Timeline to the

Timeline to the AMERICAN REVOLUTION

The Proclamation of 1763

What? Forbid the colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains

Why? After the costly French & Indian War, Britain wanted to reduce conflicts between colonists and Native Americans

Effect? Colonists felt that Britain could not enforce the law and they expanded west anyway this undermined the authority of Englands govt.

Sugar Act of 1764

3 Parts:1)halved the duty (tax) on foreign molasses 2) new duties on imports 3)enforced law on smuggling cases (no colonial courts/juries, instead a judge who got 5% of cargo if guilty)

Colonial reaction: merchants complained (reduced their profits) but little effect on most colonists

Stamp Act of 1765

How it differed from earlier taxes: it created a direct tax on goods

What the tax required: purchasing a special stamped paper for every legal document including licenses, newspapers, pamphlets, cards

Impact of colonists: All had to pay the tax, so it affected rich and poor. If you broke this law, tried without a jury.

SAM ADAMSThe Bostonian Paying the Excise-Man, 1774 British propaganda print referring to the tarring and feathering of Boston Commissioner of Customs John Malcolm four weeks after the Boston Party. The men also poured hot tea down Malcolm's throat, as can be seen. Note the noose hanging on the Liberty Tree, and the Stamp Act posted upside-downSONS OF LIBERTY FORM

\ A secret resistance group of Boston shopkeepers, artisans, and laborers

Harassed custom workers, stamp agents and royal governors

U.S. National ArchivesStamp Act Congress Meets Who attended? 9 colonies sent delegates to NY city What they issued: Declaration of Rights & GrievancesWhich stated:Parliament lacked power to impose taxes on colonies because the colonies had no representation in Parliament

American newspapers reacted to the Stamp Act with anger and predictions of the demise of journalism.COLONISTS BOYCOTT BRITISH GOODSWhat a boycott is: a policy to not buy or import certain goods (in this case from Great Britain)

How effective was it and why? It worked! Spread all over the colonies. Hurt GBs policy of mercantilism America bought 40% of British goods.REPEAL OF THE STAMP ACTWho repealed?Parliament

What repeal means:To take back or to void

What the Declaratory Act said: asserted Parliaments power to make laws for colonies

This cartoon depicts the repeal of the Stamp Act as a funeral, with Grenville(British Prime Minister) carrying a child's coffin marked "born 1765, died 1766".

TOWNSHEND ACTS

What was taxed:Indirect tax on glass, paint, lead, and paper. And a 3 penny tax on tea.

Colonial reaction:Rage, well organized resistance, protested taxation without representationand the boycott is renewed.Examples:Females boycotted feathers, furs, and satins. Colonists made tea out of sage and birch.

British response: After John Hancocks ship, The Liberty is seized because he supposedly did not pay tax on wine, more protests and riots erupt. 4,000 troops in Boston.(1:4 ratio)

Colonists Renew Boycott

"Daughters of Liberty" joined the support to oppose British importation. The Daughters of Liberty used their skills to weave yarn and wool into fabric named "homespun". They were known as patriotic heroines for their success, which made America less dependent on British Textiles.

"The Bloody Massacre" engraving by Paul Revere. Note that this is not an accurate depiction of the event.THE BOSTON MASSACREWhat happened?A fist fight breaks out between colonists and British soldiers over jobs in local shipyards. Later that night a mob taunts the guards and the scene erupts in gunfire.

Who died? 5 died including Crispus Attucks.Labeled a massacre by the Sons of Liberty - propaganda.

THE COMMIITTEES OF CORRESPONDANCE

Why did they meet? Al Alarmed over sending Americans to England for trial Which colonies? Massachusetts and Virginia set up\Purpose? to set up a communication network among colonies By 1774: buzzing network linked the leaders in nearly all the colonies

THE BOSTON TEA PARTY

What the Tea Act did: Gave the British East India Company a cheap monopoly on tea Why it made the colonists mad: the Company could sell tea cheaper since it was not taxed. This cut many colonial merchants out of the tea trade.What they did: Colonists protested! Dressed as Indians and dumped 15,000 lbs of tea in Boston Harbor.THE BOSTON TEA PARTY

THE INTOLERABLE ACTS 1) shut down Boston Harbor 2) Quartering Act (soldiers could stay in vacant homes and buildings)3) General Thomas Gage appointed new governor4) Boston under martial law FIRST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS MEETS

Carpenters Hall Philadelphia, Pennsylvania September 5, 1774

Who: 56 delegates from coloniesWhere: Philadelphia, PA1. drew up a Declaration of Rights2. defended colonies right to run own affairs3. supported protests in Massachusetts and said colonists should fight back if Britain used force4. agreed to meet again if demands not met

LEXINGTON AND CONCORD What were minutemen doing? Military preparations: Stockpiling firearms/gunpowder

Why the British went to Concord? General Gage sent them to seize weapons

Who warned the colonists?Paul Revere, Samuel Prescott, and William Dawes with church bells and gun shots

What happened at the Battle of Lexington?70 minutemen in a line are ordered to leave by the British. They do but take their muskets with them. Someone fires. 8 minutemen killed, 9 wounded. 1 British soldier injured.Battle lasts only15 minutes.

What did the British find at Concord? An empty arsenal!

What happened as the British The Shot Heard marched back to Boston? Round the World!3-4,000 minutemen assembled. Fired on British troops from behind trees. Only reinforcements from Boston saved the British from disaster. Start of the American Revolution! LEXINGTON AND CONCORD cont.

These commemorative stamps were part of a set of three and issued in 1925. The poem on the plaques is byRalph Waldo Emerson.The END! ..\My Documents\School House Rock Shot Heard Round the World America Rock - YouTube.mhtSchool House Rocks: The Shot Heard Round The World!