Thought: using what I know

I think therefore I am

OverviewThought: Using what we knowReasoning rationallyBarriers to reasoning rationallyIntelligenceThe origins of intelligenceAnimal minds

chapter 7

The Student Will

• List the 5 units of thought in their Cornell Notes and their Graphic Organizer (exit ticket)

• List the Kinds of thinking in their Graphic Organizer (3)

• Summarize thinking and the basic concept

Elements of cognitionConceptMental category that groups objects, relations, activities, abstractions, or qualities having common propertiesBasic concepts have a moderate number of instances and are easier to acquire.A prototype is an especially representative example.

PropositionA meaningful unit, built of concepts, expressing a single idea

SchemaAn integrated mental network of knowledge, beliefs, and expectations concerning a particular topic.

ImageA mental representation that resembles what it represents

chapter 7

Units of Thinking (5)

• Image- picture in the minds eye• Symbol- abstract unit • Concept- anger, joy, sadness (emotions)• Prototype= best example; golden retriever or

Chihuahua• Rule/proposition- the pitchers mound is 60ft.

6 inches from home plate;

Thanksgiving image

Symbol

Symbol #2

Symbol #3

Concept

prototype

Rule

Kinds of thinking

• First is Direct convergence thinking, need focus• Tasks that once have required careful

conscious attention • #1.subconscious thinking-process=

SYSTEMATIC• for example driving a car, knitting, texting• Now Do “without thinking”• Can learn to take dictation and reading

OTOH

• Nondirect / #2 Nonconscious= name or solution “pops” in your head, OUTSIDE YOUR AWARENESS

• Intuition, insight= gut feeling rather than conscious reasoning

• First stage problem automatically (memories, knowledge, patterns)

• Second stage become aware of it • Like a sudden revelation- aha I’ve got it• 2 PARTS in nonconscious processes

How conscious is thought?

Subconscious processesMental processes occurring outside of conscious awareness but accessible to consciousness when necessary

Nonconscious processesMental processes occurring outside of and not available to consciousness

chapter 7

Types of conscious processes

Implicit learningWhen you have acquired knowledge about something without being aware how you did so, and without being able to state exactly what you have learned

MindlessnessMental inflexibility, inertia, and obliviousness in the present context

chapter 7

Conscious Process• #3 Implicit ( nonconscious)- don’t know how learned it, can’t

state exactly what you learned• For Example- walking up a flight of stairs, learning native

language• Mindlessness- mental inflexibility• Xerox machine experiment- can I use machine, can I use

machine to make copies, can I use machine I’m in a rush• Normally let go for third request• But people also complied when heard meaningless explanation• Sugar free! Salt• dairy free! paper clips

Summary

• Thinking Units• Types of thinking