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Time series – spatial information
ESPON workshop, 6th May 2010Oscar Gomez, EEA
My understanding of time series and GIS
• Traditional GIS does not consider time dimension miss dynamics of some phenomena
• Time dimension is important in:– Administrative boundaries– Land cover/land use– Population– Hydrology– Vegetation/crops– Wildlife
• On the EEA side, this is secured in land cover with land cover changes layers
Example: hydro systems• Our context:
ECRINS hydro database
• Drainage doesn’t change with our time scale (*)
• Continental water dynamics
(*) except in the case of canals
Spatial information and time• Our context: CORINE Land Cover• 1:100.000, EEA MSs + collaborating countries geographic
extents, with exceptions• Homogeneous across participating countries• 1990, 2000, 2006, with exceptions• 39 countries CLC2000-2006• LC snapshots + LC changes• Many datasets derived spatial disaggregation generally
depends on CLC + something else• PHARE 1975 – 1990 LC Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania,
Slovakia, Czech Republic• LACOAST 1975 – 1990 coastal LC: EU15 (except UK, LU)
Exchange of data
CORINE Land Cover• Co-ownership EEA/Communities and Member States,
data flow control• They are modified only to harmonize borders• Problem: time span in 2010 we have 2006 data• GLOBCorine (ESA): from GLOBCover (medium
resolution), trained with CORINE GlobCorine– Better geographic coverage– Nowcasting– Less classes– Less certainty about individual changes– 2006 done, 2009 before summer (ESA)
GlobCORINE
•Urban and associated areas•Rainfed cropland•Irrigated cropland•Forest•Heathland and sclerophyllous vegetation•Grassland•Sparsely vegetated area•Vegetated low-lying areas on regularly flooded soil•Bare areas•Complex cropland•Mosaic cropland / natural vegetation•Mosaic of natural (herbaceous, shrub, tree) vegetation•Water bodies•Permanent snow and ice•No data (burnt areas, clouds,…)
Land cover and HANTS(EVI 2006)Salting (Bosplaat, Terschelling)
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1 7 13 19
16-days-NDVI-composites
ND
VI
original
HANTS fitted
Urban (Amsterdam)
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1 7 13 19
16-days-NDVI-composites
ND
VI
original
HANTS fitted
Grassland (Friesland)
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1 7 13 19
16-days-NDVI-composites
ND
VI
original
HANTS fitted
Deciduous forest (Harderbos, Flevopolder)
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1 7 13 19
16-days-NDVI-composites
ND
VI
original
HANTS fitted
Drifting sand (Veluwe)
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1 7 13 19
16-days-NDVI-composites
ND
VI
original
HANTS fitted
Pine forest (Veluwe)
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1 7 13 19
16-days-NDVI-composites
ND
VI
original
HANTS fitted
Agriculture (Flevoland)
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1 7 13 19
16-days-NDVI-composites
ND
VI
original
HANTS fitted
Grain cultivation (Dollard, Groningen)
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1 7 13 19
16-days-NDVI-composites
ND
VI
original
HANTS fitted
Red; medium, Green; medium, Blue; high
Red; medium, Green; high, Blue; medium
Red; high, Green; low, Blue; low
Red; low, Green; low, Blue; lowRed; high, Green; high, Blue; low
Red; medium, Green; high, Blue; low
Red; high, Green; low, Blue; medium
Red; low, Green; medium, Blue; low
Red = average NDVIGreen = Annual AmplitudeBlue = Six months Amplitude
Water quantity
• Run-off data• No data flow established• Based on the good willingness of MSs• The data flow is being defined
Spatial dimension
Land cover – and derived
• Neighbourhood: yes, on analysis; for example, green landscape outside cities
• Spatial disaggregation: Not directly us (by now), mainly the JRC:– Population density– Agro-land use: AFOLU crops, livestock
• Spatial aggregation: used constantly; OLAP cubes
Livestock density EU27
Water drainage (ECRINS)
• Interpolation of climate data (rainfall, temperature) “spatial disaggregation”
• Spatial aggregation: to the catchment level
Time dimension
Time dimension
• Water: climate data is always spatially interpolated data; extrapolation: IPCC scenarios, forecast
• Land cover: no interpolation; extrapolation: land use modelling (JRC: MOLAND, LUMOCAP)
• Need for time-dimensioned GIS layers: i.e. transport networks, protected areas, ... start_date, end_date fields!
Trends in the coast: 1975 to 2006 (30 years of changes)
•Artificialisation has a constant growth rate: 0.5% relative increase each year
•Water bodies were created in 1975-2000
•Agriculture shows a constant decline•Wetlands and forest and semi-natural decreased heavily (around 10%) in 1975-1990; it has slowed down
Trends 1990 – 2000 – 2006 (*)
(*) 100% = status in 1990; the lines show the relative increase (trend) for the 2 periods, 1990-2000, 2000-2006
• Urbanisation: same trend, above 0.5% yearly increase• Forest and semi-natural are stable• Wetlands don’t disappear as quickly as in the previous period; strong trend change (from 0.22% yearly loss to 0.06% yearly loss)• Water bodies are created at a slower pace (0.19% yearly increase to 0.08%)