdr rdadkvdm n rdsphjsd*_d ekrst ahjtnatdm tfd T*Q* Ehhm njm MruoNmlkjkstrntkhj &EMN+ kj >;;2 n`hut acnkls

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> 5 ]kjjktus >`mny( Lnraf >;;4

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Ehaus ks Lnjkedstntkhj`y Lnytd Rkaah,Ickjd

Hjad kj n wfkcd# shldtfkjo fnppdjs kj hurmnkcy rhutkjd tfnt trucy afnccdjods hur n`kckty thlnjnod afnjods kj hur ckvds* ]fnt/s wfnt K dxpdrkdjadm wfdj K ekrst djahujtdrdm n sdvdrd ansdhe tkjjktus* Kt wns n vdry tfrdntdjkjo sktuntkhj*Ns K chst ahjtrhc he ly `uskjdss njm pdrshjncnatkvktkds# K edct K chst ahjtrhc he ly cked*_ktf tkld# K fnvd mdvdchpdm n sdrkds hestrntdokds th nmgust th tfd jdw akraulstnjads*Jhw K/l n`cd th sdd tfd sktuntkhj ns n ardntkvdafnccdjod rntfdr tfnj nj hvdrwfdclkjo h`stnacd*Fhw mkm K lnid tfnt trnjsktkhj8Qtnod K*Ahjerhjtkjo Jdw Pdnckty* _fdj K ekrstdjahujtdrdm tkjjktus# K dxpdrkdjadm nj kjktkncpfnsd he rdgdatkhj njm mdjknc , K mkmj/t wnjt th`dckdvd tfkjos fnm afnjodm*Qtnod KK*Tjadrtnkjty* Ehr tdj wddis# K wdjt tfrhuof nstnod he afnhs njm ahjeuskhj# wktf fkof dlhtkhjnc strdss , K mkmj/t ijhw wfnt th mh*Qtnod KKK*Pd`ukcmkjo* ]fdj K rdnckzdm K jddmdm thlhvd nfdnm# sh K stnrtdm mdvdchpkjo n sdrkds hestrntdokds th lnjnod tkjjktus njm ardntd n jdwkmdjtkty# jdw ohncs# njm th shld dxtdjt# n jdweuturd*Dnaf stnod prhvkmdm ld wktf kjskofts tfnt`danld n stdp ehrwnrm kj mdvdchpkjo jdw strntdokds* Fdrd/s wfnt fns `ddj usdeuc th ld*Qtnod K*Ahjerhjtkjo Jdw PdncktyOdt kjvhcvdm kj n chw rksi# fkof rdwnrm ahllktldjt&ehr dxnlpcd# dxdraksd# swkllkjo# dta*+Pdnaf hut ehr kmdns njm supphrt erhl ldnjkjoeucpdhpcd* Okvd kt tkld*Fnvd shld euj.Qtny kj thuaf wktf hwj tfhuofts njm eddckjos*

Qddi ldmkanc nmvkad*Klpcdldjt prnatkanc trdntldjts njm tdst fhwtfdy whri*Qtnrt n ghurjnc*Qddi hut kjehrlntkhj*Ehaus ehrwnrm rntfdr tfnj `naiwnrm*Qtny kj ahjtnat wktf enlkcy njm erkdjms*Pd,dxnlkjd mnkcy natkvktkds nj m sdd fhw tfdy ekt kjthjdw akraulstnjads*Qtnod KK * TjadrtnkjtyQtrdjotfdj ldnjkjoeuc rdcntkhjsfkps*Mh slncc tfkjos wdcc*]fst tncdjts kj jdw nrdns*Cdnrj nt dnaf jdw stdp*

Pdnm*Ckstdj th envhrktd luska*Ckst strdjotfs*Adcd`rntd slncc nafkdvdldjts*Pdvkskt hcm ohncs*Iddp lhvkjo.Dxpnjm n fh``y*Kjktkntd n mnkcy pdrkhm ehr rdecdatkhj( ldmktntkhj*Mhj/t nat gust ehr tfd snid he natkhj*Pdldl`dr hwj lhtkvnthrs* Mdvdchp jdw kmdns*]rnjsehrl kmdns kjth natkhj*Pdcnx njm tfkji*

Qtnod KKK* Pd`ukcmkjoUksunckzd suaadss*Mdakmd hj tfd rhutkjd tfnt yhu wnjt th fnvd kj yhurcked njm mh kt*Iddp hpdj ahllujkantkhj wktf ldnjkjoeuc pdhpcdn`hut eddckjos# pcnjs*Qdt jdw prkhrktkds*Rut ahjadjtrntkhj kjth mkeedrdjt natkvktkds*Ckst tfd phsktkvd tfkjos tfnt nrd fnppdjkjo*]fkji ardntkvdcy , `rnkjsthrl* Dstn`cksf jd w ohncs*Ckst naahlpcksfldjts*Jhtkad tfd mkeedrdjad , njm adcd`rntd prhordss* Anrdeuccy prkhrktkzd tkld*Ahjtkjud nssdsskjo kjtdrdsts*Pdldl`dr kt ks n prhadss , kt tnids tkld ehr rdsucts*@d nwnrd he jdw strdss enathrs*@d hptklkstka , tfdrd ks ncwnys fhpd*Ckst jddmdm nmgustldjts*Ahllujkantd jddms*Pdnckzd pcnjs anj afnjod ns kjehrlntkhj ks ontfdrdm*Qdd strntdokds th lnjnod jdw akraulstnjads ns shuradshe strdjotf*

Qhurads heQtrdjotfn* Dxdraksd &njy typd+`* Jutrktkhj &jh aneedkjd# jh LQO# usd he suppcdldjts+a* Ldmkanc Pdshurads &trnmktkhjnc njm ahlpcdldjtnry+m* Fdnrkjo prhtdatkhj mdvkads &nvhkm dxtrdld jhksds.# usdhe dnr pcuos njm dnr luees+d* Lnsidrs &`dst hj tfd lnridt# njm ckstdjkjo thenvhrktd luska+e* Mnkcy rdecdatkhj( ldmktntkhj th lnkjtnkj psyafhchokanc`ncnjado* Kjehrlntkhj &Nldrkanj ]kjjktus Nsshakntkhj#Fypdrnausks Jdtwhri# supphrt orhup# `hhis+f* Lhjkthrkjo &tkjjktus afnrt# `kheddm`nai+k* Rdhpcd

Hjd he tfd lhst klphrtnjt dcdldjts kj tfksprhadss fns `ddj ly dlpfnsks hj wfnt n achsderkdjm usdm th sny7 "]fnt wfkaf yhu ehaus hj#yhu strdjotfdj*" K/l tfnjieuc ehr fdr nmvkad*Ehaus ks Lnjkedstntkhj# tfnt ks# fhw yhutfkji ks wfnt wkcc `d# ks ly npprhnaf th cked* Lyphsktkvd tfkjikjo fdcps ld trnjsadjm ly cklktntkhjs* Ns n rdsuct# tfd tkjjktus ks `dttdr# njm Kjhw fnvd n ordnt sdjsd he wdcc,`dkjo*

]kjjktus ]fmny Lnraf >;;4 >?

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Cdttdr th n erkdjm`y @nr`nrn ]n`nafjkai#Ackdjt Qdrvkads AhhrmkjnthrMdnr Ocnmys#>` tfd `dst tfnt njyhjd wfhmhds jht sueedr wktf tkjjktus ksn`cd th# K ujmdrstnjm yhur dxnspdrntkhj njm njodr* _d ncsh wnjtth spcnsf tfd fdnmckjd he "]KJJK]TQ ATPD EHTJM." hj ]kjjktus?`mny njm TQN ?`mny thh ehr tfntlnttdr* @ut thmny wd anj/t*Ncc he us fdrd fnvd tncidm wktf pdhpcd wfhfnvd "arkppckjo tkjjktus" ckid yhurs# pdhpcdwfh/vd trkdm dvdry mruo# strdss rdmuatkhj tdafjkqud# njm njocd phssk`cd njm wfh/vd ehujmtfnt jhtfkjo whris* Jhtfkjo ydt*Qh wfnt mh tfdy mh# Ocnmys8 ]fd snld tfkjoyhu mh. ]fdy fhcm hj* ]fdy tnci th dnaf htfdrhvdr tdcdpfhjds njm lhmdls# wrktd th dnafhtfdr# rdnm dvdrytfkjo tfdy anj n`hut tkjjktusnjm ekjnjaknccy supphrt rdsdnraf tfrhuof N]N**/]fdy ruj tfrhuof tfd ckst nonkj he tfkjos tfntlkoft `d dxnadr`ntkjo tfdkr tkjjktus7 strdss# aneedkjd# ncahfhc# jkahtkjd# snct# nccdrokds# fkof`chhm prdssurd# mruo skmd deedats* ]fdy rujtfrhuof tfd ckst nonkj he tfkjos tfnt lkoft fdcpqukdt tfdkr tkjjktus7 fdnrkjo nkms# lnsikjo#rdcnxntkhj tdafjkquds# mruo tfdrnpy# ]LG trdntldjt# fypjhsks# afkrhprnatka# naupujaturd# lnssnod# jutrktkhjnc ahujsdckjo* Qhld ruj ns enst nstfdy anj th n chanc supphrt orhup hr stnrt hjdtfdlsdcvds* Htfdrs >ltd th tfdkr rdprdsdjtntkvds kj _nsfkjothj# MA th kjskst tfnt tfdy `naitkjjktus rdsdnraf kj n `ko wny njm kj n furry*]fdj tfdrd nrd tfhsd wfh klldrsd tfdlsdcvdskj tfd `usy,jdss he cked njm mh hjcy tfkjos tfntlhst dspdaknccy mh jht rdlkjm tfdl he tfdkrtkjjktus* ]fdsd vnrykjo ldnjs nrd ncc th n skjoucnr djm7 ckvkjo tfd `dst cked phssk`cd ujtkc tfdmny tfnt fdnmckjd nppdnrs kj dnrjdst*Njm wfnt mh wd mh kj tfd ldnjtkld8 ]fdsdnraf ehr vkn`cd njm npprhprkntd rdsdnraf kshur jul`dr hjd prkhrkty* Qkjad tfd `htthl ckjdth njy suaadsseuc rdsdnraf prhgdat ks lhjdy#hur eujm rnkskjo lksskhj ahjtkjuds eucc stdnl*&Hur ohnc ks th rnksd -4 lkcckhj ehr rdsdnraf `y>;;5*+ _d sdjm tkjjktus kjehrlntkhj th fhspktncs# ck`rnrkds# mhathrs# numkhchoksts# mdjtksts#dmuanthrs# fdnctf nodjakds# hur dcdatdm heekakncs#>6 ]kjjktus /K`mny( Lnraf >;;4

njm th fujmrdms he tfhusnjms he pdhpcd wfhtfhuoft tfdy wdrd nchjd wktf tfdkr neeckatkhjncsh sdjm ]kjjktus ?`mny th tfd dmkthrs he dvfdnctf hr sdjkhr/s lnonzkjd njm jdwspnpdr# th dvdry syjmkantdm fdnctf ahculjkst kj tfdahujtry sh tfnt wfdj tfdy mh wrktd n`hut tkjtus# tfdy/cc fnvd tfd ohhms kj fnjm* _d nttdjrdsdnraf ahjedrdjads njm fdnctf lddtkjos thkjvdstkontd jdw tkjjktus trdntldjts njm stum_d sphjshr ldmkanc njm sdce,fdcp rdedrrnc jdwhris# lnkjtnkj tfd lhst ahlpcdtd tkjjktus`k`ckhornpfy kj tfd ahujtry# njm whri jntkhjth dcdvntd tfd sdrkhusjdss wktf wfkaf tkjjkturdonrmdm , pu`ckacy njm phcktkanccy* _d prdsdydnrcy tdstklhjy th tfd Qdjntd njm FhusdNpprhprkntkhjs Ahllkttdds kj _nsfkjothj# Mn`hut tfd lkcckhjs he tkjjktus sueedrdrs kjNldrkan wfh jddm fdcp njm n`hut tfd dtfkanh`ckontkhj hur ohvdrjldjt fns th fdcp tfdl*]fd scuooksfjdss wktf wfkaf tfd phcktkanc wflhvd# tfhuof# ks mksahurnokjo `ut wd pusf h`danusd tfdrd ks jh htfdr afhkad*[hur qudstkhj ks tfd hjd wd fdnr lhsterdqudjtcy , "Ks tfdrd njytfkjo jdw8" [ds# tfdtdafjkqud he numkthry fn`ktuntkhj heedrdm nt ]kjjktus Adjtdr kj Lnrycnjm ks shldwfnt jd&sdd tfd nrtkacd "Gnstrd`hee% Ah*" kj tfd Lnra>;;= ]kjjktus ?`mny+ `ut jht ahjvdjkdjt ehrlnjy pdhpcd kj tdrls he chantkhj hr tfd wnktckst* ]fks tdafjkqud# wfkaf rdnccy ks mkeedrdjterhl lnsikjo# fns whridm ehr pdhpcd kj yhuuntkhj* N ancc th Qusnj Ohcm# tfd numkhchokst ntfd ]kjjktus Adjtdr &=>2 ( 106,5655+# wkcc odt t`nska qudstkhjs njswdrdm* @ut jh# tfdrd nrd jjdw mruo trdntldjts nvnkcn`cd thmny*

Dvdj tfhuof Vnjnx# Jhrtrkptyckjd# Rrhznaokjioh# njm `kheddm`nai mkmj/t fdcp yhu# tfdywhri ehr shld pdhpcd* K rdadjtcy oht n ancc erhn whlnj wfh wns "rdcdnsdm erhl n >?,ydnr,chtkjjktus sdjtdjad" `danusd sfd fnm trkdmJhrtrkptyckjd netdr rdnmkjo n`hut kt kj hur lnzkjd* Ke shldhjd jdw ks fdcpdm `y "hcm kjehrltkhj#" tfdj ]kjjktus ?`mny ks euceucckjo kts kjtdNs chjo ns N]N dxksts# Ocnmys# ncc tkjjktus edrdrs kj tfks ahujtry fnvd n vhkad* K t mhdsj/tlnttdr ke tfdy/vd jdvdr ahjtnatdm us hr dvdjfdnrm he us* ]fdy nrd fdrd kj hur whri njmfdnrts* Njm ehr jhw# tfd fdnmckjd wd spcnsf fth rdnm# "Qhldmny n ]ccS]JK]TQ ATPD wkcc `dEHTJM." Rcdnsd# mhj/t dvdr mhu`t kt*_d jdvdr mh*

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Ahl`kjdm EdmdrncAnlpnkoj Tpmntd`y Rntrkakn Mnoodtt# Dxdautkvd Nsskstnjt

Njhtfdr afnrktn`cd Ahl`kjdm EdmdrncAnlpnkoj fns ahld th n achsd wktf ahjtkjukjosupphrt erhl lnjy erhjts * Kj spktd he lkcktnry`nsd achsurds njm mhwjskzkjo he juldrhus ohvdrjldjt nodjakds# pdhpcd sddl wkcckjo th ahjtrk`utd th n ohhm anusd* ]fd jul`dr he mhjhrswns mhwj `ut tfd nlhujt he tfd nvdrnod oketkjardnsdm*Hur hpphrtujktkds ehr mkstrk`utkjo N]N cktdrnturd nt fdnctf enkrs wdrd mdekjktdcy ordntdr tfksydnr njm# tfnjis th vhcujtddrs# wd wdrd n`cd thrdnaf lnjy lhrd pdhpcd wktf hur kjehrlntkhj*Hur orntdeuc npprdakntkhj ohds th Mhj Qafrkaidc#NW9 Mkai Mnwds# AH9 Qfkrcdy % Lhrt Phsdjfnet#MA9 ]drry Fnlkcthj# ON9 Qtdrckjo @rhwj# JG9@h` Cutflnjj# J[9 Qtnj Cdwks# ]J9 njm Erdm@drdi# UN*

K t anj `d vdry rdwnrmkjo th tnci wktf htfdrswfh fnvd tkjjktus hr dmuantd tfhsd wfh nrd sklpcy aurkhus* Ke njy he hur rdnmdrs nrd kjtdrdstdmkj nttdjmkjo fdnctf enkrs hr sklkcnr dvdjts hj`dfnce he N]N murkjo tfd >;;4 anlpnkoj# pcdnsdahjtnat Rnt Mnoodtt nt tfd *N]N heekad* _d/cc suppcy yhu wktf n phstdr stnjm# tdd sfkrt# njm prkjtdm fnjmhuts* [hu/cc `d pnrt he nj klphrtnjtdeehrt th prhvkmd sdrvkads ehr ncc tfhsd wfh nrdnttdlptkjo th ckvd wktf tfdkr tkjjktus.

@h` Cutflnjj# N]N Uhcujtddr9 cdet9 Njj Odksscdr9 Ru`ckaPdcntkhjs# J[A Ahl`kjdm Edmdrnc Anlpnkoj# adjtdr9 njm NcdxLntkaf# Dxdautkvd Mkrdathr he J[/s JUFN# rkoft*

NjjuncUhcujtddr CujafdhjN enktfeuc `njm he vhcujtddrs# wfh iddptfkjos rhcckjo nt tfd N]N fdnmqunrtdrs# ontfdrdmehr cujaf kj tfd `hnrm rhhl hj Qdptdl`dr >1tf*Cksn Ahafrnj prdpnrdm rdcksf njm erukt trnys#cnsnojn# thssdm sncnm# onrcka rdnm# njm afhahcntd

lhussd anid , vdry tnsty. Ns yhu anj sdd `y tfdpkaturd `dchw# dvdryhjd chhis prdtty wdcc sntksekdm njm kt wns mdakmdm tfnt tfks sfhucm `dahldnj njjunc dvdjt* ]fnji yhu hjd njm ncc ehryhur chync supphrt..

@NAI PH_7 Gdnj _nrjdr9 Nrjhcm Inonj# Afuai Kjlnj#Rfdh`d Gdjsdj# Cksn Ahafrnj &vhcujtddr ahhrmkjnthr+# QfkrcdyUnjdcck# Pdjd LaAucchuof# Mhj Anfkcc* EPHJ] PH_7 @nr`nrn@cnkjd# Qnlnjtfn Jodtf# Odjdvn ?`jdr9 Fdntfdr Cdhjdttk njm@n`y Ghrmnj# Dstdccd Odhrod# Quznjjd Qafhekdcm* TJN@CD ]HN]]DJM7 Putf @dailnj# @dtty Lntfks# Ocnmys Rnucshj# Ncnj_ncidr9 Ghd _ncidr*

Hur Qupphrt Jdtwhri fnsorhwj nonkj.]wh jdw sdce,fdcp orhups fnvd ehrldm njmwd dxtdjm orntdeuc wdcahld th tfd ahhrmkjnthrs7Krn @rdktdr# ? Ukathrknj Cnjd# @rhhivkccd J[>>4=4,1100# &4>5+ 505,12>? njmRd td Acdldjts# ;4= _ Ncmdr Qt#Chuksvkccd AH 6220?# &121+ 554,?;;2*_dcahld ncsh th hur jd w tdcdpfhjd njm

cdttdr supphrt ahjtnat7Anrldj Gdnj Oungnrmh# 466 J Lnrvkj Mr#Qnj @drjnrmkjh AN ;0=>2# &;2;+ 664,6??6*Ke yhu nrd kjtdrdstdm kj stnrtkjo n supphrt

orhup kj yhur thwj hr kj ghkjkjo tfd jntkhjwkmdjdtwhri he tdcdpfhjd njm(hr pdj pnc ahjtnats#pcdnsd wcktd th us ehr hur Qdce,Fdcp Rnaidt helntdrkncs* _d anj fdcp yhu fdcp*

]kjjktus ]hmny( Lnraf >;;4 >;

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Cdttdrs th tfd Dmkthr &hhjtT>Tdmerhlpnod5+]fd naupujaturkst# wfh sphid ckttcd Djocksf#

stuai jddmcds nrhujm ly dnrs* Fd ncsh onvd ldn vdry rhuof lnssnokjo* _fdj K cdet tfd heekad Kwns "rhaidm*" ]fnt dvdjkjo K stnrtdm th fdnr narnaickjo# `uzzkjo njm fksskjo tfnt fns jdvdrcdet ld*Qkjad tfdj K fnvd vksktdm lnjy DJ]f# hthchoksts# njm tkjjktus spdakncksts# `ut K fnvd yd t thekjm rdckde K fnvd ru j tfd onlut erhl psyafkntrksts# psyafhchoksts# `kheddm`nai# rdcnxntkhjtnpds# spdaknc mkdts# prnydrs# psyafka fdncdrs#wnx anjmcds `urjkjo kj ly dnrs# `ut stkcc > anj/trkm lysdce he tfks tfkjo*K ghkjdm n supphrt orhup hj Chjo Kscnjm njmldt lnjy tdrrkeka pdhpcd wktf ly prh`cdl# `u tfnrmcy njyhjd oht tkjjktus kj tfd snld wny* Kmkm ekjm tfnt tfd supphrt K oht erhl ly erkdjmskj tfd orhup fdcpdm ld lhrd tfnj ncc tfd mhathrs njm ldmkakjd*Ke njyhjd hu t tfdrd oht tfdkr tkjjgtus erhlnaupujaturd hj tfd dnrs hr njy typd he hutdrdnr trnuln K whucm ckid th fdnr erhl tfdl* K

N]N ldl`dr njm ehrldr Ekrst Cnmy Phsncyjj Anrtdr &cdet+vksktdm Rhrtcnjm# Hrdohj kj Gnjunry th skoj ahpkds he fdr jdw`hhi Fdcpkjo [hursdce Fdcp Htfdrs* @nr`nrn ]f`nafjkai#N]N/s Ackdjt Qdrvkads Ahhrmkjnthr &rkoft+ mksaussdm tfd `hhiwktf Lrs* Anrtdr* Fdcpkjo [hursdce Fdcp Htfdrs ks n rdshuradehr tfd anrd okvdrs he tfhsd wfh nrd fhusd`hujm wktf antn,strhpfka kccjdssds hr mksn`kcktkds* ]fd nutfhr heedrs n mkrdathry heshaknc sdrvkad nodjakds njmprnatkanc ahpkjo strntdokds ehr anrdokvdrs* Hjd hefdr suoodstkhjs ehr fdcpdrs njm ehr tfhsdneeckatdm7 Nttdjm n supphrt orhup*

02 ]kjjktus ]fmny( Lnraf >;;4

`dckdvd tfd lhrd kjehrlntkhj wd Anrc odt n`huthur ahjmktkhjs tf d `dttdr afnjad wd fnvd heekjmkjo n aurd*Qfnryj Erkdmlnj# Lt* Udrjhj# Jdw [hri

N etdr cH lhjtfs he sdvdrd tkjjktus ccdnrjdm he Fhldhpntfy njm mdakmdm thtry n jhj,acnsskanc mhathr* K wns tdstdm njmknojhsdm wktf fnvkjo n lkarh,kjedatkhj anusd`y lkarhhronjksls sh tkjy tfdy anjjht `dmdtdatdm `y trnmktkhjnc ldmkanc prnatkad*Ehcchwkjo tfks K wns okvdj n fhldhpntfka prdsarkptkhj he Ahustkaul* ]fks wns th `d tnidjtwkad mnkcy ehr twh wddis ujmdr tfd thjoud wkjh wntdr 12 lkjutds dehrd hr netdr* cj twh mnyK jhtkadm n ordnt mdackjd njm luaf rdckde he lyahjmktkhj*

Nctfhuof kt ks jht tfd hjcy rdldmy tfnt anj`d `djdekaknc# ns tkjjktus fns vnrkhus anusds# tfsueedrdr lust ahjtkjud th chhi ehr shcutkhjs nrkfnvd pn tkdjad* K nl stkcc ujmdrohkjo tfdrnpy9 thodt kt ujmdr ahjtrhc ks n chjo prhadss*Gnaikd Dvnjs# Nurhrn# Ahchrnmh

]FD]HR QDCCKJO ]KJJK]TQ @HHI]kjjktus **_fdj Qkcdjad ks n Qtrnjodr`y Cdsckd Qfdppnrm# dmktdm `y Mr* Ackvd QfdppnrmLN#L@#@* Afkr&Anl`+LPAOR]fks ks tfd nutfhr/s sdahjm suaadsseuc `hhihj ]kjjktus ehcchwkjo "]kjjktus **Cdnrjkjo th Ckvdwktf kt" ekrst pu`cksfdm kj >;6? njm aurrdjtcy huthe prkjt* ]fd whri ks tf d rdsuct he ydnrs herdsdnraf `y tfd nutfhr murkjo fks achsd ahjtnatwktf lnjy pdhpcd wfh fnvd tkjjktus murkjo fkssdvdj ydnrs ns Afnkrlnj nj m Ahujsdcchr th tfdJhrehci ]kjjktus Qhakdty kj Djocnjm*]fd nkl he tf d `hhi ks th mdlystkey tkjjktus*K t ahjtnkjs n ahlprdfdjskvd survdy he tfd su`gdat erhl kts fksthrkanc naiorhujm erhl nrhujm0422 @A th tfd prdsdjt mny* ]fd whri fns ddjwrkttdj kj ahjgujatkhj wktf tfd nutfhr/s shj#M>7 Ackvd Qfdppnrm# n prnatkakjo pfyskaknj wktfn ordnt kjtdrdst kj tfd su`gdat* Ncc nspdats hetfks mkstrdsskjo ahjmktkhj nrd ahvdrdm# thodtfdrwktf sdce,fdcp strntdokds# tfdhrkds# anusds# njmluaf lhrd*Djmhrsdm ns rdahlldjmdm rdnmkjo `y tfdNldrkanj ]kjjktus Nsshakntkhj# tfd `hhi lny `dhrmdrdm `y ancckjo &421+ 0=6,;;64 dxt* >= &ehrUksn(Lnstdranrm+# hr `y sdjmkjo -0> *22#TQ Eujms# &->5*42 N]N ldl`dr prkad+ th N]N#RH @hx 4# Rhrtcnjm# HP ;?02?* Qfkppkjo kskjacumdm*

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]rk`utds# Qphjshrs# Qpdaknc MhjhrsRrhedsskhjnc Ghfj FdjmrkaisNrch % Rfyccks JnsfNsshakntds Lnronrdt FkookjsN`muc F* N``nss# L*M* Idj % Njjn @rnmcdyQfdrwkj N* @nskc# L*N* Anrhcyj Mdcnjy,PdkeDlldtt D* Anlp`dcc# L*M* d7m % Lnrkcyj EhrsfnyQnyhjo Afnd# L*M* Jnj % NK OnccnofdrGnai M* Acdlks# L*M* Cdfkof Tjkvdrskty Ehht`ncc QtneeQtdpfdj Dpstdkj# L*M* Fdcdj ChfDckh G* Ehrjntth# L*M* Chrkknu`drLnraus@nr`nrn Ohcmstdkj# Rf*M* Ahcdttd LaMdrlhttAcnumd P* Fh`dkin# L*M* Lkafndc % ]drdsn LaOukjjdssAnrdy Idjyhj# L*N*,A*A*A*N* Gnjkad % Mhj LdsskaiP* G* Irnldr# L*M* Njjkd LurtnuofWhd Cnl`drt Gdnjdtttd JnstOncd _* Lkccdr# L*M* Lr % Lrs Dmwnrm Rryhr_kccknl Cdd Rnridr# Rf*M* Qafhcnstka @us AhlpnjyKrn M* Phtfedcm# L*M* Ghfj % Ernjads ]hjdcck*Cuay Qfkf# L*M* ]fd _nccnad EnlkcyN`rnfnl Qfuclnj# L*M* Intfcddj _ncsfKj Ldlhry He #Ghfj % @nr`nrn _kccknls

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Eketf Kjtdrjntkhjnc ]kjjktus QdlkjnrJdxt [dnr kj Rhrtcnjm# HrdohjEketf qunmrdjjknc lddtkjo# Gucy >0,>4# >;;4#Rhrtcnjm Lnrrkhtt Fhtdc# Rhrtcnjm# Hrdohj# TQN* Qphjshrdm `g.X tfd Nldrkanj ]kjjktus Nsshakntkhj*]fd Eketf Kjtdrjntkhjnc ]kjjktus Qdlkjnr`rkjos yhu tfd `dst kj tfd ekdcm he tkjjktus, lhstmkstkjaruksfdm spdnidrs# tfd lhst prhvhantG*vd nmmrdss7Q njm pnjdcs# njm tfd cntdst kj rdsdnraf ekjmkjos* ]fks lddtkjo ks tfd prddlkjdjt qunmrdjjkncdvdjt ehr ncc sakdjtkeka kjvdstkonthrs# `danusd wdheedr n anrdeuccy arnetdm prhornl tfnt trnjsadjmstfd `hujmnrkds he spdaknctkds njm dxpchrds tkjjktuserhl n vnrkdty he pdrspdatkvds*

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