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A journey to Central Dogma of Molecular Biology
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Threads of LifeMPH
19-11-15
Lecture Objectives
By the end of this lecture you should be able to:
• Appreciate important events in the history of Nucleic Acid Research
• Understand the role of DNA and RNA in the cell
• Explain the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology
• Describe some the techniques involving DNA and RNA and their application in modern research and diagnostics
The Central DogmaDNA-RNA-Protein
The Genome Size
The Nobel Prize Physiology Medicine• 2001 "for discoveries concerning
genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death'“
• 2002 "for their discoveries concerning genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death‘
• 2003 “MRI”• 2004 "for their discoveries of
odorant receptors and the organization of the olfactory system"
• 2005 "for discovery of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori and its role in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease"
• 2006 "for discovery of RNA interference - gene silencing by double-stranded RNA"
2007 "for discoveries of principles for introducing specific gene modifications in mice by the use of embryonic stem cells"2009 "for the discovery of how chromosomes are protected by telomeres and the enzyme telomerase"2008 for the discovery of ‘’human papilloma viruses causing cervical cancer“2010 for the development of in vitro fertilization"2011 "for the discoveries concerning the activation of innate immunity“ 2012 "for the discovery that mature cells can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent"2013 for the discoveries of machinery regulating vesicle traffic, major transport system in our cells2014 for the discoveries of cells that constitute a positioning system in the brain
Modified from Strachan and Read . Source: http://geneticssuite.net/node/33
Beyond Central Dogma
RNA Can Carry Genetic Information
RNA Can Make and Break Molecule
RNA Can Silence Molecules
Protects the cellsAffects protein formation
RNA Responds to the Environment