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Thinking about DiversityThinking about Diversity
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Disarming Tests - 2
Why is it valuable to think about diversity?
• You’re likely to learn and work with people from many cultures.
• Sharing in success means learning new ways to think, speak, and act.
• Higher education can help reinforce an attitude of tolerance, open-mindedness, and respect for individual differences
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Disarming Tests - 3
How can thinking help us embrace diversity?
• Attitudes of open-mindedness and respect for individual differences helps us in synergistic relationships.
• Ask questions, demand evidence, examine logic, and insist on accurate information to release stereotypes.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Disarming Tests - 4
What does it mean to embrace diversity?
• People can differ in countless ways. Higher education can help reinforce an attitude of tolerance, open-mindedness, and respect for individual differences.
– Create alliances with people where diverse races and cultures meet in an atmosphere of tolerance. Consider joining a club or volunteering in your local community.
– Seek value in working with people who are different than you. While cultural differences exist, listen to different viewpoints and become aware of your surroundings.
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What if there are differences that are challenging to overcome?
• Apply critical thinking strategies to embrace diversity Daily reviews: short, several times per day– Create new ideas by conducting
brainstorms.
– Talk to classmates.
– Form study groups.
– Uncover assumptions
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Thinking and diversity in the workplace
• Living and working in a multicultural world can change your life. – Look for ways to create synergistic relationships.
– Spend time with people who speak and live consistently with the attitudes you value.
– Demand evidence, examine logic and insist on accurate information to release stereotypes.
– Use critical thinking and communication tools to discuss differences when working with people whose ideas are different than your own.
– Exercise leadership and look for ways to accommodate differences in learning styles.
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Be a Master Student
• Master students:
– Are able to suspend judgment (Quiet internal dialogue and listen to an opposing viewpoint)
– Are willing to participate (Join in conversations)
– Are inquisitive (Pose questions to learn more about the community you live and work in)
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Ways to Predict Test Questions
• Get organized
– Have a separate section in your notebook labeled “test questions”
• Ask your instructor to describe the test
• Ask yourself: What questions would I ask?
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Ways to Predict Test Questions
• Watch for clues from instructor during class
– Repeating certain points
– Writing information on board
– Gestures
– Questions posed to students
– Extensively covering some material from readings
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Disarming Tests - 10
Ways to Predict Test Questions
• Save all quizzes, papers, lab sheets, and graded material
• Practice working problems using different variables
• Brainstorm test questions with other students
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Disarming Tests - 11
Ways to Predict Test Questions
Look out for:
This material will be on the
test!
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Disarming Tests - 12
Studying with Others
• Test each other• Teach each other• Compare notes• Brainstorm test
questions• Set an agenda• Three at a computer
• Create wall-sized mind maps
• Give “book reports” in pairs
• Lecture each other• Ask for personal
support
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Disarming Tests - 13
What to Do During the Test
• As you begin
– Arrive early
– Do a relaxation exercise
– Pay attention to verbal directions
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What to Do During the Test
• As you begin
– Scan the whole test
– Evaluate the importance of each section
– Read the directions slowly, twice
– In margins, jot down memory aids, formulas, equations, facts
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Disarming Tests - 15
What to Do During the Test
• Answer easiest, shortest questions first • Then answer multiple choice, true/false,
fill-in-the-blank• Use memory techniques• Pace yourself• Look for answers in other
test questions
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Multiple-Choice Questions
• Check directions to see if more than one answer is called for
• Answer questions in your head before looking at answer choices
• Read all answers to each question before selecting one
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Multiple-Choice Questions
• Your first instinct is usually best
• Use guessing techniques when appropriate
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True/False Questions
• Answer quickly• Read carefully• Look for qualifiers
– All
– Most
– Sometimes
– Never
– Rarely
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True/False Questions
• Absolute qualifiers often indicate false statements
– Always
– Never
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Disarming Tests - 20
Computer-Graded Tests
• Make sure the answers you mark correspond to the right questions
• Check the test booklet against the answer sheet
• Do not make stray marks on the answer sheet
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Open-Book Tests
• Write formulas you need on separate sheet
• Place Post-It® notes or paper clips on important pages
• Number your class notes and write a short table of contents
• Prepare thoroughly
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Short Answer/Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
• These often ask for definitions or short descriptions
• Concentrate on key words and facts
• Be brief
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Matching Tests
• Read through each column
• Make note of differences between similarly worded items
• Match words that are similarly grammatically
• Look for the word that logically completes a phrase
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Essay Questions
• Find out precisely what the question is asking
• Make a quick outline
• Get right to the point
• Put the most solid supporting points first
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Essay Style
• Write legibly
• Use a pen
• Be brief
• Use one side of the paper only
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Words to Watch for in Essay Questions
• Analyze• Compare• Contrast• Criticize• Define• Describe• Discuss
• Explain• Prove• Relate• State• Summarize• Trace
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The Costs of Cheating
• We learn less• We lose money• Fear of getting
caught promotes stress
• Violating our values promotes stress
• Cheating once makes it easier to compromise our integrity
• Cheating lowers our self-concept