Tiled Flooring (Manishi & Sharbani)

7/30/2019 Tiled Flooring (Manishi & Sharbani)

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TILE FLOORINGMANISHI AGGARWAL A/1571/2002 SHARBANI GHOSH A/1599/2002


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TILES ARE ONE OF THE MOST WIDELY USED

FLOOR COVERINGS

THEY ARE SIMPLE TO INSTALL, REQUIRE LESSLABOUR AND ARE EASILY TRANSPORTED

FLOORING TILES

CAN BROADLY BE

CLASSIFIED INTOTHREE

CATEGORIES:

TERRAZZO

TILES

GLAZED TILES

CHEQUERED

TILES

BRICK TILES


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APPLICATION

METHODS

G

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T

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S

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A

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TOOL AND MATERIAL CHECKLIST

Chalk Chalk Line Mastic Mastic Trowel

Plane CementSandpape

rSteel Square

Ordinary

ScissorsBrush Level Scraper

Tape or

Folding

Rule

Hand Cleaner


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PREPARE THE BASE FLOORremove all wax, grease or oil with a good, environmentally safe

chemical or cleaner.

Next, plane down high spots and renail any loose boards on wood

floors .Any rough spots will gradually show through the floor tiles

and may ruin the appearance.

If the original floor is in poor condition, it may be necessary to

cover it with sturdy plywood or untempered hardboard.


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The first run of floor tile should bestarted from the exact center of the

floor, so use these steps to locate the

center of the room:

Locate the exact center on each wall

and mark that center spot.

In rooms with offsets or irregularities,

ignore the irregularities in the

measuring process .

Hold a chalk line at the center

position on facing walls, as marked

and snap it on the floor. The exact

center will be marked at the point

where the two lines cross.

START FROM THE EXACT CENTER OF

THE ROOM


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MAKE A FINAL CHECK WITH A LOOSE

TILEStart at the center point and lay loose tiles

along marked lines from center, as shown.This procedure provides an opportunity to

make adjustments if the center is not

correctly marked.

After a full run of loose tiles has been laid

along the chalk lines toward each wallmeasure the remaining distance between

the edge of the last tile and the wall on

each run..

If the distance between the last tile and the

wall is less than two inches or more than

eight inches, you will end up with an

extremely narrow cut of tile.

To correct, adjust the center line that is

parallel to the wall by 4 1/2" (half a tile)closer to the wall and remark


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PREPARE THE PLAN FOR TILE APPLICAT

Open all cartons of tiles that are to be used.

Conveniently arrange them so you select tiles out of

each carton on an alternating basis.

Next, study the tile patterns and plan your laying

pattern.

For tiles of varying colors, plan your design carefully

before applying the first tile .This will influence your

selection of starting tiles.


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CEMENTThe next step is applying the adhesive

for the tile.

Begin by spreading an even coat of

adhesive over one-fourth of the floor.

Most adhesives are applied with a

notched trowel but some are still applied

with a brush or roller.

In most cases, floor tile cement will dry

to the proper consistency in about 15minutes. However, your exact time may

vary depending on humidity,

temperature, etc., in the room where you

are applying the tile.

After about 15 minutes, place yourthumb onto the cement The cement

should feel tacky but should not actually

stick to your thumb. If it does stick, allow

a little longer for proper drying.

When tacky but not sticky, the cement is


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LAY THE FLOOR TILESIt is important that the first

tile is exactly square with the

lines. If the first tile is started

wrong, all other tiles will alsoline up incorrectly.

Be sure each tile is butted

firmly against the previous

one, leaving no gaps.Do not attempt to sl ide tiles

into place. Lay each tile firmly

into position on the cement.

Proceed by laying tiles

alternately, according to your

plan, toward each wall .This

helps to counteract expansion

and contraction of the tiles

while enhancing the


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To cut the border tile easily

and accurately, place a loose

tile squarely over the last field

tile in the row. Then takeanother tile, butt it against the

wall and mark. Cut the tile

along the marked line using

ordinary scissors. In a coldroom, you should warm tiles

slightly before cutting.

The cut tile will now fit

securely into the border space.

Be sure this tile is placed face-

up and at right angles to the

grain of the tile below it. This

ensures the correct pattern

when it is laid.


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When it becomes necessary to fit tiles around pipes or

other obstructions, simply cut a paper pattern that fitsaround such obstructions and trace the pattern on the

tiles. Then cut with ordinary scissors and place around

obstruction.

You may want to consider adding a vinyl cove base ofmatching or contrasting color to add to the appearance


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TILE FITTING FOR A CLOSET


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cut out a piece of

1/2" tile to fit in the

closet, and test the

fit before mixing

any mortar.

clean the floor and

paint it with oil-

based primer.


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apply a layer of thin

set mortar to the

floor, using thesmooth edge of the

trowel to force the

mud into the cracks

in the floorboards.

Using the notched

side of the trowel

(1/4" x 1/4" square

notches) comb the

mortar into a series

of ridges.


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lay the cement board

into place, which will be

sort of difficult becausethere would be some

obstructions around on

the walls.

After putting the

cement board into

place you may step

on it to press it into

the mortar.


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drive in some

cement-board screws.

Some people useroofing nails to install

cement-board but

make sure that you

hit the floor joists.In this case the 1"

screws aren't long

enough to reach the

floor joists, since the

flooring is 7/8" thick

and the cement board

is 1/2". place thescrews about 8"


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At the seam apply astrip of fiberglass

mesh tape (red arrow).The completed

cement board, ready

for ceramic tile.


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spread some thin set mortar

on the cement board, be

careful not to obscure the

chalk line. First use the

smooth edge to squeeze the

mortar into the rough surface.

Then use the notched side

to comb out the mortar.

The ridges are necessaryto give you the ability to

push the tile down into the

mortar. Otherwise the

mortar would ooze out


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lay a couple of tiles

against the spacers, and

add more spacers as

you progress. These

spacers act as a reliable

guide, keeping the gap

uniform and keeping thetiles aligned.

These are 3/16" spacers

that I'm using.Any size of spacer can be

used, depending on the

desired look.


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start laying the tiles aligned to any one end.


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After about 20 minutes lay

all of the full-sized tiles.use a permanent marker

to lay out the cuts on the

partial tiles.

spray a little mist on the

wet mortar, to discourage

it from skinning over.


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Cut the tile using atile saw.

It comes with a 4"diamond blade


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Now set the cut tiles in

place.

scrape off the excessmortar that has slopped on

the walls.

wipe the walls with a damp


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After the mortar

has begun to set

(about an hour

after laying the tile)use a small

screwdriver to

scrape out the

mortar where it has

oozed up between

tiles.


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The finished tile

job, beforeapplying grout.

MANDATORY TESTING


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MANDATORY TESTINGMATERIA

L

CLAUS

E

TEST FIELD/L

AB

TEST

TEST

PROC.

MIN. QTY.

MATERIAL

FREQUENCY

1 2 3 4 5 6 7TERRAZ

O TILES

11.11.1

11.12.1

1.TRANSV

ERSE

STRENGT

H

2. WATER

ABSORP.3.

ABRASIO

N.

IS:

1237-

1980

LAB

IS:

1237-

1980

5000(NO

TESTING

NEEDED IF

TOTAL NO. OF

ALL TYPES

OF ALL SIZESFROM ALL

MFRS. USED

IN WORK


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TERRAZO TILE FLOORING

SHOULD GENERALLY CONFORM TO IS: 1237-1980.

SIZE OF TILES AS INDICATED IN THE TABLE OR AS

SHOWN IN DRWGS. OR AS REQ. BY ENGINEER.

LENGTH

NOMINAL

WIDTH NOMINAL THICKNESS NOT

LESS THAN..

200 MM 200 MM 20 MM

250 MM 250 MM 22 MM

300 MM 300 MM 25 MM


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TOLERANCE

TOLERANCE ON LENGTH AND WIDTH SHALL BE + 1 MM.

ON THICKNESS SHALL BE + 5 MM.

RANGE OF DIMENSIONS IN ANY ONE DELIVERY SHALL NOT

EXCEED 1 MM ON LENGTH AND WIDTH AND 3 MM ON

THICKNESS.

RATERATE SHALL INCLUDE THE COST OF ALL MATERIALS AND

LABOUR INVOLVED IN ALL THE OPERATIONS.

WHERE CEMENT MORTAR BEDDING IS USED IN PLACE OF

LIME MORTAR THE RATE WILL BE ADJUSTED ACCORDINGLY.


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MEASUREMENTS

TILES MFD. FROM ORDINARY GREY CEMENT

WITHOUT PIGMENT AND COLORED TERRAZO TILE

SHALL BE MEASURED SEPARATELY AND

CLASSIFIED AS IN CLAUSE 11.8.5.

TERRAZO TILES SHALL BE MEASURED AS LAYEDPER SQ. M.

NO DEDUCTION SHALL BE MADE NOR EXTRA PAID

FOR VOIDS NOT EXCEEDING 0.2 SQM.

NOTHING EXTRA SHALL BE PAID FOR USE OF CUTTILES NOR FOR LAYING FLOOR AT DIFFERENT

LEVEL IN SAME ROOM OR COURTYARD.


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GLAZED TILE FLOORING

SHOULD GENERALLY CONFORM TO IS: 777-1988SIZE OF TILES AS INDICATED IN THE TABLE OR AS

SHOWN IN DRWGS. OR AS REQ. BY ENGINEER.

LENGTH

NOMINAL

WIDTH NOMINAL THICKNESS NOT

LESS THAN..

150 MM 150 MM 5-6 MM

100 MM 100 MM 5-6 MM

100 MM 200 MM 25 MM

MEASUREMENT


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MEASUREMENT

LENGTH SHALL BE MEASURED CORRECT TO 0.1 MM.TOLERANCE ON THICKNESS SHALL BE + O.4 MM.

WHERE TILES OF NOMINAL SIZES OF 150 X 150 OR 100 X 100

ARE NOT AVAILABLE , TILES OF NOMINAL SIZES 152 X 152 OR

108 X 108 MAY BE ALLOWED.

ACTUAL SIZE OF TILE SUPPLIED SHALL BE 1 MM LESS SO

THAT WITH 1 MM JOINT THE TILE WHEN LAID SHALL

CONFORM TO THE NOMINAL SIZE.

TOP SURFACE OF TILES SHALL BE

GLAZED(GLOSSY OR MATT) AS

SPECIFIED.

UNDERSIDE SHALL NOT HAVE GLAZED

MORE THAN 5 % OF AREA.

EDGES BE PREFERABLY FREE FROMGLAZE OR ONLY UPTO 50% OF SURFACE

COLOURED TILES


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COLOURED TILES

ONLY THE GLAZE SHALL BE

COLOURED.

SIZES AND SPECIFICATIONS SHALL

BE THE SAME AS FOR WHITE GLAZED

TILES.

DECORATIVE

TILESTHE SIZE OF THESE TILES SHALLBE 152 X 152 X 6 MM OR 108 X 108

X 6 MM


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RATERATE SHALL INCLUDE THE COST OF ALL MATERIALS AND

LABOUR INVOLVED IN ALL THE OPERATIONS.

NOTHING EXTRA SHALL BE PAID FOR THE USE OF CUT

TILES IN THE WORK

EXTRA OVER

AND ABOVE THENORMAL RATES

FOR WHITE TILES

SHALL BE PAID

WHERE

COLOURED ORANY OTHER TILE

OF DECORATIVE

TILES HAVE BEEN

USED.


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END OF SLIDE SHOW.

APPLAUSE!!!

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Tiled Flooring (Manishi & Sharbani)