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Of Northern New YorkNovember 3rd, 2008 Volume 1 Isuue 9

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TIDBITS DENIES ANY SKULLDUGGERY:BONE APPÉTIT! by John R. Groesbeck

The ankle bone’s connected to the leg bone, the leg bone’s con-nected to the thigh bone… and this Tidbits connects you to some bony trivia!• The average adult human’s body contains 206 bones. But

whenthathumanbeingfirstenteredtheworld,heorshemayhave had 270 bones or more. Why? An infant’s skull and face is constructed of many small bones hinged together by flexiblesuturejoints.(Thismakesitpossibleforthebaby’shuge head to pass through the birth canal.) As the child grows older, those smaller bones fuse together to become one larger, solid skull.

• Theslangterm“sawbones”refersspecificallytoasurgeon,not just any ol’ doctor.The first recorded use of theworddates back to 1837. And, yes, the name came about due to the then-traditional“cure-all”ofamputation.

• Bonesnotonlyallowustostanduprightandformaframefor our muscles and skin to stretch around, they also protect us. The ribs curl around our lungs and heart, two of our most delicate and necessary organs. The skull is thebody’s“hel-met”andkeepsthebrainsafe,whilethevertebrae in our back and neck encase the all-important spinal cord.

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BONE APPÉTIT! (continued):• Thesmallestbonesinourbodiesareinsidetheear,and are commonly called the hammer, anvil, and stirrup. They performaverycomplexfunctionastheconduitbetweenexternalsound vibrations and the inner ear that sends those signals to the brain.Pasttheeardrum,theearcanalcontainsfluid.Ifyou’veever tried to shout at someone underwater in a swimming pool, you know how muddled sounds can be when traveling through liquids. These three tiny bones act like a pipeline, transmitting sound vibrations through the inner ear canal to the auditory nerve.• Bycontrast,thebiggest,longest,andstrongestboneinthehu-

man body is the femur. It’s the bone that most of us call the “thighbone,”anditextendsfromthehipdowntotheknee.Dueto the sheer density necessary for this bone to support most of ourweight,onlyanextremelyviolentinjuryislikelytocauseafracture.

• Forensic anthropologists are scientists who analyze humanskeletal remains for legal purposes. From a single bone or even bone fragments, they may be able to determine a person’s gender, race, and age. They might even learn where the bone’s owner grew up, and what his or her diet was like. Their skills can be put to use not only to identify recent victims, but also ancient human remains.

• What parents tell their children are “growing pains” are thesame aches a doctor may refer to as Osgood-Schlatter’s Dis-ease.Itsoundsserious,butisrelativelycommon(especiallyinyoung athletes) and is usually outgrown with no complications. The tibial tubercle is the point where kneecap tendon anchors to the shinbone. The tendons of a child very active in sports develop faster than the kneecap does. This pulls on the tibial tubercle, causing discomfort in the knee and lower leg.

BONE APPÉTIT! (continued):• Thehumerus is the long bone that runs from your shoul-dertoyourelbow.Somecallitthe“funnybone”duetoitsname(whichresembles“humorous”).Otherssaythatit’sduetothefactthat when you accidentally bump the ulnar nerve in your elbow, yougetafunny,tinglingsensationupyourarm.(That’sfunnyasin“strange,”notfunny“ha-ha.”)• Aboutone-fourthofthebonesinyourbodyarelocatedinyour

feet.Eachfoothas26bonesand33joints.Thenaturalarchinyour foot is created by a combination of the tarsal and metatar-sal bones, along with some tendons and ligaments. An arched foot helps to support the erect posture of a human and distribute its weight evenly with the least amount of wear and tear on the tootsies.

• Whatweusuallyrefertoasour“tailbone”isproperlycalledthecoccyx.ThewordcomesfromtheGreekfor“cuckoo,”becauseancient physicians thought that the bony protrusion resembled a cuckoo’s beak.

• Themost commonly broken bone in the human body is theclavicle, also known as the collarbone. It is an S-shaped bone that connects the shoulder to the sternum(orbreastplate).Whyis this bone susceptible to such punishment? When humans fall down, they instinctively hold out their arms to brace and protect themselves. This action slams the hands hard onto the ground, and the force of the fall is typically absorbed by the shoulder joint,whichjamsharshlyintothecollarbone.

• Osteoporosis is responsible for 1.5 million bone fractures in the U.S. every year. It affects women more than men, and white women more than other ethnic groups. After you turn 50, con-sult with your doctor regularly to discuss your bone density. Early detection can lead to preventative measures that will keep your bones in good shape.

• AndreasVesalius,a16th-centuryBelgianscientist,wasoneofthefirstpersonstoaccuratelydepicthumananatomy.Thekey reason he was successful in this endeavor is that he performed detailedsurgicalexaminationsofhumancadavers.Hecreatedafirestormofcontroversyin1543whenhepublishedareportthatclaimed both men and women had 12 sets of rib bones. Religious scholars charged him with heresy, since the Old Testament clearly stated that Eve was created from Adam’s rib, implying that males should be one bone short in the thoracic area. • Theveryfirstattemptathipreplacementsurgeryoccurredin

Germany way back in 1891. Professor Themistocles Gluck re-placed the ball of a human femur with one fashioned out of ivory. Unfortunately, the bone eventually failed due to infection andthebody’snatural“rejection”tendencies.Othersurgeonstriedvariousmaterials(suchasglassandrubber)withoutsuc-cess. Finally, in 1925, American orthopedic surgeon Marius Smith-Petersen noted that shipping companies were using a then-new material called stainless steel to protect cargo from seawatercorrosion.Hisstainless-steelhip jointsworkedwelland soon became the preferred replacements.

• Thethreebasictypesofbonefracturesaregreenstick,simpleand compound. A greenstick fracture is an incomplete break – the bone is bent, chipped or cracked but not completely broken. A simple fracture is a bone that has completely broken, but has not pierced the skin. A compound fracture is a broken bone that protrudesthroughtheskinandhasbeenexposedtoair.Today,bone fractures are treated based upon the location and severity ofthebreak.Doctorstypicallyimmobilizeabrokenboneusingcasts, pins, or splints made of various materials.

ALL THE PRESIDENTS’ TIDBITS:

DWIGHT DAVID EISENHOWERDepending on your age, you may recall when Eisenhower dollar coins could occasionally be found in everyday change. What made thiscoinstarklydifferentfrommostotherswasn’tjustitssizeandweight,butsomethingthatjustseemedtobemissingintheprofile:hair. Washington, Jefferson, even JFK had a head of hair. Not so with Ike; and to be fair, the coin’s designer was generous with the amount of hair that he did add.

• DavidDwightEisenhowerwasborninDenison,Texas,onOc-tober14,1890.(Andno,that’snotareversalofhisname.)Hewas born David Dwight, but to avoid confusion with his father, also named David, they called the child Dwight. As a teenager, he switched the two names.

• Eisenhower’s father found difficulty developing a career.Hemoved from Pennsylvania to Kansas to farm, but was unsuc-cessful. The senior Eisenhower then entered engineering school, butleftearlytomarry.Heventuredintoretailsales,engineme-chanics,andbusinessmanagement.ThefinancialstrugglestheEisenhower family endured helped to mold Dwight’s political thinking.

• After graduating high school in Abilene, Kansas in 1909,Dwight felt, and his family agreed, that the military would pro-vide him with educational opportunities he could not otherwise afford.TheNavalAcademy rejected him as too old (hewas20),buttheArmysignedhimuptoWestPoint.Heplayedfoot-ballforArmyuntilakneeinjuryforcedhimontothesidelinesas a coach.

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ALLMYCHILDRENAfterthetornadohit,ZachfreedaverypregnantBiancafromthede-bris and helped deliver her baby girl. Jesse told Angie about his secret daughter,Natalia.AbadlyinjuredBabeaskedJRtomarryherbeforeshedied.DavidHaywardcamebacktoPineValleyandlearnedofBabe’sdeath.WaittoSee:AngiemeetstheotherwomaninJesse’slife -- Rebecca.

ASTHEWORLDTURNSDerek told Meg that Paul tried to hire him to plant drugs on Dusty. Lily encouraged Carly to go after Jack if she still loved him. Dusty told Emily that he still wasn’t over Jennifer. Janet turned down Jack’s invitation to live with him because she was holding out for marriage. CarlythrewherselfatJack,buthedidn’ttakethebait.WaittoSee:Jack proposes to Janet.

THEBOLDANDTHEBEAUTIFULAfterherencounterwithRidge,Taylorrealizedshehadtoendherengagement to Rick. Tragedy ensued after Rick’s confrontation with Ridge got physical. Donna breathed a sigh of relief after Pam col-lapsed. Stephanie discovered that there was more to Pam’s psychi-atricconditionthanshethought.WaittoSee:DonnathinksPamisfaking.

DAYS OF OUR LIVESThemayor’skillervowedtogetridofSamionceandforall.Maxbroke up with Stephanie for betraying his trust. Roman told Sami that her only option for survival was the Witness Protection Program. EJ’s ears pricked up when Johnny hinted that Sami was pregnant. Daniel toldKateherbiopsywasindicativeofcancer.WaittoSee:Nicoleisarrested for Trent’s murder.

GENERALHOSPITALJerry planted a large amount of prescription drugs in Sam’s apart-ment. Anthony told Sonny that he had to marry Claudia in order to prove his loyalty. Johnny pushed Lulu away, saying she was better off without him. Sonny was surprised to learn about Olivia’s son. Jason and Claudia came up with a plan to beat Anthony at his own game.WaittoSee:LukeandLauraarereunited.

GUIDINGLIGHTCyrusapologizedtoFrankforhowhetreatedMarinawhentheyweremarried.BillwasunabletoconcentrateonhisbusinessmeetingbecauseLizziewasstillmissing.CassieadmittedshehadfeelingsforCyrus. Josh asked Jeffrey if he was ready to be a father again at his age.MarinarealizedthatHarleylefttownbecauseCyrusoncesleptwithCassie.WaittoSee:Oliviahassurgeryforapacemaker.

ONE LIFE TO LIVELangston was allowed to stay in Llanview after Ray was shot. Tess blackmailedToddafterrealizinghewasgoingtokidnapStarr’sbaby.Marty had a memory of a young boy, but couldn’t place him as her son,Cole.AdrianaoverheardRexandGigiprofesstheirlovetooneanotherand,selflessly,decidedtodotherightthing.WaittoSee:Tesshas a dynamite plan for Jared and Natalie.

THEYOUNGANDTHERESTLESSJill saved Katherine from unknowingly signing over her stock to Gloria.CanehiredBillytoheadupthenewlineatJabot.Dru’ssister,Olivia,returnedtoGenoaCityandrecognizedKarenasapastacquaintance.Aftertheyrealizedtheywerebeingbugged,NickandNikkisentthefedsonawildgoosechaseafterVictor.WaittoSee:Katherine comes face to face with Marge.

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DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER (continued):• Aftergraduation,LieutenantEisenhowerwasassignedtoFortSamHouston.HereportedlyrequestedoverseasdutywhenWorld War I erupted, but remained stateside to help train the troops.Hewasregularlypromoted,achievingtherankofmajorin 1920. Dwight hoped to continue his ascent into the Army’s officerelite,andattendedtheArmyWarCollegetofurtherhischances. Stints as assistant to the war secretary and aide to Gen-eral Douglas MacArthur did nothing to harm his road to success.

• Eisenhower had just attained the rank of Brigadier Generalwhen theJapanesebombedPearlHarbor, forcing theU.S. toenter World War II. Over the course of the war, Ike would be responsible for commanding Allied troops in Africa and then Europe.HewasthemanwhoorderedtheinvasionknownasD-Day,andledthefinalstandagainsttheGermansasafive-stargeneral.HepersonallyacceptedtheReich’stermsofsurrenderin1945.

• In1948,EisenhowerretiredfromtheArmy.Notknownforhispolitics, the Democrats and Republicans both hoped to bring thepopularwarherointotheirranks.Instead,Iketookajobaspresidentof his almamater:Columbia.PresidentHarryTru-man felt that he’d be the perfect man to head the new North AtlanticTreatyOrganization.

• Eisenhower seemed surprised to win the Republican presi-dentialnominationin1952.HisDemocraticopponentwas,bycontrast, someone who had been involved in politics nearly all his life:AdlaiStevenson.He’dbeen inpublic service for20years and was the grandson of his namesake, who had been vice president under Grover Cleveland. Now involved in war in Korea, the public felt that General Ike was the smart choice,

and he won the election handily.NO, THE OTHER ONE y Sheila Folsom

Suppose, through no fault of your own, your last name is Simpson andyourparentschristenedyouBartwhenyouwerebornin1977.Life was smooth until that little cartoon character came along as you entered your teen years, and now you can never announce your namewithoutgettinga“look.”Sharednamesabound:• JasonAlexanderwasborn inKentwood,Louisiana, in1981.

Twenty-two years later, his name would appear in headlines around theworldwhenhewedpopprincessBritneySpears.Their union was annulled less than 72 hours later, but there wasplentyof confusion in themeantime.You see,Britney’stemporary hubby shares the same name as a more famous Jason Alexander – that of the balding, bespectacled actorwho co-starred on TV’s Seinfeld. The initial media reports had many fans convinced that youngBrit had actuallymarriedGeorgeCostanza!

• PaulSimonofMadisonCounty,Illinois,gotinvolvedinpoli-ticsatayoungage.By1968,he’dworkedhiswayuptobe-comethelieutenantgovernorofhisstate.Butdespitehissuc-cess(andhistrademarkbowtie),thenewsmediahadtospecify“PaulSimon,thepolitician”wheneverhewasmentioned.Bythat time, another guy named Paul Simon had edged him out in the fame game by recording several popular records with his musical compadre, Art Garfunkel.

• ApitcherfortheDetroitTigers,KennyRogersmustneverhaveheard the lyrical advice given by the country music vocalist that shareshisname:“Knowwhentowalkaway,andknowwhento run.”ThebaseballKenny “gambled”with amajor-leaguecontroversy back in 2005 when he angrily grabbed a photogra-

From Carrio’s Market!

Heres a simple way to safely remove those pesky fruit flys courtesy of Cario’s market. It’s a little secret they wanted us to share with our readers about how they prevent and remove them.Just take a small empty margarine container and fill it about half way with vinegar. Then squirt some liquid dish soap in the vinegar and mix it around a bit. Just sit the container in an open area and over time it will trap any fruit flys you might have had. It works great! We hope you enjoyed this friendly tip!

In Theresa N.Y.

TOYOURGOODHEALTHBy Paul G. Donohue,M.D.

EDITORS: Please ensure thatall pamphlet offers include price and all other information.

Pierced Ears Reject Earrings

DEARDR.DONOHUE:WhenI turned 24, my pierced earsstartedtoreject(bleeding,itch-ing, swelling) my earrings. I have used 14-karat gold, ster-ling silver and cheap metal earrings. What is the cause? Is there a solution? -- E.L.

ANSWER:Thatreactionsuggestsallergiccontactdermati-tis, a sensitivity your skin has developed to the metal in your earrings. Nickel is the metal most often responsible. If the goldis14karat,itprobablycontainsnickel.Silverjewelryisusually safe, but the clasps and solder on it can have nickel.If this is allergic contact dermatitis, the best treat-ment is stopping the use of the offending earrings. To be sure that this is nickel sensitivity, a der-matologist can give you a skin test for it.* * *DEAR DR. DONOHUE: My father is in the last stag-es of Alzheimer’s disease. He is in a nursing home andis bedridden for most of the day. He doesn’t recognizemy mother or me. We cannot communicate with him.My mother is worried that he might be feeling pain and is un-able to tell anyone. Is there some way I can assure her that he is not suffering? This is most important to my mother. -- J.F.

ANSWER: If your dad reacts to a pinch, he can feelpain and he can communicate the feeling as we all do -- by wincing. It’s a reflex that most often re-mains intact even in the late stages of Alzheimer’s.The staff at the nursing home is instructed to pay careful attention to any signs that a patient is in discomfort. They take particular care to inspect all patients for any signs that the skin might be breaking down to form a bedsore.Alzheimer’sdiseaseisanillnessalmostashardonrelativesas it is onpatients.TheAlzheimer’sbooklet gives thede-tails of this illness and its treatments. Readers can order a copy bywriting:Dr.Donohue --No. 903W,Box 536475,Orlando,FL32853-6475.Encloseacheckormoneyorder(nocash)for$4.75U.S./$6Canadawiththerecipient’sprint-ed name and address. Please allow four weeks for delivery.* * *DEAR DR. DONOHUE: You have mentioned ce-liac disease more than once. You omit oats as one of the grains to avoid. I know for sure that oats throw me into trouble. You should clarify this. -- P.N.

ANSWER: Celiac disease is a digestive illnesswhere thedigestive tract is thrown for a loop by gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley and rye. The symptoms are diar-rhea, weight loss and bulky, foul-smelling stools. Some-times people with celiac disease present with anemia or osteoporosis without any digestive-tract symptoms. These illnesses come on because celiac disease interrupts the absorption of minerals, vitamins and other nutrients.

Oats do not contain gluten. However, they can be con-taminated with gluten because they are sometimes re-fined with the samemachinery used to refine those othergrains. Many celiac patients tolerate oats well. If they don’t, they should avoid oats along with the other grains.

Dr. Donohue regrets that he is unable to answer indi-vidual letters, but he will incorporate them in his col-umn whenever possible. Readers may write him or request an order form of available health newslet-ters at P.O. Box 536475, Orlando, FL 32853-6475.

(c)2008NorthAmericaSynd.,Inc.All Rights Reserved

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pher’s camera from his grasp and smashed it onto the ground.THE OTHER ONE (continued):• When Baby Boy Columbus was born in 1958 in Spangler,

Pennsylvania, his parents decided it might be funny to name himChristopher after the famous explorer. (No, the two arenot related.) Chris was an only child and felt somewhat lonely sincebothhisparentshadjobs,somotionpicturesbecamehiscompanions.Today,ChrisColumbusisawell-respectedfilm-maker, and with hits like Mrs. Doubtfire, Home Alone and part of the Harry Potter series under his belt, his popularity rivals that of his namesake.

• When he was born in 1958, Howard Kevin Stern’s parentscouldn’t have known that anotherHoward Sternwould gainfameyears later as “TheKing ofAllMedia.”But the situa-tionhasforcedHowardK.Stern tousehismiddle initial forclarification.He’sanattorneybyprofession,butSternisbet-ter known as the constant companion of the late Anna Nicole Smith. For ten years, Stern multi-tasked as her lawyer, assis-tant, and adviser.

• VanessaL.WilliamsandVanessaA.Williamswerebothbornin 1963. Vanessa L.istheWilliamswhobecamethefirstAfri-can-American woman to win Miss America. She went on to be-come a successful singer and actress, and has been nominated for Grammy, Tony, and Emmy Awards. Vanessa A. co-starred on TV’s Melrose Place, Chicago Hope, and Murder One. Just toaddtotheconfusion,VanessaL.hadtheleadroleinthefilmversion of Soul Food, while Vanessa A. starred in the TV series of the same name.

• MajorLeagueBaseballcoachandformerplayerHowardJohn-sonisnorelationtoHowardDeeringJohnson,thefounderofthefamousrestaurantchain.Butwe’rewillingtobettheformer