competitiveness

There is no single “recipe” for competitiveness. Various policies can be benchmarked, and then each individual country needs to adapt them to their own environment. Competitiveness strategies succeed when they balance the economic imperatives imposed by world markets with the social requirements of a nation formed by history, value systems, and tradition.

Scien

ce

SC.Research

SelfEduc.

Educ.

Competitiveness

SocialEcon.Environ

COUNTRY

Competitiveness

Development

Science

McNamara: former Secretary of Defense, USA“National Security is Development”

I prefer: National Security is Competitiveness

Y08 - Y09

Y09 - Y10

Y10 - Y11

Y11 - Y12

Y12 - Y13

Y13 - Y14

8170

8194

107118

21 24 26 21 25 24

EgyptMalaysia

GC Report

Global Competitiveness Index

Y08 - Y09 Y09 - Y10 Y10 - Y11 Y11 - Y12 Y12 - Y13 Y13 - Y14

8170

8194

107118

21 24 26 21 25 24

EgyptMalaysia

Global Competiveness Index

Y08 - Y09 Y09 - Y10 Y10 - Y11 Y11 - Y12 Y12 - Y13 Y13 - Y14

67 7483

103 109120

22 24 24 24 25 25

EgyptMalysia

Ranking Based on Innovation Pillar

Ranking Based on Collaboration Between Universities and Industry

Malaysia: 16 - 18

Egypt: 128 - 133