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Ther
mal
-Mec
hani
cal T
estin
g of
H
yper
soni
c Ve
hicl
e St
ruct
ures
Larr
y H
udso
n an
d C
raig
Ste
phen
sN
AS
A D
ryde
n Fl
ight
Res
earc
h C
ente
rE
dwar
ds, C
A
Hyp
erso
nics
/ MU
RI R
evie
w M
eetin
gU
nive
rsity
of C
alifo
rnia
, San
ta B
arba
raS
anta
Bar
bara
, CA
July
9-1
1, 2
007
Dry
den
Flig
ht R
esea
rch
Cen
ter
2
Out
line
♦U
.S. L
abor
ator
ies
for H
ot S
truc
ture
s Te
stin
g
♦N
ASA
Dry
den
Flig
ht L
oads
Lab
orat
ory
♦H
ot S
truc
ture
s Te
st P
rogr
ams
♦Ty
pica
l Seq
uenc
e fo
r Hot
Str
uctu
res
Test
ing
♦C
urre
nt H
ot S
truc
ture
s Te
stin
g
♦C
oncl
udin
g R
emar
ks
♦U
.S. L
abor
ator
ies
for H
ot S
truc
ture
s Te
stin
g
♦N
ASA
Dry
den
Flig
ht L
oads
Lab
orat
ory
♦H
ot S
truc
ture
s Te
st P
rogr
ams
♦Ty
pica
l Seq
uenc
e fo
r Hot
Str
uctu
res
Test
ing
♦C
urre
nt H
ot S
truc
ture
s Te
stin
g
♦C
oncl
udin
g R
emar
ks
Dry
den
Flig
ht R
esea
rch
Cen
ter
3
U.S
. Lab
orat
orie
s fo
r H
ot S
truc
ture
s Te
stin
g
Stru
ctur
es T
est F
acili
ty, B
ldg.
65
AFR
L/VA
Wrig
ht-P
atte
rson
AFB
, Day
ton
OH
Stru
ctur
es T
est F
acili
ty, B
ldg.
65
AFR
L/VA
Wrig
ht-P
atte
rson
AFB
, Day
ton
OH
Stru
ctur
es &
Mat
eria
lsR
esea
rch
Labo
rato
ryN
ASA
LaR
C, H
ampt
on, V
A
Stru
ctur
es &
Mat
eria
lsR
esea
rch
Labo
rato
ryN
ASA
LaR
C, H
ampt
on, V
A
Flig
ht L
oads
Lab
orat
ory
NA
SA D
FRC
, Edw
ards
, CA
Flig
ht L
oads
Lab
orat
ory
NA
SA D
FRC
, Edw
ards
, CA
•Lar
ge-s
cale
ther
mal
, str
uctu
ral
and
dyna
mic
test
ing
•The
rmal
-str
uctu
ral a
nd d
ynam
ic a
naly
ses
•Hig
h-te
mpe
ratu
re in
stru
men
tatio
n•N
on-d
estr
uctiv
e ev
alua
tion
Dry
den
Flig
ht R
esea
rch
Cen
ter
4
NA
SA D
ryde
n Fl
ight
Loa
ds L
abor
ator
y♦
Gen
eral
Des
crip
tion
•La
bora
tory
for s
truct
ural
and
ther
mal
test
ing
of
aero
spac
e st
ruct
ures
•La
rge
high
-bay
test
are
a (1
64’x
120
’)
♦St
ruct
ural
Loa
ding
Cap
abili
ties
•S
truct
ural
load
ing
equi
pmen
t: lo
ad fr
ames
, loa
d ce
lls,
and
hydr
aulic
act
uato
rs•
Airc
raft
grou
nd v
ibra
tion
and
stru
ctur
al m
ode
inte
ract
ion
test
ing
•84
cha
nnel
s of
hyd
raul
ic lo
ad c
ontro
l
♦Th
erm
al L
oadi
ng C
apab
ilitie
s•
Vac
uum
furn
aces
, low
and
hig
h te
mpe
ratu
re
cham
bers
, liq
uid
and
gase
ous
nitro
gen
supp
ly s
yste
ms
•Q
uartz
lam
p an
d gr
aphi
te e
lem
ent h
eatin
g•
20 M
W o
f ava
ilabl
e po
wer
•40
00 g
al o
f liq
uid
nitro
gen
stor
age
for c
ryog
enic
test
ing
•P
oten
tial f
or 5
12 c
hann
els
of th
erm
al c
ontro
l
♦D
ata
Acq
uisi
tion
Cap
abili
ties
•P
oten
tial f
or 1
280
chan
nels
of d
ata
acqu
isiti
on
♦G
ener
al D
escr
iptio
n•
Labo
rato
ry fo
r stru
ctur
al a
nd th
erm
al te
stin
g of
ae
rosp
ace
stru
ctur
es•
Larg
e hi
gh-b
ay te
st a
rea
(164
’x 1
20’)
♦St
ruct
ural
Loa
ding
Cap
abili
ties
•S
truct
ural
load
ing
equi
pmen
t: lo
ad fr
ames
, loa
d ce
lls,
and
hydr
aulic
act
uato
rs•
Airc
raft
grou
nd v
ibra
tion
and
stru
ctur
al m
ode
inte
ract
ion
test
ing
•84
cha
nnel
s of
hyd
raul
ic lo
ad c
ontro
l
♦Th
erm
al L
oadi
ng C
apab
ilitie
s•
Vac
uum
furn
aces
, low
and
hig
h te
mpe
ratu
re
cham
bers
, liq
uid
and
gase
ous
nitro
gen
supp
ly s
yste
ms
•Q
uartz
lam
p an
d gr
aphi
te e
lem
ent h
eatin
g•
20 M
W o
f ava
ilabl
e po
wer
•40
00 g
al o
f liq
uid
nitro
gen
stor
age
for c
ryog
enic
test
ing
•P
oten
tial f
or 5
12 c
hann
els
of th
erm
al c
ontro
l
♦D
ata
Acq
uisi
tion
Cap
abili
ties
•P
oten
tial f
or 1
280
chan
nels
of d
ata
acqu
isiti
on
E2C
Haw
keye
Loa
ds C
alib
ratio
n Te
st
C/C
Ele
von
Ther
mal
/Str
uctu
ral T
est
Dry
den
Flig
ht R
esea
rch
Cen
ter
5
NA
SA D
ryde
n Fl
ight
Loa
ds L
abor
ator
y
Dry
den
Flig
ht R
esea
rch
Cen
ter
6
Hot
Str
uctu
res
Test
Pro
gram
s (1
990’
s)
1200
°F w
/ Loa
d
1500
°F w
/ Loa
d
900°
F w
/ Loa
d
2000
°F w
/ Loa
d
2250
°F w
/ Loa
d
NA
SP T
MC
Spl
ice
Join
t Pan
elA
FRL,
199
3N
ASP
TM
C S
ide
Shea
r Pan
elD
FRC
, 199
5A
FRL
C/C
Win
g B
oxA
FRL,
199
9
NA
SP T
MC
Pan
els
DFR
C, 1
990-
1994
NA
SP C
/C W
ing
Box
AFR
L, 1
992
1200
°F w
/ Loa
d
NA
SP T
MC
Pan
elJo
int T
est
LaR
C, 1
993
Dry
den
Flig
ht R
esea
rch
Cen
ter
7
Hot
Str
uctu
res
Test
Pro
gram
s (2
000’
s)
NG
LT C
/C C
ontr
ol S
urfa
ceD
FRC
, Mar
ch 2
003
NG
LT C
/SiC
Bod
yfla
pD
FRC
, Nov
200
3
X-37
C/C
Fla
pero
nSu
bcom
pone
ntD
FRC
, Aug
200
4
X-37
C/S
iCFl
aper
onSu
bcom
pone
ntD
FRC
, May
200
4
2000
°F w
/ Loa
d24
00°F
w/ L
oad
2300
°F
2100
°F w
/ Loa
d
X-37
C/C
Fla
pero
nQ
ualU
nit
DFR
C, A
ug 2
005
2500
°F
X-37
C/C
Rud
derv
ator
Subc
ompo
nent
AFR
L, S
ep 2
004
2300
°F
Dry
den
Flig
ht R
esea
rch
Cen
ter
8
Hot
Str
uctu
res
Test
Pro
gram
s
Test
at 2
000°
F &
100
% D
LL
♦N
ASP
/ N
GLT
Car
bon-
Car
bon
Elev
on(2
003)
•C
once
pt v
alid
atio
n te
st o
f a fl
ight
-wei
ght C
/C h
ot
stru
ctur
e co
mpo
nent
•Fa
bric
ated
in 1
989
for t
he N
ASP
Tec
h M
at p
rogr
am•
Sim
ulta
neou
s he
atin
g an
d lo
adin
g to
200
0°F
and
100%
DLL
in n
itrog
en a
tmos
pher
e •
128
quar
tz-la
mp
heat
ers
(32
cont
rol z
ones
)−
App
roxi
mat
ely
1.5
MW
of e
lect
rical
pow
er
•In
stru
men
tatio
n−
50 th
erm
ocou
ples
and
54
stra
in g
ages
(firs
t hot
str
uctu
re
appl
icat
ion
of fi
ber o
ptic
str
ain
sens
ors)
♦N
ASP
/ N
GLT
Car
bon-
Car
bon
Elev
on(2
003)
•C
once
pt v
alid
atio
n te
st o
f a fl
ight
-wei
ght C
/C h
ot
stru
ctur
e co
mpo
nent
•Fa
bric
ated
in 1
989
for t
he N
ASP
Tec
h M
at p
rogr
am•
Sim
ulta
neou
s he
atin
g an
d lo
adin
g to
200
0°F
and
100%
DLL
in n
itrog
en a
tmos
pher
e •
128
quar
tz-la
mp
heat
ers
(32
cont
rol z
ones
)−
App
roxi
mat
ely
1.5
MW
of e
lect
rical
pow
er
•In
stru
men
tatio
n−
50 th
erm
ocou
ples
and
54
stra
in g
ages
(firs
t hot
str
uctu
re
appl
icat
ion
of fi
ber o
ptic
str
ain
sens
ors)
Dry
den
Flig
ht R
esea
rch
Cen
ter
9
Hot
Str
uctu
res
Test
Pro
gram
s
♦X-
37 C
arbo
n-C
arbo
n Fl
aper
on(2
005)
•The
rmal
& m
echa
nica
l qua
lific
atio
n te
st o
f a
fligh
t des
ign
C/C
hot
str
uctu
re c
ontr
ol s
urfa
ce
•Tes
ted
in n
itrog
en p
urge
d at
mos
pher
e
•35
quar
tz la
mp
heat
ers
(18
cont
rol z
ones
)
•Ins
trum
enta
tion
−82
ther
moc
oupl
es c
hann
els
(124
on
test
set
up)
−14
fibe
r-op
tic s
trai
n se
nsor
s
−12
def
lect
ion
mea
sure
men
ts
•Key
test
cha
lleng
es−
Bon
ding
hig
h-te
mp
inst
rum
enta
tion
to C
/C
−A
chie
ving
des
ired
boun
dary
con
ditio
ns
♦X-
37 C
arbo
n-C
arbo
n Fl
aper
on(2
005)
•The
rmal
& m
echa
nica
l qua
lific
atio
n te
st o
f a
fligh
t des
ign
C/C
hot
str
uctu
re c
ontr
ol s
urfa
ce
•Tes
ted
in n
itrog
en p
urge
d at
mos
pher
e
•35
quar
tz la
mp
heat
ers
(18
cont
rol z
ones
)
•Ins
trum
enta
tion
−82
ther
moc
oupl
es c
hann
els
(124
on
test
set
up)
−14
fibe
r-op
tic s
trai
n se
nsor
s
−12
def
lect
ion
mea
sure
men
ts
•Key
test
cha
lleng
es−
Bon
ding
hig
h-te
mp
inst
rum
enta
tion
to C
/C
−A
chie
ving
des
ired
boun
dary
con
ditio
ns
Dry
den
Flig
ht R
esea
rch
Cen
ter
10
Typi
cal S
eque
nce
for
Hot
Str
uctu
res
Test
ing
Typi
cal S
eque
nce
for
Hot
Str
uctu
res
Test
ing
Aer
o / A
erot
herm
alD
atab
ase
Hot
Stu
ctur
eD
esig
n
Hot
Stru
ctur
e Fa
bric
atio
n
Test
Req
uire
men
ts(lo
ads,
bou
ndar
y co
nditi
ons,
in
stru
men
tatio
n, N
DE
, etc
.)
Test
Set
up D
esig
n
Test
Set
up A
ssem
bly
Test
Rea
dine
ss
Rev
iew
Test
Exe
cutio
n
Hot
Stru
ctur
e P
ost-T
est N
DE
Test
Rep
ort
Hot
Stru
ctur
e M
odel
ing
& An
alys
is
Test
Set
up
Fabr
icat
ion
(PD
Rs,
CD
Rs)
Hot
Stru
ctur
e D
esig
n &
Mod
el V
alid
atio
n(d
ata
corre
latio
n)
Test
Pla
n(p
roce
dure
s, la
b sy
stem
s in
stru
men
tatio
n, s
afet
y, e
tc.)
Test
Set
up
Inst
rum
enta
tion
Hot
Stru
ctur
e In
stru
men
tatio
n
Hot
Stru
ctur
e B
asel
ine
ND
E
Hot
Stru
ctur
e Te
st
Con
ditio
n An
alys
is
Pre
-Tes
t Pre
dict
ions
Des
ign
/ Dev
elop
men
tTe
stin
g
Dry
den
Flig
ht R
esea
rch
Cen
ter
11
Typi
cal S
eque
nce
for
Hot
Str
uctu
res
Test
ing
Typi
cal S
eque
nce
for
Hot
Str
uctu
res
Test
ing
Aer
o / A
erot
herm
alD
atab
ase
Hot
Stru
ctur
e D
esig
n
Hot
Stru
ctur
e Fa
bric
atio
n
Test
Req
uire
men
ts(lo
ads,
bou
ndar
y co
nditi
ons,
in
stru
men
tatio
n, N
DE
, etc
.)
Test
Set
up D
esig
n
Test
Set
up A
ssem
bly
Test
Rea
dine
ss
Rev
iew
Test
Exe
cutio
n
Hot
Stru
ctur
e P
ost-T
est N
DE
Test
Rep
ort
Hot
Stru
ctur
e M
odel
ing
& An
alys
is
Test
Set
up
Fabr
icat
ion
(PD
Rs,
CD
Rs)
Hot
Stru
ctur
e D
esig
n &
Mod
el V
alid
atio
n(d
ata
corre
latio
n)
Test
Pla
n(p
roce
dure
s, la
b sy
stem
s in
stru
men
tatio
n, s
afet
y, e
tc.)
Test
Set
up
Inst
rum
enta
tion
Hot
Stru
ctur
e In
stru
men
tatio
n
Hot
Stru
ctur
e B
asel
ine
ND
E
Hot
Stru
ctur
e Te
st
Con
ditio
n An
alys
is
Pre
-Tes
t Pre
dict
ions
Dry
den
Flig
ht R
esea
rch
Cen
ter
12
Test
Req
uire
men
ts D
efin
itio
n
♦Te
st a
rtic
le d
escr
iptio
n (m
ater
ial,
size
, typ
e, e
tc.)
♦Ty
pe o
f tes
t (pr
oof,
acce
ptan
ce, q
ualif
icat
ion,
val
idat
ion,
rese
arch
)
♦Ty
pe o
f loa
ding
(the
rmal
, mec
hani
cal,
dyna
mic
, com
bine
d)
♦B
ound
ary
cond
ition
def
initi
on
♦Ty
pe o
f hea
ting
syst
em (q
uart
z la
mp,
gra
phite
)
♦Ty
pe o
f tes
t atm
osph
ere
(pur
ged,
air,
leve
l of O
2)
♦Te
st m
atrix
def
initi
on (t
est s
eque
nce)
♦In
stru
men
tatio
n (ty
pe, n
umbe
r, lo
catio
n)
♦H
andl
ing
requ
irem
ents
♦In
spec
tion
requ
irem
ents
♦D
ocum
enta
tion
requ
irem
ents
♦Te
st a
rtic
le d
escr
iptio
n (m
ater
ial,
size
, typ
e, e
tc.)
♦Ty
pe o
f tes
t (pr
oof,
acce
ptan
ce, q
ualif
icat
ion,
val
idat
ion,
rese
arch
)
♦Ty
pe o
f loa
ding
(the
rmal
, mec
hani
cal,
dyna
mic
, com
bine
d)
♦B
ound
ary
cond
ition
def
initi
on
♦Ty
pe o
f hea
ting
syst
em (q
uart
z la
mp,
gra
phite
)
♦Ty
pe o
f tes
t atm
osph
ere
(pur
ged,
air,
leve
l of O
2)
♦Te
st m
atrix
def
initi
on (t
est s
eque
nce)
♦In
stru
men
tatio
n (ty
pe, n
umbe
r, lo
catio
n)
♦H
andl
ing
requ
irem
ents
♦In
spec
tion
requ
irem
ents
♦D
ocum
enta
tion
requ
irem
ents
Dry
den
Flig
ht R
esea
rch
Cen
ter
13
Test
Set
up D
evel
opm
ent
♦G
oal:
Des
ign
test
set
up to
sim
ulat
e de
sire
dbo
unda
ry c
ondi
tions
•H
eatin
g sy
stem
to m
eet d
esire
d te
mpe
ratu
re d
istr
ibut
ion
•M
echa
nica
l loa
ding
sys
tem
to m
eet d
esire
pre
ssur
e di
strib
utio
nH
eatin
g Sy
stem
Hea
ting
Syst
emM
echa
nica
l Loa
ding
Sys
tem
Mec
hani
cal L
oadi
ng S
yste
m
Tem
pera
ture
Dis
trib
utio
nTe
mpe
ratu
re D
istr
ibut
ion
Tem
p Zo
ne P
rofil
e
Load
Zon
ePr
ofile
Tim
e
Pres
sure
Dis
trib
utio
nPr
essu
re D
istr
ibut
ion
Tem
p Zo
neLo
ad Z
one
♦Pe
rfor
m a
test
con
ditio
n an
alys
is to
incl
ude
real
boun
dary
con
ditio
ns•
Prov
ides
mor
e re
pres
enta
tive
pre-
test
pre
dict
ions
•Pr
ovid
es b
est c
orre
latio
n be
twee
n te
st d
ata
and
anal
ysis
Dry
den
Flig
ht R
esea
rch
Cen
ter
14
Test
Set
up D
evel
opm
ent
Qua
rtz
Lam
p H
eate
rTm
ax≈
2700
°F
Gra
phite
Hea
ter
Tmax
≈32
00°F
•A
lum
inum
refle
ctor
•Si
x 20
00 W
qua
rtz
lam
ps•
Wat
er &
gas
coo
led
•A
lum
inum
refle
ctor
•Si
x 20
00 W
qua
rtz
lam
ps•
Wat
er &
gas
coo
led
Cur
rent
Qua
rtz
Lam
p H
eate
r Set
up
Gra
phite
Hea
ter E
valu
atio
n Te
st (3
100°
F)
Dry
den
Flig
ht R
esea
rch
Cen
ter
15
Hig
h-Te
mpe
ratu
re I
nstr
umen
tati
on
♦Is
sues
•H
ot s
truc
ture
s ar
e ut
ilizi
ng a
dvan
ced
mat
eria
ls th
at o
pera
te a
t tem
pera
ture
s th
at e
xcee
d cu
rren
t abi
lity
to m
easu
re s
truc
tura
l per
form
ance
•
Rob
ust s
trai
n se
nsor
s th
at o
pera
te a
ccur
atel
y an
d re
liabl
y be
yond
180
0°F
do n
ot e
xist
♦Im
plic
atio
ns•
Hin
ders
abi
lity
to v
alid
ate
anal
ysis
and
mod
elin
g te
chni
ques
•H
inde
rs a
bilit
y to
opt
imiz
e st
ruct
ural
des
igns
Low
Low
Med
ium
Med
ium
Hig
hH
igh
Low
Low
Med
ium
Med
ium
Hig
hH
igh
Foil
Stra
in G
age
Foil
Stra
in G
age
Wel
dabl
eSt
rain
Gag
eW
elda
ble
Stra
in G
age
Wire
Wou
nd S
trai
n G
age
Wire
Wou
nd S
trai
n G
age
Silic
a Fi
ber O
ptic
Str
ain
Gag
eSi
lica
Fibe
r Opt
ic S
trai
n G
age
2000
2000
Sapp
hire
FO
Str
ain
Gag
e(in
dev
elop
men
t)Sa
pphi
re F
O S
trai
n G
age
(in d
evel
opm
ent)
3000
3000
1000
1000
Diff
icul
ty o
f Ins
talla
tion
Diff
icul
ty o
f Ins
talla
tion
Hot
Str
uctu
res
Stra
in M
easu
rem
ent
Are
a of
Nee
d
Commercially AvailableSt
rain
Sen
sor T
ype
Stra
in S
enso
r Typ
e
Diff
icul
ty o
f Use
Diff
icul
ty o
f Use
Tem
pera
ture
Tem
pera
ture
Dry
den
Flig
ht R
esea
rch
Cen
ter
16
Hig
h-Te
mpe
ratu
re I
nstr
umen
tati
on
♦G
oal:
Pro
vide
val
id s
trai
n an
d te
mpe
ratu
re d
ata
to a
naly
sts
•S
uppo
rts F
EM
and
ther
mal
-stru
ctur
al a
naly
sis
valid
atio
n
♦K
ey Is
sue:
Dev
elop
atta
chm
ent t
echn
ique
s fo
r str
ain
& te
mpe
ratu
re
sens
ors
on h
ot s
truc
ture
mat
eria
ls (s
uper
allo
ys, C
/C, C
/SiC
, etc
.)•
Val
idat
e at
tach
men
t tec
hniq
ues
thro
ugh
char
acte
rizat
ion
test
ing
♦G
oal:
Pro
vide
val
id s
trai
n an
d te
mpe
ratu
re d
ata
to a
naly
sts
•S
uppo
rts F
EM
and
ther
mal
-stru
ctur
al a
naly
sis
valid
atio
n
♦K
ey Is
sue:
Dev
elop
atta
chm
ent t
echn
ique
s fo
r str
ain
& te
mpe
ratu
re
sens
ors
on h
ot s
truc
ture
mat
eria
ls (s
uper
allo
ys, C
/C, C
/SiC
, etc
.)•
Val
idat
e at
tach
men
t tec
hniq
ues
thro
ugh
char
acte
rizat
ion
test
ing
Dila
tom
eter
(300
0°F,
iner
t/air)
Dila
tom
eter
(300
0°F,
iner
t/air)H
igh-
tem
p FO
sen
sors
on
C/C
in s
ampl
ehol
der
Hig
h-te
mp
FO s
enso
rs
on C
/C in
sam
pleh
olde
r
Stra
in S
enso
r Val
idat
ion
Syst
em
Cla
mp
Cla
mp
Load
bar
Load
bar
Load
ing
man
drel
Load
ing
man
drel
LVD
TLV
DT
Ther
mal
Cyc
ling
Furn
ace
3000
°F, i
nert
/air
3000
°F, i
nert
/air
Typi
cal S
yste
ms
for S
enso
r Val
idat
ion
Test
ing
Dry
den
Flig
ht R
esea
rch
Cen
ter
17
Hig
h-Te
mpe
ratu
re I
nstr
umen
tati
on
Wel
dabl
eC
apac
itive
Wel
dabl
eR
esis
tive
1960
-197
019
80-1
990
>200
019
60-1
970
1980
-199
0>2
000
Larg
e th
erm
al o
utpu
ts a
nd
mea
sure
men
t unc
erta
intie
s
Impr
oved
tem
pera
ture
-com
pens
atio
n us
ing
flam
e-sp
raye
d re
sist
ive
gage
s
X-33
X-33
NA
SP
Impr
oved
mea
sure
men
t acc
urac
y ap
plyi
ng S
ilica
and
Sap
phire
EFP
I Te
chno
logy
X-37
CEV
CEV
Evol
utio
n of
Hot
-Str
uctu
re S
trai
n M
easu
rem
ents
Flam
e-Sp
raye
d R
esis
tive
Fibe
r-O
ptic
Str
ain
Sens
or
Dry
den
Flig
ht R
esea
rch
Cen
ter
18
Hig
h-Te
mpe
ratu
re I
nstr
umen
tati
on
Nex
tel o
verb
raid
Nex
tel o
verb
raid
Plas
ma/
Rok
ide
base
coat
Plas
ma/
Rok
ide
base
coat
Cer
amic
cem
ent
Cer
amic
cem
ent
Gol
d-co
ated
sili
ca fi
ber (
125
mic
ron)
Gol
d-co
ated
sili
ca fi
ber (
125
mic
ron)
8.5m
m
Rok
ide
flam
e sp
ray
Rok
ide
flam
e sp
ray
Plas
ma
spra
y (2
mils
)Pl
asm
a sp
ray
(2 m
ils)
Qua
rtz
tube
Qua
rtz
tube
Fibe
r Opt
ic S
train
Sen
sor I
nsta
llatio
n
Ther
moc
oupl
e In
stal
latio
nTh
erm
ocou
ple
Inst
alla
tion
Ther
mal
Spr
ayin
gTh
erm
alS
pray
ing
Cer
amic
cem
ent
Cer
amic
cem
ent
Plas
ma/
Rok
ide
ther
mal
sp
raye
d ba
seco
atPl
asm
a/R
okid
eth
erm
al
spra
yed
base
coat
Max
use
≈18
50°F
Max
use
≈18
50°F
Max
use
≈25
00°F
Max
use
≈25
00°F
C/C
C/C
C/S
iCC
/SiC
Dry
den
Flig
ht R
esea
rch
Cen
ter
19
Hig
h-Te
mpe
ratu
re I
nstr
umen
tati
on♦
Dry
den
adva
nced
fibe
r-op
tic m
easu
rem
ent
syst
em fo
r hea
t shi
eld
heal
th m
onito
ring
•Si
mul
tane
ous
stra
in a
nd te
mpe
ratu
re
mea
sure
men
ts•
Flig
ht s
yste
m c
urre
ntly
ava
ilabl
e−
480
sens
ors
per o
ptic
al fi
ber
−2-
fiber
mod
e at
35
sps
−4-
fiber
mod
e at
20
sps
•Fl
ight
test
ing
on P
reda
tor B
in S
ep ‘0
7
♦D
ryde
n ad
vanc
ed fi
ber-
optic
mea
sure
men
t sy
stem
for h
eat s
hiel
d he
alth
mon
itorin
g•
Sim
ulta
neou
s st
rain
and
tem
pera
ture
m
easu
rem
ents
•Fl
ight
sys
tem
cur
rent
ly a
vaila
ble
−48
0 se
nsor
s pe
r opt
ical
fibe
r−
2-fib
er m
ode
at 3
5 sp
s−
4-fib
er m
ode
at 2
0 sp
s
•Fl
ight
test
ing
on P
reda
tor B
in S
ep ‘0
7
Ther
mal
Loa
ding
Ther
mal
Loa
ding
Fibe
r-O
ptic
Hea
lth
Mon
itorin
g Sy
stem
Fibe
r-O
ptic
Hea
lth
Mon
itorin
g Sy
stem
Pres
sure
Loa
ding
Pres
sure
Loa
ding
Fibe
r bon
ded
to
sim
ulat
ed h
eat s
hiel
dFi
ber b
onde
d to
si
mul
ated
hea
t shi
eld
Hea
t gun
Hea
t gun
Prop
osed
Gro
und
Valid
atio
n Te
st o
fH
eat S
hiel
d H
ealth
Mon
itorin
g Sy
stem
Inst
rum
ente
dhe
at s
hiel
d(w
/out
abl
ator
)
Hea
ting
syst
emPr
essu
re lo
adin
g
Opt
ical
fibe
r
Dry
den
Flig
ht R
esea
rch
Cen
ter
20
Hot
Str
uctu
res
ND
E♦
ND
E is
an
esse
ntia
l par
t of a
ny h
ot s
truc
ture
s te
st p
rogr
am•
Mus
t be
able
to d
etec
t, lo
cate
, ide
ntify
and
trac
k de
fect
s / d
amag
e to
fully
cha
ract
eriz
e th
e ho
t st
ruct
ure
com
pone
nt u
nder
test
♦IR
Pul
sed
Ther
mog
raph
yN
DE
for h
igh-
tem
pera
ture
com
posi
te s
truc
ture
s (C
/C, C
/SiC
)•
Loca
tes
and
map
s m
ater
ial d
elam
inat
ions
and
poro
sity
•Lo
cate
s pr
ecis
e de
pth
of d
efec
t•
Tech
niqu
e im
prov
emen
ts a
re re
quire
d to
bet
ter c
hara
cter
ize
dam
age
in C
/C &
C/S
iCm
ater
ials
•C
urre
ntly
look
ing
to d
evel
op s
tand
ards
with
eng
inee
red
defe
cts
♦N
DE
is a
n es
sent
ial p
art o
f any
hot
str
uctu
res
test
pro
gram
•M
ust b
e ab
le to
det
ect,
loca
te, i
dent
ify a
nd tr
ack
defe
cts
/ dam
age
to fu
lly c
hara
cter
ize
the
hot
stru
ctur
e co
mpo
nent
und
er te
st
♦IR
Pul
sed
Ther
mog
raph
yN
DE
for h
igh-
tem
pera
ture
com
posi
te s
truc
ture
s (C
/C, C
/SiC
)•
Loca
tes
and
map
s m
ater
ial d
elam
inat
ions
and
poro
sity
•Lo
cate
s pr
ecis
e de
pth
of d
efec
t•
Tech
niqu
e im
prov
emen
ts a
re re
quire
d to
bet
ter c
hara
cter
ize
dam
age
in C
/C &
C/S
iCm
ater
ials
•C
urre
ntly
look
ing
to d
evel
op s
tand
ards
with
eng
inee
red
defe
cts
Dry
den
Flig
ht R
esea
rch
Cen
ter
21
Curr
ent
Hot
Str
uctu
res
Test
ing
♦O
bjec
tive:
Tes
t a C
/SiC
Rud
derv
ator
Subc
ompo
nent
und
er re
leva
nt
ther
mal
, mec
hani
cal &
dyn
amic
load
ing
♦Su
ppor
ts N
ASA
AR
MD
Hyp
erso
nics
Mat
eria
l & S
truc
ture
s Pr
ogra
m♦
Part
ners
: N
ASA
Dry
den,
Lan
gley
, Gle
nn, L
ockh
eed-
Mar
tin,
Mat
eria
ls R
esea
rch
& D
esig
n, G
E A
viat
ion
♦Te
st P
hase
s•
Pha
se 1
: A
cous
tic-V
ibra
tion
Test
ing
(LaR
C) –
com
plet
ed•
Pha
se 2
: Th
erm
al-M
echa
nica
l Tes
ting
(DFR
C) –
in d
esig
n / f
ab•
Pha
se 3
: M
echa
nica
l Tes
ting
(DFR
C) –
in d
esig
n / f
ab•
Pha
se 4
: Th
erm
al-A
cous
tic T
estin
g (L
aRC
) –in
des
ign
♦O
bjec
tive:
Tes
t a C
/SiC
Rud
derv
ator
Subc
ompo
nent
und
er re
leva
nt
ther
mal
, mec
hani
cal &
dyn
amic
load
ing
♦Su
ppor
ts N
ASA
AR
MD
Hyp
erso
nics
Mat
eria
l & S
truc
ture
s Pr
ogra
m♦
Part
ners
: N
ASA
Dry
den,
Lan
gley
, Gle
nn, L
ockh
eed-
Mar
tin,
Mat
eria
ls R
esea
rch
& D
esig
n, G
E A
viat
ion
♦Te
st P
hase
s•
Pha
se 1
: A
cous
tic-V
ibra
tion
Test
ing
(LaR
C) –
com
plet
ed•
Pha
se 2
: Th
erm
al-M
echa
nica
l Tes
ting
(DFR
C) –
in d
esig
n / f
ab•
Pha
se 3
: M
echa
nica
l Tes
ting
(DFR
C) –
in d
esig
n / f
ab•
Pha
se 4
: Th
erm
al-A
cous
tic T
estin
g (L
aRC
) –in
des
ign
Pha
se 1
Pha
se 1
Pha
se 2
Pha
se 2
Pha
se 3
Pha
se 3
Pha
se 4
Pha
se 4
C/S
iCR
udde
rvat
orS
ubco
mpo
nent
C/S
iCR
udde
rvat
orS
ubco
mpo
nent
Dry
den
Flig
ht R
esea
rch
Cen
ter
22
Conc
ludi
ng R
emar
ks
♦H
ot s
truc
ture
s ar
e cu
rren
tly fi
ndin
g ap
plic
atio
ns o
n re
al v
ehic
les
♦C
urre
nt s
truc
tura
l sen
sing
tech
nolo
gies
do
not m
eet t
he p
eak
tem
pera
ture
requ
irem
ents
for h
ot s
truc
ture
app
licat
ions
•Inn
ovat
ive
sens
ors
are
need
ed
•Adv
ance
d se
nsor
atta
chm
ent t
echn
ique
s ar
e re
quire
d
•Sen
sor c
hara
cter
izat
ion
and
valid
atio
n is
requ
ired
♦Im
prov
ed N
DE
tech
niqu
es a
nd e
ngin
eere
d st
anda
rds
are
requ
ired
to b
ette
r det
ect a
nd id
entif
y da
mag
e in
C/C
& C
/SiC
mat
eria
ls
♦U
.S. l
abor
ator
ies
mus
t mai
ntai
n co
re c
ompe
tenc
ies
to e
ffect
ivel
ym
eet i
mm
inen
t dem
ands
for h
ot s
truc
ture
s te
stin
g
♦H
ot s
truc
ture
s ar
e cu
rren
tly fi
ndin
g ap
plic
atio
ns o
n re
al v
ehic
les
♦C
urre
nt s
truc
tura
l sen
sing
tech
nolo
gies
do
not m
eet t
he p
eak
tem
pera
ture
requ
irem
ents
for h
ot s
truc
ture
app
licat
ions
•Inn
ovat
ive
sens
ors
are
need
ed
•Adv
ance
d se
nsor
atta
chm
ent t
echn
ique
s ar
e re
quire
d
•Sen
sor c
hara
cter
izat
ion
and
valid
atio
n is
requ
ired
♦Im
prov
ed N
DE
tech
niqu
es a
nd e
ngin
eere
d st
anda
rds
are
requ
ired
to b
ette
r det
ect a
nd id
entif
y da
mag
e in
C/C
& C
/SiC
mat
eria
ls
♦U
.S. l
abor
ator
ies
mus
t mai
ntai
n co
re c
ompe
tenc
ies
to e
ffect
ivel
ym
eet i
mm
inen
t dem
ands
for h
ot s
truc
ture
s te
stin
g
