They Also Take Some Classes That Introduce Chinese

8/14/2019 They Also Take Some Classes That Introduce Chinese

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Unit 11 Chatting w ith Chinese Friends

Dialogue

(Xio Zhng qio mn)()(Xiaozhang knocks at the door.)

()

Renmei: (I'm) coming. (Renmei opened the door.) Guohua, Xiaofang,welcome, welcome. Please come in. Xueyou is also here.

Xuyu: Guhu, Xiofng, ho ji b jin le, zujn znmeyang?

Xueyou: Guohua, Xiaofang, haven't seen you for a while. How is everything going?

Guhu: Zujn wmen du bjio mng. W cnji le yge GRE kosh fdobn. Xiofng lyng jiq,zi y ji wizqy gngzu.

GRE

Guohua: We have been busy lately. I attended a GRE exam coachingclass. Xiaofang is making use of the break and working in aforeign invested company.

Rnmi: Znme, Guhu, n xing cnji GRE kosh,shnqng Miguo dxu de jingxujn, du ma?

GRERenmei: What, Guohua, you want to take the GRE exam, and apply for

scholarship from American universities, right?

Guhu: Du. W de zhuny sh Yng Mi wnxu. W hnxwang nng do Miguo de dxu shng ynjisu,gngd Yng Mi wnxu de bsh xuwi.

Guohua: Right. My major is British and American literature. I really

hope that I can go to graduate school in the U.S. and pursue adoctorate in British and American literature.

Xuyu: N de xingf hn ho. Yo zhnzhng lioji


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y ge guji de yyn h wnhu, ji ynggi qn ge guji xux h shnghuo y dun shjin.

Xueyou: That's a very good idea. (If you) want to truly understand the

language and the culture of a country, (you) should go to thatcountry to study and live for a period of time.

Guhu: Sh a. Rnmi, Xuyu, zh sh bu sh nmen li Zhngguo lixu de yunyn ?Guohua: Right. Renmei, Xueyou, is this the reason why you come to study in China?

Rnmi: Sh. Li Zhngguo yqin, w y xi le ho jmn Hny k. Yu kuy k, yf k, shf k,dngdeng. W de Zhngwn loshdu jio defichng ho. Ksh, shngk de shjin bjngyuxin, w linx Zhngwn de jhu b ti du.Li Bijng yhu, mitin tng do de, kn do dedu sh Zhngwn, hi yu hn du jhu gn Zhngguode losh, tngxu h pngyoumen jiotn. Xuyu hw de Zhngwn du jnb de fichang kui.

Renmei: Yes. Before we came to China, I had also taken many Chineseclasses. I had conversation class, grammar class, calligraphyclass, etc. My Chinese teachers all taught very well. However,the time in class was nonetheless limited. I did not have manyopportunities to practice Chinese. After I came to Beijing,everyday, what I hear and what I see are all Chinese. I alsohave many opportunities to talk to my Chinese teachers,classmates and friends. Xueyou and I have made rapid progress in our Chinese.

Xiofng: Nmen de kchng npi de znmeyang ?

Xiaofang: How is your class schedule?

Xuyu: Hn jnzhng. Mitin shngw yu s ge xiosh dek, xiw h wnshang yo fx gngk, zu zuy.

Xueyou: Very tight. Everyday we have four hours of classes in the morning.


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We have to review the lessons and do homework in the afternoon and at night.

Guhu: Ko gu sh le ma ?

Guohua: Have you had any exams?

Rnmi: Mi ge xngqyu y c cyn. Shng ge xngqdecyn hn nn. W ko de b ti ho. Zh ge xngq,w yo hoho de fx gngk, zhnbi xi xngqde kosh.

Renmei: Every week there is a quiz. Last week's quiz was very difficult.I didn't do very well. This week, I want to review my lessonswell, and prepare for next week's quiz.

Xiofng: Mi xing do, nmen de xux zhme mng. Bijngho wnr de dfng hn du. Nmen ch q wnr le ma?

Xiaofang: I didn't know that your study is so busy. There are many

interesting places in Beijing. Have you been anywhere?

Xuyu: Q le. Wmen shng ge xngqtin gn jio wmen kuy

de Ln loshq Chngchng wnr le. Chngchngzhnsh zhunggun. Shu shu:B do Chngchng fiho hn. Wmen q le Chngchng, ci lji zh jhu de ysi. Yhu rgu yu jhu, wmen hi xing zi q y c Chngchng.

Xueyou: Yes. Last Sunday we went to the Great Wall with our conversationclass teacher, Teacher Lin. The Great Wall is reallymagnificent. A common saying goes: "If you fail to reach theGreat Wall you are not a man." After we went to the Great Wall,we truly understood the meaning of this saying. In the future,if there is any opportunity, both of us want to go to the Great Wall again.

Rnmi: Wmen q Chngchng de n y tin, hi di zhe xingj.Ln loshgi wmen zho le hn du zhopin. Wmenzutin q yuj, gi zi Miguo de fm h pngyou j

le xn h zhopin.


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Renmei: The day we went to the Great Wall, we also brought the

camera with us. Teacher Lin took a lot of pictures for us.Yesterday, we went to the post office and mailed letters andpictures to our parents and friends in the U.S.

Xiofng: Nmen q gu Tintn ma?Xiaofang: Have you been to the Temple of Heaven?

Xuyu, Rnmi: Hi miyu ne.Xueyou, Renmei: No, we haven't.

Xiofng: W ji ji zi Tintn fjn. W zhdo nr yu y gehn ho de Xn jiozi gun. Zh ge xngq li, Guhuh w xing qng Nmen yqq Tintn wnr. Rnhu,yqq Xn jiozi gun chfn.

Xiaofang: My home is near the Temple of Heaven. I know that there is

a very good Xi'an dumpling restaurant there. This Saturday,Guohua and I would like to invite you to go to the Temple ofHeaven with us. After that, we can go to the Xi'an dumplingrestaurant together.

Rnmi: Ti ho le. Xngq li n tin w di zhe xingj, wmendji yqdu zho j zhng xing.

Renmei: Great. I am going to bring my camera on Saturday. Let's take a lot of pictures.

Xuyu: Rnmi, nbsh shu yo hoho de fx gngk, zhnbixi xngqde kosh ma?

Xueyou: Renmei, didn't you say that you are going to review your lessons

well and prepare for next week's exam?

Rnmi: Xngqtin hi ky fx gngk ma. Guhu, Xiofng, nmen shu du ma?


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Renmei: I can review on Sunday. Guohua, Xiaofang, what would you say?

Guhu: Xiofng: Du. Nmen pngsh xuxi de hn nl, zhum ynggihoho xixi y xir.

Guohua, Xiaofang: Right. You study very hard on weekdays. During theweekend, you should take a good rest.

Reading

,

,


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GRE

Zi Bi D De Shnghuo

Xuyu h Rnmi wile xux Zhngwn h gng du de lioji

Zhngguo wnhu, cng Miguo li do Zhngguo de shud

Bijng. Xinzi, tmen zi Bijng dxu xux, shnghuo

yjng kui ling ge yu le.Shng ge xngqtin, Xuyu h Renmi q le yuj. Rnmi

gi zi Miguo de bba mma j le xn h y xi zhopin.


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Rnmi y shu do gu bba xi gi t de xn, gl t hoho

de lyng zh ci jhu, nl de xux Zhngwn. Bijng

dxu de xux shnghuo jnzhng rqi fngf. Mitin tmen

de kchng du pi de mnmn de. Tngchng shngw shng k,

xux yf, kuy, xizu, tngsh hi yu y xi jisho

Zhngguo wnhu de kchng. Xuyu h Rnmi du du Zhngguo

wnhu hn gn xngqu. Ktng shang, tmen zhunxn de

tngjing, rnzhn de zu bj. Losh jing de k, tmen yu

de tng de dng, yu de b ti dng. B dng de dngxi,tmen

ji q qngjiao losh. Xiw, yush tmen q tshgun ch

zlio, yush zi ssh fx gngk. Cwi, mi zhu yu y

c cyn, jinyn xusheng de xux qngkung. Xuyu h Rnmi

xu de hn nl, suy, tmen de Zhngwn shupng tgo de

fichng kui, mi c cyn de chngji du bcu. Dngrn,

tmen y hu chu ch y xi shjin, dunlin shnt. Tinq

ho deshhou, tmen hu zi xioyun ni pob, d ymoqi ;

tinq ti r le, ji do yuynggun q yuyng hu q

jinshnfng dunlin.Zi Bijng, Rnmi h Xuyu hi jio le hn du Zhngguo

pngyou. Guhu h Xiofng sh Bijng dxu Yngy x de

xusheng, tmen du sh Rnmi h Xuyu de pngyou. Tmen s


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ge rn zi yq deshhou, jngchng liotin, tn xux, tn

xioyun shnghuo, tn Zhngguo dxusheng h Miguo dxusheng

zhjin de btng. Gng du deshhou, tmen zi yyn shang

hxing bngzh, hxing xux. Jntin xiw, tmen yu zi

yq lio le hn chng shjin. Guhu zhngzi zhnbi GRE

kosh, xwang nng do Miguo gngd bsh xuwi. Xiofng

zhng lyng jiq zi y ji wiz qy gngzu. Ji yo by le,

t xwang nng yu xi shjin jngyn, wile nng shnl de

shyng yhu de gngzu. Guhu gi Xuyu tmen jisho le hn

du Bijng ho wnr de dfng. nzho Guhu h qit Zhngguo

pngyou de jisho, Xuyu h Rnmi yjng q le hn du dfng.

Chngchng, Xingshn, Bihi dng dfng, tmen du q gu le.

Zh ge zhum, Guhu h Xiofng yo di Xuyu tmen q Tintn

wnr, hi yo yq q yumng de Xn jiozigun.

In order to study Chinese and know more about the Chinese culture,

Xueyou and Renmei came to the Chinese capital Beijing from the United

States. By now, they have been studying and living in Beijing Unviersityfor almost two months. Last Sunday, Xueyou and Renmei went to the post office.

Renmei sent a letter and some pictures to her mom and dad. She has also

received her Dad's letter encouraging her to make full use of this opportunity

and study Chinese hard. The study life in Beijing University is busy and rich.


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Everyday, their class schedule is full. Usually, they have classes in the morning,studying grammar, speaking and composition. In the meantime, they also take someclasses that introduce Chinese culture. Both Xueyou and Renmei are very interested

in Chinese culture. In class, they listen carefully to the teachers and take notes.(As to) what the teachers teach in class, some they can fully understand, some theycan't understand all that well. (For) things that they don't understand, they goand ask their teachers for help. In the afternoon, sometimes they go to the libraryto look for reference materials, sometimes they review lessons in their dorms.Besides this, there is a quiz every week to evaluate students' achievements. Xueyouand Renmei study very hard. Therefore, they have made rapid progress in their Chinese.They got good grades in every exam. Of course, they also take some spare time toexercise. When the weather is fine, they will go swimming in the swimming pool orwork out at the fitness center in the gym. In Beijing, Xueyou and Renmei have alsomade many Chinese friends. Guohua and Xiaofang are students in the English Departmentat Beijing University. They are both good friends of Xueyou and Renmei. When the fourof them are together, they often chat with each other, talking about their study, campuslife, and the differences between Chinese and American college students. More often,they help each other in studying languages. This afternoon, they were chatting for along time again. Guohua is preparing for the GRE, hoping to pursue a Ph.D.in AmericanUniversity. Xiaofang is making use of the break and working for a foreign-investedcompany. She is graduating soon, and she hopes to have some work experience, so thatshe can adjust to her future work smoothly. Guohua introduced to Xueyou and Renmei

many interesting places in Beijing. Accoring Guohua and other friends' suggestions,Xueyou and Renmei have been to many places. The Great wall, Fragrance Hill and BeihaiPark etc., they have already been to these places. This weekend, Guohua and Xiaofangwill take Xueyou and Renmei to the Temple of Heaven for fun. They will also go to thefamous Xi'an Dumpling restaurant.

Grammar

1. A Summary of the Aspect Particles () (/)...

.

(1.) The progressive aspect of an action using ().

The progressive aspect is used to indicate an action that is in

progress. When used with approriate time words, the aspect particle


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() can indicate the past, the present or the future progressive

aspect of an action.

For example:

1.)

This morning when Guohua called Xueyou, Xueyou was reviewing Chinese.

2.)

Teacher Wang is tutoring Xiaoding on her grammar. I will wait for a

while to ask him questions.

3.)

If you go to Teacher Lin's place at 9:00 tomorrow, he will certainly be

correcting homework.

4.)(la2ogo1ngjie2, Labor Day)

Now American college students are having summer break. They will start

school after Labor Day.

(2.) The continuous aspect of action using .

The continuous aspect is used to indicate the continuation of an action

or the result of an action. When used with approriate time words, the

aspect particle can indicate the past, the present or the future


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continuous aspect of an action.

For example:

1.)

Yesterday when I went to Xiaoding's place, she was listening to Chinese

folk songs.

2.)

Xiaoding's dorm is very clean. On the wall there hangs her mom and dad's

picture.

3.)(she4ngda4nla3ore2n, Santa

Claus)

In the morning on Christmas Day, children's bedside will be placed with

gifts that Santa Claus gives them.

4.)

Xiaoding's mom, looking at the pictures Xiaoding sent from Beijing,

smiled happily.

(3.) The impending aspect of action using (/)......

The impending aspect is used to indicate that an action is going to

take place soon. The structure (/)...... is used to express

the impending aspect of action.


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For example:

1.)

Xiaoding's mom and dad are coming to Beijing to see her (soon).

2.)

The final is coming up. Shihai is reviewing Chinese very carefully.

3.)

It is going to rain. Let's go to the Summer Palace tomorrow.

4.)

The plane is about to arrive in Beijing. Xiaoding and Xueyou are both very

excited.

(4.) The perfect aspect of action using .

The perfect aspect is used to indicate the realization or completion of

an action. When used with approriate time words, the aspect particle

can indicate the past, the present or the future perfect aspect of

an action.

For example:

1.)

Xiaoding and Xueyou went to the Great Wall with Teacher Lin last Sunday.


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2.)(ke3nni2di2, Kennedy)

Tomorrow at this time, my mom's plane will have arrived at JFK

Airport.

3.)

Before coming to China, Renmei had taken many Chinese courses.

4.)

Yesterday we sent a letter and pictures to mom and dad.

(5.) The past experience using .

The aspect particle is used to indicate the past experience of an

action. For sentences using the aspect particle , if the speaker

would like to indicate that the event referred to has already taken

place and is relevant to the present situation, the modal particle

(not the aspect particle )can be added at the end of the sentences.

For example:

1.)

Yesterday Xiaoding and Xueyou had taken the exam.

2.)

Xueyou went to the hospital and had a physical exam last week.

3.)


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Xiaoding's dad and mom both have been to China.

4.)

Xiaofang has had the experience of working in a foreign invested company.

2. A Summary of the Structural Particles .

(1.) is usually used together with adjectives/pronouns/nouns as an

attributive modifier.

The pattern is:

ADJ/PRON/N + + N

For example:

1.)

Zhang Guohua and Wang Xiaofang are both students of Beijing University.

2.)

Shanghai is a very modernized city.

3.)

Xueyou and Xiaoding like their speaking class' teacher very much.

(2.) is usually used together with adjective as an aderbial modifier.

The pattern is:


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ADJ + + V

For example:

1.)

Xiaoding told Teacher Lin happily, this weekend, she and Xueyou would

go to the Temple of Heaven with their Chinese friends.

2.)

In order to understand the American culture better, Guohua would like to

go to the U.S. to study.

3.)

In class, all students listen to the teacher attentively and take

notes carefully.

(3.) is used together with adjective as complements of degree.

The pattern is:

V + + ADJ

For examples:

1.)

Xiaoding speaks Chinese in a standard accent.

2.)


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Xueyou drives very fast.

3.)

Dr. Li sees patients very conscientiously.

3. A Summary of the Adverbials .

The meaning for is "again". However, the usage of the three

adverbials are different.

(1.) is used to indicate the repetition of an action that has already

taken place. When used in a negative sentence, is used to indicate

the repetition of the non-occurence of an action.

Sometimes, can also be used to indicate the repetition of an action

that has not yet taken place. In this kind of situation, however, the

action involved is expected to take place according to people's past

experience or natural law.

For example:

1.)

I called my girlfriend this morning. In the afternoon, I called her

again.


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2.)

He got the flu. Yesterday, he didn't come to class. Today, he didn't come

again.

3.)(jia1oyo2u, go on an excursion/outing)

Tomorrow will be a fine day again. Let's go on an excursion or an outing

together.

(2.) is used to indicate the repetition of an action that will take

place in the future. When used in a negative sentence, is used to

indicate the repetition of the non-occurence of an action that will not

take place in the future.

is also used to indicate an action that will take place after a

certain point or period of time.

For example:

1.)

The Great Wall is really magnificent. We would like to go there again.

2.)

Yesterday I already called my mom and dad. I am not calling them today.

3.)


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This American student studied Chinese in Beijing Language and Culture

University first, then he went to Beijing University to study Chinese

history.

(3.) is used to emphasize the repetition of an action that will take

place in the future. is often used together with optative words such

as etc. in this case.

also means "besides, in addition to" or "still, (is) yet to".

For example:

1.)

This restaurant is great. I want to come again tomorrow.

2.)

The rain has not yet stopped. Please stay/sit for a while.

3.)

Guohua knows many foreign students, there are Japanese, Koreans, French,

as well as Americans.

4. The Structure ()......


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The structure ()...... means "if (somebody would like to do

sth.), he/she should (do sth. first). It is a conditional structure in

which the speaker states the goal after (), and indicates the

condition(s) for realizing the goal after . The basic pattern

is:

Subject + ()+ Goal, + Condition(s)

For example:

1.)

If you want to truely understand the language and culture of a country,

you should go to study and live in that country for a period of time.

2.)(jia1oliu2, to communicate with)

If you want to study Chinese well, you should communicate with Chinese

people more often.

3.)

If you want to keep healthy, you should do more exercises.

Speech Pattern

1. The Aspect Particles () (/)....

1.)

When I saw Guohua in the library today, he was reviewing English.

2.)


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Tomorrow afternoon at two, I will certainly be driving to the airport to

pick up someone.

3.)

This is my dad's study. On the wall there hangs a map of China.

4.)(ya3nji4ng, lenses)(hua4zha3n, art

exhibition)

Tomorrow I will go to see the art exhibition wearing my glasses.

5.)

Spring is coming soon. The flowers on campus are going to blossom.

6.)

This week Xiaoding has had her exam. She did quite well.

2. The Structural Particles .

1.)

Xiaoding is going to call Teacher Wang's wife.

2.)

Beijing International Airport is a modernized airport.

3.)

Xiaoding and Xueyou miss their mom and dad and their friends in the U.S.

a lot.

4.)


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After looking at the pictures and the letter sent by Xiaoding and

Xueyou, Xiaoding's mom said gladly: "Beijing is very beautiful."

5.)

Xiaoding's mom in her letter asked Xiaoding study Chinese hard and not

miss home.

6.)

Now, Xiaoding and Xueyou write Chinese characters beautifully.

3. The Adverbials .

1.)(xia3oshuo1, novel)

I bought an English novel yesterday. I bought another one today.

2.)

I went to China last summer. I intend again to go to China this summer.

3.)(fo2luo2li3da2, Florida)(di2si1ni2)

(le4yua2n, entertainment park)

I went to the Disney land in Florida in spring. I want to go again

next year.

4.)

The meal is not ready yet. Please have some tea first.

5.)

There are four children in my family. I have an older brother, a younger


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brother, as well as a younger sister.

4. The Structure ()......

1.)

If you want to see the movie on Saturday night, you should buy the tickets

earlier.

2.)(ca4ipu3, recipe)

If you want to learn to make Chinese food, you should buy a

Chinese cookbook.

3.)

If you want to take this calligraphy class, you should register earlier.

4.)

In the U.S., if you want to see a doctor, you should call to make an

appointment.

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They Also Take Some Classes That Introduce Chinese