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Preparing Mentors and Advisors at Xavier
Mentoring Philosophy:A Self-Reflective Tool for Effective Teaching
Tiera S. Coston, JD, PhD
Preparing Mentors and Advisors at Xavier
Objectives
• Demonstrate the interconnection between
mentoring and effective teaching.
• Introduce the idea and value of a mentoring
philosophy to improve teaching.
• Provide resources and guidance on crafting a
mentoring philosophy that reflects the creator’s
values.
• Provide the opportunity and support to begin
crafting your mentoring philosophy.
Preparing Mentors and Advisors at Xavier
• Founded by Saint Katharine
Drexel and the Sisters of the
Blessed Sacrament
• Catholic and historically Black
• “. . . to contribute to the
promotion of a more just and
humane society by preparing
its students to assume roles
of leadership and service in a
global society. This
preparation takes place in a
diverse learning and
teaching environment . . .”
Xavier University of Louisiana
Preparing Mentors and Advisors at Xavier
• Land-grant institution
• Historically Black
• “. . . distinctive learning,
discovery and engagement
opportunities in the arts and
sciences, education,
technology, engineering,
agriculture, business and health
professions.”
• “. . . provides individuals,
including first generation
college students, access to a
holistic learning environment that fosters multicultural
diversity, academic success, and
intellectual and social growth.”
UMES
Source: University of Maryland Eastern Shore. “Celebrating the Journey:
The 125th Anniversary of UMES” 1886-2011. Photo Gallery.
Preparing Mentors and Advisors at Xavier
Teaching the Mission
• ̍mi-shən: a
preestablished and
often self-imposed
objective or purpose
• Take a moment to
reflect on your
institution’s mission.
• How does your
institution’s mission
inform your teaching?Mission [Def. 4c]. (n.d.). Merriam-Webster Online. In Merriam-Webster. Retrieved June 3, 2019, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/mission.
Preparing Mentors and Advisors at Xavier
Xavier University of Louisiana• About 3,000 students
(75% undergraduate; 25% graduate/professional)
• 79% of 2,463 undergraduates major in a biomedical discipline
Biochemistry Bioinformatics Biology Chemistry Computer Science Data Science Mathematics Physics Psychology Public Health Sociology
Preparing Mentors and Advisors at Xavier
Xavier University of Louisiana• Students (~3,231):
• 72% African–American• 9% Asian• 5% White• 4% LatinX• 10% Others• 75% female • 25% male
• Faculty (~223):• 37% White• 35% African American• 14% Non-resident foreign
citizen• 5% Asian/Native American/
Pacific Islander• 8% Other• 55% male • 45% female
Preparing Mentors and Advisors at Xavier
The Science of MentoringInterventions such as mentoring can significantly increase:
– Research-related skills
– Participation (in fields where traditionally underrepresented)
– Increased self-efficacy
– GPAs
– Retention
• Gibson, Y.B. (2014). The Impact of Mentoring Programs for African American Male Community College Students. J. Mason Grad. Res. 1(2), 70-82.
http://dx.doi.org/10.13021/G81P4B
• Haeger, H. & Fresquez, C. (2016). Mentoring for Inclusion: The Impact of Mentoring on Undergraduate Researchers in the Sciences. CBE life sciences
education, 15(3), ar36.
• McGee, R., Saran, S. & Krulwich, T.A. (2012). Diversity in the Biomedical Research Workforce: Developing Talent. Mt. Sinai, J Med. 79, 397-411.
Members of underrepresented groups typically receive less
mentoring than their majority peers.• Thomas, D.A. (2001). The Truth About Mentoring Minorities: Race Matters. Harvard Business Review, 79(4), 98-107, 168.
• Helm E.G., Prieto D.O., Parker J.E., Russell M.C.. Minority medical school faculty. J Natl Med Assoc. 2000; 92:411–414.
• Morzinski J.A., Fisher J.C. A nationwide study of the influence of faculty development programs on colleague relationships. Acad Med. 2002; 77:402–406.
Preparing Mentors and Advisors at Xavier
The Practice of Mentoring
• Admirable Personal Qualities
– Altruistic
– Honest
– Trustworthy
– Active listener
– Enthusiastic
– Compassionate
– Set clear expectations
• Cho, C. S., Ramanan, R. A., & Feldman, M. D. (2011). Defining the Ideal Qualities of Mentorship: A Qualitative Analysis of the Characteristics of
Outstanding Mentors. The American Journal of Medicine, 124, 453-458. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2010.12.007
• Straus, S. E., Johnson, M. O., Marquez, C., & Feldman, M. D. (2013). Characteristics of Successful and Failed Mentoring Relationships. Academic Medicine,
88(1), 82-89. doi:10.1097/acm.0b013e31827647a0
Preparing Mentors and Advisors at Xavier
• Committed
– Commit necessary time
– Accessible
– Provide high-quality interactions
• Experienced
– Develop skills and strengths of mentees
– Assist with gaining disciplinary knowledge
– Actively advocate on mentee’s behalf
• Career Guider
– Possess professional experience and networks
The Practice of Mentoring
• Pfund, C., Byars-Winston, A., Branchaw, J., Hurtado, S., & Eagan, K. (2016). Defining Attributes and Metrics of Effective Research Mentoring Relationships.
AIDS and Behavior, 20(S2), 238-248. doi:10.1007/s10461-016-1384-z
Preparing Mentors and Advisors at Xavier
• Mentoring Legator
– Role modeling
– Institute policies
– Set expectations and standards of
mentorship
• Culturally Aware/Responsive
– Assist with developing sense of belonging
– Advance equity and inclusion
– Assist with reducing impact of bias and
stereotype threat
The Practice of Mentoring
• Gandhi, M., & Johnson, M. (2016). Creating More Effective Mentors: Mentoring the Mentor. AIDS and Behavior, 20(S2), 294-303. doi:10.1007/s10461-016-
1364-3
Preparing Mentors and Advisors at Xavier
Teachers as MentorsTeachers who prepare themselves as mentors:• Increase their potential to enhance student
growth and development
• Help students maximize educational
experiences
• Enrich their own teaching and professional
development• Gain exposure to new and diverse populations
• Improve coaching and listening skills
• Find work more meaningful and satisfying
• Hone leadership skills
• Reengage professionally• Zachary, L.J. (2002). The Role of Teacher as Mentor. Contemporary Viewpoints on Teaching Adults Effectively. New Directions for Adult and Continuing
Education, No. 93, 27-38
Preparing Mentors and Advisors at Xavier
Teachers as Mentors
• Examined the effect of writing a self-affirming essay on students’ grades
• Targeted the person and the environment
Bowen, N.K., Wegmann, K.M., & Webber, K.C. (2013). Enhancing a brief writing intervention to combat stereotype threat among
middle-school students. Journal of Educational Psychology, 105(2), pp. 427-435.
Preparing Mentors and Advisors at Xavier
Teachers as Mentors
Bowen, N.K., Wegmann, K.M., & Webber, K.C. (2013). Enhancing a brief writing intervention to combat stereotype threat among
middle-school students. Journal of Educational Psychology, 105(2), pp. 427-435.
Preparing Mentors and Advisors at Xavier
Theory to Practice
Brookfield, S.D.. (1995). Becoming a Critically Reflective Teacher. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
• Critical reflection:• Necessary to develop professionally and enhance
teaching effectiveness
• Allows one to gain new perspectives on their thoughts
and actions and question assumptions not previously
realized
• Developing and periodically revisiting your
mentoring philosophy is reflective process that can
enhance your teaching.
Preparing Mentors and Advisors at Xavier
Mentoring Philosophy
What is a Mentoring Philosophy?
A statement that explains and justifies the way you
approach personal and professional relationships with
students as you guide their development into
professionals.
Pfund, C., Branchaw, J. and Handelsman, J. (2014). Entering Mentoring. New York, NY: WH Freeman & Company.
Preparing Mentors and Advisors at Xavier
Your Mentoring Philosophy
• Why write one?– Help maintain your focus
– Can share with students
– Can fold into your teaching philosophy
– Can help with grant writing
Pfund, C., Branchaw, J. and Handelsman, J. (2014). Entering Mentoring. New York, NY: WH Freeman & Company.
Preparing Mentors and Advisors at Xavier
Your Mentoring Philosophy
• What’s typically included?– Definitions of mentor, mentee, and learning
– View of mentee role
– View of mentor role
– Goals and expectations of the relationship
– Mentoring methods and evaluations
– Personal context
Pfund, C., Branchaw, J. and Handelsman, J. (2014). Entering Mentoring. New York, NY: WH Freeman & Company.
Preparing Mentors and Advisors at Xavier
Preparing Mentors and Advisors at Xavier
Mentoring Philosophy
Preparing Mentors and Advisors at Xavier
Your Mentoring Philosophy
How will you indicate cultural
awareness/sensitivity in your
mentoring philosophy?
Pfund, C., Branchaw, J. and Handelsman, J. (2014). Entering Mentoring. New York, NY: WH Freeman & Company.
Preparing Mentors and Advisors at Xavier
Your Mentoring Philosophy
• Let’s try it!
– Take a moment and reflect on what your mentoring
philosophy would be. Then make a list of the elements
you would include in your philosophy.
– Imagine that you are interviewing for a position and
you are asked to describe your approach to mentoring.
How would you respond?
– Write a few sentences addressing one element of your
mentoring philosophy with this approach in mind.
Preparing Mentors and Advisors at Xavier
Your Mentoring Philosophy
• Take a look at the elements you listed and the
sentences your wrote for your mentoring philosophy.
• Do they address each of the themes that are
important to you (e.g., communication, expectations,
learning/teaching environment, etc.)?
• How might you use your mentoring philosophy as the
foundation for your classroom activities?
Pfund, C., Branchaw, J. and Handelsman, J. (2014). Entering Mentoring. New York, NY: WH Freeman & Company.
Preparing Mentors and Advisors at Xavier
Continue What You’ve Started
• Good mentors are developed, not born.
• Commit to a plan for ‘completing’ your mentoring
philosophy.
• Develop your mentoring competency by seeking
out opportunities to enhance mentoring
knowledge and skills• Workshops and conferences
• Colleagues
• Consult scholarship on mentoring
• Mentor!!!
• Straus, S. E., Johnson, M. O., Marquez, C., & Feldman, M. D. (2013). Characteristics of Successful and Failed Mentoring Relationships: A Qualitative StudyAcross Two Academic Health Centers. Academic Medicine : Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 88(1), 82–89.http://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0b013e31827647a0
Preparing Mentors and Advisors at Xavier
Tiera S. Coston, JD, PhDEducational Improvement Specialist
Center for the Advancement of Teaching & Faculty Development
Email: [email protected]
Thank You!