Thrissur Conference

8/13/2019 Thrissur Conference

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No Power is Costlier than no Power” – Dr.H.J.Bhabha



The poor of the world cannot be helped

by mass production, only by production

by the masses. The system of massproduction, based on sophisticated,

highly capital-intensive, high energy-

input dependent, and human labour-saving

technology, presupposes that you are already rich,for a great deal of capital investment is needed to

establish one single workplace. The system of

production by the masses mobilises the pricelessresources which are possessed by all human beings,

their clever brains and skilful hands, and supports

them with first-class tools.

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/scn/1/1d/160px-Maghandi.jpg&imgrefurl=http://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi&h=253&w=160&sz=10&tbnid=eqhQF8GszF0kTM:&tbnh=106&tbnw=67&hl=en&start=2&prev=/images%3Fq%3DMahat

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/scn/1/1d/160px-Maghandi.jpg&imgrefurl=http://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi&h=253&w=160&sz=10&tbnid=eqhQF8GszF0kTM:&tbnh=106&tbnw=67&hl=en&start=2&prev=/images%3Fq%3DMahat



First law of economics :

"The amount of real

leisure a society enjoys

tends to be in inverse

proportion to the

amount of labour-saving

machinery it employs."

Dr.E.F.Schumacher

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.godspy.com/issues/images/efschumacher_article.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.godspy.com/issues/The-Education-and-Catholic-Conversion-of-E-F-Schumacher-by-Joseph-Pearce.cfm&h=193&w=150&sz=7&tbnid=tyLVMWliggOKcM:&



Modernise the Traditional-Traditionalise

the Modern

-Prof.Y.Nayudamma

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.clri.org/images/leadership/lNayudu.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.clri.org/dnayudamma.html&h=145&w=120&sz=3&tbnid=rszRxiqg9PKiWM:&tbnh=89&tbnw=73&hl=en&start=20&prev=/images%3Fq%3DNayudamma%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3De



No Power is Costlier than No Power - Dr. H.J. Bhabha

Put the RENEWABLES to work: To get in-exhaustible,pollution free energy

which cannot bemisused .

You see things as they are and wonder why ? I dream of

things that never were and ask why not ?

- Robert F. Kennedy



Solar Water Heater





Two vertical and cylindrical drums made ofstainless steel/copper of height 0.6 m and

diameter 32cm.

Polyethylene cover to simulate greenhouse effect.

A lotus shaped omni-directional stainless

steel reflector. A bamboo basket with rock wool and

polyethylene covering acts as insulator.

DESIGN DETAILS



OPERATION

Water filled with potable water at 9 am.

Insulator covered over the collector at 4 pm.

Temperatures up to 70 degrees Celsius can be

obtained in south India

100 litre unit costs around US 135

(about Rs. 6000) in South India.



ADVANTAGES:

The Unit is mobile and easy to install and

dismantle while transporting.

No necessity of cold water supply through

pipes.

No need for overhead storage tank to supply

cold water.

There is no need to have separate collector as it

is an integrated system.

Since the collector is made of stainless steel,

the hot water will be hygienic.





Solar Drier





ADVANTAGES

The contents dry quickly.

The contents will be hygienic as they are

protected from dust because of

transparent cover.

The contents are free from bird menace like

crows as there is a thick covering.

When sudden rain comes, the contents

are protected because of the polyethylene

cover.

The units are light and easy to carry.



All the materials used in the fabrication ofthese simple solar driers are available

locally and the units can be fabricatedlocally.

Fabrication of these simple units generates

local employment.

The smaller unit costs Rs 70(about 1.2 US $)and the bigger Unit Rs 200(about 4US $ ).



CONSERVATION OF ELECTRICITY IN ELECTRICPUMPSETS

Considerable losses in the exit side of electricpump sets.

A low angled (10 degrees) cone metallic, 1 foot

long fitted at the exit of the delivery pipe.

5 to 9% energy saving has been found out in 50cases.

In India about 90 lakh (9 million) electric pumpsetsin operation in addition to lakhs of diesel sets.



ENERGY CONSERVATION IN PUMPSETS



At the Electric pumpset site a tank of length 2 m,width 1m and height 1 m is a common sight in

India. Can’t this head be utilized ?

From the outlet the water flows by gravitationonly.

A micro hydro generator with a pelton wheel, alow RPM generator and pulleys are fixed to astand.

A diode to arrest the reverse flow of current is

included.

The unit costs about Rs 4000(about US $ 80) andcan be fabricated locally.

The unit can be utilized to charge about 3 leadacid car batteries in parallel.

MICRO HYDRO DEVICE FOR LOW HEADS



MICRO HYDRO DEVICE FOR LOW HEADS



Evaporation produces cooling

Two canvas bags filled with potablewater and placed before a tablefan(pedestral).

Water gets cooled and can be taken

away for drinking purposes. Room also gets cooled

If more water required for housesand restaurants, number of

canvas bags placed in semi-circularway

And the pedestral fan put incircular motion.

The canvas bag each costs Rs.25(50 US Cents).

AIR CUM WATER COOLER



Electric Washing Machine

PEDAL OPERATED WASHING MACHINE



Galvanised Iron box of 38 by 38 by 61 cm

dimensions.

Outside aluminium wheel and inside fibre glasswheel.

Inside portion of the box made curvature to facilitate

centrifugal motion.The box provided with a pipe to drain out the water.

The box mounted on the sewing machine stand andconnected by the rope for pedaling.

If not in use the sewing machine can be put back onthe stand.

The unit costs about Rs 500(US $ 10) except the

sewing machine stand.

PEDAL OPERATED WASHING MACHINE





The unit is cost-effective.

The unit is mobile. The fabrication of the unit will generate local

employment.

The unit helps to conserve energy.

Men and women are already accustomed tooperating sewing machines, and the operationof this pedal-operated washing machine is not

strenuous. The life of the clothing is extended compared

to hammering it on stone.

Operating of the machine provides exercise.

ADVANTAGES

HAND OPERATED BATTERY CHARGER



HAND OPERATED BATTERY CHARGER

Solar Electric modules are used to

charge batteries for a television and light Wind battery chargers are in wide use in

Mangolia.

Solar /Wind battery charger(about 100 W capacity) costs about

Rs 30,000 (US $ 640) in India.

Wind and Solar are intermittent.

Abundant manpower available in

countries like India.



DESIGN DETAILS

Bicycle wheel, low RPM generator that is mounted

on a frame and driven by V-belt.

There is a handle attached to the system

A blocking diode to prevent reverse flow of

current.

OPERATION



OPERATION:

Three 12 volt lead-acid batteries are

connected in parallel and then to the batterycharger.

By rotating the wheel for six hours, the

batteries can be charged. Since many of the sewing machines are hand

operated in Northern India, people arefamiliar with this sort of system.

Compared to pedaling system, one can useboth the hands alternatively to rotate thewheel.

ADVANTAGES



The whole unit weighs about 6 Kg and is mobile – it can becarried on the back.

It provides employment to rural people.

The unit is easy to fabricate, even in rural workshops.

In most countries, generators are available, and if not, theycan be imported. Many countries exempt renewable energyequipment and generators from customs duty. Alternatively

automobile generators can be used by changing thewindings.

The Unit is inexpensive – it costs about Rs 7000( about US $ 150).

It can be operated with either hand.

It occupies little space.

Women,as well as children, can operate the system.

ADVANTAGES



Impure water is the root cause for many diseases

in Africa,Latin America and Asia.

Solar Dis-infection method uses the sun’s

ultraviolet radiation(UV) to improve themicrobiological

Quality of drinking water synergies induced byradiation and thermal treatment have a significant

effect on the die-off rate of microorganisms.

A simple Solar Dis-infection system utilizing localmaterial is designed for developing countries.

EVERYBODY’S JAGA SODIS

DESIGN DETAILS



36 cm length, 30 cm breadth and 5 cm depth woodenframes(2) with corrugated Galvanised Iron sheet are

made with folding arrangement. The corrugated GI sheetis coated with black colour for greater absorption of sunlight. The planks are provided with a movable stand onthe back so that the system can be oriented south facing

suiting to the latitude of the place for optimum utilizationof sun shine.The system is provided with a hook andhandle to carry it anywhere.

To increase the temperature a bamboo basket of 1 mdiameter (concave shaped) is covered with tinfoil sheetfor reflection and concentration of sunlight. The systemis placed at the center of the basket.

DESIGN DETAILS



OPERATION

Glass bottles(clear) are cleaned and water is

put into them up to 75% and shaken well for 20seconds. Solar dis-infection is more efficient inwater containing high levels of oxygen. Shakingthe bottles could increase oxygen levels. Onreacting with water, sunlight produces highlyreactive forms of oxygen. These reactive forms ofoxygen kill the microorganisms. Then the bottles

are filled with water to the full. The bottles areplaced in sunlight for 6 hours and taken to a coolplace for use.



If the water is turbid, paste from the seed of

Nirmal (strychnos potatorum linn) can be used to

clear the turbidity and then the clear water used

for solar disinfection.

One can put the Tulasi leaves(Ocimum Sanctum)

in the solar disinfected water for preservation and

to provide flavour.



ADVANTAGES

The Unit costs about Rs 500(about US $ 11) and as such

available to everybody.

All the materials in the fabrication of the unit are

available locally.

The unit is mobile.

The unit is modular

Production of units at local level generates employment

in rural areas of the developing countries.

The unit is expected to be a boon for developing

countries rural populations in providing potable

water.









• SET 1:

• First Picture:Jaga SODIS without Reflector with glass bottles.Second Picture:Glass Bottles in Jaga SODIS with Concave ShapedBamboo Reflector with Aluminium Foil.

Third Picture:Jaga SODIS With Staiunless Steel Reflector.

BY THE USAGE OF REFLECTORS, THE LIGHTINTENSITY INCREASES BY A FACTOR OF FOUR.

•THE PET BOTTLES MELT IN HIGH AMBIENTTEMPERATURES(AROUND 45 Degrees Celsius). TheGlass bottles withstand temperatures upto 80 degreecelsius. One can get pasturisation temperatures withGlass Bottles and reflectors.





•

SET 2:First Picture:Stainless steel Reflector with Glass bottles inSODIS System.

Second Picture:Glass bottles in SODIS System with ConcaveShaped Bamboo Reflectorwith Aluminium Reflector.





• SET 3:First Picture:

Glass bottles put in Stainless steel reflector.In this system

light passes through the system second time which will increaseexposure and eliminate shadowing.

Second Picture:

shows Nirmali Seeds(Botanical Name: Str ichnos Potatorum, which are traditionally used for water purification especiallyturbid water. People rub the seed on a clean stone and put thepaste in the turbid water . After half of an hour the turbiditysettles down. The seeds are available in forests and very cheap.

Third Picture:The Solar Disinfected water transferred to a stainless steelcontainer(after cooling to room temperature) leaves ofTulasi(Botanical Name: Ocimum Sanctum . The Tulasi leaveshavemedicinal value. In Hindu temples Teertham(holy water) is

preserved by putting Tulasi leaves.





Innovative Solar Disinfection System



Innovative Solar Disinfection System large



Abraham Lincoln Foresaw Age of Wind Power

You know who predicted the age of wind power? Abraham Lincoln, that’s who.

http://renewablebook.com/2011/02/08/abraham-lincoln-foresaw-age-of-wind-power/

http://commons.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Abraham_Lincoln_head_on_shoulders_photo_portrait.jpg






A New York Times article dated Nov. 22, 1936, quotes from a lecture titled“Discoveries and Inventions” Lincoln gave in 1860, before he becamepresident. Here’s the relevant part:

“ Of all the forces of nature, I should think the windcontains the largest amount of motive power … Take anygiven space of the earth’ s surface, for instance, Illinois,

and all the power exerted by all the men, beasts, runningwater and steam over and upon it shall not equal the

100th part of what is exerted by the blowing of the windover and upon the same place. And yet it has not, so farin the world ’ s history, become properly valued as motive

power. It is applied extensively and advantageously to

sail vessels in navigation. Add to this a few windmills andpumps and you have about all.As yet the wind is an untamed, unharnessed force, andquite possibly one of the greatest discoveries hereafter tobe made will be the taming and harnessing of it.”



Offshore Wind Farms



Biogas Power Plant



Power from Biogas Plant with input Opuntia



Biofuel from Agave

CAM



Crassulacean acid metabolism, also known as CAMphotosynthesis, is a carbon fixation pathway that evolved

in some plants as an adaptation to arid conditions. In a

plant using full CAM, the stomata in the leaves remain shut

during the day to reduce evapotranspiration, but open at

night to collect carbon dioxide (CO2). The CO2 is stored as the four-carbon acidmalate, and then used during photosynthesis during the day. The pre-collected CO2 isconcentrated around the enzyme RuBisCO, increasing photosynthetic efficiency.

Agave and Opuntia are CAM Plants. Wide cultivation of

these plants will help to tackle Climate Change to some

Extent.

CAM

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_fixation

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arid

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoma

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evapotranspiration

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxide

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malic_acid

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthesis

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RuBisCO

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthetic_efficiency

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthetic_efficiency

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RuBisCO

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthesis

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malic_acid

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxide

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evapotranspiration

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoma

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arid

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_fixation



Energy from Waste



Water Hyacinth – Wealth from Waste











F it f W t H i th



Furniture from Water Hyacinth







Sisal Agave Products







CLAY COVERS TO REDUCE ROOF HEATING



MULTIPLE USES OF PERISCOPE



MULTIPLE USES OF PERISCOPE

CAP TO BEAT HEAT





Innovative Fan



It is an age-old practice to use hand fans (Made of Palmaria Leaf). It

will be turned in horizontal way by holding it with hand. The air weget is gentle, as it won’t recirculate in a circular motion in the case

of Table Fan.

Here I used the motor of the WIPER and fixed a plastic fan withsome weight. I use an inverter to use it with AC. Alternatively One

can use small batteries to drive it when power is off. Many people in

offices put the Ceiling Fan/Table Fan/Pedestal Fan in slow motion.In such cases this novel fan will be very useful. Moreover one can

put one’s own design as hand fan. It costs around Rs 500(about

US$10) in South India.





and there will be outlets to takeout hot water from each



and there will be outlets to takeout hot water from each

copper tube around the burners separately with tap

system (left side of the stove). The copper tubes

connected to the water tank can be separated while

moving the stove from place to place. Here the copper

tube utilizes part of the heat that touches the plate of the

stove. In this some energy which goes as waste (heating

the surface of the stove) is utilized to produce hot water

for cleaning. This is a clear case of energy conservat ion .

By having larger tank one can get hot water for bathing

also. This sys tem can be adopted in the case of biogas

stove also . Especially in cold regions, it will be a boon in

supplying hot water. This system costs around Rs 350/-

(about US$ 8) except the stove. It finds extensive use in

MULTIPLE USE GAS STOVE



MULTIPLE USE GAS STOVE

MULTIPLE USE GAS STOVE – SIDE VIEW





KITCHEN WITH BIOGAS STOVE

FIRE PROOF APRON TO AVOID KITCHEN ACCIEDENTS



FIRE PROOF APRON TO AVOID KITCHEN ACCIEDENTS













But small is powerless, we're used to thinking. Well, atoms are

small. So are viruses.

"If you think you are too small to make a difference, trysleeping with a mosquito." -- the Dalai Lama

Five ways to improve affordability. First, easy payments in



instalments (which have revolutionised rural sales of TVs,

cellphones, two-wheelers and houses). Second, dramatic cost-cutting

(some goods and services in India cost just 2-10% of the US cost).

Third, goods in small rather than large packings (e.g., shampoo in

sachets instead of bottles).

Fourth, pay-by-use (paying Rs 20 for internet use at an e-caféinstead of buying a computer). Fifth, direct distribution, cutting out

intermediaries (e.g., ITC buying directly from farmers at e-choupals,

and selling to them directly through Choupal Sagar shops

Dr.C.K.Prahalad



MODERNISE THE TRADITIONAL – TRADITIONALISE THE MODERN.

SCIENCE TO SERVE SOCIETY – SOCIETY TOSUPPORT SCIENCE.

A T

ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGY

AFFORDABLE TECHNOLOGY

ADAPTABLE TECHNOLOGY

ACCEPTABLE TECHNOLOGY

ACCESSIBLE TECHNOLOGY

KISS PRINCIPLE



KISS PRINCIPLE

KEEP IT S IMPLE SIR

“ANYBODY CAN MAKE THINGS



COMPLICATED BUT IT REQUIRES A

GENIUS TO MAKE THINGS SIMPLE”

ALBERT EINSTEIN



Put the RENEWABLES to WORK: Toget in exhaustible, Pollution –FreeEnergy which cannot be misused.



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Thrissur Conference