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This week in 206 Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. . Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. Fungi fertilization and sporangium developme Dr. Lloyd

This week in 206 I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development

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Page 1: This week in 206 I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development

This week in 206

I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation.

II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis.

III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development.

Dr. Lloyd

Page 2: This week in 206 I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development

DevelopmentSea urchinDeuterostomeIsolecithalHoloblastic cleavage

ChickDeuterostomeTelolecithalMeroblastic cleavage

Fertilization

cleavage

Blastulation & gastrulation

Organogenesis & pattern formation

Why do cells move in specific ways at specific times?How, why, and when do cells become specialized?

Page 3: This week in 206 I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development

Sea urchin body plan

© 1997 Chris Patton, Stanford University

Page 4: This week in 206 I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development

Fertilization

Page 5: This week in 206 I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development

Sea urchin fertilization

acrosome

Cortical granules

Fertilization membrane

Page 6: This week in 206 I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development

© 1997 Chris Patton, Stanford University

Page 7: This week in 206 I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development

Fertilization

Page 8: This week in 206 I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development

Holoblastic--cleaves completely through cell Isolecithal--evenly dispursed yolk.

Page 9: This week in 206 I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development

Sea Urchin Cleavage and blastulation1st div. 3 div.

8 cell

blastula Hatchedblastula

Page 10: This week in 206 I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development

Three types of morphogenetic movements duringgastrulation.

Page 11: This week in 206 I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development

Gastrulation -2 types of morphogeneticmovements.1. Ingression of ~40 cells to formPrimary mesenchyme cells (PMC)Formation of mesoderm.

Page 12: This week in 206 I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development

Gastrulation2. Invagination of cells at vegetal poleForms blastopore and archenteron-primitive gut

3 germ layersectoderm-skin and nervous system.mesoderm-bone, muscle, circ. system, internal organs.endoderm-stomach and guts.

archenteron

Page 13: This week in 206 I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development

2nd ingression of cells to formSecondary mesenchyme

Primary mesenchyme

Together=mesoderm

Page 14: This week in 206 I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development

archenteron

2nd invagination at animal poleto form mouth

Complete gastrula

EctoMesoEndo

Germ layers

Page 15: This week in 206 I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development

Sea urchin larval development.

Page 16: This week in 206 I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development

Sea urchin larva

Page 17: This week in 206 I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development

NucleusCytoplasmYolk

Telolecithal-asymmetric

shellShell membrane

albumen

Meroblastic cleavage-part cleavage

1st div. 2nd 3rd

4th

Chick

Page 18: This week in 206 I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development

~100,000 cells when egg laid.Epiblast - 3 germ layers

ectodermmesodermendoderm

Page 19: This week in 206 I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development

Delamination

Page 20: This week in 206 I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development

Ingression-mesoderm

Page 21: This week in 206 I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development

Chick gastrulation.

Primitive streak-cells ingress-induced by hypoblast~blastopore

Notochord-induced by Hansen’s nodeSomites-muscle, bone

Embryo lifts off surface-3 layers-ectodermmesodermendoderm

Becomes brain

Sacs form around embryo

Page 22: This week in 206 I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development

Fresh laid egg-blastodisc 13 hour egg

Page 23: This week in 206 I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development

24 hour chick sections

Page 24: This week in 206 I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development

33 hour chick sections

Page 25: This week in 206 I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development

33 hour whole mount

Page 26: This week in 206 I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development

48 hour 72 hour

Page 27: This week in 206 I. Sea urchin fertilization thru gastrulation. II. Chick gastrulation thru organogenesis. III. Fungi fertilization and sporangium development