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Things They Didn’t Teach in Nursing School:
Preparing for Missionary NursingGrace J. Tazelaar MS, RN
Missions Director
Nurses Christian Fellowship
Culture/Worldview
Worldview – “culturally agreed upon perception of reality, in other words worldview bridges the gap between objective reality and a person’s perception of it”
Lane, Patty. A Beginners Guide to Crossing Cultures. Downers Grove, IL.: InterVarsity Press. 2002.
Culture/Worldview
I. HEALTH AND ILLNESS
Nursing grew out of a Christian worldview
Historically nursing practice is based in the scientific/medical understanding of health and illness
•Germ theory
•Systems theory
•Evidence based practice
HEALTH AND ILLNESS
Host cultures may have a different understanding of health and illness
Illness may be:• Considered normal – everyone suffers from this
problem
• Caused by a broken relationship
• Related to a curse
John 9:1- 71 As he went along, he saw a man blind from birth.2 His disciples asked him, "Rabbi, who sinned, this man or his
parents, that he was born blind?"3 "Neither this man nor his parents sinned," said Jesus, "but this
happened so that the work of God might be displayed in his life.4 As long as it is day, we must do the work of him who sent me.
Night is coming, when no one can work.5 While I am in the world, I am the light of the world."6 Having said this, he spit on the ground, made some mud with the
saliva, and put it on the man's eyes.7 "Go," he told him, "wash in the Pool of Siloam" (this word means
Sent). So the man went and washed, and came home seeing.
HEALTH AND ILLNESS
Cultural tensionsLingenfelter, Sherwood G. & Mayers, Marvin K. Ministering Cross-Culturally: An Incarnational Model for Personal Relationships. Grand Rapids, MI.: Baker Books. 1997
Tensions about TimeTensions in JudgmentTensions in Handling CrisisTensions over GoalsTensions about Self-WorthTensions regarding Vulnerability
II. Spiritual Care
Assessing Spiritual Needs Personal Relationship with God
• View of God• View of Man• View of Jesus
Meaning and Purpose Love and Belonging Forgiveness
The Person Providing Spiritual Assistance
Should have their own spiritual needs met Not get ahead of God and do in our own
strength Not get behind and miss opportunities In tune with God
The Person Providing Spiritual Assistance
Motivation Meet the spiritual need of the person for
whom you are caring? Meet your need to share the gospel?
The Person Providing Spiritual Assistance
Be obedient Do only the work God has given us to do Don’t try to do the work of the Holy Spirit God often uses our weak areas
Glory goes to God
The Ministry of PresenceBeing Christ in a person’s life.
Comfortable in silence
Therapeutic communication skills
Meeting Spiritual NeedsThrough Scripture
Personal study of the Bible prerequisite
Using scripture Meet the identified spiritual need Person is agreeable to the idea
Not using scripture Inappropriate application Persons with acute mental illness
Meeting Spiritual NeedsThrough PrayerNot magic
Personal prayer
For others With their permission Apart from the person on their behalf
Meeting Spiritual NeedsThrough the Church
The Body of Christ Each has unique gifts to bring to
the table Each person is a work in progress
– in need of grace Everyone is needed
Meeting Spiritual NeedsThrough the ChurchUnity – the message of the gospel
Can’t be jealous of others gifts By the love we have for one another,
others will see Christ. Don’t neglect the Church in our priorities.
How to Teach
Most educators Aim at the cognitive domain Focus on providing information Tend to teach the way we have been
taught.
How to teach
Health education should Aim at the practice domain Focus on changed behavior Use methodology appropriate for adult
learners
Adult EducationTheory Implications
1. Adults are capable of learning throughout their lives
1. Everyone should be given opportunity
2. Adults are the agents of their own education
2. Emphasis is on learning; not teaching
3. Adults have a wide experience and have learned much from life
3. Begin with what they know
4. As adults grow older their memories may get weaker but their powers of observation and reasoning often grow stronger
4. Don’t emphasize facts as much as present concepts
5. Adults have a sense of personal dignity
5. Treat them with respect
Adult Education
People Remember:
20% of what they hear
40% of what they hear and see
80% of what they discover for themselves
See What did you see or hear?
Happening What is happening?
Our Does this happen in our community?Give examples
Why Why does it happen?
e
Do
What can we do about it?
How? Who? When? Where?
SHOWeD
Adult Education
Curriculum Development
Professional Body of knowledge Regulated practice – License Built on foundation of arts and sciences
Curriculum Development
Competency/Mastery Prepares person for a task/job Focus is on skill/job performance Information is limited to what is necessary to
learn the skill
Develop a list of skillsWhat knowledge does the health worker
need to do this task?
What would be nice to know
What would be good to know
What is essential to know
Develop a list of skillsWhat practical skills does the health worker need
to do this task?
Communication
Problem solving
Manual
Knowledge, Attitude, PracticeLearning has not taken place until it is put
into practice
Head knowledge passes through values/beliefs before being acted upon Smokers continue to smoke even though
they know it is detrimental to their health Distance between heaven and hell is
distance between head and heart