Thm 2012 Tourisminperspectiveschapter1 100303211552 Phpapp01

8/13/2019 Thm 2012 Tourisminperspectiveschapter1 100303211552 Phpapp01

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Tourism In Perspectives

Chapter 1 : 2 Hours

THM-201 Tourism and Hospitality Management


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Learning Objectives

1. Understand what tourism is and its many

definitions.

2. Learn the components of tourism and tourism

management.3. Examine the various approaches to studying

tourism.

4. Appreciate how important this industry is to the

economy of the world and of many countries.

5. Know the benefits and costs of tourism.


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Contents

1. What is Tourism and Hospitality

2. Components of Tourism and Tourism

Management

3. Benefits and Costs of Tourism

4. Types of Tourism

5. Tourism Life Cycle


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1. What is Tourism

Tour ismmay be defined as the processes,activities, and outcomesarising from therelationships and the interactions among

tourists,

tourism suppliers,

host governments,

host communities, and

surrounding environments

that are involved in the attracting and hosting

of visitors.


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1. What is Tourism


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1. What is Tourism

Tour ismcomprises the activities ofpersons traveling toand staying in

places outside their usualenvironmentfor not more than one

consecutive yearfor leisure, business

and other purposes.

UNWTO


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1. What is Tourism

Tourismis the study of man (the tourist) away from his

usual habitat, of the touristic apparatus and networks

responding to his various needs, and of the ordinary(where the tourist is coming from) and nonordinary

(where the tourist goes to) worlds and their dialectic

relationships.(Jafari, J. 2000. Encyclopedia in Tourism. London: Routledge.)


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1. What is Tourism

1. 2. 3. 4.

5. 6.

(., 2522)


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1. What is Tourism

A visitoris defined as those persons

who travel to a country other than thatin

which they have their usual residence

but outside their usual environmentfor a

period not exceeding twelve months and

whose main purpose of visit is other than

the exercise of an activity remuneratedfrom within the place visited.


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1. What is Tourism


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Traveler Term ino logy

1. Same-day visitors :Visitors who do

not spend the night in a collective or

private accommodation in the country

visited

2. Tourists :Visitors who stay in the

country visited for at least one night

1. What is Tourism


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1. What is Tourism

..Hospitalityis made up of two distinct services: the provisionof overnight accommodation for peoplestaying away from

home (lodging),and the provision of sustenance for people

eating away from home (food service)(Jafari,2000)Lodging and Food service / USAHotel and Catering / UK

A typical dictionary defines it as.

kindness in welcoming strangers or guests.


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Catering &Banquets

Food ServiceIndustry

LodgingIndustry

HospitalityIndustry

MerchandiseComponent

Travel &Tourism

TransportationIndustry

Restaurant separatefrom other business

clubs

BeverageEstablishments GroundTransportation

Industry

MaritimeIndustry

AirlineIndustry

F&B with otherbusinesses

Clubs

Convention

Hotels

Resorts

Hotels/Motels

InstitutionsTravel Agency

Industry

Tour OperatorIndustry

Recreation, Sportsand Entertainment

Hospitality

and TourismNetwork


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Contents



Management


4. Types of Tourism



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2. Components of Tourism and

Tourism Management

1. Tourist

2. Natural Resources and Environment

3. The Built Environment

4. Operating Sectors of the Tourism

Industry

5. Planning, Development, Promotion, andCatalyst Organization


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Tourist


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Contents



Management


4. Types of Tourism



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Provides employment opportunities

Generates foreign exchange

Increases Incomes

Increases GNP

Can be built on existing infrastructure

Develops an infrastructure that will alsohelp stimulate local commerce and

industry

Benefits of Tourism - Economic


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Can be developed with local products

and resources

Diversifies the economy

Tends to be compatible with other

economic activities

Spreads development High multiplier impact

Increases governmental revenues

Benefits of Tourism - Economic


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Broadens educational and cultural horizons

Improves quality of life - higher incomes and

improved standards of living

Justifies environmental protection andimprovement

Provides tourist and recreational facilities

that may be used by a local population

Benefits of Tourism - Social


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Reinforces preservation of heritage and tradition

Visitor interest in local culture provides employment forartists, musicians and other performing artistsenhancing cultural heritage

Breaks down language barriers, sociocultural barriers,class barriers, racial barriers, political barriers, andreligious barriers

Creates a favorable worldwide image for a destination

Promotes a global community

Promotes international understanding and peace

Benefits of Tourism - Cultural


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x Develops excess demand

x Results in high leakage

x Creates difficulties of seasonality

x Causes inflation

x Can result in unbalanced economicdevelopment

x Increases vulnerability to economic andpolitical changes

Disadvantages of Tourism - Economic


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Creates social problems

Degrades the natural physical environment andcreates pollution

Degrades the cultural environment Threatens family structure

Commercializes culture, religion, and the arts

Creates misunderstanding

Creates conflicts in the host society

Contributes to disease, economic fluctuation, andtransportation problems

Disadvantages of Tourism - Social


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Contents



Management


4. Types of Tourism



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4. Types of Tourism

1. International Tourism

Inbound Tourism: Visits to a country by

nonresidents

Outbound Tourism: Visits by residents of acountry to another country

2. Internal Tourism:Visits by residents andnonresidents of the country of reference


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4. Types of Tourism

3. Domestic tourism :Visits by residents of

a country to their own country

4. National tourism:Internal tourismplusoutbound tourism(the resident tourism

market for travel agents, airlines, and

other suppliers)


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Contents



Management


4. Types of Tourism



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Development


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1. Exploration:A secret spot is discovered, no amenities,must "go feral".

2. Involvement:A few locally-run camps and a fewconcessions are established.

3. Development:A well defined tourism industry isdeveloped with advertising the destination

4. Consolidation:Tourism become a dominant feature ofthe local economy

5. Stagnation:Tourism growth slows and carrying capacityis reached, the area is no longer a new hotspot, maybeits overbuilt

6. Decline or rejuvination:Decline results as touristschoose other destinations, rejuvenation typically requiresattracting a different kind of tourist.


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Conclusion



Management


4. Types of Tourism


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Thm 2012 Tourisminperspectiveschapter1 100303211552 Phpapp01