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INTRODUCTION REFERENCES: 1. Krishnadas, M., Mundinamani, S.M. and Guledgudda, S.S., 2009, Growth and Instability in Production of Major Spices in India. Proceedings of National Workshop on Current Trends and Future Prospects in Prododuction and Export of Spice Crops with special reference to Chillies. UAS, Dharwad. February 27-28. p.226. 2. Govaerts R, Campacci MA, Holland Baptista D et al. (2006) World Checklist of Orchidaceae. http://www.kew.org/ wcsp/monocots/. Accessed 29 May 2006. 3. Bouriquet, G. (1954). Le vanillier et la vanille dans le monde. Encyclopédie Biologique XLVI., Paul Lechevalier, Paris VI. 4. Purseglove, J.W., Brown, E.G., Green, C.L.& Robbins, S.R.J. (1981). Chapter 11: Vanilla. In: Spices: Tropical Agricultural Series, Longman, (Ed.), pp. 644-735, London. 5. Madhusoodanan, K. J., Radhakrishnan, V.V., and Sudarshan, M.R., 2003, Vanilla, the prince of spices pp 5-9. Spices Board, Cochin. 6. De Guzman, C. C. Vanilla. In Handbook of Herbs and Spices; Peter, K. V., Ed.; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, 2004; Vol. 2, pp 322−353. 7. Anil Kumar, A.S., 2004. Vanilla cultivation: A profitable Agri-based enterprise. Kerala Calling, pp. 26–30. 8. Bythrow, J.D. (2005) Vanilla as a Medicinal Plant. Seminars in Integrative Medicine, Vol. 3, Issue 4, p.129- 131. 9. Ho, K., Yazan, L., Ismail, N. and Ismail, M. (2009) Apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of human colorectal

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INTRODUCTION REFERENCES:

1. Krishnadas, M., Mundinamani, S.M. and Guledgudda, S.S., 2009, Growth and

Instability in Production of Major Spices in India. Proceedings of National Workshop

on Current Trends  and Future Prospects in Prododuction and Export of Spice Crops

with special reference to Chillies. UAS, Dharwad. February 27-28. p.226.

2. Govaerts R, Campacci MA, Holland Baptista D et al. (2006) World Checklist of

Orchidaceae. http://www.kew.org/ wcsp/monocots/. Accessed 29 May 2006.

3. Bouriquet, G. (1954). Le vanillier et la vanille dans le monde. Encyclopédie

Biologique XLVI., Paul Lechevalier, Paris VI.

4. Purseglove, J.W., Brown, E.G., Green, C.L.& Robbins, S.R.J. (1981). Chapter 11:

Vanilla. In: Spices: Tropical Agricultural Series, Longman, (Ed.), pp. 644-735,

London.

5. Madhusoodanan, K. J., Radhakrishnan, V.V., and Sudarshan, M.R., 2003, Vanilla,

the prince of spices pp 5-9. Spices Board, Cochin.

6. De Guzman, C. C. Vanilla. In Handbook of Herbs and Spices; Peter, K. V., Ed.; CRC

Press: Boca Raton, FL, 2004; Vol. 2, pp 322−353.

7. Anil Kumar, A.S., 2004. Vanilla cultivation: A profitable Agri-based enterprise.

Kerala Calling, pp. 26–30.

8. Bythrow, J.D. (2005) Vanilla as a Medicinal Plant. Seminars in Integrative Medicine,

Vol. 3, Issue 4, p.129-131.

9. Ho, K., Yazan, L., Ismail, N. and Ismail, M. (2009) Apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of

human colorectal cancer cell line HT-29 induced by vanillin. The International

Journal of Cancer Epidemiology, Detection and Prevention, 33, p.155-160.

10. Shanmugavalli, N. and Umashankar, V. (2009) Antimicrobial activity of vanilla

planifolia. Indian Journal or Science and Technology, Vol. 2, No. 3, p. 37-40.

11. Rattaz, C., Goubet, N. and Bullinger, A. (2005) The calming effect of a familiar odour

on full-term newborns. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 26 (2),

p.86-92.

12. Minoo, D., Jayakumar, V., Veena, S., Vimala, J., Basha, A., Saji, K., Nirmal Babu, K.

and Peter, K. 2008. Genetic variations and interrelationships in Vanilla planifolia and

few related species as expressed by RAPD polymorphism. Genetic Resources and

Crop Evolution. 55:459-470.

Page 2: Thesis Reference

13. Chomchalow, N. 1996. Spice production in Asia – An Overview. IBC’s Asia Spice

Markets 1996 Conference, Singapore.

14. Indian food Industry, March-April, 2008

15. Spice India, 2008. New milestones in exports, Spice India. 21(6): 4-7.

16. Murashige, T., 1974, Plant propagation through tissue culture. Plant Physiology, 25:

135-166.

17. Pierik, R.L.M., 1990, Rejuvenation and micropropagation. In: Progress in Plant

Cellular and Molecular Geology (Ed. (Nijkamp) Kluwer Academic Publishers,

Dordreeht, The Netherlands, pp.91-101.

BIBLIOGRAPHY FOR CHAPTER 2 intro:

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Publishers.pp.1-5.

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3. SCHWANN, T., 1839, Mikroskopische untersuch un gen uber die ubereinstimmung

in der struktur and dem wach stume der tiere and pfanzen (Ostwalds Kallsiker de

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4. HABERLANDT, G., 1902, Culturvessuche mit isoleerten pflanzenzellen, sitzungsber,

math, naturwiss K1, Kais, Akad, Wiss., III : 69-92

5. Went, F., and Thimann, K.V., 1937, Phytohormones, Macmillan, Inc, New York.

6. SKOOG, F. AND MILLER, C.O., 1957, Chemical regulation of growth and organ

formation in plant tissues cultivated in vitro. Symposium Soc. Experimental Biology,

2: 118-131.

7. Murashige, T., and Skoog, F., 1962, A revised medium for rapid growth and

bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiologia plantarum., 15: 473-497.

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and subtropical ornamentals. Acta Horticulturae, 461: 93-103.

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liquid medium. Plant Physiology, 9: 585-600.

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11. GAUTHERET, R.T., 1939, Sur la possabilite de reliser la culture idefinie des tissue

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12. MOREL, G.M. AND MARTIN C., 1952, Guerism de dahlial atteints d’une Maladie a

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13. REINSERT, J., 1958, Morphogenes and ihrekontrolle an gewebekulturen aus

karotten, Naturwissenschyaften, 45: 344-345.

14. STEWARD, F.C., MAPES, M.O. AND MEAR,S K., 1958, Growth and organized

development of cultured cell. II. Organization in cultures grown from freely

suspended cells. American Journal of Botany, 48: 705-708.

15. MOREL, G.M., 1960, Producing virus free Cymbidiom. American Orchid Society

Bulletin, 29:495-497.

16. COCKING, E.C., 1960, A method for isolation of plant protoplasts and vacuoles.

Nature, 187:927-929.

17. COCKING, E.C., 1966, Uptake of foreign genetic material by plant protoplasts.

Cytolagy, 48:323-329.

18. MURASHIGE, T., BITTER, W. P., RANGAN, T. S., NAUER, E. M.,

ROISTACHER, C. N. AND HOLLIDAY, P.P., 1972, A technique of shoot apex

grafting and its utilization towards recovering virus free citrus clones. Horticulture

Science, 7: 118-119.

19. CARLSON, P.S., SMITH, H.H. AND DARING, R.D., 1972, Parasexual interspecific

plant hybridization. Proceedings of National Academy of Science, USA, 69 : 2292-

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25: 135-166.

21. MURASHIGE, T., 1978, Principles of rapid propagation, In: Propagation of Higher

Plants Through Tissue Culture a Bridge Between Research and Application (K.

Huges, R. Henke and M. Constantin Eds.) Technology Information Centre, USDE

Oak, Ridge, pp.14-24.

22. NAVARRO, C., ROISTACHER, C. N. AND MURASHIGE, T., 1975, Improvement

of shoot tip grafting in vitro for virus free citrus. Journal of American Society of

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23. HU, C.Y. AND WANG, P.T., 1983, Meristem, shoottip and bud cultures. In: Hand

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24. LITZ, R.E., 1984, In vitro somatic embryogenesis from nucelluar callus of

monoembrgenic Mangifera indica L. Horticulture Science, 19 : 715-717.

25. LITZ, R.E., 1985, Somatic embryogenesis in tropical fruit trees, In: Tissue Culture in

Forestry and Agriculture. (R.R. Henke, K.W. Hughes, M.J. Constantin and A.

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26. EVANS, D.A., SHARP, W.R. AND FLINCK, C.E., 1981, Growth and behaviour of

cell cultures: Embryogenesis and organogenesis. In: Plant Tissue Culture: Methods

and Applications in Agriculture (TA Thrope, Ed.), Academic Press, New York,

pp.45-114.

27. STYLER, D.T. AND CHIN, C.K., 1983, Meristem and shoot tip culture for

propagation, pathogen elimination and germplasm preservation. Horticulture Review,

5: 221- 227.

28. SHARP, W.R., EVANS, D.A., AMMIRATO, P.V. AND YAMADA, Y., 1984, Hand

book of plant cell culture. Volume 2, Crop Species, MacMillan Publishing Co., New

York.

29. ROTOR, G. B., 1949, A method of vegetative propagation of phalanopsis species and

hybrids. American Orchid Society Bulletin, 18: 738-739.

30. Jarret, R.L. and Fernandez, Z.R., (1984), Shoot tip Vanilla culture for storage and

exchange, Plant Genetic Resource News letter, 57: 25-2

31. Kononowicz, H. and Janick, J., (1984), In vitro propagation of Vanilla planifolia,

Horticulture Science, 19: 58-59.

32. Philip V. J., Nainar, S. A. Z. (1986), Clonal propagation of vanilla planifolia (Salisb)

Ames using tissue culture. Journal of Plant Physiology 122: 211-215.

33. Philip, V. J. and Nainar, S. A. Z. (1988), Structural changes during the in vitro

generation of Vanilla planifolia (orchidaceae); Annnals of Botany, 61: 139-145

34. Philip, V.J. and Padikkala, J., (1989), The role of indoleacetic acid in the conversion

of root meristems to shoot meristems in Vanilla planifolia, Journal of Plant

Physiology, 135: 233-236.

35. Philip, V.J. (1989). Use of tissue culture technology and possibilities of germplasm

conservation, Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2: 114–121.

36. Philip, V.J. (1991). In Vitro, 27: Pt2 44A. (Abstract).

37. Rao, Y. S., Mathew, M. A. , Madhusoodanan, K. J. , and Naidu. R., (1993), Multiple

shoot regeneration in vanilla (vanilla planifolia). Journal of Plantation Crops, 21:

351- 354.

Page 5: Thesis Reference

38. Ganesh et al., 1996, Micropropagation of vanilla through node culture, Journal of

Plantation Crops, 24: 16-22

39. Geetha, S. and Shetty, A.S., 2000, In vitro propagation of Vanilla planifolia a

tropical orchid; Current Science, 79: 886-889

40. George, P. S., and G. A. Ravishankar. (1997), In vitro multipliation of Vanilla

planifolia using axillary bud explants,  Plant Cell Reports, 16: 490–494

41. Girirdhar, P., Reddy, D.B., Ravishanker, G.A., (2001), Silver nitrate influence on in

vitro shoot proliferation and root formation in vanilla (Vanilla planifolia), Current

Science, 81: 1166-1170.

42. Minoo, D.(2002).Seedling an somaclonal variation and their characterization in

vanilla. Ph.D Thesis submitted to the Calicut University, Calicut,India, pp 110-304

43. Giridhar, P. and Ravishankar, G. A. (2004) Efficient micropropagation of Vanilla

planifolia Andr. under influence of thiadiazuron, zeatin and coconut milk, Indian

Journal of Biotechnology, 3: 113-118.

44. Giridhar, P. and Vijaya Ramu, D. and Ravishankar, G. A. (2003) Phenyl acetic acid-

induced in vitro shoot multiplication of Vanilla planifolia. Tropical Science, 43 (2).

pp. 92-95.

45. Lisha, S. (2003), In vitro response of various explants of Vaniia planifolia Andrews

on SH medium supplemented with different levels of 6-benzylaminopurine,

Dissetation submitted to the University of Calicut for the awar of M.Sc. degree in

Botany. pp 25-33

46. Balasubramanian, S., Parathiraj, S. (2004) ; High frequency cell line derived from

immature seeds for mass multiplication of Vanilla planifolia and its economics,

Journal of Plantation Crops Vol. 32(Supplement): pp. 156-162

47. Cervera, E. and Madrigal, R. (1981), In vitro propagation of Vanilla planifolia A. .

Environmental and Experimental Botany, 21: 441.

48. Kunisaki, J.T., Kim, K.K. & Sagawa, Y. (1972). Shoot tip culture of Vanda.

American Orchid Society Bulletin, 41: 435-439.

Review for explants

1. Murashige, T., 1974, Plant propagation through tissue cultures, Annual Review of

Plant Physiology., 25: 136-166.

2. George, E. F. and Sherrington, P. D., 1984, Plant propagation by tissue culture, Hand

book of directory of commercial laboratories, Exegetics Ltd. Baningstoke, UK. pp.

67-85.

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3. STEWART, J., 1989, Orchid Propagation and Tissue Culture Techniques, Past,

Present and Future, Ed. W. H. Pritchard, Cambridge University Press, U.K.

4. Giridhar, P. and Vijaya Ramu, D. and Ravishankar, G. A. (2003) Phenyl acetic acid-

induced in vitro shoot multiplication of Vanilla planifolia.  Tropical Science, 43 (2).

pp. 92-95.

5. Jarret, R.L. and Fernandez, Z.R., (1984), Shoot tip Vanilla culture for storage and

exchange, Plant Genetic Resource News letter, 57: 25-2

6. Kononowicz, H. and Janick, J., (1984), In vitro propagation of Vanilla planifolia,

Horticulture Science, 19: 58-59.

7. Philip V. J., Nainar, S. A. Z. (1986), Clonal propagation of vanilla planifolia (Salisb)

Ames using tissue culture. Journal of Plant Physiology.122: 211-215.

8. Rao, Y. S., Mathew, M. A. , Madhusoodanan, K. J. , and Naidu. R., (1993), Multiple

shoot regeneration in vanilla (vanilla planifolia). Journal of Plantation Crops, 21:

351- 354.

9. Ganesh et al., 1996, Micropropagation of vanilla through node culture, Journal of

Plantation Crops, 24: 16-22

10. Geetha, S. and Shetty, A.S., 2000, In vitro propagation of Vanilla planifolia a

tropical orchid; Current Science, 79: 886-889

11. George, P. S., and G. A. Ravishankar. (1997), In vitro multipliation of Vanilla

planifolia using axillary bud explants, Plant Cell Reports, 16: 490–494

12. Girirdhar, P., Reddy, D.B., Ravishanker, G.A., (2001), Silver nitrate influence on in

vitro shoot proliferation and root formation in vanilla (Vanilla planifolia), Current

Science, 81: 1166-1170.

13. Minoo, D.(2002).Seedling an somaclonal variation and their characterization in

vanilla. Ph.D Thesis submitted to the Calicut University, Calicut,India, pp 110-304

14. Giridhar, P. and Ravishankar, G. A. (2004) Efficient micropropagation of Vanilla

planifolia Andr. under influence of thiadiazuron, zeatin and coconut milk, Indian

Journal of Biotechnology, 3: 113-118.

15. Lisha, S. (2003), In vitro response of various explants of Vaniia planifolia Andrews

on SH medium supplemented with different levels of 6-benzylaminopurine,

Dissetation submitted to the University of Calicut for the awar of M.Sc. degree in

Botany. pp 25-33

Page 7: Thesis Reference

16. Balasubramanian, S., Parathiraj, S. (2004) ; High frequency cell line derived from

immature seeds for mass multiplication of Vanilla planifolia and its economics,

Journal of Plantation Crops Vol. 32(Supplement): pp. 156-162

17. Philip, V.J. (1989). Use of tissue culture technology and possibilities of germplasm

conservation, Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2: 114–121.

18. Philip, V. J. and Nainar, S. A. Z. (1988), Structural changes during the in vitro

generation of Vanilla planifolia (orchidaceae); Annnals of Botany, 61: 139-145

19. Minoo, D., Sajina, A., Babu, K.N. and Ravindran, P.N. (1997). Ovule culture of

vanilla and its potential in crop improvement. ln: (eds. Edison, S., Ramana, K.V.,

Sasikumar, B., Babu, KN. and Eapen, S.J.) Biotechnology of spices, medicinal &

aromatic plants. Proceedings of the National Seminar on Biotechnology of Spices and

Aromatic Plants, Calicut, lndia, 24-25 April, 1996, pp. 112-118.

20. PETT, B., KEMBU, A.B., TAYLOR, M.B., POWASEU.I AND THORPE, P., 1999,

Factors influencing vanilla mass propagation in vitro, Proceedings of the Regional

Tissue Culture Workshop, Apia, Samoa, 5-13 June 1997. PRAP-Report Pacific

Regional Agricultural Programme, 7: 13-15.

21. MATHEW, K.M., RAO, Y.S., KUMAR, K.P., MADHUSOODANAN, K.J., POTTY,

S.N. AND KISHOR, P.B.K., 1999, In vitro culture systems in Vanilla, Plant tissue

culture and biotechnology : Emerging Trends. Proceedings of a Symposium held at

Hyderabad, India, 29-31 January, pp.171-179.

22. Njoroge AM, Gitonga L, Mutuma E, Mimano L, Macharia C, Wasilwa L, Muli S,

Kiuru P, Mungai, A (2005). Propagation of high quality planting materials of Vanilla

(Vanilla planifolia) through tissue culture. Kenya Agricultural Research Institute

(KARI), Thika National Agricultural Research Laboratories Nairobi-Kenya: 1-4.

23. Lee-Espinosa HE, Murguı´a-Gonza´lez J, Garcı´a-Rosas B, Co´rdova- Contreras AL,

Laguna-Cerda A, Mijangos-Corte´s JO, Barahona- Pe´rez LF, Iglesias-Andreu LG,

Santana-Buzzy N (2008) In vitro clonal propagation of vanilla (Vanilla planifolia

‘Andrews’). Hort Sci 43(2):454–458

24. Mary, S., Thomas, L., Nair, R.V. and Mallika, V.k. (1999). In vitro seed culture of

vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andr.). Journal of Plantation Crops, 27 (1): 13-21.

25. Minoo, D., Sajina, A., Babu, K.N. and Ravindran, P.N. (1997). Ovule culture of

vanilla and its potential in crop improvement. ln: (eds. Edison, S., Ramana, K.V.,

Sasikumar, B., Babu, KN. and Eapen, S.J.) Biotechnology of spices, medicinal &

Page 8: Thesis Reference

aromatic plants. Proceedings of the National Seminar on Biotechnology of Spices and

Aromatic Plants, Calicut, lndia, 24-25 April, 1996, pp. 112-118.

26. BEECHEY, N., 1970, Spethoglottis plicata a Malayan Orchid. American Orchid

Society Bulletin, 39: 900-902.

27. PHILLIP, V. J. AND NAINAR, S. A. Z., 1986, Clonal propagation of Vanilla

planifolia using tissue culture. Plant Physiology, 122: 211-215.

28. Gonzalez-Arnao, M. , Lazaro-Vallejo, C. , Engelmann, F. , Gamez-Pastrana, R. ,

Martinez-Ocampo, Y. , et al. (2009). Multiplication and cryopreservation of vanilla

(vanilla planifolia 'andrews'). In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology -

Animal,45(5), 574-582.

29. SAGAWA, Y., SHOJI, T. AND SHOJI, T., 1966, Clonal propagation of Cymbidium

through shoot meristem culture. American Orchid Society Bulletin, 35:118-122.

30. VAJRABHAYA, M., 1978, Tissue culture of dormant buds from cattleya back bulbs.

Orchid Reviews, 86: 256-257.

31. ARDITTI, J., 1977, Clonal Propagation of orchid by means of tissue culture-a

manual, In: Orchid Biology, Reviews and Perspectives. Ed. Arditti, J, Cornell

University press, Ithaca, New York, pp 203-293.

32. SAGAWA, Y. AND KUNISAKI, J. T., 1982, Clonal propagation of orchids by tissue

culture. In Plant Tissue Culture, Maruzen, Tokyo, pp. 683-684.

33. SAGAWA, Y., 1962, Embryo culture in phalonopsis, American Orchid Society

Bulletin, 31: 819-821.

34. SAGAWA, Y. AND SEHGAL, O. P., 1967, Aseptic stem propagation of Vanda

“Miss Joaquim”. Pacific Orchid Society Bulletin, 25: 17-18.

35. STEWART, J. AND BUTTEN, J., 1976, Tissue culture studies in phaphiopedilum.

Proceedings of Eight World Conference of in vitro and in Greenhouse, pp. 372- 378.

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37. GOH, C. J., 1989, Orchids–monopodials. In: Handbook of Plant Cell Culture V:

Ornamental Species, McGraw Hill, New York, pp. 596-663.

38. INTOWONG, O. AND SAGAWA, 1973, Clonal propagation of Pahalaenopsis by

shoot tip culture. American Orchid Society Bulletin, 43: 893-895.

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flower stalk cuttings. Scientia Horticulture, 24: 385-390.

Decontamination References:

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1. RAZDAN, M. K., 1993, An introduction to plant tissue culture, Oxford and IBH

publishing company Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, pp. 32-36.

2. Abebe, Z., A. Mengesha, A.Teressa and W. Tefera, 2009. Efficient in vitro

multiplication protocol for Vanilla planifolia using nodal explants in Ethiopia,

African Journal of Biotechnology, 8: 6817-6821.

3. Geetha, S. and Shetty, A.S., 2000, In vitro propagation of Vanilla planifolia a

tropical orchid; Current Science, 79: 886-889

4. Janarthanam, B. and Seshadri, S. 2008. Plantlet regeneration from leaf derived callus

of Vanilla planifolia Andr. In vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology-Plant 44: 84–

89.

5. Tan BC, Chin CF, Alderson P (2011a) An improved plant regeneration of Vanilla

planifolia Andrews. Plant Tissue Culture and Biotechnology, 21(1):27–33

6. Lee-Espinosa HE, Murguı´a-Gonza´lez J, Garcı´a-Rosas B, Co´rdova- Contreras AL,

Laguna-Cerda A, Mijangos-Corte´s JO, Barahona- Pe´rez LF, Iglesias-Andreu LG,

Santana-Buzzy N (2008) In vitro clonal propagation of vanilla (Vanilla planifolia

‘Andrews’). Horticultural Science, 43(2):454–458

7. Neelannavar V S;Biradar M S;Anil Kumar; Shivamurthy D., Horticulture Dep. Univ

of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad-580 005 , In vitro propagation studies in vanilla

(Vanilla planifolia andr.) , 2011,11(1),377-8 

Culture media References:

1. MURASHIGE, T. AND SKOOG, F., 1962, A revised medium for rapid growth and

biosassay with tobacco tissue cultures. Plant Physiology, 15: 473-497.

2. Vasil, I. K. and Thorpe, T. A., 1994, Plant Cell and Tissue Culture. Kluwer Academic

Publishers, Netherlands.

3. GIRIRDHAR, P., REDDY, D.B., RAVISHANKER, G.A., 2001, Silver nitrate

influence on in vitro shoot proliferation and root formation in vanilla (Vanilla

planifolia). Current Science, 81: 1166-1170.

4. GEETHA, S. AND SHETTY, A.S., 2000, In vitro propagation of Vanilla planifolia a

tropical orchid. Current Science, 79: 886-889.

5. Tan BC, Chin CF, Alderson P (2011a), An improved plant regeneration of Vanilla

planifolia Andrews. Plant Tissue Culture and Biotechnology, 21(1):27–33

6. Ganesh et al., 1996, Micropropagation of vanilla through node culture, Journal of

Plantation Crops, 24: 16-22

References for growth regulator:

Page 10: Thesis Reference

1. Gonzalez-Arnao, M. , Lazaro-Vallejo, C. , Engelmann, F. , Gamez-Pastrana, R. ,

Martinez-Ocampo, Y. , et al. (2009). Multiplication and cryopreservation of vanilla

(Vanilla planifolia 'andrews'). In vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology -

Animal,45(5), 574-582.

2. Tan BC, Chin CF, Alderson P (2011a), An improved plant regeneration of Vanilla

planifolia Andrews. Plant Tissue Culture and Biotechnology, 21(1):27–33

3. Janarthanam B and Seshadri S (2008), Plantlet regeneration from leaf derived callus

of Vanilla planifolia Andr. In vitro Cellular Developmental Biology‐Plant 44: 84‐89.

4. Girija S, Ganapathi A and Vengadesan G (1999) Micropropagation of Crossandra

infundibuliformis (L.) Nees. Scientia Horticulturae 82: 331‐337.

5. Mohapatra A and Rout GR (2004) In vitro micropropagation of Geoderum purpureum

R.Br. Indian Journal of Biotechnology, 4: 568‐570.

6. Nagesh KS (2008) High frequency multiple shoot induction of Curculigo orchioides

Gaertn.: Shoot tip V/S Rhizome disc. Taiwania 53(3): 242‐247.

7. Abebe, Z., A. Mengesha, A.Teressa and W. Tefera, 2009. Efficient in vitro

multiplication protocol for Vanilla planifolia using nodal explants in Ethiopia,

African Journal of Biotechnology, 8: 6817-6821.

8. George , E. F. and Sherrington, P. D., 1984, Plant Propagation by Tissue Culture,

Vol. 1,Exgetics Limited, England, pp. 45-49.

9. VUYLSTEKE, D. AND DE, LANGHE, E., 1985, Feasibility of In vitro propagation

of bananas and plantains. Tropical Agriculture, 62 : 14-16.

10. WICKSON, M. E. AND THIMANN, K. V., 1958, The antagonism of auxin and

kinetin in apical dominance. Plant Physiology, 11: 62-94.

11. Bhat, N. (1994). Studies on propagation of vanilla Vanilla planifolia Andr. M.Sc.

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Related sp references

1. MATHEW, K.M., RAO, Y.S., GEORGE, G.L., LAKSHMANAN, R. AND

MADHUSOODANAN, K.J., 2000, In vitro propagation of Vanilla tahitensis. Journal of

Spices and Aromatic Crops, 9(2): 171-173.

2. PETT, B., KEMBU, A.B., TAYLOR, M.B., POWASEU.I AND THORPE, P., 1999, Factors

influencing vanilla mass propagation in vitro, Proceedings of the Regional Tissue Culture

Workshop, Apia, Samoa, 5-13 June 1997. PRAP-Report Pacific Regional Agricultural

Programme, 7: 13-15.

3. MATHEW, K.M., RAO, Y.S., KUMAR, K.P., MADHUSOODANAN, K.J., POTTY, S.N.

AND KISHOR, P.B.K., 1999, In vitro culture systems in Vanilla, Plant tissue culture and

biotechnology : Emerging Trends. Proceedings of a Symposium held atHyderabad, India,

29-31 January, pp.171-179.

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