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SUMMARY OF NEW SCIENTIFIC RESULTS OF PhDTOPICS: State management on notarization and authentication in Vietnam

Major: Public Administration Management Code: 62 34 82 01Student Research: Phan Hai HoStaff instructions: 1. Prof. Dr Pham Hong Thai 2. Vice Prof. Dr. Truong Thi HienTraining institution: Academy of Public Administration,Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics and

Public Administration (HCMA).Theoretical research and practical management of the state on notarization and authentication;

on the basis that the proposed solutions improve state management on notarization and authenticationin Vietnam in the future.

The new contribution of theory and practice, new arguments drawn from the results of studiesand surveys of the thesis is basically:

1.Find arguments to assert that, notarization and authentication have the same nature referredto as "witness", just actors "witness" State "empowerment rights" could "testify"in the form ofnotarized or certified; should not specified subject" witness "in the Decree No. 79/2007/ND-CP dated18/05/2007 of the Government on the issue of copies from master registers, authenticationcopies fromoriginals and authentication of signatures (hereinafter referred to as Decree No. 79) only officers andemployees. From this argument, proposing a notary can simultaneously "witness" contracts,

transactions and signed "witness" copy paper, signed to simplified administrative procedures andfacilitate fish persons or organizations.

2.Research and found out that there are 2 types of authentication: (1) Activities ofauthentication can be "socialized", meaning "empower" organizations and individuals "non-state"implementation (lawyers, notaries can also testify), which are not directly related to human rights,personal rights, the competent state agencies do not need to store, manage directly, for example:original documents issued by any agency of the agencies that store manager directly; competent stateagencies do not need to store, manage directly, such as diplomas, certificates or signature of theperson;(2) activities of authentication can not be "socialized" means officers and employees of stateagencies have the authority to "bear witness", which is directly related to human rights, the righttohuman body and the competent state agencies must have responsibilities and obligations storage,direct management, for example: judicial, human level, marital status, poverty status, sexualloss of

identity card ... From (1) and (2) proposed the "socialization" some activities authentication, indirectways of state management for authentication activities can be "socialized" as for certified, constructionLaw certification two separate regulatory as (1) and (2); same time, for (2) can be built on oath as anumber of countries around the worldto simplified administrative procedures and enhance "personalresponsibility of citizens" in the law.

3.Complete research proposal Certified Public administration of institutions, including theinstitutional emphasis on notarial office, notary activities, notaries, namely: how to manage indirecttransformationof notarial office according to business type, standard appointed notary public, freenotary ...; proposes to amend and supplement the provisions of the law on notary public in accordancewith the provisions oflegislation such as the land Law (example: Law Notaries and the 2003 LandLaw has the right to "bear witness" to the different land contract; notary Law and CommercialLawunity of the object of the contract is the property in the future; certified Law and the Civil Code

provisions different way authorized to terminate the contract).

ON BEHALF OF THE SCIENTIFIC GUIDANCE STUDENT RESEARCH

(Signed) (Signed)

Prof. Dr. Pham Hong Thai Phan Hai Ho


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TM TT NHNG KT QU KHOA HC MI CA LUN N TIN S TI: QUN L NH NC V CNG CHNG, CHNG THC VIT

NAMChuyn ngnh : Qun l Hnh chnh cng M s : 62 34 82 01

Nghin cu sinh : Phan Hi HCn b hng dn : 1. GS. TS. Phm Hng Thi 2. PGS.TS. Trng Th

HinC s o to: Hc vin Hnh chnh thuc Hc vin Chnh tr - Hnh chnh Quc gia H

Ch Minh.Nghin cu l lun v thc tin ca qun l nh nc (QLNN) v cng

chng, chng thc; trn c s xut cc gii php hon thin QLNN v cngchng, chng thc Vit Nam trong thi gian ti.

Nhng ng gp mi v mt l lun v thc tin, nhng lun im mi rtra t kt qu nghin cu, kho st ca lun n v c bn l:

1. Tm ra c cc lun c khng nh rng, cng chng v chng thcc bn cht chung l lm chng, ch cn cc ch th lm chng c nhnc trao quyn cng quyn l c th lm chng bng hnh thc cng chnghoc chng thc; khng nn quy nh ch th lm chng ti Ngh nh s79/2007/N-CP ngy 18/05/2007 ca Chnh ph v cp bn sao t s gc, chngthc bn sao t bn chnh, chng thc ch k (gi tt l Ngh nh 79) ch l cnb, cng chc. T lp lun ny, xut cng chng vin c th ng thi k lmchng hp ng, giao dch v k lm chng bn sao giy t, ch k gintin th tc hnh chnh v to thun tin cho c nhn, t chc.

2. Nghin cu v pht hin ra rng, chng thc c 2 loi: (1) Hot ng

chng thc c th x hi ha, ngha l trao quyn cho cc t chc, c nhnngoi nh nc thc hin (lut s, cng chng vin cng c th lm chng), l nhng vic khng lin quan trc tip n quyn con ngi, quyn nhn thn, cquan nh nc c thm quyn khng cn lu tr, qun l trc tip, v d: giy tbn chnh do c quan no cp c quan lu tr, qun l trc tip; c quan nhnc c thm quyn khng cn lu tr, qun l trc tip nh vn bng, chng chhoc ch k ca con ngi; (2) Hot ng chng thc khng th x hi ha,ngha l cn b, cng chc thuc c quan nh nc c thm quyn phi lmchng, l nhng vic lin quan trc tip n quyn con ngi, quyn nhnthn m c quan nh nc c thm quyn phi c trch nhim, ngha v lu tr,qun l trc tip, v d: l lch t php, tng th v con ngi, tnh trng hnnhn, tnh trng h ngho, tnh trng mt Chng minh nhn dn T (1) v (2) xut x hi ha mt s hot ng chng thc, cch thc qun l nh nc gintip i vi nhng hot ng chng thc c th x hi ha nh i vi cngchng, xy dng Lut Chng thc vi 2 ch nh ring bit nh (1) v (2); ngthi, i vi (2) c th xy dng ch nh tuyn th nh mt s nc trn th gii gin tin cc th tc hnh chnh v nng cao trch nhim c nhn cng dntrc php lut.


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3. Nghin cu, xut hon thin cc th ch QLNN v cng chng, trong ch trng cc th ch v Vn phng cng chng, hot ng cng chng, cng chngvin, c th: cch thc qun l gin tip, chuyn i m hnh Vn phng cng chngtheo cc loi hnh doanh nghip, tiu chun b nhim cng chng vin, min tp scng chng vin; xut sa i, b sung cc quy nh php lut v cng chng

cho ph hp vi quy nh ca php lut khc nh Lut t ai (v d: Lut Cngchng v Lut t ai 2003 quy nh ch th c quyn lm chng i vi cc hpng v t ai khc nhau; Lut Cng chng v Lut Thng mi quy nh khngthng nht v i tng ca hp ng l ti sn hnh thnh trong tng lai; Lut cngchng v B lut Dn s quy nh khc nhau v cch thc chm dt hp ng yquyn).

TM. TP TH HNG DN KHOA HCNGHIN CU SINH

GS.TS. Phm Hng ThiPhan Hi H

INTRODUCTION

1. Urgency of the topicStarting from the problem: the requirements of the implementation of the new publicmanagement, transfer the "administrative rule" to "administrative service", separating thefunctions of state management and service delivery functions ; requirements for perfecting the

perfect organizational structure of state management on notarization and authentication;requirements on science and public administration theory and practice activities notarization andauthentication set for state management issues need to be studied.Prior to the above requirements, the author chose the subject "State Management notarization inVietnam," Ph.D. dissertation Administration.2.The aim and research tasks2.1. PurposeResearch solve some theoretical and practical problems of state management for notarization andauthentication; propose models and solutions to strengthen state management notarized in orderto ensure effective best in the industry to serve the people.2.2. TasksClarify the basics of notarization and authentication; theoretical basis of the difference between

being able to "socialize" and of not being able to "socialize"; research, clarify the reasoning aboutstate management: concept, role, and content management features state notarization; analysis,assessing the situation on notarization and authentication operations and management statenotarization; propose the solution to improve the state management on notarization andauthentication.3.The object and scope of the study3.1. SubjectsResearch on the organization and operation notarized, authenticated, authorized entitiesnotarization, authentication, notarial organizations, agencies competent specialized state


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management and content management state for notarization and authentication.3.2. Scope- Content Research: Research on the organization and operation of notarization, and managementof state for notarization and authentication.- Space Research: On the national scale, case study of Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City; surveyorganizations, consult: the notary, who shall authenticate and people in need notarization and

authentication on three provinces: Dong Nai, Binh Duong and Ho Chi Minh city.- Duration of study: The study data and related documents notarized, authenticated and managedstate for notarization from 2007 to present.4. The new contribution of the thesis4.1. TheoreticalClarify the basics of notarization and authentication; common nature notarized; analysis to clarifythe role of notarization; concepts, roles, content management state certified authentication;-depthanalysis of the theory on new public management theory; analysis, comparing the statemanagement institutions about notarized, authenticated, the practical value of notarization andauthentication; highlight the urgency "socialization" notarized; analysis, evaluate legal issues andmanaging the implementation of "socialization", the authentication type can be "socialized ;system analysis, supplemented with theoretical issues on notarization, authentication and

management of state notarization, authentication, specify how weak state management fornotarization this implementation, the underlying cause, the limitations in the provision of publicservices by thinking "state" of the present and its consequences; proposed the scientificmanagement solution for public notarization and authentication, especially how to manage forVPCC, a subject of new problems arise and management are posing new challenges for themanagement of specialized state.4.2. PracticesSet the stage theory and practice to make proposals "socialization" in a scientific activitynotarization; proposed application model "thoroughly socialization", how to manage state fornotarization and real post "socialization", determine the direction of specialized state managementnotarized, authenticated, certified or authenticated views can be "socialized" completely in theface new scene; arguments and solutions to improve the relevant laws and strengthening state

management notarized fact.5. Structure of the ThesisIn addition to the introduction, conclusion and a list of references, thesis is built into fourchapters: Chapter 1. Overview of research problems; Chapter 2. Rationale management of statenotarization; Chapter 3. Current status of state management on notarization and authentication;Chapter 4. Some views and complete solution to manage state notarization and authentication.


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Chapter 1.OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH ISSUES

1.1. Analysis and evaluation of relevant research1.1.1. The study abroadMichael L. Closen, Trevor J. Orsinger and Bradley A. Ullrick (Winter 2001) of the University ofSan Francisco law - A U.S. research on the topic: "Notarial Records and the Preservation of the

Expectation of Privacy"; Prof. Dr. Reinhold Geimer and the German delegation has reportedsubject: "XXIII International Congress of Latin Notaries". In general the main subject researchactivities notarized, notary public institutions, notaries research without state management fornotarization and authentication. Also, there are a number of works such as: Official Notary PublicHandbook, USA - State of New York, Secretary of State's Office, Business Services andLicensing Divisions, (2004); Notary Public Disciplinary Guidelines, USA - Secretary of State,State of California , (2001); Notary Public Handbook, USA - Secretary of State, State ofCalifornia, Notary Public Section, (2005). The work is mainly manual a number of specific issuesnotarial profession, the principle of making a certificate that is not yet research on themanagement of state notary.1.1.2.Studies in Vietnam"What's new Basic Law of 2006"; "The similarities and differences between two notary public

institutions"; "Notary Vietnam in the market economy model driven notarized La-crystal ";" whatyou should know about state Notary Public ";" the theoretical and practical problems indetermining the scope and content of notarial acts and legal validity of the notarized documents inour country now ";" certified organization and operation state in our country today. "Thesestudies have not mentioned much about state management, mainly specific research on thevalidity of notarized documents, notarized organization.1.2. These problems exist thesis should focus on solvingThe research and study abroad is not the problem: not to mention the state management onnotarization and authentication should have to study plausible arguments, consistent with science


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and public administration ; not study and make theories about the nature of notarization is to"witness" Guinea must study and have to handle in public management thinking to solve thetarget set in scientific theories; due to countries around the world do not have the termauthentication; in our country, mainly on the studies should not have a theoretical basis forinheritance, to painstakingly research, given political science, in line with the new publicadministration management theory in the process of administrative reform our country.

Need to clarify the following issues: the present theory of authentication like? Need specificresearch activities, comparisons, evaluation with notarized activities to solved the problem"socialization"; common nature of notarization and authentication? How to manage state in thenew context of the application of new public management model in practice how our country?;Way for state management how the current evidence? The issue of "socialization" and "socialclimate" of management in any way effective in the near future?; Institutional problems of statemanagement for notarization and authentication in our country now how? Future studies need anaccurate assessment on the basis of inheriting the researchers to suggest the perfect solution.Particular institutional problems of state management for VPCC need the complete researchproposal; provisions of law relating to state management for notarization and authentication ofthe proposed research should be How perfect to suit the science of public administration and inaccordance with practical conditions, the level of operation of the public administration,

legislative skills, the elaboration of the country's current stage.To solve the system and ensure the scientific issues mentioned above, management thesisresearch state notarization must have a combination of research, evaluation of subject of theauthors in and abroad to consult experts, management science curriculum, materials, practicaldata to make their independent views of through 3 basic content of the following: (1) clarify thetheoretical basis of state management on notarization and authentication; (2) analyze and evaluatethe current status of state management on notarization and authentication; (3) providesviewpoints and solutions improve state management on notarization and authentication.1.3. The objective of the subjectFind arguments to suggest "socialization" authentication; proposed indirect state management forauthentication activities can socialize, proposed building certification or regulatory law underoath; find a reason for stating the causes and propose solutions to improve state management for

notarization and authentication and can be applied into practice.1.4. Content and research methods1.4.1. Research content1.4.1.1. Clarify the rationale for state management on notarization and authenticationResearch notarization is supporting activities to ensure management of the state; research thesis:"Governance of notarization and authentication management is an area of the state"; stated thebusiness experience of the world of state management for notarization and authentication.1.4.1.2. Analysis and evaluation of the current status of state management on notarizationand authenticationSpecifying the practical factors affecting the state management on notarization andauthentication; study assessing the status of state management on notarization and authentication;analyze, clarify achieved, the problems At the moment, limited to the basis of proposed solutions

in order to improve the state management on notarization and authentication.1.4.1.3. Provide orientation and propose solutions to improve the state management onnotarization and authenticationAnalyze some point improve state management notarized; propose the solution to improve thestate management on notarization and authentication (the study of general management solutionsstate certified authentication; research management solutions specifically state notarization).1.4.2. Research MethodologyLearn methods and data; historical method; survey method, survey; methods of expertise;comparison method; empirical method; method of analysis, synthesis.


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Chapter 2THEORETICAL BASIS OF STATE MANAGEMENT

OF THE SECURITIES AND CERTIFICATION

2.1. Notarization and authentication - support activities to ensure management of the state2.1.1. The concept of notarization and authentication2.1.1.1. For notary

Look at the concept of evidence in legal documents of the French colonial regime and throughoutthe country since independence to the present. Confirmed that the nature of the notarization andauthentication is always the same and need to be recognized, evaluated in a scientific way. Theauthor does not separate the concept of evidence that the research, combine to give a generalconcept of notarized in Section 2.1.1.3.2.1.1.2. For authenticationResearch authentication since President Ho Chi Minh signed Decree No. 59/SL 15/11/1945 onfixing the rules of the visa papers until Decree No. 79 came into being. Within the study, theauthor gives a general concept on notarization and authentication in Section 2.1.1.3, the scope hasbeen limited to (notarized Law, Decree No. 79) and the classification, the system certificationactivities can be "socialized" by nature testify activities.2.1.1.3. Compare notarization and authentication

The author mentioned 3 points and take a position separately: Notaries (Certified Law) andauthentication (Decree No. 79) can not differ on the subject of implementation; differ on thesubject service, due to the classification based on the subject; different processes of service;nature identical "witness"; different ways witnesses. Given the general concept according to thefunction and scope is limited to the notary public and the Decree Law No. 79: notarization,authentication is the certification of the legal authority of an event happening in practice at therequest of the State or of individuals and organizations, it is the authenticity of the contract ortransaction between the parties or with the original copy, signed with the sign in accordance withthe law.


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2.1.2.Characteristics of notarization and authenticationActivities provide special nature; made on the basis of confirmation of the correctness andlegality of the documents and papers issued by competent actors perform; confirm the validitymanagement of documents and papers; activities can be transferred to non-state organizations andindividuals responsible; guarantee provided by the State (including cases transferred to the privatesector) and State played the role of special regulation; supply, entities authorized to provide

specific services transactions with customers.2.1.3. The role of certification and authentication for social life and state managementSolid legal trust for organizations and individuals in civil transactions, and even in someeconomic transactions of competent state agencies; operation nature of the service, serve theinterests of the people but also the practical activities in the field of judicial assistance; legal basisto the competent state agency allows citizens and organizations to perform legally assigned hisservice; necessary condition for civil transactions ensuring the fact and the legal basis for courtsettlement for the parties, persons with interests and obligations related to competition acceptanceoccurs; tool support for state management function in practice management, simplified theprocedures related to the necessary papers.2.1.4. Socialization notarized - factors that enhance effective provision of administrativeservices and effective management of the state

Socialization notarization, authentication is the process of State implementation of innovationmethods of operation notarized, authenticated, gradually transferred to the individuals andorganizations "outside the state" made to improve operational efficiency and effectiveness of statemanagement.Contributing to distinguish clearly state management functions with service providers, formingnew thinking about the provision of public services; promptly serve the needs of society, creatingconditions for all people, with social status, different economic capabilities are equal, providednotarization and authentication services; reduce the burden of administrative procedures,administrative work for justice and deputy commune-level People's Committee presidents incharge of authentication; unified scientific rationale regarding notarization, authentication, on thesubject of implementation, to create favorable conditions in the implementation of the provisionsof law; help shape and enhance "personal liability of citizens before the law."

Want to "socialize" notarization must meet the following criteria: (1) to determine the scope ofservices can be "socialized", from which, knowing What kind of certificate authentication is, inthe case of a "social" or not; (2) to consider any activity, in the context of what can be"socialized", ie the mounting conditions, associated with the operation itself.1.2. State Management notarized - a field of state management2.2.1. The concept of state management on notarization and authentication"State Management notarized ways, measures that the competent State agencies acting on theimplementation activities notarization and authentication management to ensure the rightobjectives , state-oriented and desire to achieve, which is to make these activities progressaccording to the law, the legal safety in civil relations, economy, contributing prevent violationsof the law, maintain order and safety in society. "2.2.2. Characteristics and the role of state management on notarization and authentication

2.2.2.1. FeaturesThe special management under the "parallel attached", that is just under the state management ingeneral has placed under professional management in particular; differ on the subject of Statemanagement activities notarized and authenticated by the implementation mechanisms andthinking about the provision of public services; specific nature of the specialized statemanagement legal support.2.2.2.2. The roleInstitutionalized viewpoints of the Party on notarization and authentication; create safe legal basisfor the organization and operation of notarization, protecting the legitimate rights and interests of


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the actors activities notarized and also the tools to handle the legal notarization andauthentication; ensure the development-oriented organizations and activities notarized;association of socio-economic development coupled with the protection of the legitimate rightsand interests of the people through contracts, transactions and the provision of other securityservices; protect the legitimate rights and interests of the actors perform notarization andauthentication; create a legal environment full, clear, transparent, and improve effectiveness and

efficiency in the management of the organization and operation notarization and authentication.2.2.3. Contents of state management on notarization and authentication2.2.3.1. Building, institutional issued on notarization and authenticationBuilding, institutional issued notarized state management, authentication plays an important role,is a prerequisite factor for state management practices. However, state management institutionsabout notarized still lacks provisions on the establishment of the Association of Notaries, the"socialization" endorsement, institutional issues involved in the development of the officialnotarial and notarized Association, especially still many inadequacies, not in sync with the statemanagement on other areas such as land, housing.2.2.3.2. Organization can perform on notarization and authenticationOrganization of implementation of the policy of "socialization" notarization and authentication;implementation of legal documents for notarization and authentication with the specific

regulations for the operation and management of notarization and authentication; implementationof policies, institutions of state management on notarization and authentication to ensure thefollowing specific criteria: (1) strict implementation of policies and institutions is an objectiverequirement of state management; (2) the implementation of policies, institutions must ensure theforms, compliance, implementation, use and application of the law to the give rise toadministrative decisions, to suspend or terminate a particular social relations; (3) professionalguide; (4) to direct and administer the organization and activities of notarization implementation;(5) policies and regulations promulgated and implemented through specialized legal documentsnotarized or certified.2.2.3.3.Test, inspection, settlement of complaints and denunciations and handle violations ofinstitutional performance on notarization and authenticationInspection, inspection, settlement of complaints and denunciations and handle violations

institutions (especially law) on the organization and operation of notarization and authenticationis an indispensable stage in the works state management. Through the test subject will developmanagement measures to promote the advantages gained, overcoming the shortcomings andlimitations in the process of organization and operation of agencies and organizations, individuals... At the same time, timely detection of illegal acts, on the basis that the application ofappropriate remedial measures in the framework of the powers permitted by law in order torestore law and order and order management administrative state has been compromised.2.2.3.4. Reporting regime, the preliminary review, evaluate, learn from experience in themanagement of state notarization and authenticationReporting regime to capture the information and facts on the organization and operation of thenotarization; assess the rationale and effective regulations for the organization and operationnotarization and authentication; for the organization of the Department of Justice, PCC, VPCC,

the district-level People's Committee of the commune; assess the theoretical basis for thecoordination of these agencies from central agencies to local state management on notarizationand authentication. Review and evaluation activities notarized in order to capture the information,the actual data on the activities of notarization to help agencies, individuals and organizationsfunction, task powers in the field of notarization, timely construction, adjustment of the strategy,planning, development plans, policies and legislation in this area.2.2.4.Subject of state management and state decentralization issues on notarization andauthentication2.2.4.1. Ministry of Justice


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The Ministry of Justice functions, duties and powers in Article 17 of Decree No. 75; Article 20,Decree No. 79; Law notarized according to the hierarchy, empowered by the Government underthe provisions of law.2.2.4.2. Provincial People's Committee and the Department of JusticePPC management law provisions state notarization made in Article 19 of Decree 75; Article 20,Decree No. 79; Notary Law. Is a specialized agency of the provincial People's Committee, the

Department of Justice is empowered to manage the specialized notarization and in Article 19 ofDecree No. 75.2.2.4.3. District-level People's CommitteesDistrict-level People's Committee is not subject state management activities notarized but thefunction of State management operations certification under Article 20 of Decree No. 75: performgeneral management functions and authorize the Justice Department to help carry out the dutiesand powers of the state management of authentication. Decree No. 79 is not authorized toperform the function of State management endorsement of the district-level People's Committeefor Justice at the same level. In fact, the Department of Justice to perform the tasks assigned onthe basis of specialized state management of the People's Committees of the same level.2.2.5.State management issues after the "socialization" activities notarization andauthentication

State to promulgate policies, institutions generally agreed to "testify", the institution must beclearly defined, more uniform; Organizations "witness" to be managed uniformly, indirectthrough the Association "witness", the State does not interfere with the professional "witness";database systems store, after stock management, state management must be designed, builtdevelop consistent and complete; state of training, management skills training for theiremployees, organizations practice "witness" is responsible for self-training, training forpractitioners its state support only when needed.2.3. Some international experience on the management of state for notarization andauthentication2.3.1. State management of notary in FranceDecree dated 11.02.1945 French notaries regulations "Judge of the contract," another withAuthentication member is "endorse these simple". Certified Law of our country very much

influenced by the French Notaries Ordinance (there are many similarities: the notary appointed bythe Minister of Justice, VPCC, conditions become a notary, the value of notarized documents).2.3.2. State management of notary in ChinaConvert the PCC from state administrative agencies into public service organizations through thenotary cuts from the budget. The State shall not establish certified organization that promotes theestablishment of notarial organizations in the form of service organization performing the work,in which the notary is the legal implementation of the certification of State to legally notarizeddocuments do not change.2.3.3. State Management notarization made in Thailand and Australia"Socialization" radical form of privatization; law requires notarization and authentication rights

and personal responsibility for the subject to perform the notarization; law requires accountabilityfish of the subject requires notarization and authentication; State (State Government - State

Government in Australia and provinces in Thailand) perform management functions through itsparallel provisions for two subjects: notarization, authentication and notarization andauthentication needs.2.3.4. State management model notaries in PolandMinister of Justice decision on the establishment of the PCC, the appointment and dismissal ofthe notary. Notaries and certified professional representative bodies are placed under themanagement and supervision, direct inspection of the Minister of Justice, who may personally orthrough the Chief Judge of Appeals ... Minister of Justice issued edicts detailing the inspection;


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require a notary, together with the Ministry of Justice or the Court shall examine the operation ofthe notary public and industry representative bodies stock .In short, can draw the following lessons: modeling the notary as "Judge of the contract", certifiedas "Judge of the simple"; establish social organizations Careers notarial authentication; modelingon the basis of management practices notarized and decentralization of activities in this field;roadmap for cutting the PCC, then proceed to "socialization" fully certified and combine

"socialization" activities authentication; institutionalized individuals, organizations notarialauthentication to establish the compensation fund or insurance charge professional liability;perform self-management mechanism, organizations notarial authentication of independent legalstatus, self-responsibility when performing the function of the State is to "empower" them;remove gradually establishing the PCC by administrative units, strengthen permits theestablishment VPCC; provisions required contents for documents notarized so that thesedocuments are valid in accordance with the Law Civil and Civil Procedure Law and a number ofrelevant laws in our country; management state notarization and authentication on a macro-level,indirect management through professional and social organizations operating notarialauthentication; administrative building institutions related to public documents, certified to strictmanagement field but also to ensure the "open" and to be "competitive" for organizations andindividuals providing services.

CONCLUSION Chapter 2State Management notarization is a theory research is needed to clarify the content management;state management results are evaluated based on results of operations notarization andauthentication ; within the inner meaning of the Decree No. 79 and certified Law, the nature ofactivities notarized and certified as "witness", the only difference is the process, object, howwitnesses; authentication within of Decree No. 79 was able to "socialization" for two reasons: (1)the service can be requested by state agencies or by the needs of the people; (2) endorse the underthe category of direct management of the state relating to the personal rights of the people, by thecompetent state management and storage; need decentralization in the provision of notaryservices, authentication and management management services because they must take intoaccount the performance when performing the assignment; should refer to the model of a number

of countries in accordance with local conditions to improve state management model onnotarization, authentication: indirect management through professional and social organizations,state management mechanisms, policies and laws.


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Chapter 3STATE STATE MANAGEMENT

OF THE SECURITIES AND CERTIFICATION

3.1. Practical factors affecting the state management on notarization and authenticationThe socio-economic conditions; tend to apply the model of "new public management" and change

perceptions, attitudes, thinking about public services; Party's policy on the management of thestate; institutions related to notarization; sense of personal responsibility of citizens before thelaw.3.2. Current status of state management notarized, authenticated content management3.2.1. Construction promulgated in State management on notarization and authenticationPhases can issue state management on notarization and authentication are more limited: not yetreceived proper attention, there is no consensus with other relevant institutions has created aconflict, overlap implementation; issued many but not focused on how to manage innovationmanagement model state indirectly, through professional organizations; yet the overall nature,overview of water management issues on notarization and authentication; institutions for anumber of issues related to the notary is not consistent with reality; way to perform intensivenature but not in accordance with scientific reasoning and practical state management.

3.2.2.Organization can implement state management on notarization and authenticationThe implementation of state management on notarization and authentication at the central andlocal levels are 2 different levels. In central text mainly issued to implement the Law on theNational Assembly's (Certified Law), Decree of the Government, to institutionalize the Party'spolicy on notarization, authentication, or the development, promulgation institutions at the macrolevel in order to implement. However, the implementation of the central still point inadequaciesexist as institutions is not uniform so the organization is not really effective deployment,administration still heavily subsidized in the policies made. At the local level, due to the impactand influenced directly from the central institutions of the organization appears to be stereotyped,


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rigid. On the other hand, due to the inconsistent management institutions, and throughout theorganization to manage this synchronization is still heavy on the sand, the local local, still apply,different use, for example: Hanoi established VPCC not need specific planning, Ho Chi Minh citywas established as planned; each location offering different standards for the establishmentVPCC.3.2.2.1. For the organization and operation of securities

* For organizations certified* For PCC. Over time, the number of PCC has grown almost throughout the province or thecountry. During the last 5 years (2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011) the number of PCC and notaryincreased.For VPCC. Since the Law on Notaries have legal effect, the concept of "socialization" of the lawhas been practice by the local establishment VPCC; VPCC number increased steadily and rapidlyincreasing over the years ; The rate of increase of VPCC, notary rate in notarial organizations alsoincrease correspondingly.The implementation of state management institutions for VPCC also has the followingshortcomings: VPCC established by way of "freedom of establishment" as a scheme of Hanoi or"established limits, by planning and time "of Ho Chi Minh City are a matter of controversy andproblems in theory and practice; any section notaries at VPCC not ensure the performance

requirements of notarial activities by provisions on free vocational training and apprenticeshipnotary public; VPCC been uneven established in local, inappropriate distribution in each locality;institutional management of state securities regulation VPCC terminated when there is a deadnotary established and legal issues deal with the consequences of the termination of activities ofVPCC should cause difficulties for the implementation of the practice; transformation the VPCCbusiness in actually be carried out according to the mechanism? Applicable legislation to addresswhen this transition.Review, evaluate general notarial organizationsNumber of PCC and VPCC through the year with different growth increase; Quantity notary atPCC and VPCC also thrive; powerful development of the notary and VPCC is an objective law ofthe "social socialization "; Implementing state management institutions for the notary also complywith the provisions of law; As of 30/10/2011 [1], there were 370 active VPCC in 52/63 provinces

and cities directly under the Central Government expressed strong growth, in accordance withsocial requirements.* For certified operationsThe number of contracts and transactions made in the notarial organization higher than before theimplementation of the Law on Notaries, contracts, transactions increased not only in number butalso the complexity, large-value contracts, many contracts involving foreign elements;management institutional point of the state of the evidence is "professionalization andsocialization", notarized and activities also be transferred to alternative mode of public servicesfor the administrative mode; Certified Number of contracts traded after five years ofimplementation of the Law on Notaries uneven among localities; Order and procedures forhandling evidence in the basic notarial organizations comply with the law, to ensure the validityof the certificate and increasingly reform and innovation to meet the requirements of the people;

constraints Notaries in PCC and VPCC must comply with the order and the general provisions ofthe specialized legal documents; quality of the notaries and notary team better, competition isrelatively equal, healthy professional, service attitude.3.2.2.2. For organizations and certification activitiesIn practice, organizations and authentication operations division since Decree 79, Decree No. 06,Circular No. 03 and achieved some positive results (see Table 4.1 and Table 4.2 Appendix 4):Decree No. 79 of decentralization to the commune-level People's Committee and the Departmentof Justice certified the work, especially the certified copy has made it very convenient for peopleand organizations in dealing administration; administrative procedures certified under the


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provisions of Decree No. 79 is very simple, settling time authentication request be reduced to aminimum; Circular No. 03 has new rules the hereby prevent misuse copy of the administrativetransactions; Decree No. 79 allows contact with the issue of copies from the original booksthrough the mail have facilitated people; The decentralized authentication for the commune-levelPeople's Committee also facilitate commune governments more revenue from certification fees.However, the authentication operation under Decree No. 79 when applied to the implementation

in practice is still limited, the following shortcomings: Decentralization of authority certifiedcopies of documents, writing to the provincial-level People's commune and district levels onlyimmediate solution, in the long run is not appropriate in terms of theory as well as practical;certification authority regulations of the district and commune People's Committee inendorsement contracts, transactions are general; organize the administrative authenticationmechanism OSS is an issue related to administrative reform, public service reform, but in realityvery few localities; Do mechanism bureaucratic and administrative thinking power in validating anumber of local communal arbitrarily set the specified unlawful activities endorsement, someprovisions of Decree 79 has not been made or very limited implementation; authenticationactivity if limited in the scope of Decree No. 79 of socialization may be because it is simple tooperate, not associated with management functions directly related to the personal human rights.3.2.3.Inspection, inspection, settlement of complaints and denunciations and handle

violations* For certifiedOrganization, check notarial organizations; situation resolved complaints against certifiedoperations.* For authentication

The work of inspection, investigation and resolution of complaints is done in the correct order,the authority under the provisions of Decree 79. Every year, the check for this activity, throughexamination showed that the errors mainly on validating the signature of the documents,transaction authorization and authentication wrong content evaluation rights, set out therequirements prescribed by law, the fee is not in accordance with the regulations.3.3.Reviews, reviews general* The gain

State management institutions about notarized was developed, promulgated and implemented inpractice in an effective manner; activities of state management content management has beendone well, right regulations and associated practices notarized or certified.* What are the limitations and shortcomings and causesState management institutions about notarized still not complete, uniformity and consistency inthe management and operational practices have not high; many points not consistent with thepractice should happen much any limited access in the course of conducting notarization andauthentication as well as the management of the state; current status of state managementproblems arising in the management partly due to perceptions, attitudes about physical activitiesnotarization is not consistent with scientific reasoning and trends of socio-economicdevelopment, especially the science of public administration.

CONCLUSION Chapter 3Management institutions from developing countries, issued to implement the still many problemsshortcomings, problems ... should reduce the effectiveness and efficiency of specialized statemanagement. In practice, like the institutions implemented effectively, the right of the law onnotarization and authentication to ensure consistency and appropriate in terms of theory andpractice, uniformity in implementation scope, manner, the legal framework, the legal link text inmany different sectors, different water management areas.


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Chapter 4SOME OPINIONS AND FINISHING SOLUTIONS MANAGEMENT OF STATE

CERTIFICATE AUTHENTICATION

4.1. Some improve state management perspective on notarization and authenticationDecentralized to local authorities on the specific content management state for notarization;

renew the policy on notarization and authentication; Innovation powerful thinking, awareness ofservice service, administrative service; separation of management functions with service providerfunctions, boldly applied the modern relevance of the new management model for the publicadministration reform in overall, the reform of state management for notarized, authenticatedparticular; orientation mindset and how to manage state for notarization and authentication on thebasis of scientific reasoning association rules scientific management public administration.4.2.Improve water management solutions on notarization and authentication4.2.1. General solution4.2.1.1. Cognitive changes, of thinking about organizations and activities notarized, certifiedand notarized state management, authentication"Psychological propaganda to remove whatever papers"; Innovative thinking on notarization,authentication, it is necessary to immediately implement the "socialization" of the work that

notaries can also certified.4.2.1.2. Improve the institutional system of organization, activities notarized, authenticatedand managed state for notarization and authentication* CentralAmending and supplementing Decree No. 79; look build authentication into law; decentralized tothe provincial People's Committee issued legal documents for notarization; timely amend,supplement the Law on Notaries; revise the provisions in other documents related to notarizationand authentication.


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* LocalFindings, recommendations for improving the system central legal documents for notarizationand authentication; building regulations within the local hierarchy; strengthen the authority of thehead; spoke highly of supervision of the agency, improve discipline, administrative discipline,sense of civil servants; actively coordinate with other agencies and organizations buildmanagement and socio-professional organizations directly notarial organizations; proposal

certified Association (when established) and notarial organizations consulted in the process ofinstitutional development of state management..2.1.3. Construction of modern information technology system for the organization,operation notarized, authenticated and managed state for notarization and authenticationMinistry of Justice to advise the plan to build a modern information technology system;calculations, reorder system notary public institutions according to actual needs, taking intoaccount natural conditions, economic economic and social development of each specific area, donot open the PCC but to encourage organizations and individuals to open the VPCC;development, strengthen the system of new, modern software for the ""contingent administrativeprocedures.4.2.1.4. Develop and complete the "one stop shop" in the administrative procedures relatedto notarization and authentication

Innovation, improved mode of work and working relations between the state administrativeagencies, organizations and service delivery function; renewal process settlement procedures,remove Sewing and papers unreasonable, difficult, troublesome "customers" in the relatedadministrative relations notarized; timely amend the provisions in the legislation and the locallegal documents related to the process and administrative procedures; expand the scope of "one-stop-shop" to concerted better combination when dealing with work related.4.2.2.Specific solutions4.2.2.1. Solutions for the organization and operation of certification and authentication* Renewal of notarization and authentication methodDetermine what kind of work can be notarized, authenticated form, what kind of content, whatkind of a combination of the above two forms; clearly define the type of signature in the text, thetype of contract, the transaction is lawful, legal value to be "certified" in accordance with the law;

method "witness" should follow the "two in one", that is "witness "is a notary public can witnessthe contract or transaction (under the Law on notarization), just copy and signature (Decree No.79) to the simplified procedures for the people; construction if the Law certification must coverthe type of authentication, requires specified types of socialization, what kind of stateadministrative agencies in charge.* Complete title notarized, authenticatedNotaries who perform public service activities in accordance with the law; certified members arepublic officials, representatives of state power directly to (not authorized external) conductcertified in accordance with the law for not socializing activities.* Develop new models of notarization and authenticationCertified models in a "social" completely, which means that the VPCC is mainly; notarialorganizations must operate under the provisions of the Law on Enterprises and the Law on

Notaries, gradually remove the PCC; administrative agency shall authenticate for some specificactivities, other things do not need to be transferred to the notary public organizations perform a"witness" to the more convenient for individuals or organizations servants require authentication;When "socialization" radical notarization, authentication, need for socio-professionalorganizations directly managing, indirect state management.* Complete the provisions of law relating to notarization and authenticationContinue improving the legal research on notarization and authentication; need clarification tocomplete some of the content related to business law notary.* Develop criteria for evaluating the quality of notarization and authentication


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Satisfaction rate, the level of satisfaction with the results providing, notaries quality, certified;necessary notarized or not, for a number of papers, contracts, trading tools can; the annual caseerrors on the overall service to be notarized, authenticated; synchronization of the law in the areaof certification, endorsement and other legal documents related ...* Conduct "socialization" activities authenticationIntensive theoretical studies - the solution to the premise for "socialization" authentication;

innovative thinking provide administrative services, the foundation for the "socialization" ofauthentication; Construction Law notarization and authentication - make a uniform theoreticaland practical application; building certification titles; constructed as legal remedies the problemsarise when processing "socialization" endorsement; pilot "socialization" authentication in Ho ChiMinh city and Hanoi.4.2.2.2. State management solutions group4.2.2.2.1. Finalizing a content management state notarization and authentication in the new* Orientations content management state- Develop professional and social organizations on the basis of "socialization" radical notarizedorder through the state organization to manage indirect notarized or certified.- No intervention into professional work, professional public notaries, authentication, these tasksby socio-professional organizations implemented and governed by the law of professional and

ethical practice .- To enhance the inspection and inspection activities notarization of all agencies, implementationservices, and strictly handle violations of the law on notarization and authentication.- Orientation decentralized state notarization and authentication experience, consistent withnotarization and authentication practices and taking into account the characteristic of eachelement hierarchy.- Should have the scientific research, surveys, practical evaluation of Notary Law, Decree No. 79and the legal validity of the Decree No. 75. Review of Decree No. 79 was adequate and in linewith the trend of "social" authentication not, from that time amended and supplementedaccordingly in order to bring highly effective when done.- Remove the contents to be "held", as "subsidies" in the authentication operation make it difficultto manage as the authentication is done by competent state agencies.

* Renewal of state management for organizations notarialMaster plan for development-oriented organizations notary public; perfecting the statemanagement on the organization and operation of VPCC; issued rules of ethics of notaries;improve the quality of team notaries; strengthen the organizational structure of the managementand implementation of the state; established social organizations certified professional.* Innovative methods of state management activities notarization and authenticationFocus promulgate policies, institutions and laws to guide the activities notarized, within theframework of state regulations. State does not directly manage, only by management mechanism,policy and legislation, implementation of indirect management with the arm extendedprofessional organizations. By doing so, the organization notarial authentication will adjust,management, competition in the framework of the law.* Complete decentralization of state for notarization and authentication.

For certified. Reviewing the relevant legal provisions to notarization and research activities,proposed to amend the provisions of the law is not uniformity in the law relating to notarizationand authentication; promptly issued Decree edit amending or replacing Decree No. 02; issuedsystem-related forms notarized activities; research, issued the Code of ethics of notaries; amendedcertification fee the contract or transaction of the commune-level people's Committees asappropriate. Research, propose amendments and supplements to the Law on Notaries toovercome the limitations and shortcomings have emerged, creating documents strictly legal andmore suitable for development activities in the direction of a professional certificate.


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For authentication. Ministry of Justice to study and propose to the Government for the GeneralConstruction Law notarized in order to adjust a comprehensive work in two different regulatory.Need to be amended and supplemented timely Decree No. 79 by expanding the authority certifiedcopies in English and foreign languages for the commune-level People's Committee and theDepartment of Justice without distinguishing the present in order to avoid the complexitytroublesome issue in determining jurisdiction at the same time make it easy for people. To study

the application of one-stop administrative mechanism at the district-level People's Committee toovercome the meandering in authentication procedures, to ensure timely and convenientauthentication request. Pending the competent agency review, the Department of Justice of theprovinces need more active propagation and dissemination of Decree No. 79.* To improve the organizational structure of the managementDevelop and implement planning, planning consolidation and development organization notarialauthentication. Improve operational efficiency of state management for notarization and authenticationoperations, to promote the role of socio-professional organizations certified or authenticated.* To improve personnel managementPromote and expand the training of notaries, improving the quality of training, retraining andnotarized. Promoting "social" notary combined with the continued transfer of the certification ofthe contract or transaction to notarial organizations; implement socialization authentication.

* Raise awareness of government agencies, organizations and individuals of the role, importanceand benefits of public notarization and authentication- Enhance communication to raise awareness of the role and importance of public notarizationand authentication for secure transactions and socio-economic development through variousforms such as forums, seminars conferences, seminars, distribution of publications, documents,and through effective operation of the of notary public institutions.- Research and implement policies to encourage notaries, notarial organizations, competent entityauthentication business, banks, beneficiaries engaged in advocacy, awareness about the role andimportance of public documents.* Strategic Management Plan for notarization and authenticationStrategic planning vision for state management for notarization; analyzing external opportunities

and challenges on the management of state for notarization; analyzing the strengths, weaknesses

management within the state for notarization and authentication; setting long-term goals of thestate management for notarization and authentication; strategic planning and strategic choices ofstate management for notarization and authentication.4.2.3.These conditions ensure the implementation of the solution4.2.3.1. Condition of facilitiesWant notarization and authentication services to meet the needs of people and management to beeffective, must be conducted to upgrade the facilities, essential equipment such as: offices,machinery supporting information technology systems management majors.3.3.3.2. Conditions on human resourcesTo conduct training, professional training to improve professional management, giving them adeep understanding of the specific characteristics and management is essential to ensure thestrengthening of state management in the social context.

4.2.3.3. Institutional conditionsMust be uniform in the provisions of the law such as: Land Law, Civil Law, Civil ProcedureLaw, Notary Law, Decree 75, Decree No. 79 and other related documents.4.2.3.4. Mode conditions, policiesFor Notaries team, Authentication List (if "socialization" authentication), the State should reducethe related costs and tax breaks, and allows increased notary fees, authentication . For staff,implementing authentication and state management, salary increases, increased amounts deductedfrom fees authentication, especially for officials and civil servants.


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CONCLUSION1) Activity notarization and authentication is active judicial assistance and the provision of publicservices for the purpose for state management. This activity is divided into two basic types: (1)operations at the request of state agencies - state service management requirements; (2) activitiesat the request of individuals or organizations. However, even at the request of one activity (thestate or the people), when the owner can perform this operation will have to be the power of the

new legal value (empowered by the State right).2) Efficient management of state notarization is measured by effective practices notarized brings.So, how state management, management anywhere and in any way take into account the impactof the policies and institutions of the state practices notarized or certified. Need to have theresearch to innovation thinking, how to build, promulgation and implementation of statemanagement on notarization and authentication. Especially as so innovative thinking about theprovision of public services, including thinking about authentication to be able to "socialize"authentication activities in Decree No. 79.3) State Management notarization is considered a key part of the reform process providing theservice of our country in the new period should be acutely aware of the problem simplifiedprocedure administration, regardless of the function of public services and state managementactivities, division of the public service activities can socialize, private services will take more

efficient home water; should formulate and promulgate regulations on notarization and uniform,through and in accordance with state management institutions in other areas.4) Governance of notarization and authentication is adjusted direct operating activities supplynotarization and authentication services, it is necessary to model innovation management, managementmethods, to build institutions modern management, eliminating the subsidy management mechanism.5) To improve the institutional system of state management notarized toward building the Lawnotarization and authentication.

PHN M U1. Tnh cp thit ca tiXut pht t nhng vn : yu cu ca vic thc hin qun l cng mi, chuyn m hnh

hnh chnh cai tr sang hnh chnh phc v, tch bch chc nng qun l nh nc v chcnng cung ng dch v; yu cu v hon thin th ch, hon thin t chc b my qun l nhnc v cng chng, chng thc; yu cu v l lun khoa hc hnh chnh cng v thc tin hotng cng chng, chng thc t ra cho cng tc qun l nh nc nhiu vn cn phi cnghin cu.

Trc nhng yu cu trn, tc gi chn ti Qun l nh nc v cng chng, chngthc Vit Namlm Lun n Tin s Qun l hnh chnh cng.

2. Mc ch v nhim v nghin cu2.1. Mc chNghin cu gii quyt mt s vn v l lun v thc tin qun l nh nc i vi cng

chng, chng thc; xut m hnh v gii php tng cng qun l nh nc v cng chng,chng thc nhm m bo hiu qu tt nht trong s nghip phc v nhn dn.

2.2. Nhim vLm r nhng vn c bn ca cng chng, chng thc; c s l lun ca s khc bit gia

loi vic c th x hi ha v loi vic khng th x hi ha; nghin cu, lm r cc vn l lun v qun l nh nc: khi nim, vai tr, c trng v cc ni dung qun l nh nc vcng chng, chng thc; phn tch, nh gi thc trng v hot ng cng chng, chng thc vqun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc; xut cc gii php hon thin qun l nh nc vcng chng, chng thc.

3. i tng v phm vi nghin cu3.1. i tng


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Nghin cu v t chc v hot ng cng chng, chng thc, ch th c thm quyn cngchng, chng thc, cc t chc hnh ngh cng chng, c quan c thm quyn qun l nh ncchuyn ngnh v cc ni dung qun l nh nc i vi cng chng, chng thc.

3.2. Phm vi- Ni dung nghin cu: Nghin cu v t chc v hot ng cng chng, chng thc v

qun l nh nc i vi cng chng, chng thc.

- Khng gian nghin cu: Trn phm vi c nc, nghin cu in hnh i vi H Ni vthnh ph H Ch Minh; t chc kho st, ly kin: cng chng vin, ngi thc hin chngthc v ngi dn c nhu cu cng chng, chng thc trn 3 tnh, thnh: ng Nai, Bnh Dngv thnh ph H Ch Minh.

- Thi gian nghin cu:Nghin cu cc s liu, ti liu c lin quan n cng chng, chngthc v qun l nh nc i vi cng chng, chng thc t nm 2007 n nay.

4. Nhng ng gp mi ca Lun n4.1. V l lunLm r cc vn c bn v cng chng, chng thc; bn cht chung cng chng, chng

thc; phn tch lm r vai tr cng chng, chng thc; khi nim, vai tr, ni dung qun l nh ncv cng chng, chng thc; phn tch chuyn su v mt l lun theo l thuyt qun l cng mi; phntch, so snh cc th ch qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc, cc gi tr thc tin cng

chng, chng thc; lm ni bt tnh cp thit x hi ha cng chng, chng thc; phn tch, nhgi nhng vn php l v qun l khi thc hin x hi ho, nhng loi vic chng thc c thx hi ha; h thng, phn tch, b sung nhng vn c tnh l lun v cng chng, chng thc vqun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc, ch r cch thc qun l nh nc yu km i vi cngchng, chng thc hin nay, nhng nguyn nhn c bn, nhng hn ch trong cung ng dch v cngtheo t duy nh nc ha nh hin nay v hu qu ca n; xut nhng gii php qun l mangtnh khoa hc i vi cng chng, chng thc, c bit l cch thc qun l i vi VPCC, mt ch thmi c pht sinh nhiu vn v qun l v ang t ra nhng thch thc mi cho cng tc qun l nhnc chuyn ngnh.

4.2. V thc tinTo tin l lun v thc tin a ra nhng kin ngh x hi ha mt cch khoa hc

hot ng cng chng, chng thc; xut ng dng m hnh x hi ha ha trit , cch thc

qun l nh nc i vi cng chng, chng thc hu x hi ha, xc nh hng qun l nhnc chuyn bit cng chng, chng thc, quan im cng chng, chng thc c th x hi ha chon ton trong bi cnh mi; cc lun c v gii php hon thin cc ch nh php lut c linquan v tng cng cng tc qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc trn thc t.

5. Kt cu ca Lun nNgoi phn m u, kt lun v danh mc ti liu tham kho, Lun n c xy dng thnh 4

chng, gm: Chng 1. Tng quan vn nghin cu; Chng 2. C s l lun ca qun l nh ncv cng chng, chng thc; Chng 3. Thc trng qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc;Chng 4. Mt s quan im v gii php hon thin qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc.

Chng 1. TNG QUAN V VN NGHIN CU1.1. Phn tch, nh gi cc cng trnh nghin cu lin quan1.1.1. Cc nghin cu ngoi nc

Michael L. Closen, Trevor J. Orsinger v Bradley A. Ullrick (Winter 2001) thuc trng ihc lut San Francisco M nghin cu v cng chng vi ti: Notarial Records and thePreservation of the Expectation of Privacy; GS.TS Reinhold Geimer v phi on c cbo co chuyn : XXIII International Congress of Latin Notaries. Ni chung cc ti nych yu nghin cu v hot ng cng chng, t chc hnh ngh cng chng, cng chng vinm cha nghin cu v qun l nh nc i vi cng chng, chng thc. Ngoi ra, c mt stc phm nh: Official Notary Public Handbook, USA - State of NewYork, Secretary of StatesOffice, Business Services and Licensing Divisions, (2004); Notary Public Disciplinary Guidelines,USA - Secretary of State, State of California, (2001); Notary Public Handbook, USA - Secretary


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of State, State of California, Notary Public Section, (2005). Cc tc phm ny ch yu l s tayhng dn mt s vn c th v nghip v cng chng, cc nguyn tc khi thc hin cngchng m cha c nghin cu v qun l nh nc i vi cng chng.

1.1.2. Cc nghin cu Vit NamNhng im mi c bn ca Lut Cng chng nm 2006; im ging nhau v khc

nhau gia hai t chc hnh ngh cng chng; Cng chng Vit Nam trong nn kinh t th

trng hng theo m hnh cng chng La-tinh ; Nhng iu cn bit v cng chng nhnc; Nhng vn l lun v thc tin trong vic xc nh phm vi, ni dung hnh vi cngchng v gi tr php l ca vn bn cng chng nc ta hin nay ; T chc v hot ngcng chng nh nc nc ta hin nay. Cc nghin cu ny vn cha cp nhiu n qun lnh nc, ch yu l nghin cu c th v gi tr php l vn bn cng chng, t chc cng chng.

1.2. Nhng vn cn tn ti Lun n cn tp trung gii quytCc nghin cu trong v ngoi nc cha nghin cu cc vn : cha cp n qun l

nh nc v cng chng, chng thc nn phi c nhng nghin cu c nhng lun c xcng, ph hp vi khoa hc hnh chnh cng; cha nghin cu v a ra lun thuyt v bn chtca cng chng, chng thc l lm lm chng n phi nghin cu k v c hng x l theo tduy qun l hnh chnh cng gii quyt c mc tiu t ra trong gi thuyt khoa hc; do ccnc trn th gii khng c thut ng chng thc; nc ta, cc nghin cu ch yu v cng

chng nn cha c c s l lun k tha, phi dy cng nghin cu, a ra nhng chnh kinkhoa hc, ph hp vi lun thuyt qun l hnh chnh cng mi trong tin trnh ci cch hnhchnh nc ta.

Cn lm r nhng vn sau: Hin nay l thuyt v chng thc nh th no? Cn nghin cuc th hot ng ny, c s so snh, nh gi vi hot ng cng chng gii quyt trit vn x hi ha; bn cht chung ca cng chng, chng thc l g? Cch thc qun l nh nctrong bi cnh mi ca vic vn dng m hnh qun l cng mi vo thc tin nc ta nh thno?; Cch thc qun l nh nc i vi cng chng hin nay nh th no? Vn x hi hav hu x hi ha phi qun l bng cch thc no cho hiu qu trong thi gian ti?; Cc vn v th ch qun l nh nc i vi cng chng, chng thc nc ta hin nay nh th no?Cn c nhng nghin cu, nh gi mt cch chnh xc trn c s k tha cc nghin cu c xut nhng gii php hon thin. c bit vn th ch qun l nh nc i vi VPCC

cn c nhng nghin cu xut hon thin; Cc quy nh ca php lut c lin quan n qun lnh nc i vi cng chng, chng thc cn c nghin cu xut hon thin nh th nocho ph hp vi khoa hc hnh chnh cng v ph hp vi iu kin thc tin, trnh vn hnhnn hnh chnh cng, k nng lp php, lp quy ca t nc ta giai on hin nay.

gii quyt c h thng v m bo tnh khoa hc cc vn nu trn, Lun n nghin cuqun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc phi c s kt hp nghin cu, nh gi cc tica cc tc gi trong v ngoi nc vi vic tham kho kin cc chuyn gia, cc gio trnh khoahc qun l, cc t liu, s liu thc tin a ra quan im c lp ca mnh thng qua 3 nidung c bn sau: (1) lm r c s l lun ca qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc; (2)phn tch, nh gi thc trng qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc; (3) a ra cc quanim v gii php hon thin qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc.

1.3. Mc tiu ca ti

Tm ra c cc lun c xut x hi ha chng thc; xut qun l nh nc gintip i vi hot ng chng thc c th x hi ha, xut xy dng Lut chng thc hoc chnh tuyn th; tm c l do, ni r c nguyn nhn v xut cc gii php hon thin qunl nh nc i vi cng chng, chng thc v c th ng dng vo thc tin.

1.4. Ni dung v phng php nghin cu1.4.1. Ni dung nghin cu1.4.1.1. Lm r c s l lun qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc


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Nghin cu cng chng, chng thc l hot ng h tr bo m ca qun l nh nc; nghin culun im: Qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc l mt lnh vc ca qun l nh nc;nu nhng kinh nghim ca th gii v qun l nh nc i vi cng chng, chng thc.

1.4.1.2. Phn tch, nh gi thc trng qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thcNu r nhng yu t thc tin tc ng n qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc;

nghin cu nh gi thc trng qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc; phn tch, lm r nhng

mt t c, nhng tn ti, hn ch c c s xut cc gii php nhm hon thin qun l nh ncv cng chng, chng thc.

1.4.1.3. a ra nh hng v xut cc gii php hon thin qun l nh nc vcng chng, chng thc

Phn tch mt s quan im hon thin qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc; xut ccgii php hon thin qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc (nghin cu cc gii phpchung qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc; nghin cu cc gii php c th qun l nhnc v cng chng, chng thc).

1.4.2. Phng php nghin cuPhng php tm hiu t liu; Phng php lch s; Phng php iu tra, kho st; Phng

php ly kin chuyn gia; Phng php so snh; Phng php thc nghim; Phng php phntch, tng hp.

Chng 2C S L LUN CA QUN L NH NC

V CNG CHNG, CHNG THC2.1. Cng chng, chng thc - hot ng h tr bo m ca qun l nh nc2.1.1. Quan nim v cng chng, chng thc2.1.1.1. V cng chngNghin cu cc quan nim v cng chng trong cc vn bn php l ca ch thc dn

Php v xuyn sut k t khi t nc c lp n nay. Khng nh rng, bn cht ca cngchng v chng thc lun ging nhau v cn phi nhn nhn, nh gi li mt cch khoa hc.Tc gi khng a ra khi nim ring bit v cng chng m c s nghin cu, kt hp ara khi nim chung v cng chng, chng thc ti mc 2.1.1.3.

2.1.1.2. V chng thcNghin cu chng thc k t khi Ch tch H Ch Minh k Sc lnh s 59/SL ngy

15/11/1945 v vic n nh th l th thc cc giy t cho n khi Ngh nh s 79 ra i. Trongphm vi nghin cu, tc gi a ra khi nim chung v cng chng, chng thc ti mc 2.1.1.3


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theo phm vi c gii hn (Lut cng chng, Ngh nh s 79) v c s phn loi, h thngnhng hot ng chng thc c th x hi ha c theo bn cht hot ng lm chng.

2.1.1.3. So snh cng chng v chng thcTc gi nu 3 quan im v a ra quan im ring: Cng chng (ti Lut cng chng) v

chng thc (ti Ngh nh s 79) c th s khng khc nhau v ch th thc hin; c s khc nhauv i tng phc v, do s phn loi da theo ch th; khc nhau v quy trnh phc v; c bn

cht ging nhau lm chng; khc nhau cch thc lm chng. a ra khi nim chung theo nihm v phm vi c gii hn ti Lut cng chng v Ngh nh s 79: cng chng, chng thcl hot ng chng nhn ca ngi c thm quyn v mt s kin php l xy ra trn thc ttheo yu cu ca Nh nc hoc ca c nhn, t chc, l tnh xc thc ca hp ng, giaodch gia cc bn hoc bn sao vi bn chnh, ch k vi ngi k theo quy nh ca php lut.

2.1.2. c im ca cng chng, chng thcHot ng cung cp dch v cng mang tnh cht c bit; c thc hin trn c s s xc

nhn tnh ng n, hp php ca cc vn bn, giy t do cc ch th c thm quyn thc hin;xc nhn gi tr php l ca cc vn bn, giy t; hot ng c th c chuyn giao cho cc tchc, c nhn ngoi nh nc m nhim; c Nh nc bo m cung cp (k c trng hpchuyn giao cho t nhn) v Nh nc vn gi vai tr iu tit c bit; khi cung ng, cc chth c thm quyn cung cp dch v ny giao dch c th vi khch hng.

2.1.3. Vai tr ca cng chng, chng thc i vi i sng x hi v qun l nh ncTo nim tin php l vng chc cho cc t chc, c nhn trong cc giao dch dn s, kinh t

v k c trong mt s giao dch ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn; hot ng khng ch mangtnh cht dch v, phc v li ch thit thc ca nhn dn m cn l hot ng thuc lnh vc btr t php; c s php l cc c quan nh nc c thm quyn cho php cng dn, t chcthc hin mt cch hp php cc giao dch ca mnh; iu kin cn cc giao dch dn s cm bo thc hin trn thc t v l c s php l ta n gii quyt cho cc bn ng s,ngi c quyn li v ngha v lin quan khi c tranh chp xy ra; cng c h tr cho chc nngqun l nh nc trong thc tin qun l, gin tin nhng th tc c lin quan n cc loi giy tcn thit.

2.1.4. X hi ho cng chng, chng thc yu t tng cng hiu qu cung ng dchv hnh chnh cng v hiu lc qun l nh nc

X hi ho cng chng, chng thc l qu trnh Nh nc thc hin i mi phng thc tchc hot ng cng chng, chng thc, tng bc chuyn giao cho cc c nhn, t chcngoi nh nc thc hin nhm nng cao hiu qu hot ng v hiu lc qun l nh nc.

Gp phn phn bit r chc nng qun l nh nc vi cung ng dch v cng, hnh thnh tduy mi v vic cung ng dch v cng; phc v kp thi cc nhu cu x hi, to iu kin mi ngi dn, vi a v x hi, kh nng kinh t khc nhau u c quyn bnh ng, c cungng dch v cng chng, chng thc; gim nh c gnh nng v th tc hnh chnh, cng vichnh chnh cho cng chc t php v Ph Ch tch UBND cp x ph trch chng thc; thngnht c s l lun khoa hc v hot ng cng chng, chng thc, v ch th thc hin, to iukin thun tin trong thc thi cc quy nh ca php lut; gip hnh thnh v nng cao trchnhim php l c nhn ca cng dn trc php lut.

Mun x hi ha cng chng, chng thc cn phi m bo cc tiu ch sau: (1) cn xc

nh r phm vi cc loi dch v cng c th x hi ha c, t , nhn bit c cngchng, chng thc nm dng no, c thuc trng hp l x hi ha c hay khng; (2) cnxem xt hot ng no, trong bi cnh no c th x hi ha c, tc l cc iu kin gn kt,i km vi chnh hot ng .

1.2. Qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc mt lnh vc ca qun l nh nc2.2.1. Quan nim qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thcQun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc l nhng cch thc, bin php m c quan

nh nc c thm quyn tc ng ln qu trnh thc hin hot ng cng chng, chng thcnhm m bo bo qun l theo ng mc tiu, nh hng nh nc t ra v mong mun t


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ti, l lm cho cc hot ng ny din tin theo ng quy nh ca php lut, bo m anton php l trong quan h dn s, kinh t..., gp phn phng nga vi phm php lut, duy trtrt t, an ton x hi.

2.2.2. c trng v vai tr qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc2.2.2.1. c trngS qun l theo c ch c bit song trng trc thuc, c ngha l va t di s qun l

nh nc ni chung li va t di s qun l chuyn mn nghip v ni ring; c s khc bitv i tng ca qun l nh nc trong hot ng cng chng v chng thc do c ch thchin v t duy v cung ng dch v cng; mang tnh cht c th ca qun l nh nc v chuynngnh b tr t php.

2.2.2.2. Vai trTh ch ha quan im, ng li ca ng v cng chng, chng thc; to c s php l an

ton cho t chc v hot ng cng chng, chng thc, bo v quyn v li ch hp php ca ccch th tham gia hot ng cng chng, chng thc v cng l cng c x l cc vi phm php lutcng chng, chng thc;bo m nh hng pht trin t chc v hot ng cng chng, chngthc; gn pht trin kinh t - x hi i i vi vic bo v cc quyn v li ch hp php ca ngidn thng qua cc hp ng, giao dch v vic cung ng cc dch v bo m khc; bo v quynv li ch hp php ca cc ch th thc hin cng chng, chng thc; to lp mi trng php l

y , r rng, minh bch v nng cao hiu lc v hiu qu trong qun l i vi t chc v hotng cng chng, chng thc.

2.2.3. Ni dung qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc2.2.3.1. Xy dng, ban hnh th ch v cng chng, chng thcVic xy dng, ban hnh th ch qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc ng vai tr

quan trng, l yu t tin cho cng tc qun l nh nc trn thc tin. Tuy nhin, th chqun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc vn thiu i cc quy nh v vic thnh lp Hip hicng chng, v x hi ha chng thc, v vn tham gia xy dng th ch ca t chc hnhngh cng chng v Hip hi cng chng, c bit l vn cn nhiu im bt cp, cha ng bvi cc th ch qun l nh nc trn cc lnh vc khc nh t ai, nh ...

2.2.3.2. T chc thc hin th ch v cng chng, chng thcT chc thc hin chnh sch v "x hi ha cng chng, chng thc; trin khai thc hin

cc vn bn quy phm php lut v cng chng, chng thc vi cc quy nh c th v hot ngv qun l hot ng cng chng, chng thc; trin khai thc hin cc chnh sch, th ch qunl nh nc v cng chng, chng thc phi m bo cc tiu ch c th sau: (1) t chc thchin nghim chnh cc chnh sch, th ch l mt i hi khch quan ca qun l nh nc; (2)vic t chc thc hin cc chnh sch, cc th ch phi bo m cc hnh thc, s tun th, chphnh, s dng v p dng php lut ra cc quyt nh hnh chnh lm pht sinh, nh ch hocchm dt mt quan h x hi c th; (3) hng dn chuyn mn nghip v; (4) ch o, iu hnhv t chc v hot ng cng chng, chng thc; (5) cc chnh sch, th ch c ban hnh vc trin khai thng qua cc vn bn php lut chuyn ngnh v cng chng, chng thc.

2.2.3.3. Kim tra, thanh tra, gii quyt khiu ni, t co v x l vi phm vic thc hinth ch v cng chng, chng thc

Cng tc kim tra, thanh tra, gii quyt khiu ni, t co v x l vi phm th ch (c bit l

quy nh php lut) v t chc v hot ng cng chng, chng thc l mt khu khng th thiutrong hot ng qun l nh nc. Thng qua kim tra ch th qun l s xy dng cc bin phpnhm pht huy nhng u im t c, khc phc nhng thiu st, hn ch trong qu trnh tchc v hot ng ca c quan, n v, t chc, c nhn... ng thi, pht hin kp thi nhnghnh vi tri php lut, trn c s p dng cc bin php x l thch hp trong khun khquyn hn c php lut cho php nhm khi phc li trt t php lut, trt t qun l hnhchnh nh nc b xm phm.

2.2.3.4. Ch bo co, s kt, tng kt, nh gi, rt kinh nghim trong qun l nhnc v cng chng, chng thc


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Ch bo co nhm nm bt cc thng tin, s liu thc t v t chc v hot ng cngchng, chng thc; nh gi c s l lun v cc quy nh php lut i vi hiu qu v t chcv hot ng cng chng, chng thc; v tnh hnh t chc ca cc S T php, PCC, VPCC,UBND cp huyn, cp x; nh gi c c s l lun v c ch phi hp thc hin ca cc cquan t c quan trung n a phng trong qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc. Tngkt, nh gi hot ng cng chng, chng thc nhm nm bt cc thng tin, s liu thc t v

tnh hnh hot ng cng chng, chng thc gip cho cc c quan, c nhn, t chc c chcnng, nhim v, quyn hn trong lnh vc cng chng, chng thc kp thi xy dng, iu chnhchin lc, quy hoch, k hoch pht trin, chnh sch, php lut trong lnh vc ny.

2.2.4. Ch th qun l nh nc v vn phn cp qun l nh nc v cng chng,chng thc

2.2.4.1.B T phpB T php c chc nng, nhim v, thm quyn ti iu 17, Ngh nh s 75; iu 20, Ngh

nh s 79; Lut cng chng theo s phn cp, trao quyn ca Chnh ph theo quy nh ca phplut.

2.2.4.2. UBND cp tnh v S T phpUBND tnh c php lut quy nh qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc ti iu

19, Ngh nh 75; iu 20, Ngh nh s 79; Lut Cng chng. L c quan chuyn mn thuc

UBND cp tnh, S T php c trao quyn qun l chuyn ngnh v cng chng, chng thcti iu 19, Ngh nh s 75.

2.2.4.3. y ban nhn dn cp huynUBND cp huyn khng phi l ch th qun l nh nc v hot ng cng chng m ch

thc hin chc nng qun l nh nc v hot ng chng thc theo iu 20, Ngh nh s 75:thc hin chc nng qun l chung v c php y quyn cho Phng T php gip thc hincc nhim v, quyn hn trong qun l nh nc v chng thc. Ngh nh s 79 khng quy nhvic y quyn thc hin chc nng qun l nh nc v chng thc ca UBND cp huyn choPhng T php cng cp. Trn thc t th Phng T php thc hin nhim v ny trn c s sphn cng qun l nh nc chuyn ngnh ca UBND cng cp.

2.2.5. Nhng vn qun l nh nc sau khi x hi ha hot ng cng chng,chng thc

Nh nc phi ban hnh chnh sch, th ch chung thng nht cho vic lm chng, cc thch phi c quy nh r rng, thng nht hn; Cc t chc lm chng phi c qun l thngnht, gin tip thng qua Hip hi lm chng, Nh nc khng can thip vo chuyn mn nghip vlm chng; Cc h thng c s d liu lu tr, qun l sau khi chng, qun l nh nc phic thit k, xy dng thng nht v hon chnh; Nh nc ch o to, bi dng k nng qunl nh nc cho cng chc ca mnh, cc t chc hnh ngh lm chng c nhim v t o to,bi dng cho nhng ngi hnh ngh ca mnh, nh nc ch h tr khi cn thit.

2.3. Mt s kinh nghim quc t v qun l nh nc i vi cng chng, chng thc2.3.1. Qun l nh nc v cng chng PhpSc lnh ngy 02/11/1945 ca Php quy nh cng chng vin l Thm phn ca hp ng, khc

vi Chng thc vin l chng thc nhng vic gin n. Lut Cng chng nc ta chu nh hngrt nhiu t Php lnh Cng chng Php (c rt nhiu im tng ng: cng chng vin do B

trng B T php b nhim, VPCC, cc iu kin tr thnh cng chng vin, gi tr ca vn bncng chng).2.3.2. Qun l nh nc v cng chng Trung QucChuyn i cc PCC t cc c quan hnh chnh nh nc thnh cc t chc dch v cng

thng qua vic ct gim cc cng chng vin ra khi ngn sch. Nh nc khng thnh lp cc tchc cng chng m khuyn khch thnh lp cc t chc hnh ngh cng chng theo hnh thc tchc dch v thc hin chc nng cng, trong , Cng chng vin l ngi thc thi vic chngnhn php l ca Nh nc vi gi tr php l vn bn cng chng khng thay i.

2.3.3. Qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc Thi Lan v Australia


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X hi ha trit theo hnh thc t nhn ha; Lut php quy nh quyn cng chng,chng thc v cc trch nhim c nhn cho ch th thc hin cng chng, chng thc; Lut phpquy nh tnh chu trch nhim c nhn ca ch th yu cu cng chng, chng thc; Nh nc(chnh quyn bang State Government Australia v cp tnh Thi Lan) thc hin chc nngqun l ca mnh thng qua cc quy nh song song cho hai ch th: ngi thc hin cng chng,chng thc v ngi c nhu cu cng chng, chng thc.

2.3.4. M hnh qun l nh nc v cng chng Ba LanB trng T php quyt nh thnh lp PCC, b nhim v min nhim cng chng vin.

Cng chng vin v cc c quan i din ngh nghip cng chng c t di s qun l,gim st, kim tra trc tip ca B trng T php, ngi c th ch thn hoc thng qua Chnhn To thng thm... B trng t php Ban hnh sc lnh quy nh chi tit vic kim tra; yucu mt cng chng vin cng vi B T php hoc To n thc hin vic kim tra hot ngca cng chng vin v cc c quan i din ca ngnh cng chng..

Ni tm li, c th rt ra bi hc kinh nghim nh sau: xy dng m hnh cng chng vin lThm phn ca hp ng, chng thc vin l Thm phn ca nhng vic gin n; thit lpt chc x hi ngh nghip hnh ngh cng chng, chng thc; xy dng m hnh qun l trn cs thc tin hot ng cng chng, chng thc v phn cp hot ng v lnh vc ny; xy dngl trnh ct gim cc PCC, tin ti x hi ha hon ton cng chng v kt hp x hi ha

hot ng chng thc; th ch ha vic cc c nhn, t chc hnh ngh cng chng, chng thcphi thit lp qu bi thng hoc mua bo him trch nhim ngh nghip; thc hin c ch tqun, cc t chc hnh ngh cng chng, chng thc c a v php l c lp, t chu trchnhim khi thc hin chc nng c Nh nc trao quyn ca mnh; loi b dn vic thnh lpcc PCC theo n v hnh chnh, tng cng cho php thnh lp VPCC; quy nh nhng ni dungbt buc i vi vn bn cng chng, chng thc cc vn bn ny c gi tr php l ph hpvi Lut Dn s v Lut T tng Dn s v mt s vn bn php lut c lin quan nc ta; Nhnc qun l cng chng, chng thc trn bnh din v m, qun l gin tip thng qua t chcx hi ngh nghip hnh ngh cng chng, chng thc; xy dng cc th ch hnh chnh c linquan n hot ng cng chng, chng thc nhm qun l cht ch lnh vc ny nhng cng phim bo tnh thng thong v mang tnh cnh tranh cho cc t chc, c nhn cung ng dchv ny.

KT LUN CHNG 2Qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc l mt lun thuyt cn c nghin cu lm r

theo cc ni dung qun l; kt qu qun l nh nc c nh gi da theo kt qu t c cahot ng cng chng, chng thc; trong phm vi ni hm Ngh nh s 79 v Lut cng chng,bn cht ca hot ng cng chng v chng thc l lm chng, ch khc nhau v quy trnh,i tng, cch thc lm chng; chng thc trong phm vi Ngh nh s 79 l c th x hi hac v 2 l do: (1) dch v ny c th do c quan nh nc yu cu hoc do nhu cu ca ngidn; (2) chng thc nhng vic khng thuc phm tr qun l trc tip ca nh nc lin quann quyn nhn thn ca con ngi, do c quan nh nc c thm quyn qun l, lu tr; cnphn cp trong vic cung ng dch v cng chng, chng thc v qun l hot ng dch v nyv phi tnh n hiu qu hot ng khi thc hin vic phn cp; nn tham kho m hnh ca mts nc ph hp vi iu kin nc ta hon thin m hnh qun l nh nc v cng chng,

chng thc: qun l gin tip, thng qua t chc x hi ngh nghip, nh nc ch qun l bngc ch, chnh sch v php lut.

Chng 3


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THC TRNG QUN L NH NCV CNG CHNG, CHNG THC

3.1. Nhng yu t thc tin tc ng n qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thciu kin kinh t - x hi; xu hng vn dng m hnh qun l cng mi v s thay i

nhn thc, quan im, t duy v dch v hnh chnh cng; chnh sch ca ng v qun l nhnc;cc th ch c lin quan n cng chng, chng thc; thc, trch nhim c nhn cng dn

trc php lut.3.2. Thc trng qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc theo cc ni dung qun l3.2.1. Xy dng, ban hnh th ch qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thcKhu ban hnh th ch qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc c nhiu hn ch: cha

c ch trng ng mc, cha c s thng nht vi cc th ch khc c lin quan to nn smu thun, chng cho khi thc hin; ban hnh nhiu nhng cha ch trng i mi cch thcqun l nh nc theo m hnh qun l gin tip, thng qua cc t chc ngh nghip; cha mangtnh tng th, khi qut chung cc vn qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc; th chi vi mt s vn lin quan n cng chng vin cng cha ph hp vi thc tin; cch thcthc hin tuy mang tnh chuyn su nhng cha ph hp vi l lun khoa hc v thc tin qunl nh nc.

3.2.2. T chc thc hin th ch qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc

Vic t chc thc hin qun l nh nc v cng chng, chng thc trung ng v aphng l 2 cp khc nhau. trung ng ch yu l ban hnh vn bn trin khai Lut caQuc hi (Lut cng chng), Ngh nh ca Chnh ph, th ch ha chnh sch ca ng v cngchng, chng thc hoc vic xy dng, ban hnh cc th ch tm v m nhm trin khai thchin. Tuy nhin, vic t chc thc hin trung ng vn cn nhng im bt cp, tn ti nh ccth ch cha thng nht nn vic t chc trin khai cha thc s hiu qu, cn mang nng tnhhnh chnh bao cp trong cc ch trng, chnh sch a ra. a phng, do nh hng v chus tc ng trc tip t cc th ch ca trung ng nn vic t chc thc hin mang tnh rpkhun, cng nhc. Mt khc, do cc th ch qun l cha thng nht, xuyn sut v ng b nnvic t chc qun l vn cn nng tnh ct c, cc b a phng, vn cn s p dng, vn dngkhc nhau, v d: H Ni cho thnh lp VPCC khng cn theo quy hoch c th, thnh ph HCh Minh thnh lp theo quy hoch; mi a phng a ra nhng tiu chun khc nhau cho vic

thnh lp VPCC...3.2.2.1. i vi t chc v hot ng cng chng* i vi t chc cng chng* i vi PCC. Qua thi gian, s lng PCC pht trin gn nh rng khp cc tnh, thnh

c nc. Trong thi gian 5 nm gn y (2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011) s lng PCC v cngchng vin tng nhanh.

i vi VPCC.K t khi Lut cng chng c hiu lc php lut, quan im x hi hatrong lut ny c thc tin ha bng vic cc a phng cho php thnh lp VPCC; Slng VPCC tng dn u v tng nhanh qua cc nm; Vi t l tng ca VPCC, t l cngchng vin ti t chc hnh ngh cng chng ny cng tng tng ng.

Vic trin khai thc hin th ch qun l nh nc i vi VPCC cn c nhng bt cp sau:VPCC c thnh lp theo cch thc t do thnh lp nh n ca H Ni hay l thnh lp

c gii hn, theo quy hoch v thi gianca thnh ph H Ch Minh ang l vn gy tranh civ c vng mc v l lun v thc tin; mt b phn cng chng vin ti VPCC cha m boyu cu thc hin hot ng cng chng do quy nh v min o to ngh v tp s ngh cngchng; cc VPCC c thnh lp khng ng u cc a phng, phn b khng hp l timi a phng; th ch qun l nh nc v cng chng khng quy nh VPCC chm dt khi cmt cng chng vin thnh lp cht v vn gii quyt hu qu php l ca vic chm dt hotng ca VPCC nn gy kh khn cho vic trin khai trn thc tin; vic chuyn i loi hnhdoanh nghip ca VPCC trong thc t c thc hin theo c ch no? p dng vn bn phplut no gii quyt khi c s chuyn i ny.


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* Nhn xt, nh gi chung v cc t chc hnh ngh cng chngS lng PCC v VPCC qua cc nm c s pht trin tng thm khc nhau; S lng cng

chng vin ti PCC v VPCC cng pht trin mnh; S pht trin mnh ca cng chng vin vVPCC l mt quy lut khch quan khi x hi ha; Vic trin khai th ch qun l nh nc ivi cng chng vin cng c thc hin ng theo quy nh ca php lut; Tnh n ngy30/10/2011 [1], c nc c 370 VPCC hot ng ti 52/63 tnh, thnh ph trc thuc trung ng

th hin s pht trin mnh, ph hp vi yu cu x hi.* i vi hot ng cng chngS lng cc hp ng, giao dch c thc hin ti cc t chc hnh ngh cng chng tng cao

hn so vi trc khi thc hin Lut Cng chng, cc hp ng, giao dch tng khng ch v s lngm c tnh phc tp, vi gi tr hp ng ln, nhiu hp ng c yu t nc ngoi; im quan trngca th ch qun l nh nc v cng chng l chuyn nghip ho v x hi ho, ng thi hotng cng chng cng c chuyn sang ch dch v cng thay th cho ch hnh chnh cng;S lng vic cng chng hp ng, giao dch sau 5 nm trin khai thc hin Lut Cng chngkhng ng u gia cc a phng; Trnh t, th tc gii quyt cng chng ti cc t chc hnhngh cng chng c bn c thc hin ng php lut, bo m thi hn cng chng v ngy cngc ci cch, i mi p ng yu cu ca nhn dn; Th ch v cng chng ti PCC v VPCCu phi tun th ng trnh t, quy nh chung ca cc vn bn php lut chuyn ngnh; Cht lng

hot ng cng chng v i ng cng chng vin ngy cng tt hn, c s cnh tranh tng i bnhng, lnh mnh v chuyn mn nghip v, thi phc v khc hng.

3.2.2.2. i vi t chc v hot ng chng thcTrn thc tin, t chc v hot ng chng thc c s phn ha k t khi c Ngh nh s 79, Ngh

nh s 06, Thng t s 03 v t c mt s kt

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