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8/8/2019 Tibetan English Dictionary (Jaschke 1883) - Row 8
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tibetan-english-dictionary-jaschke-1883-row-8 1/14
8/8/2019 Tibetan English Dictionary (Jaschke 1883) - Row 8
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/tibetan-english-dictionary-jaschke-1883-row-8 2/14
596
hai hu
to Sch. also an interjection expressiveof
pain (?).
^Q" hai a Chinese word, shoe C.
.
hau-spa-ba n. of a medicinal herb
hags Lea;, sugar, treacle 6s., hags-kyi
Id-tu.
KP- han? han- dzom-pa to squander, to dis-
sipate Sch., han-ca-byed a squanderer
Sch.
"^' hdn-ba, W. *hdn-ce's
to pant, to gasp.
hdd-kyis suddenly Sch. had-po?
Mil.
^
had-hdd or hur-hur, with *cd-ce* to
exert one's self, to strive W.
- han-lddii W. 1 . dumb, mute, *han-
ddn-ni(s}pe ra*a stammering, also:
a confused, unmeaning speech. --2. im-
becile, weak of mind.
T han-hon v. ha-na-ho-ne.
Kjn* ^a^ 1- a mouthful, hdb-za byed-pa, hab-
hdb zd-ba to devour greedily, e.g.of
dogs, pigs etc., hab-bcdd a needy wretch,
astarveling, famishing person. 2. a stitch,
in sewing, also *hdb-ka* C. *hdb-so* W.,
hab- fsem-pa to make here a stitch and there
a stitch, as in quilting Mil. nt. 3. hab-
god v. ha 3. 4. v. the following article.
Mb-sa a dispute, a quarrel, Mb-sa
byed-pa Mil., Thgr ,to dispute, to
quarrel; hab-tob byed pa to scramble for,
to strive or contend for Pth.
hdm -pa 1. avarice, covetousness,
greediness; W. also vb.: to covet,
*zdn-ni nor-la* after a person's wealth; to
long for, to yearn after, *Jeoi 'd-ne hdm-te
dad dug* his wife sits yearning (after him) ;
hdm-pa byed-pa Sch. : to be covetous. -
2. strength Cs.; courage, bravery W., of men
and animals. 3. white film onliquids etc.,
mould 6'.,*hdm-di or -ri* a musty, fusty
smell C., W. ; *hdm-por cdg-kan* W. mouldy,
musty, *ham-ce* W. to get mouldy. 4.lie,
falsehood, C. --hdm-pa-can 1. covetous,
avaricious; greedy, voracious. 2. courageous;
one Lex. explains rlam-Kyer by Mm -pas
Kyer-ba(?}; *hdm-pa cun-se* W. cowardly.
*o5|*^\ ham-bur W. rime, hoar-frost?
^x; Mr suddenly, Mr Idn-ba to rise sud-
denly Mil.] *har si jhe'-pa* to rouse
suddenly from sleep 6'.; har-gyis (Sch. had-
kyis)more precise form of the adv. Tar.
"^* Mr-re empty, open, Tar. 1 15, 16 Schf.
Mi-pa a porridge, made of milk,
butter and honey.
Ml-ba to pant, to wheeze, to snort,
hal-kyiapanting dog
Sch.;
*hal-
med* W. weak.
has exaggeration , hyperbole ,has - cer
smrd-ba Cs,*he gyab-ce* W. to exag-
gerate, to talk big, to brag.
K^r^J"^" hds-po-ri n. of a mountain in C.,
(jrlr.
Zfhi numeral: 59.
S'rrjy hi-dig, or hig-dig, W. *zer-ce* to blow
'
one's nose.
LT hi-md-la-ya Ssk.,= gaits-can the
snowy mountains, Him laya.
^ .
5S *% hi-ra Ssk. diamond.
K'^'hi- corn-Stack, *hi-ri gydb-ce* W. to
pile up a stack of corn.
S-(-nr-hi-lin noise,*hi-lin tan-Kan* W., bully,
brawler.
"
hi-hi ha-hd.
OTI-
*
hii ka Sch. breast-bone.
%' %-^a *ne act ^ sobbing,
*hig tdn-te dug or gydb-te dug*
he is sobbing W.; *hig)dn (lit. sbyaii} dug*
is said to be an expression used of aLama,
when he is watching the gradual depart-
ing of the soul of a dying man.
3C.' hi/t, f^p, = sifi-kun, Asa foetida.
^T^'^J'lv* hin-du-std-ni, C.: *hin-du-td-ni
''-0 ^
^'*, Hindoostanee, the language
of the Hindoos.
'
his Pur.: "hiz yon* he is panting.
hu \. W. breath, *hu gydb-ce* to breathe.
,..r;p.,' }K1;j
to &11. also an i n t e r j ~ c i o n expreillive of
Illin (l).
~ Ita; • Clline<e word, shoe r...:
~ ! f . : r nuu"pa-ba D. o f . medicinal herb'" .u«i.~ 4atp 1.A.r. sup. treacle Yo, M!I"J.yi... w-tu.
~ '«Ii' /w.....(l::om-pa 10 squander, 10 dis.siPlte &A., ltuJi-la.-bytd a squandem
&1,.
"i!:".:::r Itdit-&., W ·'ItJit-h' 10 pant, to gasp.
. : : . : : : ~ ~ hdd-I:!!i! suddenly &h. - l l a d · p ( ) ~J \ Mil.
:r)'7'," had·/ldd or hur-kur, with ·i:tJ..tl· toexert one's self, to suivc W.
~ ~ lWIl·lddli W. l . dumb, mule, ·/lIUl-
dlin-lii (')pi 1'0.- a stammering,illso:l \ confused, unmeaning speech. - 2. im·
becile, weak of mind.
"}-'Y1i' IlulI-Mn \'. ha-nq.-ho-.IV.
~ hab I. a m o u t h f u ~ lui.f>.za bgid-pa, hub-40.6 =d-&< to del 'our greedily, e.g. of
dogs, pigs etc., h Q ~ t i d a needy wretcb,
a swveliog. famishing perllOO.- 2. • stitch,
in se1...iog, .Iso -hdfN:a'" C °M.b40· W.,
A a b - . ~ to make here a stitchandtbere
• llliteb, as in quilting MiL m. _ 3. Aah
g(Kl v. 40 3. - 4. ". the following article.
7f-tf Ad/Ha a dispute, a q u a r r t ~ Ado-Aa
byftl-pa AIil., TN,p, to dispute, 11)
qUlrn!:l; A,ab-fdb bgid pa to scramble for,10 stri"e or contend for PM.
~ ' ' f I I d m ~ p a 1. avarice, covetousness,greediness; W: allKl vb.: to co,·et,
-zan-til' MI..lo- after a perwn'a wealth; tolong for, to }'ellro after, -Em 'd-ne I.(/m-it
dad d u his wife sits yearning (after bim);
Adm_pa byld-pa &/1.: to be eovet(\us. 2. strength C;.; courage, bravery If., of men
nnd IIDimals. - 3. white film on liquids etc.,
mould c,:, ·Aam-rji or _ri'" ll. musty, fusty
smell ()., IV,: ·lulm-fXJ'" tag-fan· IV. mouldy,
musty. "Aam-tt! II". to get mouldy. - 4. lie,
falsehood, G: - l«im-p<Wan. 1. covetous,
avaricious; greedy, vlN'3.cious. 2. courageous;
ODe La. explains ,,14m-fyir by ham_pcu
I!.vb-bar); ·/.am-pa lVli.u'" W: cowudly.
~ . Iulm-bur IV: rime, hoar-frost?
y:: hal" suddenly, Itar /d,;-oa to rise sud-denly JIil.; -ha" v )""_pa. 10 rouse
suddenl}' from sleep C.; IIor-UyU (&k fwd
l.-yil) mOn!: pn:eiae form (If Lhe ad,. Tar.
: ; r : ~ ' Mr-rtempty, open, Tllt.IIS, 16 &hi
rr.:r lull-pa ll. porridge, made of lUilk,
butter and hooey.
1'-r.:::r Adl-ba to pant, 10 wheeze. to snort.hal- ~ ' ! I i a pallting dog &It.; ·"ul
mM'" IV. weak.
7'-'\f ha5 exaggeration, hyperbole, !leu - ttl"~ m r a - b a £', .A! !Jyab-tt· W to exag·
gerate, to talk big, to brag.
. c ; : . . , , ~ . ~ £ : . ! J a 3 · ~ l ' i n. of l \ mountnin in C,/ . Gil..
't'. J . ' I'? "l Dumem : 59.
1 ' ~ ~ ' 1'WJ.ig, or ilig-ilig, W: . : h ~ - to blow
ones nose.1 · ~ ~ v . r Ai-md-la-ya SIk.•_ Ua".-tan thl'
r::.. snowy mouotAins. Him :Laya.
~ hi-ra .$d. diamond.
~ . ~ . Iri-ri corn-stack, ·Ai-ri !/!Jub-ff'" U". to
pile up • "tack of rom.
~ ~ Ai-Jiic noiu:lti-li" to ....fa1l.· W., bully,brawler.
1',' Ai-J.i - 1I00"u.~ ' ? hii ka &11. breul·bon•.
rr m- Itig. Ioig-l:a the act of sobbing.
• ·Jaiu td"-tt dltUor !l!Jdb-ttduU·
he i sobbing W:; -'ug )dH (lit. fb!JON) (114[/
is said to be an uprcssion used of nLama,
when he watching the gradual depart
ing of the soul of a dying man.
~ Ai,i, tlt. - ~ i , i - . h . m . A,a fOt!tI'da.
~ . ~ . y ~ . Mn-du-sta-Ili, C.: ·hill-du·td-l1i
..... kt-, Bindooslanee, Ihe lungungeof the HiDdoos.
~ ~ hU Pur. .- ·"iz yo;,· he is panting.
~ hU I.W. breath. .,,11. fI!Iab-U" to breathe.
...., - 2. num.: 89.
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597
hii-ka
the hookah, with an
horn-pa
order, com-
KVT
inflexible tub.-.
I ////-//// VT., JL>N3>0
I
mand.
hii-kyii the sound of sighing /'///.
l'-'>" { *'
&*k. (h it-no) n. of an an-
cient people, the Huns;?).
hu-^an-dhi (!} Sch.: title of the
Chinese emperor.
hu-n'\ mig hu-reOduy he stares, he
goggles, with wonder, horror, confu-
sion Mil., Glr.] miy-hur Miig.
KVlCK^hu-sar (from the Hind, hosyart}
\ o| (grown) well again, being again live-
ly, active; diligent, sedulous W.
hu-hu 1.interj. expressive of pain
x.- XT from cold 6s. 2. 'the sound of one's
mouth ineating' Cs. 3.
*hu-hu tdn-ce*
W. to whistle.
R' /"~iii JTf^. ^^, mystical interjection, e.g.
<i -Z*; in the prayer of six syllables, v. ^'
Q,
* hun W. (= ca, Ion, prin) news, tidings,
>o intelligence, information, *hun tan-ce*
to give account or notice, to inform, acquaint,
let know, *fsar-na hun tori* tell me (let me
know) as soon as it is finished ! *hun fsor-
be* to get intelligence, to receive news; *hun
ma yon or mi duy* we have no newsyet;
disclosure, explanation, opinion, idea, *<*' y6d-
pe.hun
/,//(></-/<i )un yin* you shall get an
idea of what kind of ... are to be found,
*sem-can fun-canzig yin-pe hun /id-la )u/t*
I have got the notion that this is avery
quiet animal; *re->rei hun ell-tar se* whence
have you such accurate information of everyone of them ? *ser-dub tlil-te hun ma ju/l*
he did notperceive
it when thering
felloff;
*hu?i-med-la*unexpectedly, unawares.
j^q.hub as much as is swallowed at once,
>o a gulp, a draught. to</-mar hub reOfun
:///at iirst take only one mouthful, one
draught at a time Glr.;hub
yc-ig one mouth-
ful, hub do two mouthfuls Cs.; hub-ki,is by
draughts Sch.; hub- hub byed-pa to drink
in large draughts, togulp.
- hur 1. v. hu-rt. 2. hur-hur v. had-
hail.
hiir-badexterity, cleverness, skilful-
ness ('., Inir-tdy id., also zeal, dili-
gence Sch.; hui'-po
i .
quick, alert, dexterous,
clever. 2. hot, hasty, passionate /,'/.. rte
o a fleet, spirited, fine horse ('*.
hus Cn. moisture, humidity, h;<x-can wet.
he 1. num.: 119.interj.: o! holla!
Cs.; he-he \. id. Cs. 2. = ha-ha, he-he
zer bgdd-pas she laughed: he, he! Glr.-
he-tu Ssk.
cause, reason, argument, logic.
he-bat/ provocation, taunts, sarcasms.
*
Ssk. he-wajra, 3,^1'Tibet, kye^rdo-
ije Cs.: n. of a god ;n. of a series of treatises.
K'^-m'he-ru-ka
terrifying deities, also Krag-1
Ofut'i, Thgr. frq., he-ru-kai ryyud
legends of wrathful deities.
j'^T hey-po having become putrid, rancid.
j'^j' M-yeSch.: soft leather, wash-leather.
hel-po, liel-can, *hel-hel* W. wide,
extended;of garments : wide, easy :
hel-ba id. and sbst. : width Sch.
ho num.: 149.
$^'ho -ma Ssk.
prop.: burnt -offering of
butter; = sbyin-srey v. Wan. (194);
Schl. 251;ho-ma byed-pa to sacrifice; horn-
kn it a smallpit
or a triangular box used
as an altar for such an offering.
'
ho-hointerj.
of admiration Cs.
v-u<T*hon-len a medicinal herb, Picnn--
/7//ca,frequendy to be found on the
mountains, Hook. I., 272.
*
hon-hdn stupid, foolish Cs.
hob-pa, W.: *hob-te duy* it has got
bent in or battered, of tin ware.
JMV horn (Mongol word?) a pad, placed
under a camel's load.
hom-pa W. to fall away, to lose flesh.
e.g. of hollow cheeks, to shrink, to
shrivel, of withered fruit.
:i""T lril-ka, Ar. ....b. the hooklh, ..·jlh al l
inl1uiltle tulH-.
4 ~ AI4·hfm I I . .-b. Unh, order, com·~ ,-mand.
~ ' § ' Im-J.'yu the l'Ound of sighing !'tA.
~ . ~ . AiHIU (. : &J:. (Ait-l.a) n. of nn IUI
..... dent 1lf'Qllle, ~ h HUllS,?).
:<;..... _ . ~ . IlIl-_ali -dM ( ~ &11..: tide of the, ~ Ch""""' :;; IUe!l6 cmperor.
. q ' ~ ' I t .r i . IIlfg It,,-n .d.!J he SWI!S. he
..... gogglts, 'l\"jlh . .-onder, horror, confu
SioD Mil., Glr.; JrIIig-Aitr M"9-;;'-B=\ hu-Ati,. (froll' Ihe Hind. ,\t,iydr1)
..... ":l; (grown) well again, b e i n ~ aguio li\'e
Ir, active; diligent, sedulous IV.
_ . ~ ' IIU -M I l . interj. expl"essi\'c of pnill
::l..... from cold OJ. - 2. 'the sound of olle'smouth io entiug' C•. - 3. °hu_A' tail-u·n'. to whistle.
~ Juim,:Jn(. 1P{. mYlllicnl interjection, e.g.
" .in the prayer of six s y l l a l . o l ~ v. i j(
'"\' hun n (- la, Ion, i""n) news, tidings.
..... int..Uigl"nce, io(ormatioD, -" ." taJi-lt"
to gi\·c aeeountor notice,to inform,acquaint,let know, "har-,," 111m eo,,- tell me (let me
know) as soon AS it is finished! "/mn ( ~ O " bo' to get intelligence, to receive nows; "I,UI,
Ill" !JON. ormi dllfl" we have
110
news yet;disclosurt, explanation. opinion, idea, "H ydd_
pe lum l!y6d-lo. j .... yin" you shall get an
idea of ...hat kind of . . . a,e to be found,
"M1It-nrR ("II-am !:ig yilt-})/' hit,. ,jd-lo. ju':""
1 have got tbe notion that thill is a ,"ery
quietlUlimalj " ~ i i hUll ai· tar." "hencehave you such .«:Unlte informa.tion of c\'eryooe nf them? "«r-duo r.jil-tL lilt" ma jll,j"
lIe did not pereei"e it when the ring fell off;"hllll-lIlal-ta" L1nexpectedly, unawares.
~ hub as luuch lUI is swallowed . t OIlCI",
..... a QuIp, a draLight, tdg-IJWr I••b rl ,,(un.
zig at tiTSt tAke only onc IllOGtbful, une
dTl'L1gbt at;L time Gl,. ; "Jl.0 f one moulbful, 1ltb do two mouthfuls w.; A ~ I : ; ' " bydrau«bts &. l j "Jl.b-JWo byid-po. to drink:
iu large dtaught ., to :;WI"
'.7
7\' In,,. l . v. Jr...ff. - 2. J".,.....!tin' Y. Md-
load.
:r-'.:r hilr-ba dexterity, e1tvemeu, IkOfll&-
..... ness C., /tur-ldfl id., .Iso zeaf, dili
gence &Ja.; /tilr_po I. qLrick, alert, dexterous,denr. 2. hot, hasty, passionate l..d.; ria
Mr·}'o n llcet, s(,il'ited, fine IJOrse ( •.
~ ~ Ina U. moisture, humidity, M,,-tall wct.
~ Joe 1. num.: 119. - i. iutcrj.: o! heRa!c,.; hN.e I. id. (..I. 2. = ho-4«, k-IJ
zero bgdJ-ptU she laugbed: h ~ he! Gir.,iJ" hJ.tu &/:. cause, rtuon, argument, logic.
,7 ' Jw...baS provecalion, taunts, 1afUsms.
. ' ";-.::lr &1.:. I."l("a)ro, ...;[ Tibet I , ! ~ r d ( ) -11t (ll.: n. of I god; n. of Il. $Cries of treatises.
~ ' . : : : r r r M-I-u-ka terrifying deities, 1 I 1 ~ I!rUflI ~ o f i ~ I i , Til!!,.. frq., M-I'u-kai I'!IY"d
legends of w",\bful deities.
~ - ; - - : " AIy'po havinK become putri4. rancid.
~ ' : f " IIIl &.4: soft leathI!!'. wash-leather.
q . - r ~ 1m-po, IJI..<a>t, 0MJ._AH.- n: wide,
, extended; of garments: wide, easy;hll-bu ill. IIlld sbsL: width &A.
F:{ M Dum.: 14\.1.
1",;r "0-1IIa &1.:. llroll.: burnt-offering of
buuer; - I b ! l ' · " . ~ r ' : 9 v. U'QI (11).4.);M. :151; h ~ f l t ( I byld-pa 10 sacrifice; 11&",
C-U>f. a smaU Ili\ or II trillngullU" box u,;eJ.
i\S an .It... for such ao offering.
~ : Ao-A6 iottrj. of .dmiratioo W.
~ . , . ~ AOti-lht a me<licin&l. herb, I"'inw-rAi.:a., frcquent.ly to be fOGod on the
moontaios, 11001:. I., 27'1..
~ . ~ . lum-Mn stupid, fooli$h (,•.
a:r.:J' I.db-po, H ~ "Mb-tt dll!J" it hAll ~ o I • befli in or battered, of till ......re.
au .4oIft (:\lougol word?) • pad, Illacedr ' uoder. camera I ~ d .*.:r M-pa n: to 'an away, to lose 8c..b,
e.g. of hollo," cbeeks, to shrink, t,shrive&, of withered fruit.
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598
hor I" lha
js. /tor 1. formerly: a Mongol Jwrjin-gin-
' lean the Mongol Djingiskhan; hor-ser
Shara Sharaighol n. of a Mongol tribe Glr.;
hor-yul Mongolia. 2. at present: in 61
. the
people living near the Tengri-nor (nam-
mfso); in W. the Turks; hor-zla a Turkish
month.
Note. 6s. has only the second of these
significations, Sch. only the first (the latter
using Cs.'s examples and changing all the
Turks into Mongols!) The suppositions of
Latham seem still less consistent with the
real state of the case.
hor-fcons Sch.: deficiencies, gaps;
separation' (?).
hor- dra Sch.: 'confiscation, hdr-
Odra bdbs-pa to confiscate'
(?).
hor-pa wood-grouse or cock of the
wood Sch., hor-pa dkdr-po aspecies
of hawk Sch. (?).
hol-hol W. soft, loose, light,as the
Soil in spring, *hol tdn-ce, hol-te
bor-ce* to break up, to loosen (the soil).
Kcn-q- hrdg-pa 1. vb., to require more and
more, to covetincessantly Ma., W.
2. sbst., adj. hardness, hard 6s.
Kr'H' hrdn-ba \. alone, cf. ran, *tfa*an~irdn-
la yon son* I came alone6'., p'o-hrdn,
mo-hrdn single man and woman, = po-rdn
etc. 6'. 2. with dinar preceding, naked 6'.
hrdd-pa I. to thrust, to push violently,
to Stem firmly, *kdn-pa sig-pa-la* W.
to stem the foot against the wall. 2. to
scratch, sgo-la pyag-hrdd-pa Oga mdzdd-pa
(his Reverence) made several scratchings
with his hand, scratched several times, at
the door Mil. 3. to exert one's self, to
make every effort W., *srdd-can zum-ce or
tdn-ce* id. W.
hrab-hrib C. **rab-ba-srib-be* Ld.,
v. rab-rib.
hrdl-ba to rend, tear up, tear to pieces
e.g.of a beast of prey : to tear up a
person's body; *sral son* he has torn it to
pieces 6'., W, hral-hrdl Lex.
re- hri Cs.: 'Ssk. essence, substance; a niys-"*
tical word'.
hrig W. *srig-la tdn-ce, srig-ga tdn-ce*
to hang (a thief), **rig-la si-ce* to hang
one's self.
hrig-pa Cs., mig (or resp. spyan)
hrig -hrig byed-pa orOdug -pa, (==
rig-rig},to look this way and that, hither
and thither Mil.nt.; hrig-ge-ba looking in
that manner Thgr.
^V- hrid; S.g.; rnd-ba hrid Jbyar is ex-
"^ '
plained by Wdn. : rnd-ba Ihdg-pa
pyogs-su byar the ear leans feebly on the
neck, as a sign of death.
hril-po
1-
round, globular,hril-hril
byed-pa to wrrithe with pain, hril-
hril kar-kdr byed-pa to be writhing, and
then again stretching one's self or starting
up Pth. -- 2. whole, fse hril-por for the
whole life Glr., mgo hril -gyis ytum
- nas
wrapping up his whole head Glr. 3. close,
dense, hrilOdus-te
Odug-pa to sit or stand
close together in rows MiL, C., W. Cf.
ril-ba.
hriid-pa adj. and abstract noun,
rough, rugged; severe, austere; rough-
ness etc.; hrud-po adj. id. 6s.
krum-pa to break, to smash Sch.
hrul-baadj.
and abstr. sbst. ragged,
tattered; raggedness, hrul-bai dug-
po a ragged coat Mil.; hrul-po id., gos hrul-
poDzl and elsewh.
frq.
2. sbst. :
rags,
tatters, gos-su hrul-po gyon-pa to put on
rags for a garment Pth.; hrul-Kan a ruin,
ruins Sch.
hrem-pa swollen Sch., hrem-me id.
Mng.
oi lha, Ssk. ^^,1. the first class of beings
1
subjectto metempsychosis, the gods,both
those of Brahminical mythology, and the
various national and local
gods,with whom
Buddhism came in contact. These local gods
were incorporated into the system of Bud-
dhism, when they were found to be too
numerous and too much endeared to the
people, to be entirely discarded and given
up; so, most of them are worshipped even
nowadays and presented with various offer-
ings. They are also supposed to enjoy a
'98~ lha
af. 1101' I. Carmcdy: a Mongol /wr jin-gin., .... /lan tlie Mongol Djingiskhno; Iwr-sb'
Silara Sharoigl,ol n. of n )foogol triLeGlr.;
hdr-yul MOII,Qolia. - 2. l i t present: in C. the
people living nea.r the Tengri-1Wr (illlun.
mtsc); in W. the Turks; luJr-zla a Turkish
month.
Note. (,8. has only the second of these
significations, Seh. only the first (tbtl laUer
using C,. '3 examples and changing all the
Turks into Mongols!) The suppositions of
Latham seem still less consistCllt with the
real state of the cn.se.
~ : F ~ ~ ' hor-lin,is Se/I.: deficiencies, gaps;separation' (1).
~ . ~ . Itdr.¢dra Sck: 'confiscation, lwrodra bJbs-pa to confiscate' (?).
~ ' . q ' 1I61'"1'a wood-grouse or cock of thewood Seh., Mr-[XJ dkur.po n species
of hawk &h. (?).
1 ~ ~ . . f I l Q ' : - / ~ l lV. ~ o f t , loose, light, as the
g011 10 Spnng, -hot td,j·te, fldl-teoor-M'to break op, 10 loosen (the soil).
~ : !wo.g-pa 1. vb., to require more and
more, to covet incessantly Ma., II:
- 2. sbet., adj. hardness, hard (s.
I:ff:::r hro.li-ba 1. alone, d. rati, -;ra,j-lro.Ji_
la yo,; SQlj-1 came alone G, ~ h r o . l i .1IlQ-ltro.Ji single !Dan and wOlDan, .,. llo-"/hi
elc. C. - 2. with dlllar preceding, naked G
~ ' . q ' !wdd-pa 1. to thrust, to push violently,
to stem finnly, -kd,i_pa 3ig-pa-lu- W.
to slern the foot against the wall. - 2. to
scratch, sUO-la hag-IO'lid-pa ofIa md::dd-pa(his Reverence) made ~ e l ' e m l s c r a t c h i l ' l g ~with his hand, scratched se\'eral times, at
the door Mil. - 3. to exert one's self, to
make every effort n ~ -ti"dd-can zUlIl-a or
to.Ji-U' id. W:~ . ~ . !Irab-!Irib C. -.l'a&-ba-;,·ib-lHl" Ld.,
-V ' -v' \'. I'M-rib.
~ . . : j ' . q ' lwdl-ba to rend, tear up, tear to pieces
e.g. of a bellst of prey: to tear up aperson's body; -;;ral80li- he has toro it 10
pieces c., W, hral-!mn Lu.
~ !lri 0.: '&k. essence, s u b ~ t a n c e ; a mysticlIl word'.
~ Illig lV. -irig.la tdn-Ce, ir(q-ga tdJi-fe
to hang (n. thief), -:I'ig-la fi-M' to hang
one's sclf.
~ . q ' Jlffg-pa a., mig (or resp. 8p1Jail)
'mg-Iwig b!Jid-pa or odug-pu, (=rig-rig), to look this way nod that, hither
aDd thither Mil. nt.; Inig-ge-ba looking ill
that manoer 'i'llfl'".
~ _ Itrid; 8.g.; 1"1111-ba l,rid o"yar is ex
:vl plailled by Wwi.: rnd _ba Illo.g pa
py6g8-8U "!jar the ear leans feelily Oil thl.'
neck, as a sign of death.
~ ' ~ r ' fhril-po
l .round, globular, hril-krilb!JCd-pa to writhe with pain, lln'l
l,dl kar-/.·dr "yixl-pa to be writhing, and
then again stretebing o n ~ ' s self or starting
ul' PIll. - 2. whole, (51' lnil_por for the
who11' life Gl,.., lIJ!}Q 1Irll- !llIis ftilln - 110il
wNlpping ulI b i wllole head Glr. - 3. close,
dense, ',nl odus-le odug-pa to sit or stand
close togcther in rows Mil., C., IV. Cf.
ril-bu.~ ' = . J ' Imid - pa lIdj. and a l l ~ t r a c t nouo,..", rough, rugged; severe, austere; rough.
ness etc.; Iwud_po adj. id. Ct.
~ ' . q ' ',rum-p« to break, to smash Sdl.
"'':./',::r ',,"ul-ba adj. aod llustr. sust. ragged,
tattered; raggedness, 100ul-bai il/lg
po a rllgged coatMil.; Ill'ul-po id., gfJ8 11I'1Il
po D::l. lind eiseli'll. frq. - 2. sllst.: rags.
tatters, yOs-su Iwul-po 9yJII-pa to put on
rags for a j:tarment 1'rk; IlrUl-MaJi a ruiu,
ruins Belt.
~ ; : r : f Iwilll-pa swollen Seh., J,rem-me id.
M,ig.
r,;!" lha, &k. ~ ~ L the first elMS of beings
'<) subjectto metempsychosis, the gods,both
those of Brahmillical m}'ulOlogy, and the
various national and local gods, with w!lomBuddhism cume in contact. These locnl gods
were incorporated inw the system of Bud
dhism, when they were fnuud to be too
numerous lind too much endeared to the
people, to be entirely discardedund given
up; so, most of them nrc worshipped evell
nowadays aod presented with various offer
ings. They are also supposed to enjo)' a
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II,,,
l)li>stul (\i-tence (hemr: tlt'-ri/i llni-yi 111/1-
1/iu xtir 'tliis day \\a> ;i day of happUMMto me' Glf., :in<l .-imilar r\|nvii>n>. are of
fr<|.otviiin nee; v. also lha-i/ul)
and to be
possessedof qualities and
capacities superior
to those of ordinary human beings. Never-
t lido.-, \\lini compared with any Buddhist
saint, they are considered to be of inferior
rank and power; and a local(
lha can never
attain to Buddhasliip, without having pre-
viously u-sumed the nature of man; v.Kopp.
I, 122. 248. II, 2965. lhai bu or sras, bu-mo
or srds-wio descendant from the gods, son
or daughter of the gods Dzl. and elsewh.;
Uia mi fob-pa to obtain the birth as a god
or as man Thgy.; lhai yi-ge the Lantsa-
letters, v. tan-tsa; lhaObdb-pa the (mystical)
entering of adeity into a human being, in-
spiration, so that the person inspired pro-
nounces the oracles of the god, lha zugs-pa
id. pop. ;also : the person thus inspired ;
lha
ni Kyab-Jjiig-la mos as for
gods, they
wor-
shipped Vishnu Pth., lha md-mo-la byed they
worshipped the Mamo as a 'lha' Pth.; lhai
dbdii-po, lha-bddg,=
brgya-byin Iridra; in
another sense : lhai rgydl-po byed-pa to make
the gods subject to one's self, (said to be
the blessed consequence of a certain charm)
Do.; the following gods are occasionally
mentioned : ndm - mkai lha thedeity of
heavenTar.',
that of theseuDzl.;
thegods
of trees, of houses etc.; dgrd-lha and po-lha
are two personal gods of every human in-
dividual, the one being the god of the right
side, the other of the left side of his body
Glr., Mil. ; yi-tlam-lha v. yi-dam. 2. the
image of a god, in as much as it is really
thought to be inhabited by adeity, after
having been duly inaugurated (rub-tu ynds-
pa) Glr.; the local '/Aa' are not alwaysrepresented by figures resembling human
beings, but even by sticks, stones and simi-
lar fetishes; gods also of non-Buddhist na-
tions are called 'lha and are acknowledged
as such. 3.fig.
: ///// lha a king Mil., and
hence 'lha' is often used in addressing a
king, like the French Sire! Iha-^rgyal-yab-
yum the royal father and mother Pth.; t/i-
y
i/ilha the lord of Inrds. \\u- supreme being,
Buddha ' *.
Comp. l/m-l.-'i/t an idol-shrine, -lha-ycig
U dear Sir! dear Lord and King! l*tl,
princess Glr. - lh<t -!'<<'<m a princess /'///.
Ilin-'n'n a great and mighty deity. Ihd-
cos v. cos no. 2. -Ilid-r/f physician \\'<l/i.
lha-rten image or temple of a god or of
the gods. lha-fo (prob. for lhai to-y&r)
heaps of stones, erected on mountain passes
or on the tops of mountains. -- lha- dre
gods and goblins, lha kluOdre srin ydug-
pa mail Glr. 2. goblin, hobgoblin; *ltid-c<lre-
ber-ka* mullein (Verbascum) Lh.; *ldn-(le
non soil* W. I have had the night-mare.
///d-sde, mi-sde the class of the gods, the
class of men. lha-ndd Sch.: hysterics;
madness. lha-pydg honours shown to the
'//*', worship paid to them, pyogs bzir Iha-
pyc'ig mdn-po btsdl-te bowing towards the
tour points of the compass in token of re-
verence to the 'lha Pfh., often
only:
com-
pliments, kind regards, offered to respected
persons, in letters. lha-pyi n. of a moun-
tain in the south of Tibet Mil. lha-prug
a descendant from the gods, child of the
gods; as a mask Schl. 235. lha-prdn
inferior deities. - - Iha-brit-mlcan or -pa a
painter of gods. lha-Jbdns Tar.; Schf.:
slaves (doing service) in temples. lha-ma-
yin, lha-inin, ^rapr;,one of the six cla
of beings, living on the slopes of the Sumeru
below the(
lha' against whom, like Titans,
they are continually fighting; also Iha-ma-
yin-mo are mentioned. lha-ma-srin gods,
Asuras and Rukshasas, or perh. also: Iha-
iim-srin sde brgyad the eight classes of the
gods, Asuras, Rakshasas etc., i.e. the whole
world ofspirits.
Ihd-mo goddess. Um-
//Hi-rtd Sch.: a certain insect. Ihd-bzo1. the art of making images of gods 7V/<.
2. also lha-bzo-bo a fran?er of gods Glr. -
t/i<i-i(nl l. the region of the world where
the gods reside, the heaven, seat or abode
of the gods. 2. fig.: a blessed country, a
paradise.Ihd-sa (in early times Uia-lddn)
Sch.,K6pp. 11,332, n. of the capital of Tibet.
lha-srin gods and Kaksbasas; ste/'t Ilia-
ef' 11m
hlissful e x i ~ t e o c e (Ilence: dt:"riii llHJ-,lfi "!Ii.
III/I Jar ' t i l is dlly \ \US R day of hlll'llioC8S
to me' Glr" lotI t>imilar ~ l ( I J r e s s i o n s are of
fnl' O('curr('nce; \', also Iha.!I'll) nnd to be
possessed of Illlulities llntl cajll\Citiessuperiorto tllo!:ie of ordillliry humlln beings. Never
thl"le,;s, wilen compared with any Buddhist
Silint, the)' are considered to bo of inferior
rank aod power; and nlocnl 'lila' CIID never
H.tlain to BuddlLasllilJ, without Imving pre
v i o u ~ l ) ' nssumed the nature of mUll; 'I , K8J"1J1.
J, 12:!. 248. 11,296. lIwi bu or ,rus, bU.mo
or M'U_to d e . ~ c e n d l l l l l from tILe g o d ~ , son
01' daughter of the gods D::L Iwd elsewh.;
Ma mi f6b--pa to obtain the birth as n god
or llS mon Thg!J.; lIlai yi-ge the Lantsa-
letters, v. 1U1l.-ua; ina i}(jb-pa the (mY!:iticnl)
euterillg of n deity into ll. human being, in.
spiration, so thut the pel'son insl,ilell l 'ro
nounees the oracles of the god, lila U'!Js-pu
id. pop.; also; the person thus inspired; lila
ni Illlub-Jug.lu 11103 AS for gods, they wor
shipped Vishnu 1-'tII"lJw md-m(}o-la b!Jtd. the)'
worsbippcd the Mnmo as n'llla' J'tII,; lIwi
dlxiii-po, lJw.lxWy, = blY/9a-b!jilj Jndrl l; in
anotherscusc: lJu.li 1'!J9ul-po b!Jed-pa to mnke
the gods subject to one's self, (said to Ill,'
the blessed consequen"e of 11 certuin charm)
D<>.; the following gOI!s ore occnsioually
mentioned: JuiJll_mkal (I.a the deity of
heaven Tal',; that of the s ( ' , ~ D z l , ; tlle godsof troos, of bonses etc.; dgra-lAa nnd jHj-lna
llre two Ilel"$Onal gods of every humnn in
dividunl, the one ueing the god of the riA:bt
~ i d e , the other of the left side of his body
Gb·., Mil.; !Ji-dam.Um v, yi-dam. - 1.. the
image of a god, in as much as i is ......11.11)'
tbougbt to be inhabited by a deity, ufter
having been duly inaugurated (nib-fIt )'Tid.!-
pa) Gl,',; tlie local 'lila' arc not alwaysrepresented by figures resembling llUllinn
ueings, hut even by sticks, stones und simi
Inr fetishes; gods also of n o n - B u d d l l i ~ t nR
tions are called '/00' nnd lUI,' acknowh·tlged
11..'1 such. - 3. fig.: mli lim a king Nil., I\nd
hence 'lim' is oftm used in l I d d l ' e s s i a ~ I t
king, like the }'reucll Sire! U , ~ r g y a [ . . . ' I u b _yUill the I'O)'I\! f'lther and IDOlller 1'I1i.; lJuj·
r l
!/" I"a tILe 10rll of 10rlll>, tile suprclue btling,
Buddha G.,
Compo l"a_IM,; an idol·shrine. - I /w-fc iy
I del\r Sir! dellr Lord Md King! Prh, 2.
princess Glr. - IIm-IClim a princen l'lll,-lIw·'Ch1 n great and mighty deity. _lIui._
eo" \', COIl 110, 2, - IIl1i-rje physician min,
lIla'l'thl image or temple of n. god or of
tbe gods. - lIw-f6 (Ilrob, for llIui fo-.'fdr)
heaps of stones, erected on mountain [ll\Sses
or 011 the tops of mountains, - llI11-odre
gods lind goblins, 11m klu odre 1Irjn yduy
lJU mali Gil-. 2, goblin, hobgoblin; - { l . d - ~ d r e .ber-Ira- mlillcin (\"erbnscuro) LIt,; -lJn-(fenon 81')1,- IV, I bave had the nigLt·mare.
l I t d ~ d e , 1 I l ( ~ i J tbe class of tile gods, the
class of men. - lila - nlid &/1.: hysterics;
madness, - llla..y!Juy bonours shown to the
'lIw', worsbip pniu to tbem, l1J0f/3 bJ:lr lIUlJiydy mdli.po bt8l'1l-/iJ bowing towards the
lonr points of the compass ill token of re_
verence to thc 'Ula' 1't'1., often only: com·
pliments, kind regards, offered to respected
perSons, in letters, - lIIu.yyi n. of a moun
tuin io the soutb of Tibet Nil. - lI,a-ftrUy
l \ tlescendnnt from the gods, child of tbe
gods; liS l \ mask ScM. 235, - lila-fran
infelior deities, - U . a - 1 f t i ~ - l I I l l u n or -pa Il.
painter of g o d ~ , - liIa-iHi,il Tar.; &"l:slaves (doing service) in temples. - Ula-lII11
yin, lltu-m(n,' V ~ ,
one oftho.!
six clnsscsof beingll, lil<illg;n the slopes of tbe :: lUll letU
below the 'lila' agl\inst WhOlD, like Titans,
tbey arl'! continually liglliing; /llso llla-1I1lP
ljin-mo arc tnentioued. -lItu·ma-sri,. gods,
Asura.s and l ~ k s l l l \ S . : \ S , or perh. also: Ma-
ma_8rin ¥de b"!ll/ad the eigbt dllSsell of the
gods, A:>ur,lS, K i i k s b : I ~ 1 l l ! etc., i.e. tile wlloleworld of t>pirits. - lJ.d4lw goddess, - Illa
nl(j-rtli &11,: a certain iD»cct, - Md-b::o1. tile art of illaking image;; of gods 1M.
2, lllso U",-b::6-oo n fmOler of gods GIl'.
lhd-!I'd I. the region of the world where
the gods re:>ide, the ht'IWCD, seH.t or abode
of tile gods. 2, fig.: t1. blessed country. H.
Jlurndise. -1Jul.-sa (in elll!y times U w - I d < i , ~ )&h., K8pp.II,:l:l2, n. of the "apital of Tibet.
- Ula-.l'itl ~ o d s Illitl R l t k ~ b l l > , : \ s ; iteJi Ma-
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600
lha-nd'
lhan
srin, j)g kht-ynydn, bar y%i-bddg, are often
mentioned in connexion. lha-srun tutelar
god,, bod-kyi Glr.
lha-nd knee-pan, pus-mo yyds-pai Iha-
nd sd-laOdzug-pa to kneel down on
the right kneefrq. ;
Iha-Kun the bend of
the knee W.
oj-rrIhd-ba AJed. and Pth., ace. to Wdn.
also klad-rgyds,Sch.:'the bloody mar-
row in the bones; whilst he translates rmai
Ihd-ba by : 'the growing worse of a wound'.
ofx- lha-ru Med.\ Sc/i. cartilage (cf. Iha-
'
gar sub lkog-md).
ojcn- lhag 1. more, beyond, *dd-wa cig lag'
son* more than a month has passed W.,
*nyi-ma-pyed lag son* W. it is already past
noon, rgyd-mfso-bas kyan Ihdg-ste as this
alone would be more than the whole sea
DzL; nyi-sus lhag more by twenty S.g.-
2. = Ihdg-ma. Ihdg-pa 1. adj. surpassing,
excelling, superior, Odi-las Ihdg-pai yzan cos
med Dzl. ; nyam-fdg-pa nd-las Ihdg-pa yod-
dam is there any one that is thinner than
I? Dzl.; de-rnams-kyi ndn-nas Ihdg-pa the
best amongst these Glr.', rgya hor ynyis-
las Ihdg-pa ned bod yin we Tibetans surpass
the Chinese and Mongols (in sagacity) Glr.
2. rarely=
lhag-ma: de-las Ihdg-pa the
others, the remaining S.g. 6, 1. de-lhag be-
sides, moreover. Ihdg-par adv. more
(magis) frq., mostly withadj., but also with
verbs, sin-tu Ihdg-par far more; very, ex-
ceedingly, uncommonly, Ihdg-par legs-pa un-
commonly beautiful DzL; ces Ihdg-par ex-
tremely, excessively Stg.; further, further-
more, moreover. Ihdg-ge-ba=
lhag-pa,
Ihdg-ge mdzdd-nas making itproject.
Ihdg-ma 1. remains, scrapings, snar bsad-
pai Ihdg-ma (the letters) which at the last
discussion remained, were left, (unexplain-
ed) Gram.; lha Ihdg-ma-rnams the other,
the remaining gods Stg. ;the remainder, in
subtracting Wdk. --2. razor-stone, razor-
strap Sch. 3. being above, being at the
upper part of, gron the place lying higher
up (the valley), opp. to ^og-ma Dzl.
Comp. lhag-bcas 1. having more than so
and so much, bhd-ra-ta slo-ka ^bum lhag-
bcas the Bharata of more than 100,000 verses
Tar. 2. the gerund in te (ste etc.) Gram.
lhag-mfon 'seeing more' (than other mor-
tals), in certain states of contemplation v.
zi-ynas sub zi.
Ihdg-gis=
Ihah-iier, lhag-gis Ocar
Thgr., byunMil.\ie shines bright,
Ihdg-ge-ba= lhan-ne-ba Mil.
Ihdg-pa I. sbst.,also yza Ihdg-pa
1. Mercury. 2. Wednesday. II. adj.
more excellent, v.lhag.
lhag(s}-pa I. sbst. cold wind, lag-
papog the cold wind has wither-
ed them (the flowers) W.; lo-ysdr Ihdgs-pa
the cold new year'swind Mil. II. vb.,
to come together, to meet, to assemble, with
other persons; perh. also: tojoin,
to be ad-
jacent or contiguous, of houses, beams etc.
ojr*r* lhah-tie, lhan-ne, lham-me, also Ihag-
ge, lam-me, lham-pa clear, distinct,
to the sight as well as to the ear; lhan-he
lham-mer ysal-te (Buddha) appearing clearly
and distinctly Dzl., in a similar sense : Iham-
me lhan-ne lhan-ner bzugs-so Pth.', clear,
sonorous; lf,yi-skad lhan-lhan-pa Mil. the
clear (loud) barking of dogs; Kyod lhan-lhan
glu-len-pa Mil thou clear-voiced songster;
lhan-lhdn brjod-la speaking with a clear,
sonorous voice. 6s. has: majestic, glorious,
sublime, august.
njj" lhad a baser substance mixed with a
finer one, an alloy, Ihad jug-pa orsre-
ba with la, Ihdd-kyis sldd-pa with accus.
Ml, to alloy, adulterate, Ihdd-can adulterated,
e.g.milk
6'.,lhad-med unadulterated, pure,
genuine, real;
il
fsighie" sor* C. or *zug son*
W. spurious words are admixed, falsehoods
have been artfully introduced; pyis Ihdd-
du bcug-pai fsig Tar. a later interpolation.
-2. Bal., *ylad\ fatigued, exhausted.
rijT-lhan together, Ihdn-gyis (when referring
^ '
to the subject of the action), Ihdn-nas
(as ablative case), Ihdn-du (the most frq.
form) with one another, together, lhan-fcig
(-tu\ and often lhan-cig(-tu}id.: bdag dan
lhan-ycig zan mi zd-na if you will not eat
together with me DzL, rta bcus Ihdn-du
rgyugs-pa ltd-bui sgra a noise as if ten
600
~ ' C : : ' lila-tid
"8r111, cog kbl.j7lyan, bar rH-I.xlug, are often
mentioned in connexioD. - l I l « ~ l ' i t t i tutelar
god, Md-k!li GIl'.'in:.. llla-lia knee-pan, pia-rna ryth-pai l h .., 'lid 8d-la ¢dzl'[l-pa to kncd down onthe right knee frq.; lJ,a.I.."Uit the bend of
the knee W
sr.::r· lM.-ba Jled. and Ptlt., ace. tu IVa,i..., also klad-ry!!tn, Sell.: 'the bloody milr
row in the bones; whilst he translatesrmai
Uui-ba by: 'the growing worse ofa woutld'.
~ ~ lha-I-It .Med.; Sell. cartilage (cf. 1ho.-
gdr sub lkOg-ma).
~ : t ] . Mag J. more, beyond, *dri-wa ely la!!'" so,,· morc tban a mOllth hns passed W:,*ll!Ji.ma..pF lag wJi* n it is already rustnoon, 1'!1ya-.rllf,o-IHl8 kyali lM,'1-8fe as t!.tis
alone would be more dum the wbole sen
Dzl.; nyi-AWl Mag more by twenty S'9- 2.... [hdg-ma. - lhdp-pa I. adj. surpassing.
excelling, superior, odi-Ias lhuS-pal' ytan ["Of
1Md D::l.; nyam_fay-pa lid-las Mag-pa y d d ~d4m is there an}' one t h a ~ is thinner than.l? Dzl.; di-mam....kyi ndli-nas thag-pa the
h c s ~ amongst these Glr.; rg,Yu hor rn!Ji8
l ( J J l l l l l i g ~ Mel hod gin we l'ibetllns s u q , a ~ ~the Chinese and Mongols (in sagllcity) Glr.2. rarely _ lIHig-lfIa: di-la8 {luig-pa tbe
otbers, the remaining S.g. 6, 1. rJe.lhug be
sides, moreover. - lhdg- par udv. more
(mng-is) frq., mostly witb adj., but also wilh
verbs, Sin_til. lllarrpul' far more; very, ex
ceedingly, uncommonly, lhdg-par li!p-pa un-
(:ommonly beautiful D::l.; loa {liag-par ex.
tremely, exces..«ivel}' Sty.; further, lurtl.er
morc, 11lO!"eO\'er. {luig-ge-ba = lhay-pa,
lluig-ge mdztid-nas muking i\ pl"Oject.
lhdy-mu 1. remains, scrapings, 8liar hSw:l
pai lhdg-ma (the letters) which at tbe !lISt
discussion rCluained, wele left., (unexplain
ed) Gram.; Ma {luig.ma-J·UtWI8 lbe other,
the remaining- gods Sty.; the remainder, in
subtracting Wdk. 2. razor-slone, razor
strap &h. - 3. being ubo\'c, being at the
upper part of, !JTVi' the plnce IJing h i ~ h e rup (the valley), opp. to ~ Q g - m a D;l.
Compo lhag-Uus 1. having mol'(! llian lIO
lIud so much, bhli-ra--ta ~ W · k a JNt l l lIlag.
e . , ~ . lhan
lX:lUthe Bharata ofmore than 100,000 \'ersesTar. t. tlie gC1'und ill Ie (ste etc.) Gram,
- {llUfj-mfoJi ' ~ e i n g more' (th:m other mor
tals), in celinin states of cOlltemplntion v.
N-ynas sub Zi.r : , = l ' j ' ~ ~ ' IMg-gil.f = lhun-ner, Iha!HJi8 ¢lar
Tltgr.,¢b1JllljMil. be shine» bright,IMg-gt-ba _ lhali-lie-ba Nil.
S!=l'j'':f' Uuig_pa I. sbst., also rzu lIuirrpa.., J. Mercury. 2. Wednesday. - lJ, adj.more excellent, v, llUlfl.
~ 9 ( ~ ) - . : r IIwg(s)-pa I. sbst. cold wind,My-pa jog the colo wind has wither
ed them (the flowers) W.; lo-)'SUI' Mdg8-po..the cold new ycnr's wind ~ l 1 i l . - II. \'b.,
to come together, to meet, to assemble, witlt
other persons; perL., also: to join, to be ad
jacent or contiguous, of houscs, beams etc.
~ c ...2: Mali-lit, lJlI1,1l.ne, lham-me, also lharrgt, lalli-nit, lham.pa clear, distinct,
to the sight :1S well as to tbe ear; tha,i-ilt
IIwm-1IIt1' fsal-u (Buddha) appearingc1earl}'
and distinctlyDzl.,in a similar sense: /}Iam
me lIla/j-lie Man-nil' b!:;ugS-8Q I'tl,.; clear,
sonorous; A'1Ji -8kad MWi-lI'ali-pa Mil, the
c1car (loud) barking of dogs; ll!]Qd.llw.iI-lhali
gbi,-kn-pa Mil thou c1eJ.r-voiced songster;
l/lail-Mdl; br)6d-la spenking with a clear,
sonorous voice, - Ct, has: majestic, glorious,
sublime, august.
r : : . l ~ ' lJoud a bnser substance mixed with lI.
.;; finer one, an alloy, lliad"jurrpa or Sl'e
1m wilh la, 1IIdd-k!Jis sldd-pa with accus.
Mil., to atloY,adullerate, l/uid-ixtn adulterated,
e.g. milk G, Mad-mAl unadulterated, pure,
genuine, real; · ( I . f i ! l ' ~ ' io'" C. or -Zug 801;-
W: llpurioul:i words are admixed, falsehoods
Illwe been artfully introduced; 1 ~ y i 3 lhdd
du. bi:Ug-pai (sig Tar. a later interpolation.
- 2. Bal., -fwd", fatigued, exhai/Sted,
r : , ~ - lJlan togetlier, l J l I i n - g l J ~ (wben referringto lhc subject of the action), thdn-n{l.8
(ns ahlative case), lIuin-du (tbe most frq.
form) wilh one anotlier, togetlier, than-rHg
(.tv.), and often Man-Cig(-tu) id.:-bilagdan
Man-rHy zan mi za-na if you will not eat
together with me D::l., rta /.K;u8 l/uin-dll
rgyuga-pa lta-bu.i 3[/I'U u noise liS if Uln
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lhdn-pa
horses were trotting together (Hi-.; rfd-/r
/>r</i/n dait {/nitt-dti accompanied by a hund-
red men on horn-hack (Sir.; lining- clff)-
^.'/'s(-/"0 born together with, e.g. the V/m'
or',///' bum together with every human
being MIL; t/Hiti-x/w* -mid, runt a heredi-
tary disease or defect Med. lhan-rgyds 1.
'partner of the seal', i.e. a colleague using
the same seal in official business (Ihan-
yy///</.s-//// fi'-tse, or spyi-ddvri). 2. = l/tan-
;r/V/, *hlen-gy<j-la fsog or zuy* they have
come together.
Ihdn-pa I. vb., to join, to unite, *#a
Idn-ce* W. to kiss, *'M Idn-ce* id. resp.
II. sbst. 1. a patch, l/tdn-pas kldn-pa 7?.,
*hlcm-pa gydg-pa* C.} *gydb-ce* W.
} Odcbs-
pa, rddb-pa Mil. to patch, mend. 2. spot,
speck, blot, place differently coloured, ^od-
:/'T x(ir-ci/il/tdn-pa bzin-du a sunbeam form-
ing by reflection a bright spot Dzl.; Ihan-
fdbs appendix, supplement, title of a medical
book.
ojn*^jn*ZT lhab-lhdb-pa, lhabs-se IhabsSch.:
'to flutter to and fro, to glimmer,
glisten (?).
lhab-lhub wide, flowing, dar-ber
lhab-lhub a wide silk cloak; prob.
also sbst.: the moving to and fro, waving, me-
tog-gi of flowers Z)o., *1dab-hlub-tu sol* C.
loosen your dress! make yourself comfort-
able!
am- lham boot, also shoe; mcil-lham id.;
rgyd-lham a Chinese boot, sog-lham a
Mongol boot.
Comp. l/iam-skudt\v'me, used by shoe-
makers Schr. Iham-Kan-cen (prob. a Chi-
nese word) strong Chinese boots C. Ihdm-
mkan shoemaker Sclir. lham-sgrog shoe-
strap, latchet; string for lacing felt-leggings.
lliam-mfil boot-sole. Iham-yii leg of
a bootC's.,
lham yu-rw boots with long legs
Sch. Sch.: lham-krdd or -skrdd pieces
of leather, used for the patching of soles;
lham-gdg worn-out boots; Iham-^rdm the
upper-leather, the vamp; lham sgrd-yu-can
buskins; lham yu-cdd a sort of slippers to
which cotton leggings are sewed (?); rti/l-
Iham quarter-piece (of a shoe).
601
lli<iinx-ki/ix at once, all, every
thing Scli. ( T. ///- in.
lhas(-ma) 1. pen, fold, inclosure
for sheep C., W.; also W-m*.2. also l/i<'s(-ma) braid; wicker-work; texture;
also ofpastry, twisted cake or bun, cracknel
(W. *Zim-zag*}, also l/uts-i/ty.
Ihas-bstdn n. of the birth-place
of the mother of Buddha, ,sV,-.
Ihds-pa v. under slc-ba.
aj^T-^y' lhas-byin, g^g'-rT, n. of a cousin
T of Buddha who, as the legends
have it, was continually annoying Buddha
by malicious artifices, whereby, however,
the blameless character of the latter showed
itself but the more conspicuously; hence
proverbially used for any malicious character
Cs.
ojr* Ihin, cf. lins-pa] Ihiii - skrdn Sch. : a
tumor filled with matter, an abscess,
Ihlit-rtsa a full vein; Ihin cdd-pa Lt.}ace.
to Sch. : completely separated.
nj-Ihu part, portion of the body of an animal,
^, = Azug, Ihu-fsigs bcu-ynyis Sch.: the
12 chief parts (of an animal) resulting from
this way of dividing it, but elsewhere
18 such partsare mentioned; Uiu-i'u ysil-ba
todivide,
to
parcelout
Mil;share in
plough-land, v. sub spyod-pa I, 2.
'
Ihug v. Idug-pa to pour Cs.
lhvg-pa, Cs. : 'Ihuy-pa and Ihiig-ma
prose ]llmg-powide, diffuse, luxurious,
gos Ihug-lhug-poa very ample robe; UHKJ-
par amply, copiously, plentifully; ///*///-/w
smra-ba to speak diffusely, copiously, to
speak in prose'. Sch. adds: 'llnigs successive,
continuous; Ihugs-fsig and Ihug-pa conti-
nuousprose'.
The principal meaning, how-
ever, seems to be: uninterrupted, having no
gaps; unreserved; Ihug-par bsdd-pa=
spas-
ysdn-med-par bsdd-pa to explain completely,
without omitting any thing, *hig td/i-cc* Ld.
to give unreservedly, without limitation;
hence also: liberally, plentifully;met -ma
38*
~ = IIlfin-liu
horses were trotting together Gfr.; I'M-I/a
bry!Ja da'i 1I1f11l-drl flCCOlllllftllieJ by Il.IIIJJl(I
red luen 011 horsebftek Gfr.; IIWII(-i:lfJ)
J.:Jjrs(-IIlI) born together with, e.g, the 'fila'
or '"dre' boro together with every lLllm1\n
being Mil.; f l l a l l ~ k ! l r , 111la, T i l / a l \ lleredi
tary JiscftSe or defect Mtd IhUlI-"gYU8 I.
'plll'lnel' of the sCAI', i.e. n colleague using
the Sll.!ue seal in official b u ~ i n e s s (fl,ml
IYlIri.!-I'!Ji f,J-fu, or 'pyi-llriltl). 2, _ 11,(1/1
J't'i!J, -"ltn-g!l/-Ia fwg or Z/lrt they bo.ve
come togetber.
1io!C)"=r V u i l ~ p a I. vb., to join, to unite, -Ca
" ltin-te" IV, to kiss, -'tt ltin-te- it!. rcsp.
IT, sbst. 1. a patch, Mdn-lIu, Hun-pa 11.,
-/dim-pa !lydg-pa- C., -g!Jdb-ttl- Jv., "dCln
lJa, rdrib-pa Mil. to patch, mend, - 2. spot,
speck, blot, plnce differently coloured, ~ ( ) ( l :er"d,..tili lIuill-pa bzin-du a sunbco.m form
iog by reflection a bright spot D:f.; IIlIln
frib, appendix, supplement, title of II. medical
book.
g:;r'l'.q'=f 1I1ab-ll.db-pa, {/UJM-U ZhabsSel..:. . , . . , 'to llutter to nnd fro, to glimmer,
glisten' (?).
r.::':r;;'.q' l h a b ~ Y , i l b wide, flowing, Jar-ber
lImb-IIuib a wide silk cloak; prob.
also sbst.: themo\-wg totlndlIo, wnviog,1/Ie-
tog-ffi of llowers Do., -Mab·Mub-tlt w l C.
loosen )'our dress! make yourself comfort
liNe!~ lIwm boot, nlso shoe; mRZ-lJwm ill.;
" ''[I!Jd-llw/ll II. Chinese boot., ,dg-illam ll.
Moogol boot.
Compo l f l a m ~ u : u d twine, used by shoe
makers &llr, -lIlam-iUl;-'t1n (prob. \l. Chi
nese word) strong Chinese boots C. -{ham
tnJ.'ali shoemnker ScI".. -lIwm-wrOrJ shoe
strnp, Intehet; striog for lACing felt-leggings.
- U,am-m(il boot-sole. - l l , a r f ~ ! J l i leg of1\ boot Ca., l/,mll yu-t1li boots with long legs
Sell. - Scl,.: I I l O m ~ k " d d or ~ d : , . d d pieces
of lenther, used for tlie pntehing of soles;
l/Iam-gd{) worn-out boots; l/wl/l-o!JI'al/l the
u[lper-leatber, tbe vnrup; 1I1Clm 1IfII-o"fI'll·twl
buskins; flwm yu-crid 1\ sort of slippers to
which OOtlOIl leggiogs Me sewed (?); ,·thi
l/wm q u a r t e r ~ p i e c e (of a shoe).
GOI
~ 1 9 ' = r lI,uY-ZJa
' i ! ~ ~ ~ ~ U,am,-lyi. at once, llll, e\'cry.., tiling Sel,. Cf. fllf''I1I.
~ ' ~ r ( ~ ' ) lluu(-ma) 1. pen, fold, inclo$urcfor sheep c., IV.; also -/./1-1"1."-'
2. also iIlh(-ma) braid; wicker·work; texture;
ahlO of pltstry, twisted cake or bun, cracknel
(W. -zi/ll-::ar!), also llwMdg.
~ ' ~ . q ~ < ) IIws-/J$tdu n. of the birth-plACe., of the mother of nuddlm
lS8k.
~ " ' Z ; l ~ ' . q . IM4-pa Y. under , t U a .
r . : : , ~ · S o i ' f1Uls-b!Jin, ~ n. of l \ cousinof Buddha who, as the legends
havc it, WI'S coutinually nnoo)'ing Duddhn
by malicious artifices, whereby, howe\'er,
the blameless charneter of the lattcr slJOwed
itself but the more conspicuously; lIenee
!>roverbiaUy used for lUly mo.licious chamcter
G.
~ 1 : : : l I I i 1 j , c£.lbi,-pa; llti,i-,h·anSc/.,: 1\
.:;; tumor filled with wntter, an abscess,lIdli·rt8a a full vein; lllili (rid-pa Lt., 3CC.
to Sell.: completely sepamted.
~ . l h u part, portion of tile body of an animal,
...., - t zug, fllU-fBig, bi:u-rnyi8 Sell.: the
12 chief parts (of an nnimal) resulting from
this way i)f dividiug it, - but elsewhere
18 such parts are mentiooed; l/IU-ru r81'l-ba
to di\'ide, to parcel outlJ/il.; share in plough
lnod, V. sub 'pyoJ-pa I, 2.
~ ' : q - Zhug v, l d u g ~ p a to pour C8.
f:.!:rr.q' Ullig-pa, C,.: 'lImg-pa "nd 1I,ug-ma'1 prose; ll.1l!J-Jlowide, diffuse, luxurious,
goo IIwy-Mug-po a very ample robe; l/lugliar amply, copiously, plentifully; u,llg_plir
.mra-ba to speak diffusely, copiously, to
speak in prose'. Sell. tHlds: 'lImguueccssi\'e,continuous; IImf!'-(8ig nud lIlUg-pa conti
nuous prose'. The principal mctlning, how
ever, seems to be: uninterrupted, having no
gaps; unreserved; ZMg-IlClfUad-pa - '/M'
Y8uli-nud-par Udd-pa toexplaincompletcly,
withoutomittiog any thing, -/II!, Mn-u- L/.
to give unresen'edly, without limitatioll;
hence also: liberally, plentifully; 'I1Ici-lIIa
'"
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602
Ihun-ba '^I" lhon-pa
Ihug-par sor or byun Mil., tears were flow-
ing abundantly. In some other passages
the meaning of Ihug-pa is not quite clear.
ojr'n"Ihun-ba, pf.
of ltun-ba; Ihun Ihun
^, snydn-pai sgra sgrog- cifi
Obdb-bo
sweetly murmuring (the gentle stream) de-
scends Mil.
oj-q=gr' Ihun-bzed, ^.fqu^Ml^, the alms-
' bowl of Buddha and of the mendi-
cant friars.
njj.Ihun mass, bulk, Ihun-can massy, bulky;
^>'
well-fed, *lun-fug-po* W., Ihun-ce-ba
very large; Ihun-(gyis)grub(-pa)
ace. to
Cs. : 'formed in mass, or all at once', self-
created, not contrived byhuman labour; bgo-
ba dan bzd-ba Ihun-gyis grub-pas clothes and
food coming forth of themselves DzL; also
used ofpalaces, sacred buildings, images,
though in such instances often only by wayof compliment; Ihun-grub is also noun per-
sonal.Ihun-po, ri-rab-lhun-po the moun-
tain of the universe, Meru,Sumeru, frq.
Ihun-
stugSch., Ihun-fug Thgy. very great, in refer-
ence to the mental darknessproduced by sin;
prob. also: considerable, sublime, grand.
tib-pa 1. sbst, width, lhub-pa-can
Cs., yan(s)-hlub, hlub-hlub W., C.
wide, of clothes. 2. vb.: to bind, tie, fasten,
e.g. ornaments to the ear Ts.,=
klub-pa.
gf&WHiUms
>res
P-for mnal the womb
frq.,
Ihums-su ziigs-pai dus-mcod sacrifi-
cial festival of the conception (of Buddha)Sch,
Utur, with len-pa or byed-pa c. ace.
to apply one's self to, bestow pains upon,=
don-ynyer byed-pa Dzl. and elsewh.
!' Ihe-ba v. sle-ba.
ajr' llien Cs. 'filth or dross in the bowels,^
.1
causing obstruction';ace.
to others:internal excrescences, v. skran
;Sch. : Ihen
or Ihen-sndpit of the heart.
ojq.Uteb, dbugs Iheb-llieb-tu
Odug-pa Pih.
*'ug leb leb jhed-de* C. gasping for
breath.
ofcq.Ihem now, at present, directly, instantly
C.;all (of them) cf. lhams.
a Ihds-ma 2;also : the act
of twisting, plaiting, *hU-ma gydb-
pa* C. to twist, to plait.
o^Iho
south,Iho-nub
south-west, sar-lho^south-east; Ihor, llio -pyogs-su to the
south, towards the south; Uto-fta prob.=
//<o;
lho-/'a mon-nas^nsMil. they came from the
Mon in the south; lho-pa, Iho-Jbrug-pa an
inhabitant of Bhotan; Iho-yul ace. to Cunn.
the original form of the name of that pro-
vince which is now called Llihul or Lahol
by the Hindoos, and Lahoul by the English;
Iho-bur Sch. (also Iho-^u-ma), = Kug-rna.
lhog-pa, glog-pa Cs. a large ulcer or
sore, Sch,: carbuncle, anthrax, sbyon-
ba to cureit;
in Med. also nya-lhog and
gag-lhog are mentioned. According to the
description, however, which Tibetan phy-
sicians gave us of the lhog-pa, it seems to
denote a cancerous ulcer, against which they
employ the Aconitum ferox of Nepal, or in
default of it some other species of aconite.
llioh Sch. vexation, anger, wrath(?);
but: 'Ihon sor he has lost the Uton\ is
said of one who was not equal to the exer-
tions of incessant meditation, and who in
consequence has lost his senses, v. sub
smyon-pa.
o^r-^r lhod-pa, glod-pa, lod-pa or -po} Ihod,
Ihod-po1.
loose, relaxed, unstrung,slackened, yan-ldg of the limbs, e.g. when
death approaches S.g. , *zug-po Ud-po cd-
na* W. when one gets tired (one cannot
help yawning). lhod-pa sgrim-pa to tighten
what is loose, Ihod Ihod ytoh-ba to slacken;
fig. *'6-maI6d-po* W. the milk begins to
fail, milk is scarce. 2. of the mind: easy,
careless, unconcerned, Ihod-de nyol cig sleep
well!
sleep soundly! Glr.\bio Ihod
gyis-lasod relate the matter calmly, coolly Mil.;
ses-pa Ihod-cin in good spirits,of a cheer-
ful temper Pth.; tabssig yod-kyi rgyal-po
fugs Ihod mdzod there is yet a help ;there-
fore, o king, be of good cheer! 1'tli.
Ihon-pa, glon-pa to return, to giveor
pay back Cs.
l/!.ufrjW,·lol' or bllwi Mil., lears were flow
ing nbundantl)'. - In some other rnssnges
tllC mCllning of lMo-pa is not quite clenr.
r : T ~ · . q · IIlit/i-ba, £If. of If!iil-ba; 1I1wi ll/wi
8nllun-pai 8flra 89"00-1:;,i /Jdb-boI\wectly murmuring (the gentle stream) de
scends Mil.
s , 1 l : : : . q ~ ~ . I I ' U l i - b : : M . , Ssk. Ntaq I"'I, tile alms·
bowl ofBuddha and of the mendi
cant friars.
r : . , ~ lhull mass, bulk, linin-tan massy, bulky;
::? well.fed, ·lun-(u!1-po· W., lInm-ce-ba
very lArge; lImll-(!1!Jis) g , ' U b ( ~ p a ) ncc. to
fA.: 'formed in mass, or all at once', sclf
crcnted, notcontri ved byhuman labour; bgd
ba da,i b::u-ba Ih,in-o!Ji8 gnib-po.sclothesand
food coming forth of themselves D::I.; also
used of palaces, sacred buiIJings, images,
though in such instances often ooly by wtl.y
of compliment; 1IIUn-!p'!ib is also IlOUO per
sonal. - lIdm-po, ri-rab-l/dm-po themoun
tain of the universe,Merll, SlImeru, frq. limn
'fu9&A., l/!.ull-fUy T1t9Y' "ery great, inrcfer
cuce to the mental dnrknessproduced by sin;
prob. also: considerable, sublime, grond.
~ ' . q ' ' f lh((lrpa 1. sbst. width, lldJrpa-can
.::?:. Cs., yan(s)-!dub, !dl/b-hMb W:, C.
Wide, of clothes. - 2. ,·b.: 10 bind, lie, faslen,e.g. ornaments to the ear Ts., _ Hub-pa.
r ; / ~ ~ . lhums, resp. for mifal the womb frq.,
-% lMwus-sli big8-pai dWJ-IIICdd sncrificiul festiVAl of the conception (of Buddha)
Seh.
~ ! ' : : ; IIlUr, with lln-pa or byM-pa e. acc.
to apply one's self to, bestow pains upon,
= don-j"ll!/i,. bJPd-pa Dd. and e1sewh.
~ ' . q ' lM-ba v. sle.ba.
S 1 : ~ ' Ihm Cs. 'J1!tb or dross in the bowels,
'<). cnusing obstruction'; ncc. 10 others:int.emal excrescences., Y. skran; &h.: Men
or (llen-smi pit of the Ilellrt.
<i!.:::r llub, dbllglt lhw-l/uO-tlt cdug-pa I'tk
'<) ·'ug leb lebjlud-de·C. gn.sping for
ureath.
SJ5-J' lltem now, at present, direclly,.inslanUy
'<) C.; all (of them) cf. Mams.
S l ~ · ~ · l1uJ8-lIla - lAdMna 2; also: the ad
'<) of twisting, plaiting, ·Mt-ma Y!Jub
pa· C. to twist, to plait
$f "'0 south, lho-mib south-west, i a , . ~ l l t d'<) south-east; llior, lilo 1'y6g8 - 8U to the
soutll, towards the south; llto-Ra prob.-lllo;
l h 6 - ~ ' a mdn-flflS ...onsMi1. they came from the
Mon in the soulh; I M ~ z w . , llw"cbruY-JXJ auinhabitant of Bhotan; 1M-yul ace, to Limn.
the originul form of the name of that pro
vince which is now called Liihul or Llihol
by the Hindoos, and I,ahoul by the English;
l!Uj-lm,. Sell. (also llu).·...n-mo), -
/ . ! U { 1 ~ a .f ~ · ' r IMx.l-pa, gldp-po Cs. a large ulcer or
sore, &11.: carbuncle, anthrax, w,!j(M
ba to cure it ; in Med. also 1Iya-l!Jog and
gaf/-1hOg are mentioned. According to tile
description, Ilowever, whicb .Tibetan phy
siciuns gave us of the lIldy-pa, it seems to
dcnote acancerous ulcer, ngainsLwhich they
employ the Aconitum {crux of Nepal, or in
deL'mlt of it solDe other species of Aconite.
~ !hoi! Sell. vexation, anger, wralh('?);
but: 'lllOli sO!' be has lost tile lluJ/j', i8
said of one wllo was not equal to thecxer
tions of incessant meditution, and who in
consequence hng lost bis seoses, v. sub
~ m y d l t - p a .s r ~ " r lIHJd-pa, glod-pa, ?od-pa or -po, 1I1od,
'<) 1Iidd - po 1. loose, relaxed, unstrung,
slackened, yall-ldfl of the limbs., e.g. wilen
dC'uth approaches S.g., ·zitg-po ltid-po ed
no· lV. when one gels tired (one cannot
help yawniug). lI.dd-pa 8f/rim-pa to tighten
what is loose, Mod 11lOd ytOti-ba to slacken;
fig. ·'0-1IIa ldd-po· lV: the milk begins to
fail, milk is s c u ~ e . - 2. of tho miud: easy,
careless, unconcerned, llWd-de nyol t:ifJ sleel'
wel1! sleep soundly! Gl,..; blo lIwd flyi8-laiod relate the matter calmly, coolly Mil.;
ses'pa lltod-tiil in good spirits, of a cheer
ful temper l'th.; rabs jig yrxt-kyi j'9!JIIl-po
(r/{/s Mod md::o<l there is yet a. he1e; there
fore, 0 king, be of good cheer! Ptk
..:r illon-pa, gUn--pa 10 return, to give or
'<) pay back Cs.
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tflfl
*t,
1. the consonant which is formed in
the lowest and hindmost part of the or-
gans of speech, being produced by the
o|>t>nin<rof the
glottis, liketheGreek spiritus
lriiis, the Hebrew Aleph and the Arabian
Elif. (In our modern languages the opening
of theglottis
is notregarded
as aconsonant,
nor expressed by a particular letter orsign.).
Combined with the Tibetan vowel -signs,CS ~
S N/"'
lJ, USJ l^J, IM l^ljit is pronounced 'a, '',
Na
'u, 'e,'o
(cf. aj. It is also called skye-ba-
i//>'</-pai yi-ye, probably because all speak-
ing depends on and is rendered possible
only by a previous opening of the glottis;
hence this letter is a symbol of the deity,
of the cos-sku that was before every thing
else. Spyan-ras-zif/, therefore, addresses a
celestial Buddha with 'a: 'a skye-med rnam-
ddfj cos-kyi dbyins. 2. num. : 30.
TXtvQ'jA'
a ( a ?) ! i Ld. and Kh. the col.
demonstr. pron ,for de that (q.v.);
*'-w*from thence, there,'a-m there, thither,
that way. 2. LA., pronounced very short
and sharp, well? what is the matter? yes!
here!
w-. 'a 6s.: 'Ssk. : ^j, a mystical exclama-'
tion'.
'"~^'a C-^r
^) acc.to Hue II,
lGO='a-> Kit.
'd-ka-ru Cs., v. 'd
rpaf\t-ka-la Lt, Ssk. : untimely.
* 'u-kro/i an alpine plant, in Z//<.
naria Roylca.'
a-Ka-tia-i 'a-li'dgan ex-
clamation expressive of
contempt and detestation, opp. to 'd-la-la;
ace. to Cs. 'a-Kag is also adj.=
mi-sdug-pa.
'-^j ^. ivlso 'a-ku, col. for /,
r
?/-io
1. father's brother, uncle Mil., C.}W.
- 2. husband, consort W.
aloe-wood, agal-
lochum, calambac.
'a -yyis caressing word used by
mothers soothingtheir babies, prob.
without any particular signification Th</y.
]' 'a-city ankle-bone Lt
'a-cu, 'd-cu-cuinterj. ex-
pressive of pain from cold,
hence 'a-ai-zer-ba n. of one of the cold
hells.
'a-a?, 'a-tY?, Bal. 'a-se, col. for ce-ze
1. an elder sister of a female per-
son. 2. W. wife, mistress, madam, used
as address and otherwise.
'a-)o 6'., W., )o-yo C. (v. jo-bo") 1. an
elder brother of a male person.-
2. Sir, Mr., gentleman, lord, used in addressing
and otherwise; also like our: friend! ho there!
hollo! I say! 'a-yho lay C. the old Squire,=
ya-yd Ld.
'a-ti-sa Ssk., pul-du-byun-ba Tib.,
n. of a celebrated Pandit of Bengal,
who lived for many years in Tibet, and died
there in the eleventhcentury
of our era.
^ ^,
}' 'a-fo-ba beautiful, good Sch(?).
*
'a-fas PthJ
r 'a-dogs Sch. table (?)
' 'a-ddn Sc/i.: 'without sexual distinc-
tion; sense of the letter 'a'.
yH'^r''ft-dru/t C. horse-boy, one tending
>2> horses.
... ,..'a-Tia(-wa) an interjection ox-
' '
pressive of grief Sch.
.,.._.-...j.'
a-na-ma-na Sch.: having a strik-
'
ing likeness (?).
'd-nu Hindi man's name, also used in
Tibet Glr.
'<l - n ! = nt-ne-mo father's sister,
aunt; grand-aunt Glr. --2. 6s.: nun.
«, 1. the consonl\llt wllicll is formed in
the lowest lIud hindmost part of the or
gnus of spcC<':h, being produced by the
ol}Cniug of the glottis, liketileGreek spiritus
lenis, the Hebrew Aleph and the Arabinn
Elif. (In our modern lunguBgeil tbe opening
of the glottis is not regarded t\S n. consonant,
nor eJt:press('(l by n particular letter orsign.).
Oombine!) with the Tibetan \'owel-signs,
~ ~ , b ~ , ~ ~ ~ tN, it is pronounced'a, 'i,
'11. 't, '0 (cf. r;). It is nlso called skye-ba
lIlM-pai y i ~ g t , Ilrobably becnuse ull speak.ing depeuds on ami is rendered possible
only by n previous opening of the glottis;
hence this letter is l \ symbol of the deity,
of the cQs·s1u tilat was before every thingelse. Spyan--ra3-::if!, therefor(', nddresses n
celestial Bu!ldlm with 'a: 'a d'!Je.mCd r l l a m ~dU9 CQ3-t.-yi dbfli,is. - 2. uum.: 30.
b ~ r ( a . · ? ) 'a Cal) 1. in Lil. ano KII. the col.demonstr. pron, for dlJ thnt (q.v.);
" d - l I ~ · f r o m thence, there,'d-Julhere, thither,tllllt wny. - 2. 1..1•. , pronounced ,-cry short
and sho.rp, well? what is the matter? yes!
here!
b ~ 'a Cs.: '&1.:.: llI", amyslical exc1nmn. tion'.
1 . § f 1 ' ( ~ · f 1 · ? ) 'd-A.'a ('d-l:a1) nce.to lJlle II,. 100- 'd-;)o KII.
b ' : r 1 ' ~ ' 'd·ka-ru Cs., \'. 'lii/a-m.
b ~ " 1 · r . r 'a·kti-la Lt., SJ.·.: untimely.
'"b " r ~ ~ : ' a - k ~ , j nil alpine lllant., in UI. ArlJ-tla1'la Roylea.
~ ' F ' F ' , b ~ · F = t j · ' d - I : a - ~ a , ,a-l.'f;' a.n ex-c11\luo.hon expressIve of
contempt an(1 detestation, opl'. to'd-la-la;
M'e. to Ci. 'a-Ray is also ndj. = tIIl'-fdUg.pa.
b ~ F ' 'a-(u, lY. also 'a-l'li, col. for 1""../,,0
.... 1. father's brother, uncle Mil, C., IV.
- 2. husband, consort IV.
00:1
b ~ ~ ' ~ ' 'd",,!/a.f'U, ~ aloe-wood, a g l l l ~lochum, enll1mbuc.
b ~ ' ~ ~ - r 'a - 9!Jia caressing word used by
mothers sootbingtheirbabies,pro".wiLILout nny llnrticular signifienlion TI,9Y'
l § f ~ = t j . 'a-eIl9 ankle·bone I.e.
b ~ ' \ § ' ~ . t § . \ § . 'a.M, 'Ii-ro-Cl< interj. cx-, pressi,'c o{ puin from cold,
hence 'a·clt-::er-ba n. of one of the eold
hells.
b ~ ' ~ ' 'u-'U, 'a-N, nal. 'a-Jr, col. for t-t-::IJ
l. an elder sister of n female per
son. - 2. lV. wife, mistress, madam, used
as address and otllerwise.
b ~ ' e : 'a-)6 c., n ~ jo-}6 c. (v.)d-W) 1. anelder brotller of a male peNOn.
2. Sir, Mr., gentleman, lord, used in addressing
nnd othenvise;:llso likeour: friend! ho there!
hollo! I say! 'a-)IIO My C. the old Squire,
Ya-od lAo
t1f;-If 'a·ti·ia &k., l}!il..dll-b!llllj-ba Tib.,n. of 0. eelebrntedPanuit of Beng:l1,
who lin'd (or mnny yenl'S in Tibet, nud died
tJlcrc in the eleventh century of our era.
b ~ · i f " . : : r 'a·(J-ba benutiful, good &" (?).
b ~ ' ~ ~ ' 'a-las Ptld
b ~ ' ¥ 1 ~ ' 'a-dotfl &k tnble(?)
I ~ r ~ ~ ' 'a--ddIJ &11.: 'without sexlll\l distinc1 tion; sense of tile leuer 'a'.
b ~ · - l : . . . 'a-t/l'uti C. horse.boy, one lemling
llOrses.b ~ ••( ' ·) 'd-'Ia(-'la) nil interjection ex
"\'1 pressive of grief &1..
b ~ · . · 5 - l · l \ '(I-Jla-ma·'Ht1 Scll.: Ilaving 1\ stl'ik-"\ I iug likcness(?).
~ .•. ',i·Ill'Hindi rulln's unrue, also used in':l Tibet Gl,..
l,N'.i- 'Ii-tel! 1. - t l f ! - ~ - f / l O fatller's sister,-\ aunt; grand-aunt GlI'. - 2. C•. : nun.
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'd-pa-ra
3. W. wife, partner, spouse, *'d-ne kur-ce*
to take a wife, to marry, *(s)kyd-wo 'd-ne
kur cog* a layman is at liberty to marry;
*'d-ne-la cd-ce* to treat, to use as a wife,
sensu obsc. = to sleep with. 4. a woman,
a female. 5. Sch. an old woman (?).
'd-mra Ssk. the mango tree and -fruit
-pa -pa.
'a-po U: building (= *Kar-len* TF.),
*'d-po gydb-pa* to construct a house,
to build.
'd-praSch. zizel, earless marmot,
souslik (Spermophilus citillus).
'd-pa, 'd-pacol. for
pa,in B. of rare
occurrence; *'d-pa cen-po* the elder,
*cun-nu* the younger, of the husbands of
a person's mother, hence occasionally
uncle; *'d-pe so* W. a vulgar oath; also
(like pa) uncastrated male animal, cf. pa."
'a-po-nd C. col. :I,
cf. Ko-bo-nd.
'a-pyi Mil., *'a-pi, 'a-pi*, for pyi-mo
grandmother.
r 'a-pyimn>\& woman, goody, dame &/;-.
'a-prag Sch. : the bosom, of a gar-
ment, 'a-prdg-tu sdti-ba to put into
the bosom,=
'am-bdg.
'
a-wa-dhu-ti v. dhu-ti.
'
a~&a*> ^or ban-po, the husband of
the father's or the mother's sister Cs.
'a-bi-sa Ssk. : 'antivenomous', n. of
a medicinal herb Wdn.
'a-bo 1. Sch. ='a-)o. 2. a medi-
cine S.g.
'a-bo-tMSch- '
'good, tolerable, mid-
dling', cf. Bun. : eb-bo good.
'a-byag and 'a- bras names of me-
dicines Med.
r 'd-ma col. and sometimes in B. =ma mother; *'d-me isa* a vulgar oath;
'd-ma drin-cen so aking addresses awonder-
working nun Pth.>
'
a-ma-gyis Cs.inter)., prob.\gimi-
lar toa-gyis.
' 'a-mi-de-ba the usual Tibetan
corruption of ^rfjnTTHj v - <^~
dpag-med.
'a-mri-ta (Ssk. iyi{(i ambrosia; also
various fruits etc.), in the Lt. perh.
the guava fruit, which in Hindoostani is now
called amrut.
'a-tsa(-ma) interj. expressive of
pain by touching hot objects &?/*.;
also used in various other instances, when
disagreeably surprised, startled etc. bdag
ma yrol-ba Odi 'd-tsa-ma alas! I am not yet
released! Thgr.;'
d-tsa-ma yi-dwags snyiii
re-rje alas ! ye poor Yidags folk ! Mil.
'a-tsa-ra Mil. aspecies of hob-
goblins, or spectres; in C. a Ben-
galee, ace. toLew. The observations oilluc
(II, 271) concerning this word seem to be
mixed with some errors.
'a-tsarya, Ssk. ^rRT^f, spiritual
guide or father, instructor, professor,
doctor.
''
a~ sa(~ sa} an interj. expressingdiscomfort occasioned by heat.
'a-mt'sar Sch.: oh dear, what a
wonder!
'd-dza-na Wdii., 'd-dzi-naStg.,
^f%TI Will.: the hairy skin of a
blackantelope, wrhich serves the religious
student for a couch, seat, covering etc.;
Tibetan writers use it for the animal itself:
ri-dwags 'd-dzi-nai pdgs-pa Stg.'
a-za 1- co '- f r zdn-po mother's
brother,*'a-zan-fsd-wo* nephew.
-
2. Cs.: 'an address' (?).
'd-wa a medicinal herb S.gJ
'd-warta, 'd-barta (-no] Ssk. (Svhirl,
Q, whirlpool, eddy') a disease of the
rlun, q.v.; perh. dizziness? Med.
i
'
au-tsi 1. Sch. : it is of no conse-
quence, it does not matter. --2.
n. of a plant=
bya-po-tsi-tsi.
~rr* 'a-ya- ztva - fsod dead-nettle
' Med.
*
'a-yu C. (= Uu-yu) hornless, of cattle.
'
'd-ra beard Ts.
3. IV. wife, partner, sPOllSl!, ·'a-nt! l.",.-U
1O tttko a wife, to marry, . { , ~ y c i - 1 t ' O 'd-1U
i:flr hw}" II InJmlUl is a liberty to mlury;
· ' U ~ a M-h" to t r e 3 ~ 10 use lUI " ""ife,
sensu obse. - 1.0 sleep ",i!.h. - , . a Wflman,a lema/e. - 5. &1,. an old \'jomm(?).
' ' ' .. " " - . , ""l ~ p - a-y -
Wq ' 'a-po 0: building (- "far-In." Jr.),
. 'd-po gyrib-pa· to c o n s l r u ~ a bouse,to build.
t1f:{ 'd -pra &If. lizel, earless marmot.
sotlslik (SperflUJphillU citilllUl).W 'u-pa,'dopa
001.for pa, in ll. of
rfU'e
oeCIlf'r('DCC; ·'d-pa (tn-po· tho elder,
"i."uli·liu· the younger, of the husbDnds of
a person's mother, hence occasionally_
uncle; · 'd-pf 6a4
lV. a vulgar onth; nho
(like p(l) unclUItmtcd molo auiltlnl, cr. ita.
~ ~ ' ; f t : . . 'aiJo-lid C. col.: I, c( J:o-&r,id.
Utr§' •a-}iyi Mil, ·'a-pi, '"'"P''', for p!JI-1IwgrandmothClf.
t 1 { 3 ~ ' 'a-p'yimold woman, goody,dame&l,.
t 1 f ~ 'a.prdg &11.: tI,e bosolll. of a garment, 'o..prtifl-tuldu·lJa to p u iulo
the bosom, = 'am..fxltt.
b ~ : f 5 ' ; 'a.-tt:HhN-ti ". dJIIL-ti.
I " I ' ~ ' ' a ~ , for bai.-po, the hUllb;lod of- , ~ fa-'-
tbe wer s or tbemotber's sisteru.
t 1 f ~ +1' 'a-/}i-/a Sd:.: 'anu"enomoUll', n. of
1\ medicinnl berb WdA.
b ~ : f ' ~ - l J r o 1. &11. - 'a-jo. - 2. no medicine S.7.
llf:f3T 'a-IxHu&h.: 'good, tolerable, middling', d. Bun.: eb-bo good.
tN':=-r:q- 'o.-byafJ una 'a-obrcu names of me-dicioes Mm.
bo;f,Jf 'd-ma col. and sometimes ill 11._
ma motller; . ' a - 1 l ~ sa' It vulgar 00.111;
'U-tfIQ ddn-cCnsoo.kiuguddresscs llowonder-
working nun I'!J,.. \
l 1 f o f ~ 'a-ma.gyU u. interj., prob. irui-
lar lo a-fJIJ'-'.
t N ' . J f ~ . ~ . 'a-mi-de-ba the DsuaJ..Tibetan
cofnllJtion of "ItflUiltI', v. . .oJ.d[NJ9-fflM.
~ ' '&-1IIN &k. the mango tree nod ·fruitr; Du.
t f f ~ · 'a-mn....ta (&k. ~ 1 ' 1 ambrosia; nlsovanoUll (roits etc.), in tbe fA . perL.
the guava fruit, which in HindOOlitnni is 00'* '
eo.lled (l.lItTit.
tff.t(e:f) ' a ~ ~ a ) i ~ t e r j . u p r e s s i n ~ ofp'lD b)·toucblDghot objects&h.;
nlso used in ,'nrioUll olller inltnnCCll, wbeo
disagreenbly surprised, Ilarded etc. lKlag
"Ia U,'OL-lJa odi'a-tla-ma nJas! I am not )'ct
relensed! Tng,.; 'a-tiel-rna yi-d,ragl myiil
rt-rji alas! ye poor Yidngs folk! Mil.
~ · t . : ; : '0 . - tIa-ro. Mil. n species of hob-
goblins, or spectre!; in C, a Ben_
gnlee, nee. toUie. The obsC1'Vllti'lns of flue
(If, 271) cOllccrning Lllis word secm to he
mixcd with some en-ors.
~ . ~ . 'a- "'w'!ja, &1>, ~ spiritualv guide or lallier, instructor, professor,
doelor.
t f f ~ · ( ~ ' ) 'a-fsa(-(IIl) an interj. expressingdiscomfort ocCllsioncd by heat.
t f f ~ · · a · ~ J I l { " , r &/,.: ob dear, what a
wonder!
~ = : : . ~ ' I i -b-na 1 r d ~ . , 'd-dd-1UJ Stg.,..m WI1l.: thc hairy s.ltio of l \
black llDtelOpe, which sen'CS the religioUll
student for a couch, seat, covering etc.;
TilJetan uite.nl use it for the lUlimal itJelf:
ri-dlCagc ' a ~ a i fXi!p-pa &g.~ ~ 'a-zan 1. col. (or MIi-po mother'sbrother, " a - ~ J j - ( ' " - I C O · nephew.
2. lA.: 'nn n d d ~ ' ( ? ) .!1fl?f 'Ii-1M a medicinal herb S.g.'
~ " t ' ! l ~ ' 'd-lCarta, 'a-barla(-'la)&k. ('whirl,
r ; !:ll whirlpool, eddy') I I dis('nse of tll{:
rluti, q.\'.; pet·h. dizziness? Merl.
~ r ; ~ ' 'aU-f$i 1. Sci,.: it is of no conse-queuee, it docs not mutter. - 2.
n. of I I pillot = byo.-po-ui-tn.
~ ' : a ' ~ ' 'a - ya - =tea - fWd dcad-nettle• <! Med.
! . ~ 1 t f 'a-yu G: (= &-9") hornless, of cattle_
tff- ' 'dora beard T,.
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'am-ban
a saw.
Vm-/)a- tefl-wa a mystical and
symbolical word, Was. (183)
-w//, resp. bxcx-n'uj ('., Odon-rdg
., arrack, brandy, the usual bar-
ley-brandy,which is distilled in the con-
vents and in nearly every manor-house.
'"~ l " Prob ' Ssk' a medicinal Plant'
Med. 2. v. 'a.
_.^.'d-ru-m myrobalan, an astringent
medicinal fruit Med. frq.
- 'a-i-um aspecies
ofgarlic,
with u
pale-red blossom, Allium stnctum.
. 'a-re an inter),the meaning of which
is stated differently, MiL\ 'a-re pans
well then! throw it away!
'a-rdg Sch.: = rogs-po, grogs, com-
panion, mate, fellow, comrade,friend;
'a-rog-Kya or gya Sch.: 'a complimentary
phrase or form of salutation'.
!'\ 'd-la(-la) Mil, also 'dl-laid.
interj. expressiveof joyful sur-
prise: aye, ah, that is capital! des-na 'd-
la-la well, that is excellent or splendid in-
deed! Mil.; also adjectively: *de san di >d-
la-la- W. this is much better than that!
. 7 j ,
T...ri. 'd-U the Tibetan vowels, 'a-li-kd-li^N ^s 1-1ra the series oi the vowels together with
, < . i
the consonants; a-pren id.
OT VK a little C.
c:-'a-li-Kug-ta a swallow Cs.
'a-luii Sch. buckle, clasp (?).
'
'a-Un a ring.
. , , , ,
a-sarf v. sub yttim-mo.
'-.sw, apricot.
5^- 'a-o-Aan. of a tree and of a king.
'a-sdw Sc/*.: a thick sauce or broth,
soup; 'a-s%a'j- a thin broth.
'< for 8 - aunt &/,
'a-ysdl-la adv. openly, manifest-
ly, publicly,= mnon-sinn-dn.
pleasure, satisfaction.
yea. nay even (?>
bad (7.
of Anglo-Indians, an important re-
med for cutaneoas diseases.
-fwfoi &/*., resp
,beard of the chin,
chin-tuft.
._._.'
a/i 1. sbst. = Odom&? 'dn-rta, 'd/i-ras
s
loin-cloth6'., W.;
'an-fu/tunder-gar-
ment, yiruv, (hence also to be used for shirt
and shift); 'aii-rdg trowsers, breeches J'f/i.
_ 2. inter).: well then! now then! well! in
French: eh Men! at the beginning of a
speech also 'dii-ge, 'dn-ke, 'dh-ki, Mil., with-
out any regard to rank.
'dn-gi or 'dit-ki, Ssk.^r^-, figure,
number, cipher, also'ati-gratis,
'an-
yig Cs. ; the last word, ace. to others, meanssecret characters, cryptography.
'CTpj* 'an-gu-tt Ssk. finger Do.
an-rgar-jig ace. to Lew.
^\^ lid.angrez^.
? an-ma-tsi bch. flies, winged m-
sects.
'an W. white chalk.
/i Med- Sch ' : cervical ver-
tebra.
'an-fdos C.: stocks, *'an-do-la
o)ug-pa* to put (a person) into
the stocks.
'
an - ddrC. 1. board, plank, deal.
_ 2 . Uags-kyi 'an- ddr Cs. an
iron instrument of torture; ace. to Thou.
a kind oi press.
I^^'E^l* '^^a-rnyi-la Lex., corrupted
form for 'indra-ni-la.
*'-^, 'am-bag*
c l - 6'- for mawtog,
snam-brag ear; bosom.
._._.._.. \im-ban a Chinese resident, Chi-
^nese superior civi , officer) in the
chief cities and provincial towns of the tri-
butary countries of China.
005
t1f=.: 'dorar;r;
~ . ~ . 'llwHan
~ ' i ' ' ' ' '0 - Ita - hd ink-rj. UIJreuing jO}',p l o a s u ~ , aatisfa.ction.
t1f"1.if 'a-lto-yi ) 'ea, nay tytll(?).
~ = 'usr[NJ bad C.
~ 'ag-utMdiaktdaracllta, the'neem'of Anglo.-Indillnll., .n important re
medy for cutaneolK diseases.
t.'f'f't;r 'af/-WJm Gir., 'Off"fllJm &h., ~ s Zal-f.wll- Hk. beard of the chin,
chin·tuft.' · lb , · · · t ' · · , -" ,t . ~ ~ . a" . s s.. - . lW/lI. I . {In-r..., a,,-Ta'
loin-cloth C.• W.; 'ati-fun under-gar
m e n ~ lUlU", (hence also to be used for shirt
and shift); 'aif-nig trowsers, breeches }'rh•
_ 2. interj.: well thefl! now then! well! in
French: til wm! at the beginning of
speech 1I1so'tb i? , 'Wi-It', ·ti"...n, NI1., with
out n.ny reg:ard to n'Ulk.
u . r - ; ' ~ 'Wi-gi or 'a,;..a. Sak. ...-' figure,number, cipher, nlso 'o.,f..,,-ma, ' " " ~
yig c..; tbe IMt word, nee. to otbers, weaDSsecret characters, cryptogMlphy,
l , , ~ ' 5 " ~ ' 'oli-gu-li Sd·. finger Do.
l , , ~ ~ ' m ~ : A A ~ ' 'a/i-"!Jar-Ji9 l l te. to l..hr.....1 English, TId. a'/9rc.i.
~ . ~ . ~ ' a ~ - - m a - t w i Scll. flies, winged in
. . .t ..
~ 'an lV. white chalk.
~ _ ~ _ 'an4to1i Mtd., .$cia.: cen'icm \'cr• ; . . tebra.
~ 1 ~ ' f 'aH-rcbl c.: stocks, " a n ~ J - l ( l.JWg-po.- to pUl (a persoo) into
the slOtks.
~ a r ~ 'an-oddrC. 1. board, plank,deal.- 2. Uag.-I.:yj 'all·oddr C" an
iron instrument of torture; atc. to TItgy.
I I kind of press.
~ ' l 0 i . £ ' ~ · 'Qlldra-1'1Iyi ...
la Lu" corrupwilS'9'- form for 'j"dro-flr·ia.. . - . : ~ . , . , , .J 1 . . l ~ · c ; : ; r o l ' l , , ~ . = : : t = t f am-cog, aln-lJU!l
col. C. for n w - m ~ ,.llaIM.brGf/ ear; bosom.~ ~ ' a Chinese I f l , i d e n ~ Chi
nese SUllerior civil officer, in tile
chief ciues and pruyiocial to ...ns of the tri
blltary COUill.-ria of Cbin...
U\f.::..' 'd-rtf lliHd. a saw.
"r:.t > f ~ ' : r ; f
t l - r + \ ~ ' 'a-idd v. sub 1I1im.mo.
!,1.f'''9' 'a-ili apricot.
J1..l'"'9""l' ' I l - ~ o - k a n. of '" trw "'nd of", king.
~ ' ~ ; r 'lHam &h.:" thick 8IIute OJ' broth•... soup; 'a-.hlJtir a thin brotb.
U I f ~ 'a...ni for m-mo aunl &/,.
t 1 f ~ V " . . f c . r 'a-r-«J-la ~ y openly, manife$t·Iy, publicly, _ 1N1Omt...w1tl-d. .
'a-ra-lJa-tJa-lla • mystical :Iond
symbolical word, ural. (183)
U f 'a-mg, resp. bm-rdfJ C, _doft·rdf]'-, 111:, amtk, brandy, the usual h:.......
le)'-brandy, wbic1\ is distilled in the oon
\'enu and in nearly every manor-house.
! , 1 . f ' ~ ' '6-ru 1. prob.;SU. R medicinal plllnt,iUtd. - 2. v. a.
! , 1 . f ' ~ ' = " 'd-ru-ra myrobalan, lin nstringent
loodicinnl f r u i ~ Mtd. frq,
t 1 f ~ ~ ''a_rull'
Do
specieso ( ' ~ r l i c ,
withDo
p.le-red blOMOm, Allium atMt'tum.
t1of::-. 'a_rt an illterj. the meaning of ""hich
..... is slated difFerently, Mil.; 'a-rtPwu"'ell then! throw it ......y!
i1f-:.-'=tf '4-rtlg &It.: - ~ p o , groga, tom·..... panion, mate, fellow, comrade, friend;
'o.-rog-I!ya or gya SeA.: '.. ODlDplimenary
pbrase or form of wutation'.
i 1 f ~ ( ~ ) '«_io.(_lo) .Vil., nlso 'til-la iii.interj. expressive of joyful Sur
prise: lI.)'e, 1111, t11at is ellpitll.l! dh-na 'ala-La well, tbat is e:leellcnt or splendid in
deed l Mil.; :also ndjccti\'cly: -de .al' di 'd
ill-II'- W: this is much better thoo tbot!
l , , ~ ~ ' 'A-li tbe TibetAn vowels, 'a-l;..M-li...." tbe series of tbe vo1\'c!s togeilier'lll.·ith
tile coDSOn:lDlSi 'a-jwd id.
l , , ' f ~ ' 'a-li a little C.
! 1 f ~ ' 'a·u·.Eufrta • swallow c..
t 1 f ~ ' t : : : 'a-llin &Ii. buckle, clasp 00.
U\fe.r-..' 'a-lOn a ring.
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606
'dr-ka
"'dr-ka, 'dr-ga, 'dr-ka, 'er-ka 1. 6s.
marble. 2. plaster-floormade of
pulverizedmarble and oil,
also *'a-zdl*
'r-
^ow an offspringof
parentsnot having the same rank, nor the
same religion,and not belonging to the
same nation Ld.
ixi'gf 'a-rgam Sch. : 'th'e offering of sacri-
I fices';Will. : ^f^j respectful offering
to a god or Brahman.
Txrgr'm*'ar-dza-ka Ssk., Sch.: cotton, 'aV-
' dza-kai dog-pa Glr. cotton-capsule.
(This signification is not to be found in our
/Ss&.-dictionaries.)
'dr-la ytad-pa Sch.: 'to be
reduced to extremities, to
extreme misery' (?).
'al-ycig Sch. : 'the one half of a
pair, e.g. one eye',=
ya-ycig.
*'<M-ta* (for da-lfa)Bal. 1. now, at
present. 2. to-day.
TXTQI rr- 'al-tit'i,*al- tin-la kur-ce* W. to
'
carry something bulky tied up in
the girdle.
'cf t3vJQJ'iV
'
tt^'> 'al-tse earthen kit-
chen-pot Ld.
-
'al-la v. 'a-la-la.
'asma -gar
-bha, Tar. : nor - bu
asma-gar-bha Schf.:emerald.
T^-'i 1. beer,
=can, C. 2. vulgar pro-
nunciation of dbiji, *yi*, the lynx. 3.
num.: 60.
'ig,W. hiccough, sob,
*
ydn-narag*I have got the hiccough,
*'i-Kuq quab dug* he hiccoughs.7 t/iy /
"indra-go-pa, s^jftq, cochineal;
yet among the substances devot-^*
ed to a costly Chodten it is mentioned as
one of the five divine jewels Glr. 1.
'indra-nt-la sapphire (Sch.: emer-
ald?).
'M num.: 90.
^qr 'u-cug, with *co-ce* W. to persuade,'
e.g.to buy something.
'u-dum-ba-ra (Ssk. Ficus glo-
>a -, merata) in Tibetan literature a
fabulous lotos of immense size.
13T3T
'
u~ma Bsk-, prob. also spelled dbu-
^> ma, n. of the wife of Siwa (Durga,
Kali etc.).
r ''u-fsugs Sch. = 'u-tug.
1
odiyana 6s., (not
NO' mentioned in Ssk. dictionaries), often
written in the abbreviated form 0^3J, a fa-^ I
bulous country in the north-west of India
(though 6s. supposes it to be Ujain), fre-
quently representedas a kind of paradise.
2. now a noun personal offrq. occurrence;
'u-rgyan-padma v. padma-Jbyun-ynds.
n. of a remedy Med.
*
'un-gu oil-lamp C.
'
Ut-Pa~la
i 'ud-pa-la
a blue lotos which is
also used for medicinal purposes.Jn Lh.
this name seems to be transferred to Pole-
monium caeruleum.
'un-fug v. ^.u-fug.
'urn a kiss,*"um )or-wa or gydg-pa*
to kiss C.
.' 'ur-rgyd a warm meal-porridge ;fer-
meiiting dough C.
'ur-rdo v. ur-rdo.'
I
'ur-ba v. dbur-ba.
"
'ul- fdg col. for yyul- fdg.X3
jx*.'e 1. in C. and later literature, an in-
terrogative, pronounced short, accented,
and usually put immediately before the vb.
or thepron.
which stands in the
place
of
the vb.:*de-mo e yo'*? do you feel well?
are you well? are you getting on well? Kyed
dan 'eOprad mi ses I do not know whether
I shall see you again Mil.;
'e nus mi nus
whether we shall be able or not Mil.; rarely
for evenif, though, although, "e sus kyan mi
fub-na though nobody is reallyable to do
it. 2. num.: 120*
~ = ' ; 1 T 1 ' 'UN"G, 'dr-ga, 'dN"U, 'ir·1.n J. C.."I marble. - 2. plaster·floor nll\de of
I l u l \ ' \ ~ r i z e d JIlArLle aDd oil, also · ' Q . · ~ L ·r ~ ! ~ 'Ilr-gqn 1111 offspring of pnreuls",,"'\ TI nol ha\'iog the snme runlt, nor we
same religion, IUld not belonging to the
same notion Ld.
!!f!" '4."gam &n ... '1ft offering of saeri
""I flees'; Jrill.: 1Rli w>pectfulolferingto Rgod or BriihmllD.
b ~ 'ur-d.;a.J:a Sd-., &If.: cotton, 'dr-d::u-l:ai d Glr.cotton-cnp8ule.
(I'his significlltion is not to be found in our&.l:.-dictionnrics.)
t . ~ ~ r . . r ~ - · . : r 'ur-/a rtdd-pa &11 .. 'to be1 reduced to extremities, to
(lXII'Clne misery' (?).
1 , I . J r . . r = q ~ · 'al?C1fJ &11.: 'the ,one ltn.lf ? aplm, e.g. one eye, - ya-rClY.
~ ~ ? ' ·'tU-ta- (for da-lta) Bal. J. now, atpresenL - 2. to-day.
~ ~ r . . j ' ~ C : : ' 'al-ti,i, -al-M-w k u r - ~ · W: to
1 cnrry s o m ( ' t h i n ~ bulky tied up in
. tile girdle.
! } f " ' ~ ~ ' i r 'ul-to, 'al-tli earthen kit-I' chen-pot Ld.
~ r : . r r . r .al-la v. 'a-la-la.
~ ~ 'tuma-gar-blta, Tar.: ll6r-bu
.c;; tu. .a-!Jflr-blw.
&"i.:emerald.
tit 'i 1. beer, - cwi, C. - 2. vulgar pro
nuncialiou of db!!i, -!p", the lynx. - 3.num...: 60.
'i.fu!h 'ig, 1V. hiccough, sob, "i-fug
...., yOti.-narag" I bM'e gotthe hieeoogh,
"';-&9 g!JOb dug- be hiccougbs.
~ . ? i f ' f 'illdl'a-go-pa, (1(..nq, cochineal;yet among the substances dcvot-
et! to a costly ChodtcD it is mentioncd ll.S
olle of the fh·o divinc jewels Gll', 7,
t . G ~ ~ ~ 'ind"a-1If-la sapphire (Sci,.: eDlor-
S!':" aM?).
l.""f 'v num...: 00.
! I f ~ 'u.-ng, with -00.«' W. 10 persuade,
'" e.g. to buy something.
l . ' \ f ~ ~ : r . : ; - 'u-dum-oo-ra- (Sak. P m glo"'...., mtl'aia) in TibetAn litel'1l.ture n
fubulous lotos of immense size.
l.'\f.;r 'u-ma- &J:., prob. tl.1'JO I!pelled dbti
'" ma, n. or the "ire of Si'll'll. (Darga,Kili etc.).
11f ~ 'u-6ftga &11. - '.-(;'9.
!1fmi" 'u-rgylin l . nlso '(Jt)i9flna c.., (no'
...., 1 mcntioned inSal:. dictionaries),of\CD
Vt'l'itten in the abbreviated form (If. B fa-v
bulous ('OODtry in the north-west of Iodin
(thouglt U. supposes it to 00 Ujain), £requentlyrepresenledMa kind ofparadise.
2. now a noun personal of fnj. occurrence;·fHII!Jan-pculma ,.. paama-.b9u,i-,'las.
~ ' ~ r ~ ~ · 'U9-cQ, n, of a rcmady Med.
t . ~ : : ~ r '{ui_[ju oil.lamp C.
t . ~ · : r ( : . r ~ - " r t : r 'u/-pa-la, 'ud-pa-la",1 '....,1 fI, blue lotos which is
II.lso used for medicinnl purposes. lu V,.
this name seems to 00 transferred to Ibk
monillll/l ra611leum.
t . 'lln-(119 v. c u - ( ~ g .~ t N ' l l ln a kissl - 'l lIN )6r-1t'(I or g y < i ~'" to kiss C.tN.:;- _. 'llr-rgyd a w:t.em m e a l - p o r r i u ~ j fer
...., menling dough C.
~ ~ 'w,.-rdo v. wr·rd6.
l§.I=:..::r 'iIr-ba v. Jbitr.J.,a.
t . ~ r " ' . . f C $ F f 'u[-o(ufJ col. for ryul,..iug.
t1f 't ' 1. in C. nnd laler literature, nD in-
t.errogati\'e, llrnnounccd short,accentcd,
nod usually put immediflt.ely IJcfore the vb.
or the pron. which stunds in thf\ plaee ofthe \'b,: -de-mo I w'·? do you feel well?
lll'C you well? fire you gl!tting on well? J:!J!Xl
dUli ' t ' .,prod mi &t8 I do Dot know whether
I shll.ll see you agnin Mil.; " nlU fIli n lU
wbether we sha.ll be Ilbte or not Mil.; mrcly
for even if, though, although, "'IU J...yait 111i
(Iib-na though nobody is really ablo to do
i t . -2 . OUID.: 120:
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007
,Ssk.
TJTJT,a fa-
bul<>u> Mack antelope \\ith short
and Idack eyes.
Y-//W, 'c-ma^d,'c-ma-hd
intcrj.
\-
l'n->sing joy, surprise, astonishment,
hey! hey day! indeed! you don't say so! in
asking, beseeching, requesting a person's
attention: please, pray, I say; or expressive
of lamentation, compassion: alas! oh! would
to God! dear! e.g.:\'-uni. .^'/ns-can-
siiyiti-
'/(' alas, the poor people ! Glr.
W-QT 'e-wam, Ssk. if^n, yes, certainly, to
^be sure Wdk. and elsewh.
Txt-^-m-'e-ra-ka Cs.: 'n. of a country, Irak?
' Chaldaea?' (In Ssk. it denotes a
sort of grass, or a woollen carpet.)
>c~la>Ssk- lJWr> *e-la> prd-mo Wdii.
small cardamoms, seed of Electena
Cardamomum.
**n~t8am alitttei some, a small
bit,
"en-re quick, fast, speedy Sc/t.
v"'en- ddr v. 'an- dar.
"'eni-ci, 'dm-ci (Turkish word) phy-
sician W.
"
'i>r-ka C. v. 'dr-ka.
1. for ?o a kiss, Pth. 2. num.: 150.
; 'o-dkdi- W. = Ikoy-dkor, v. Ikoy-ma.
*
'o-()i-ydn v. 'u-rgydn.
'dndra, ^^ O</ya, the northern part
f Orissa, Wdk.
"
'd-mo-su (Mongol word) stocking C.
Qu'^j^*"o-ldoh, 'o-ddti, col. *'o'-so* Cs., wind-
pipe; *'o-le* W. throat; *V/< ;
</'wj-fc
st soil* he is suffocated.
'o-fo (Mongol word?) Sch.: the place
where two rivers flow together, the
confluence of two rivers.
Usf'z^r 'o-i'tjydn=
'u-rgydn l*tli.
, dm, Ssk.'^p^, mystical interjection, in
' laterHindooisra the symbol of the Hindoo
triad, in as much as it consists of the three
*finn
sounds, a (Vishnu), u(Shiva), and m (Brah-
ma). This interjection frequently occurs in
the prayers of the northern Buddhists of
Tibet,and
especiallyin the
famous'six-
syllable prayer','~'m ma~
nipad-mc hitm, the literal version of which
is: '0 thou jewel in the lotus, htlmV The
person addressed in these words is not Bud-
dha, but Spyan-ras-yzigs (v. spyan); by
some he is thought to be the author of them.
Concerning the import of this short apo-
strophy the best information is to be found
Kopp. II, 59 61. -- The Tibetans them-
selves are ignorant of the proper sense of
these six syllables, if sense at all there be
in them, and it is not unlikely that some
shrewdpriest invented this form of prayer,
in order to furnish the common peoplewith
a formula or symbol, easilyto be retained
by the memory, and the frequent recital of
which might satisfy their religious wants.
And though there may be no obvious mean-
ing in such exclamations or prayers, yet
their efficacy is sure to be firmly believed
in by a people, whosepractical religion
chiefly consists in the performance of cer-
tain rites and ceremonies, in a devout ve-
neration of their Lamas, combined with
frequent oblations to them, in abstaining
from gross sins (regarding even the killing
of live animals as such), and in the Pra-
dakshina (v. skor-ba 2). The numerous
attempts that have been made to explain
the Ommanipadmehum satisfactorily,and to
discover a deeper sense or even a hidden
wisdom in it, have proved more or less un-
successful. The most simple and popular,
but also the flattest of these explanations
is derived from the purely extrinsic circum-
stance, that the Sanskrit words of the prayer
consist of six syllables,and accordingly it
is suggested, that each of these syllables,
when pronounced by a pious Buddhist, con-
veys a blessing upon one of the 'six classes
of beings'. The conjecture with which
Kopp. closes his disquisition, is certainly
.... '........ 0 ', It N · ~ ' t . l . . l · ~ t l ! J / l · Y a , ~ .. (l·!JU, 0IJI0:. 'V1!f, A. 11.-
hulou' black nntelope witli shortlegs And black eyes.
l , , ~ ' e : . l ' 'f.tII(l, ' t - l / I a ~ d , 'c-fI,a·!i/; inlerj. ex-pressing joy, surplisc, ll.sl(lQishmcnt,
hey! lIey day! indeed! you don't say so! in
asking, bCMcching, requesting n perllOD's
Il.tlcntion: please, pray, I say; or eX)lr<lssil'C
of Ituncutntion, cornpl\ssion: alas! oh! would
to God! 0 dear! e.g.: 'e--maablll-caJl a n ! J i l j ~j ' t - r j ~ :lias, the poor people! Gl,..
~ ' ~ r ' t -Wl ln l , S ~ ! · . ~ yes, certainly, to
:::J be slIre Wdl', nod elscwh.t . ~ ' : : " ' T ] ' 'c-I·u·ka (;.: 'no of n country, lrak?
Cbatdacn.?' (In Ssk. it denotes asort of grnss, or n woollen carpet.)
t . ~ · r . r 'e-la, Stl.:. ~ T 'c.la l,,'a-nlo wa,;.STDl\lI cardamoms, seed of E/utena
f..,OI'JafllOlnlflll.
t . ~ " i ; . j · 'ill-/lam a little, some, a small bit,I OnndB.
1 , ) ~ ~ ' ~ ' 'e1HC quick, fast, speedy Sch.,
~ ' l : : l . " ' t ' : : ' : ·en-.,dar ", 'an-.,dal'.
1 , ) ~ ; . r ~ ; ' em-,i, 'dm-Ci (Turkish word) phy-
sician W.
til'::;1TJ' '&--ka C. v. 'a, ..J.:a.
~ '01. forq ..oa kiss, Pt/I.-2.nulll.: HiO.
i J r ~ 1 T J ~ 'o-(/ku/' W: - IkQf}-Jk6r, v.IJ."6f!-ma,
W ' ? ' V { ~ ' 'o.(/i-yan v. 'u-ryyd.n.
~ ~ '6ndra, Oil,.", the OOrtilern pnrt
of Orissa, Wdk.
i J { ~ ~ ' '6-1110-'1£ (Mongol word) stDcking C,
i j : f ' ~ ' 'a-Moil, 'o-doil, col. .'6-.iQ- C,., wind
. "'I pipe; ·'o-le'" lV. throat; -'Q-II! dum..te
Iii ,,,,i- he is ~ u f f o c n t c d .ij:f:r.:r 'o-lo (Mongol word?) &1,.: the place
wllere two rirers now together, the
CDnfluence of two rivers,
~ . ~ ~ ' 'O'/'fJYUIl - 'u-r9yan PIli.
Q1Il, &k. ,,11\, mystical interjection, in
'" later lIiOilooism thespobolofthellindoo
triad, in 1\S much It.ll it c o n s i s ~ 01 ~ b ? t b t r ~
GOI•
6111
s o u n d ~ , \\(Vishou), u(Shiva), Dnd m(Brah_
llla). TlJis interjeclion fre(juenlly occurs in
lhe llfl'yers of the northern Buddhists of
Tibet, and especially ill the famous 'six-
•. . . eo, _ .,s)'lIable pra)'el'" ~ · ; : : · f · . q ~ · ; : : · ~ · , ';'11 1IIa-
"Ji pad-me 11/;111, tile literal \'ersion of which
b: 10 thou jewel in the lotllS, Illim!' The
person nddressed in these words is not Bud
dhl\, but Spyan-?'os-yzifp (v. 8]J!Jan); by
some I l l ' is thought to be the author of them.
CoDcerDiDg the import of this sllOn apostrophy the best information is to be found
Kii}lp, II, 59-61. - The Tibetnns them
sch'es are ignorant of the proper seose of
these six syllables, if S{lnse at nil there be
in them, and it is not unlikely lIH1t some
shrewd priest invented this form of prayel',
in (wder to furnisll the common people with
a formula or symbol, easily to be ret..,incd
by the memory, aud the frequent recitAl ofwhich mif::ht satisfy their religiou8 wants,
And though there mny he no obvious mean
ing in such exclamations or prllyers, yet
their efficltCy is sure to be firmly believed
in by a people, whose prl\ctical religion
chiefly consists in the performance of cer
tain rites nnd ceremonies, in 1I. de\'out v&-
neration of their wmas, combined with
frequent oblations to them, in abstainingfrOID gross sins (regarding el'en the killing
of live nnimnls tIS such), lind in the Pm
dakshina (v. sJ.:or-bu 2). - The numerous
nttempts thltt ltn\'e been made to CJ;plnin
tile O m m a n i p a d m e h t 1 m ~ a t i s f n c t o r i l y , lI.ud to
discover 11 deeper sense or even 1\ hidden
wisdom in it, lu\\'e pre\'ed more or less un
successful. The most simllie nnd popular,
but also the llaUest of these upl!luations
is derired from the purely c:s:tnn.,ie eireum
SUlnce, that the SaDskrit words of the pmyer
consist of six s)'lIl'blos, IWd I\ccordiogly it
is suggested, that el'eh of these syllables,
when pl'Ol!Ounced by a piolls Bud{lhist, con
l'eys a lliessiug ulloO one of the 'six classes
of beill(;$', - The conjecture witli which
KVl'R, ClPs06 ~ i disquisition, is certainly
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608
'o~ a-hum
nothing but a smart thought of that learned
author.
^w.&o-a-lmm,
another mysticalformula,
2 used e. g.for transforming the mi-
ytudn-Sabcu into bdud-rtsi, v. the expla-
nation givenunder nan-mcod.
r 'o-fsugsSch. : propping
one's chin
on both fists, 'o-fsugsmdzad Mil
'og-rgyd beard; 'og-fstim=
'ag-fsdm.
>dg-ma throat, neck,=
Ikdg-ma; 'og-
zo a beautiful white neck, a 'milk-
neck' Glr.; 'og-sM prob. = 'os-sko Med.
'on-gu a lamp, 'on-rds the wick of
a lamp C.
OS- COS
'on-ti W. resp. for 'a,at your ser-
vice ! at your commands !
|*'on-log ptarmigan
Sch.
'
'om-mo'g throat and chest Sch.
'ol-ma C. throat, windpipe,= 'ol-
Idoh; *'6l-ma ddm-te s/-pa* to
strangle, throttle; 'ol-rko, 'ol-goh,'ol-kron
id., or ace. to others = 'ol-mdud the fore-
part of the larynx.
'os-s/b, also *6-ku* C. the chin, resp.
zal-ko.
T.
'
os -cos Ts. *o-cu* Pedicularis
Hookeriana.
• ' - l i l "-
nothing but a smart though t of tha t learned
anlbor.
.. i i. 'a-lifim , anotber i l lystical form uln,
. used e. g. for tnm sform ingtbe m i
it8d1i-ba 6CII in to Mud-mi, ,', the upla-
nation gi\'en under ftllli-mtdd.
'o-(su!p &11.: (lroppingone's chin
on both fists, 'O-uUga md:ad MiL
'og-r:gyd beard; 'og-f,w11I='ag-6&m.
'6fJ-ma throal, neck, _UOij'1Ilaj 'og
'" 'P I beautiful white neck, a 'm ilk
neck' G lr.; 'og-d:O prob. - '0 -{0 Mrd.'OJf-gu a lamp, 'o li-ra. the wick of
"V 1'I ltunp C.
'oi<-l/1V: resp. for 'a, at your ser-
vice! at your commands!
'oJi-lo[J ptarmigan &1,.
throat and chest &/1.
iff'.-r.;r 'ol-ma C. throat, windpipe, = '01-
{doli; ·'dl-11Ul ddm-te . l-po .- to
strangle, thro ttle; 'ol-rl:o, 'ol-9Oft, 'o/-f,:roil.
id" or ace. to others - 'of-mdud the fore
p:ut of the lllryml:.
'ot-d:Q, also -l1-ku- C. the chin, resp.
:al-I.'O.' tit - (lOr T,. -!J- 'ltj- PtdictJ.lar;,
l1oo/unoanao
.1 1